2019
Conferences
281.
Rizzo, Davide; Marraccini, Elisa; Benoît, Marc; Thenail, Claudine; Lardon, Sylvie
Landscape agronomy: bibliometric insights on key issues and background topics of a conceptual framework Conference
10th IALE World Congress Milan, Italy, 2019.
@conference{Rizzo2019,
title = {Landscape agronomy: bibliometric insights on key issues and background topics of a conceptual framework},
author = {Davide Rizzo and Elisa Marraccini and Marc Benoît and Claudine Thenail and Sylvie Lardon},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-03609817/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334285870_Landscape_agronomy_bibliometric_insights_on_key_issues_and_background_topics_of_a_conceptual_framework},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-07-04},
urldate = {2019-07-04},
address = {Milan, Italy},
organization = {10th IALE World Congress },
abstract = {Landscapes are formed by the interactions between natural resources and heterogeneous land managers that expect/pursue an increasing variety of ecosystem services. Landscape ecology undoubtedly indicated the landscape as the best level to assess existing services and to support expected improvements. Where agriculture drives local dynamics, a contextual cross-scale analysis of farming activities and actors is needed to understand how and why landscapes are produced, eventually, redesigned. Inspired by landscape ecology, the landscape agronomy framework was proposed to extend the study of patterns and processes to agriculture, calling to focus on the spatially explicit characterization of farmers' decision-making. In summary, the landscape agronomy conceptual framework helps to describe and analyze the patterns determined by the interactions between agricultural practices and local resources (Benoit, Rizzo et al. 2012, Lands Ecol). This communication aims at providing insights into the key concepts underpinning the conceptual framework, such as the "cropping system" defined by agronomists, and the "force fields" applied in geography. A few years after the launch of this conceptual framework, we address the question: "who cares about landscape and agriculture?". To this aim, we will present the result of a bibliometric analysis using the CorText platform to explore research keywords, (inter)disciplinary bridges and emerging issues related to landscape agronomy. In the discussion, we will address some relevant applications, such as the challenges for agrifood system management of natural resources or to energy production by farmers (e.g., biofuel, biogas), and the landscape perspective on the deployment of smart farming and agtech. We will conclude on possible improvements to this conceptual framework. Altogether, this communication sets the scene for an upcoming multidisciplinary book about advances and challenges of a territorial approach to agricultural issues. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Landscapes are formed by the interactions between natural resources and heterogeneous land managers that expect/pursue an increasing variety of ecosystem services. Landscape ecology undoubtedly indicated the landscape as the best level to assess existing services and to support expected improvements. Where agriculture drives local dynamics, a contextual cross-scale analysis of farming activities and actors is needed to understand how and why landscapes are produced, eventually, redesigned. Inspired by landscape ecology, the landscape agronomy framework was proposed to extend the study of patterns and processes to agriculture, calling to focus on the spatially explicit characterization of farmers' decision-making. In summary, the landscape agronomy conceptual framework helps to describe and analyze the patterns determined by the interactions between agricultural practices and local resources (Benoit, Rizzo et al. 2012, Lands Ecol). This communication aims at providing insights into the key concepts underpinning the conceptual framework, such as the "cropping system" defined by agronomists, and the "force fields" applied in geography. A few years after the launch of this conceptual framework, we address the question: "who cares about landscape and agriculture?". To this aim, we will present the result of a bibliometric analysis using the CorText platform to explore research keywords, (inter)disciplinary bridges and emerging issues related to landscape agronomy. In the discussion, we will address some relevant applications, such as the challenges for agrifood system management of natural resources or to energy production by farmers (e.g., biofuel, biogas), and the landscape perspective on the deployment of smart farming and agtech. We will conclude on possible improvements to this conceptual framework. Altogether, this communication sets the scene for an upcoming multidisciplinary book about advances and challenges of a territorial approach to agricultural issues.
Masters Theses
282.
Aumüller-Wagner, Sophia; Læarsson, Bartal; Agar, Muhammed; Mituzaite, Kristina; Münz, Janina; Malnača, Linda
Dominant and silent voices in the discourse on Health Smart Homes for the Elderly on Twitter and Scopus Masters Thesis
IT-University of Copenhagen, 2019.
@mastersthesis{Aumüller-Wagner2019,
title = {Dominant and silent voices in the discourse on Health Smart Homes for the Elderly on Twitter and Scopus},
author = {Sophia Aumüller-Wagner and Bartal Læarsson and Muhammed Agar and Kristina Mituzaite and Janina Münz and Linda Malnača},
url = {https://www.dasts.dk/wp-content/uploads/ESPS_Health-smart-home-for-the-elderly.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-09-01},
school = {IT-University of Copenhagen},
abstract = {Living in a world of demographic change means that aging societies will to a higher extend deal with mobility issues, chronic illnesses, and fall risks. Smart home technologies are increasingly considered in healthcare and could help alleviate the dilemma of people wanting to remain autonomous and independent while growing older. Under the lens of Clarke’s Situational Analysis, this paper explores how health smart homes for the elderly are co-constructed on the platforms of Scopus and Twitter. Using both Big Data and Thick Data, silent voices in the discourse around this technology are uncovered in order to understand how far the innovation of smart homes is aligned with the needs of its users. The main finding of this research paper shows that the field around health smart homes for the elderly is still in its early stages and the needs and concerns of elderly people are not yet considered enough. In order to design smart health homes for the elderly, the researchers propose a requirement pyramid that can aid the design of these future technologies. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {mastersthesis}
}
Living in a world of demographic change means that aging societies will to a higher extend deal with mobility issues, chronic illnesses, and fall risks. Smart home technologies are increasingly considered in healthcare and could help alleviate the dilemma of people wanting to remain autonomous and independent while growing older. Under the lens of Clarke’s Situational Analysis, this paper explores how health smart homes for the elderly are co-constructed on the platforms of Scopus and Twitter. Using both Big Data and Thick Data, silent voices in the discourse around this technology are uncovered in order to understand how far the innovation of smart homes is aligned with the needs of its users. The main finding of this research paper shows that the field around health smart homes for the elderly is still in its early stages and the needs and concerns of elderly people are not yet considered enough. In order to design smart health homes for the elderly, the researchers propose a requirement pyramid that can aid the design of these future technologies.
283.
Morales, Manuel
Industrial symbiosis, a model of strong sustainability : an analysis of two case studies, Tampico and Dunkirk Masters Thesis
Université Clermont Auvergne, 2019, (HAL Id : tel-02639298 , version 1).
@mastersthesis{Morales2019,
title = {Industrial symbiosis, a model of strong sustainability : an analysis of two case studies, Tampico and Dunkirk},
author = {Manuel Morales},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-21},
school = {Université Clermont Auvergne},
abstract = {Industrial symbiosis (IS) is presented as an inter-firm organizational strategy with the aim of social innovation that targets material and energy flow optimization, but also structural sustainability. In this study, we present systems thinking and geographical proximity as the theoretical framework used to analyze industrial symbiosis through a methodology based on System Dynamics and the underpinning use of Causal Loop Diagrams, aiming to identify the main drivers and hindrances that reinforce or balance the industrial symbiosis’s sustainability. The understanding of industrial symbiosis is embedded in a theoretical framework that conceptualizes industry as a complex ecosystem in which qualitative and quantitative approaches can be integrated, if we use a methodology flexible enough to encompass the complexity of the stakeholder’s values and motivations in the same analysis. Furthermore, the methodology performs a comparative strength over descriptive statistical forecasting, because it is able to integrate social causal rationality when estimating attractiveness in a region or individual firm’s potential. The stakeholders’ influence becomes essential to the complex understanding of this institution, because by shaping individual behavior in a social context, industrial symbiosis provides a degree of cooperation in order to overcome social dilemmas for actors like the tension between efficiency/resilience, who cannot be achieved by their own. The proposed narrative encourages us to draw up scenarios, integrating variables from different motivational value in the industrial symbiosis. We use the Altamira and the Dunkirk case studies to explain the role of geographical systems analysis, identifying loops that reinforce or regulate the sustainability of industrial symbiosis, and three drivers: “Efficiency/Resilience dilemma”, “Industrial symbiosis governance”, and “The role of global recycling networks in the by-product valorization”. The social dimension integration in the analysis of a complex system is indeed applied to enhance the understanding of IS dynamics, but a great potential is foreseen for other micro-level social systems like for example urban metabolism dynamics or bio-economy. },
note = {HAL Id : tel-02639298 , version 1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {mastersthesis}
}
Industrial symbiosis (IS) is presented as an inter-firm organizational strategy with the aim of social innovation that targets material and energy flow optimization, but also structural sustainability. In this study, we present systems thinking and geographical proximity as the theoretical framework used to analyze industrial symbiosis through a methodology based on System Dynamics and the underpinning use of Causal Loop Diagrams, aiming to identify the main drivers and hindrances that reinforce or balance the industrial symbiosis’s sustainability. The understanding of industrial symbiosis is embedded in a theoretical framework that conceptualizes industry as a complex ecosystem in which qualitative and quantitative approaches can be integrated, if we use a methodology flexible enough to encompass the complexity of the stakeholder’s values and motivations in the same analysis. Furthermore, the methodology performs a comparative strength over descriptive statistical forecasting, because it is able to integrate social causal rationality when estimating attractiveness in a region or individual firm’s potential. The stakeholders’ influence becomes essential to the complex understanding of this institution, because by shaping individual behavior in a social context, industrial symbiosis provides a degree of cooperation in order to overcome social dilemmas for actors like the tension between efficiency/resilience, who cannot be achieved by their own. The proposed narrative encourages us to draw up scenarios, integrating variables from different motivational value in the industrial symbiosis. We use the Altamira and the Dunkirk case studies to explain the role of geographical systems analysis, identifying loops that reinforce or regulate the sustainability of industrial symbiosis, and three drivers: “Efficiency/Resilience dilemma”, “Industrial symbiosis governance”, and “The role of global recycling networks in the by-product valorization”. The social dimension integration in the analysis of a complex system is indeed applied to enhance the understanding of IS dynamics, but a great potential is foreseen for other micro-level social systems like for example urban metabolism dynamics or bio-economy.
Online
284.
Gauld, Christophe
Mining big data about representations of autism spectrum disorder : a comparison from Twitter to PubMed, a TwiMed proof-of-concept Online
2019.
@online{Gauld2019b,
title = {Mining big data about representations of autism spectrum disorder : a comparison from Twitter to PubMed, a TwiMed proof-of-concept},
author = {Christophe Gauld},
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337289960_Mining_big_data_about_representations_of_autism_spectrum_disorder_a_comparison_from_Twitter_to_PubMed_a_TwiMed_proof-of-concept},
doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.20575.61604},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-11-15},
abstract = {Aim: Twitter is the most commonly used social media forum in public health and is considered the radio of the internet. Many health providers utilize this media to disseminate health information. Patient use of social media for mental health topics encourages providers to disseminate quality information and to develop virtual collaborative learning environments. Such social media could also be seen as a reflection of a trend towards folk psychology. This study explored trends in health information exchanged by users of Twitter, a broad social media, through analyses of tweets about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This proxy of trends in folk psychology could be compared semantically with the corpus derived from biomedical research. Methods: At first, we conducted a text-mining analysis with a sample of 10,000 tweets posted using #autism, by a text-mining method. We built a network of words in order to extract the main dimensions about these data (Latent Dirichlet Analysis). Second, we performed a geocoding analysis to create a Twitter maps of social media tweet and checked the regularity of tweets in the short and medium term. In parallel, we performed a text-mining analysis using the platform PubMed with the term « autis* », and we built networks of words. For each of them, we extracted the main dimensions from the terms. Results: We were able to retrieve 121,556 terms related to the term #autism. Most tweets focus on five dimensions: (1) Education, (2) Childhood, (3) Environment/Relatives, (4) Techniques/Sciences and (5) Support. Concerning the most researched topics in the biomedical research, on 49,021 publications, we found four dimensions: (I) Clinical/Neuropsychology/Psychometry, (II) Behavioral/Language aspects, (III) Neuroscience/Neurogenetics/Neuropharmacology, (IV) Comorbidities. Conclusion: Results suggest thematics about ASD disseminated between a social media and a biomedical database are really different. Health providers are encouraged to establish a presence on social media to learn about representations, share scholarly work or just exchange information with patients and relatives concerned by ASD.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
Aim: Twitter is the most commonly used social media forum in public health and is considered the radio of the internet. Many health providers utilize this media to disseminate health information. Patient use of social media for mental health topics encourages providers to disseminate quality information and to develop virtual collaborative learning environments. Such social media could also be seen as a reflection of a trend towards folk psychology. This study explored trends in health information exchanged by users of Twitter, a broad social media, through analyses of tweets about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This proxy of trends in folk psychology could be compared semantically with the corpus derived from biomedical research. Methods: At first, we conducted a text-mining analysis with a sample of 10,000 tweets posted using #autism, by a text-mining method. We built a network of words in order to extract the main dimensions about these data (Latent Dirichlet Analysis). Second, we performed a geocoding analysis to create a Twitter maps of social media tweet and checked the regularity of tweets in the short and medium term. In parallel, we performed a text-mining analysis using the platform PubMed with the term « autis* », and we built networks of words. For each of them, we extracted the main dimensions from the terms. Results: We were able to retrieve 121,556 terms related to the term #autism. Most tweets focus on five dimensions: (1) Education, (2) Childhood, (3) Environment/Relatives, (4) Techniques/Sciences and (5) Support. Concerning the most researched topics in the biomedical research, on 49,021 publications, we found four dimensions: (I) Clinical/Neuropsychology/Psychometry, (II) Behavioral/Language aspects, (III) Neuroscience/Neurogenetics/Neuropharmacology, (IV) Comorbidities. Conclusion: Results suggest thematics about ASD disseminated between a social media and a biomedical database are really different. Health providers are encouraged to establish a presence on social media to learn about representations, share scholarly work or just exchange information with patients and relatives concerned by ASD.
285.
Kara, Atakan; Voll, Corinna; Nissen, Rasmus
Mapping Energy Technology : A supply of energy is crucial for human demands, but how do we extract, manage and access it? Online
2019.
@online{nokey,
title = {Mapping Energy Technology : A supply of energy is crucial for human demands, but how do we extract, manage and access it?},
author = {Atakan Kara and Corinna Voll and Rasmus Nissen},
url = {https://medium.com/@atakankaraa/mapping-energy-technology-85605a494488},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-02-26},
abstract = {Energy use for human plans and programs have contributed to global climate change and related crises, which in turn are impacting human relation to energy. As such, not only are new methods of energy generation, distribution and storage emerging; but also bringing along with them new modes of technical innovation and social organization.
While some of these technologies prioritize quickly securing the energy supply for humans when faced with environmental adversity (such as fracking, nuclear power…), others focus on environmental regeneration and limiting human impact on nature (such as renewable energies). Furthermore, these developments expand and warp ways in which energy is socially, politically, economically organized. Struggles about prioritization, expertise and boundaries appear which make energy technology controversial.
We want to better understand the shape of this controversy. In order to do so, we investigate the landscape of energy technology on a public open source medium. Wikipedia provides us good starting point to dive into the different themes, conflicts and shifts related to energy technology. The results of our investigation and mapping compel us to pursue the debates taking place in this realm further. Through investigating Scopus, we delve deeper into the controversy and uncover the debates in the scientific community surrounding the currently most prominent field in energy technology: renewable energy. Within the field, the controversy surrounding the methods of distribution, generation and storage of energy proved interesting, as well as the questions of efficiency and reliability which were linked externally to ‘clean’ nuclear energy.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
Energy use for human plans and programs have contributed to global climate change and related crises, which in turn are impacting human relation to energy. As such, not only are new methods of energy generation, distribution and storage emerging; but also bringing along with them new modes of technical innovation and social organization.
While some of these technologies prioritize quickly securing the energy supply for humans when faced with environmental adversity (such as fracking, nuclear power…), others focus on environmental regeneration and limiting human impact on nature (such as renewable energies). Furthermore, these developments expand and warp ways in which energy is socially, politically, economically organized. Struggles about prioritization, expertise and boundaries appear which make energy technology controversial.
We want to better understand the shape of this controversy. In order to do so, we investigate the landscape of energy technology on a public open source medium. Wikipedia provides us good starting point to dive into the different themes, conflicts and shifts related to energy technology. The results of our investigation and mapping compel us to pursue the debates taking place in this realm further. Through investigating Scopus, we delve deeper into the controversy and uncover the debates in the scientific community surrounding the currently most prominent field in energy technology: renewable energy. Within the field, the controversy surrounding the methods of distribution, generation and storage of energy proved interesting, as well as the questions of efficiency and reliability which were linked externally to ‘clean’ nuclear energy.
While some of these technologies prioritize quickly securing the energy supply for humans when faced with environmental adversity (such as fracking, nuclear power…), others focus on environmental regeneration and limiting human impact on nature (such as renewable energies). Furthermore, these developments expand and warp ways in which energy is socially, politically, economically organized. Struggles about prioritization, expertise and boundaries appear which make energy technology controversial.
We want to better understand the shape of this controversy. In order to do so, we investigate the landscape of energy technology on a public open source medium. Wikipedia provides us good starting point to dive into the different themes, conflicts and shifts related to energy technology. The results of our investigation and mapping compel us to pursue the debates taking place in this realm further. Through investigating Scopus, we delve deeper into the controversy and uncover the debates in the scientific community surrounding the currently most prominent field in energy technology: renewable energy. Within the field, the controversy surrounding the methods of distribution, generation and storage of energy proved interesting, as well as the questions of efficiency and reliability which were linked externally to ‘clean’ nuclear energy.
286.
Hasselbalch, Marie; Mayntzhusen, Trine Christensen
Mapping Controversy: vaccine controversies Online
2019, visited: 05.03.2019.
@online{Hasselbalch2019,
title = {Mapping Controversy: vaccine controversies},
author = {Marie Hasselbalch and Trine Christensen Mayntzhusen},
url = {https://medium.com/mapping-controversy-vaccine-controversies/mapping-controversy-vaccine-controversies-vaccine-hesitancy-1-hand-in-39c761aefa80},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-02-15},
urldate = {2019-03-05},
journal = {Medium},
abstract = {The controversy on vaccines is a controversy because of its embedded value based, ethical and cultural arguments (Law, J. & Singleton, V., 2014). The key issues include both scientific discussions on whether or not scientific results are valid, more specifically an example of the controversy of the Mumps, Measles and Rubella vaccine (MMR) and its relation to cause autism in children. As well as dissemination of specific arguments for or against vaccines from a broad perspective. The nuances of vaccine controversies are not only revolving around the bilateral relation of pro- and anti-vaccination, because the controversy exists of many sub-controversies and subdiscussions. This shows a controversy of high complexity and being reduction-resistant (Venturini, T., 2010a).
(Vaccine hesitancy, 2018). This controversy is mapped through an actor-network theory (ANT) approach; thus an actor is whatever makes a difference through action in a situation, human or non-human (Venturini, T., 2010a). An example of a significant actor in this specific controversy could be Andrew Wakefield, an anti-vaccine activist and former British doctor, who has had a great impact on the issue about vaccine hesitancy and connection between MMR and autism.
The first part of this article will revolve around data harvesting of a Wikipedia category and the member pages, and different networks and visualisations of these with annotations. The second half will focus on how debates on a social media platform communicate about vaccine controversies, here specifically Reddit. We would like to map how different networks occur in the vaccine controversy debate. Besides, explore the key issues and actors in the debate on vaccine controversies on both Wikipedia’s category pages (under ‘Vaccine Controversies’) and Reddit as a social media platform.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
The controversy on vaccines is a controversy because of its embedded value based, ethical and cultural arguments (Law, J. & Singleton, V., 2014). The key issues include both scientific discussions on whether or not scientific results are valid, more specifically an example of the controversy of the Mumps, Measles and Rubella vaccine (MMR) and its relation to cause autism in children. As well as dissemination of specific arguments for or against vaccines from a broad perspective. The nuances of vaccine controversies are not only revolving around the bilateral relation of pro- and anti-vaccination, because the controversy exists of many sub-controversies and subdiscussions. This shows a controversy of high complexity and being reduction-resistant (Venturini, T., 2010a).
(Vaccine hesitancy, 2018). This controversy is mapped through an actor-network theory (ANT) approach; thus an actor is whatever makes a difference through action in a situation, human or non-human (Venturini, T., 2010a). An example of a significant actor in this specific controversy could be Andrew Wakefield, an anti-vaccine activist and former British doctor, who has had a great impact on the issue about vaccine hesitancy and connection between MMR and autism.
The first part of this article will revolve around data harvesting of a Wikipedia category and the member pages, and different networks and visualisations of these with annotations. The second half will focus on how debates on a social media platform communicate about vaccine controversies, here specifically Reddit. We would like to map how different networks occur in the vaccine controversy debate. Besides, explore the key issues and actors in the debate on vaccine controversies on both Wikipedia’s category pages (under ‘Vaccine Controversies’) and Reddit as a social media platform.
(Vaccine hesitancy, 2018). This controversy is mapped through an actor-network theory (ANT) approach; thus an actor is whatever makes a difference through action in a situation, human or non-human (Venturini, T., 2010a). An example of a significant actor in this specific controversy could be Andrew Wakefield, an anti-vaccine activist and former British doctor, who has had a great impact on the issue about vaccine hesitancy and connection between MMR and autism.
The first part of this article will revolve around data harvesting of a Wikipedia category and the member pages, and different networks and visualisations of these with annotations. The second half will focus on how debates on a social media platform communicate about vaccine controversies, here specifically Reddit. We would like to map how different networks occur in the vaccine controversy debate. Besides, explore the key issues and actors in the debate on vaccine controversies on both Wikipedia’s category pages (under ‘Vaccine Controversies’) and Reddit as a social media platform.
287.
Barbier, Marc; Cointet, Jean-Philippe
2019.
@online{Barbier2019,
title = {Using the CorTexT-Risis Platform for Research in Science-Policy-Studies and Science-Technology-Studies},
author = {Marc Barbier and Jean-Philippe Cointet},
url = {https://zenodo.org/records/2560351
},
doi = {https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.2560350},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-02-08},
abstract = {The objective of the course is to introduce participants to the uses of the RISIS.CorTexT platform, a research facility in S&T Studies proposed under the RISIS Infrastructure Project. Thanks to short lectures, demos, workshop and practical training participants should get enough skills to develop research work on various types of Data Base that trace science and innovation dynamics. Existing RISIS databases will be mobilized (like Patstat, Web of Science, Corporate Invention Board, EUPRO and others) and possibly other datasets that participants could bring.
The course will focus on three majors inputs:
• An overall view of the scientific and technological landscape of platforms of Digital Humanities and a synthesis of the key heuristics that ground the Platform.
• A step by step demonstration of how to use the CorTexT.Risis Platform
• A learning-by-doing approach of using the various potentialities of the RISIS.CorTexT platform.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
The objective of the course is to introduce participants to the uses of the RISIS.CorTexT platform, a research facility in S&T Studies proposed under the RISIS Infrastructure Project. Thanks to short lectures, demos, workshop and practical training participants should get enough skills to develop research work on various types of Data Base that trace science and innovation dynamics. Existing RISIS databases will be mobilized (like Patstat, Web of Science, Corporate Invention Board, EUPRO and others) and possibly other datasets that participants could bring.
The course will focus on three majors inputs:
• An overall view of the scientific and technological landscape of platforms of Digital Humanities and a synthesis of the key heuristics that ground the Platform.
• A step by step demonstration of how to use the CorTexT.Risis Platform
• A learning-by-doing approach of using the various potentialities of the RISIS.CorTexT platform.
The course will focus on three majors inputs:
• An overall view of the scientific and technological landscape of platforms of Digital Humanities and a synthesis of the key heuristics that ground the Platform.
• A step by step demonstration of how to use the CorTexT.Risis Platform
• A learning-by-doing approach of using the various potentialities of the RISIS.CorTexT platform.
288.
Helmond, Anne; van der Vlist, Fernando; Weltevrede, Esther; Geiger, Taylor; van Zeeland, Ine; Stefanija, Ana Pop; Ibanez, Fernanda; Wolny, Julia
Medicate or Meditate; the App Store’s Solutions for Anxiety and Stress Online
(DMI), The Digital Methods Initiative (Ed.): 2019, visited: 12.01.2019.
@online{Helmond2019,
title = {Medicate or Meditate; the App Store’s Solutions for Anxiety and Stress},
author = {Anne Helmond and Fernando van der Vlist and Esther Weltevrede and Taylor Geiger and Ine van Zeeland and Ana Pop Stefanija and Fernanda Ibanez and Julia Wolny},
editor = {The Digital Methods Initiative (DMI)},
url = {https://digitalmethods.net/Dmi/SummerSchool2018AppStoresBiasMedicateMeditate},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-12},
urldate = {2019-01-12},
abstract = {The number of mobile health (mHealth) apps is rising in an unprecedented manner, and as the American Psychiatric Association notes: “Psychiatry and mental health are no exception, and there are thousands of apps targeting mental health conditions that are directly available for patients to download and use today.” [1] However, there is very little review or oversight for these apps, and as a consequence, users of these apps can receive incorrect or ineffective advice, while the mental health effects of using the apps are often overstated by their developers.
Smartphones are turning into an epistemological device, we turn to them for solutions. When you detect an issue, you turn to your smartphone to find out more. Nearly half of the queries in Google Play Store are broad searches by topic [2] (rather than specific searches for a particular app), showing that users generally turn to their smartphone app store for relevant solutions to broad issues.
When it comes to regular Google search, according to Noble (2018: 155): “In practice, the higher a web page is ranked, the more it is trusted. Unlike the vetting of journalists and librarians, who are entrusted to fact check and curate information for the public according to professional codes of ethics, the legitimacy of websites’ ranking and credibility is simply taken for granted.” Similar to website search results ranking, users accord a certain degree of authority to relevance rankings in app stores, meaning that the order and ranking presented by app stores confers some sort of recommendation to the apps based on the app store’s search results presentation.
In an attempt to make the app store affordances work for them, app developers engage in app store optimization (ASO), trying to end up highly in an app store's search results. With millions of apps available in the bigger app stores, like Google’s (>3 million apps) and Apple’s (>2 million apps), the possibility of a particular app being found is dropping. Common ASO tactics that developers deploy to improve discoverability among millions of other apps, are focused on finding popular keywords to include in the app’s name and subtitle, its ID, and its description.
The growing number of mental health apps, many of which undoubtedly engage in ASO, raises a number of questions: How is mental health represented in the Google Play Store and the Apple App Store? Which solutions does a smartphone user find for mental health issues in these app stores? How do technologists look at the issue of mental health? Which tactics are developers deploying to rank higher? What solutions do they promise and can they deliver? This study addresses these questions by exploring the sphere of mental health apps in the two biggest app stores, focusing on store-mediated ‘relatedness’ between apps and recommendations in the app stores. We glean how the app search engine and how it is manipulated influence what users will find. Lastly, we gauge what kinds of solutions users are presented with when they search for mental health issues.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
The number of mobile health (mHealth) apps is rising in an unprecedented manner, and as the American Psychiatric Association notes: “Psychiatry and mental health are no exception, and there are thousands of apps targeting mental health conditions that are directly available for patients to download and use today.” [1] However, there is very little review or oversight for these apps, and as a consequence, users of these apps can receive incorrect or ineffective advice, while the mental health effects of using the apps are often overstated by their developers.
Smartphones are turning into an epistemological device, we turn to them for solutions. When you detect an issue, you turn to your smartphone to find out more. Nearly half of the queries in Google Play Store are broad searches by topic [2] (rather than specific searches for a particular app), showing that users generally turn to their smartphone app store for relevant solutions to broad issues.
When it comes to regular Google search, according to Noble (2018: 155): “In practice, the higher a web page is ranked, the more it is trusted. Unlike the vetting of journalists and librarians, who are entrusted to fact check and curate information for the public according to professional codes of ethics, the legitimacy of websites’ ranking and credibility is simply taken for granted.” Similar to website search results ranking, users accord a certain degree of authority to relevance rankings in app stores, meaning that the order and ranking presented by app stores confers some sort of recommendation to the apps based on the app store’s search results presentation.
In an attempt to make the app store affordances work for them, app developers engage in app store optimization (ASO), trying to end up highly in an app store's search results. With millions of apps available in the bigger app stores, like Google’s (>3 million apps) and Apple’s (>2 million apps), the possibility of a particular app being found is dropping. Common ASO tactics that developers deploy to improve discoverability among millions of other apps, are focused on finding popular keywords to include in the app’s name and subtitle, its ID, and its description.
The growing number of mental health apps, many of which undoubtedly engage in ASO, raises a number of questions: How is mental health represented in the Google Play Store and the Apple App Store? Which solutions does a smartphone user find for mental health issues in these app stores? How do technologists look at the issue of mental health? Which tactics are developers deploying to rank higher? What solutions do they promise and can they deliver? This study addresses these questions by exploring the sphere of mental health apps in the two biggest app stores, focusing on store-mediated ‘relatedness’ between apps and recommendations in the app stores. We glean how the app search engine and how it is manipulated influence what users will find. Lastly, we gauge what kinds of solutions users are presented with when they search for mental health issues.
Smartphones are turning into an epistemological device, we turn to them for solutions. When you detect an issue, you turn to your smartphone to find out more. Nearly half of the queries in Google Play Store are broad searches by topic [2] (rather than specific searches for a particular app), showing that users generally turn to their smartphone app store for relevant solutions to broad issues.
When it comes to regular Google search, according to Noble (2018: 155): “In practice, the higher a web page is ranked, the more it is trusted. Unlike the vetting of journalists and librarians, who are entrusted to fact check and curate information for the public according to professional codes of ethics, the legitimacy of websites’ ranking and credibility is simply taken for granted.” Similar to website search results ranking, users accord a certain degree of authority to relevance rankings in app stores, meaning that the order and ranking presented by app stores confers some sort of recommendation to the apps based on the app store’s search results presentation.
In an attempt to make the app store affordances work for them, app developers engage in app store optimization (ASO), trying to end up highly in an app store's search results. With millions of apps available in the bigger app stores, like Google’s (>3 million apps) and Apple’s (>2 million apps), the possibility of a particular app being found is dropping. Common ASO tactics that developers deploy to improve discoverability among millions of other apps, are focused on finding popular keywords to include in the app’s name and subtitle, its ID, and its description.
The growing number of mental health apps, many of which undoubtedly engage in ASO, raises a number of questions: How is mental health represented in the Google Play Store and the Apple App Store? Which solutions does a smartphone user find for mental health issues in these app stores? How do technologists look at the issue of mental health? Which tactics are developers deploying to rank higher? What solutions do they promise and can they deliver? This study addresses these questions by exploring the sphere of mental health apps in the two biggest app stores, focusing on store-mediated ‘relatedness’ between apps and recommendations in the app stores. We glean how the app search engine and how it is manipulated influence what users will find. Lastly, we gauge what kinds of solutions users are presented with when they search for mental health issues.
PhD Theses
289.
Milia, Matías Federico
Energy as a Horizon. A Study of the Evolution of a Global Research Area on Renewable Energies and its Specificities in Mexico and Argentina between 1992 and 2016. PhD Thesis
Flacso, México, 2019, (ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8474-5373).
@phdthesis{Milia2019,
title = {Energy as a Horizon. A Study of the Evolution of a Global Research Area on Renewable Energies and its Specificities in Mexico and Argentina between 1992 and 2016.},
author = {Matías Federico Milia},
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350358514_Global_trends_local_threads_The_Thematic_Orientation_of_Renewable_Energy_Research_in_Mexico_and_Argentina_between_1992_and_2016
},
doi = {/10.5530/jscires.10.1.x},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-09-01},
urldate = {2019-09-01},
school = {Flacso, México},
abstract = {Scientific research has been thought of as a major tool to face the great challenges of our time. By stressing the role of concepts as governance technologies that mediate between science and society, this thesis builds on the emergence and consolidation of a research area around the concept of Renewable Energies. It focuses on the time span that goes from 1992 to 2016, a 26-year period where a climate governance scheme has emerged and given a global relevance to the quest for new forms of energy. Building on the analysis of scientific literature, it takes special attention to the different ways researchers all over the world have interpreted this same concept. It highlights two national cases, namely Argentina and México, stressing how these two Latin-American countries have inserted themselves in a global scenario. At the same time, it takes special attention to the national specificities of their own enterprises. Using methods from computational social sciences, it analyses the ways that social relevance has been constructed on parliamentary debates and national press. This work shows how different thematic clusters develop around the concept of renewables and how they evolve over time and take mainly national particularities. It builds conclusions from a theoretical and methodological point of view by problematizing the current knowledge production regime, its growing strategic bias and the ways that new knowledge production frames can be thought of when facing future-oriented questions.},
note = {ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8474-5373},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
Scientific research has been thought of as a major tool to face the great challenges of our time. By stressing the role of concepts as governance technologies that mediate between science and society, this thesis builds on the emergence and consolidation of a research area around the concept of Renewable Energies. It focuses on the time span that goes from 1992 to 2016, a 26-year period where a climate governance scheme has emerged and given a global relevance to the quest for new forms of energy. Building on the analysis of scientific literature, it takes special attention to the different ways researchers all over the world have interpreted this same concept. It highlights two national cases, namely Argentina and México, stressing how these two Latin-American countries have inserted themselves in a global scenario. At the same time, it takes special attention to the national specificities of their own enterprises. Using methods from computational social sciences, it analyses the ways that social relevance has been constructed on parliamentary debates and national press. This work shows how different thematic clusters develop around the concept of renewables and how they evolve over time and take mainly national particularities. It builds conclusions from a theoretical and methodological point of view by problematizing the current knowledge production regime, its growing strategic bias and the ways that new knowledge production frames can be thought of when facing future-oriented questions.
290.
Rabinovich, Joel
The Profit-Investment Puzzle under Financialisation : An empirical enquiry on financial and productive accumulation by non-financial corporations PhD Thesis
Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019, (HAL Id : tel-02957676 , version 1).
@phdthesis{Rabinovich2019,
title = {The Profit-Investment Puzzle under Financialisation : An empirical enquiry on financial and productive accumulation by non-financial corporations},
author = {Joel Rabinovich},
url = {https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02957676},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-07-09},
urldate = {2019-07-09},
school = {Université Sorbonne Paris Cité},
abstract = {This thesis studies the different strategies that have allowed listed non-financial corporations to remain profitable while investing less and increasingly distributing funds to shareholders under financialisation. This feeble link between profitability and investment is usually denominated as the profit-investment puzzle. Part 1 of this thesis locates historically and theoretically this puzzle. Whereas the financialisation literature has generally been limited to show the negative effects of the distribution of funds to share holders for capital expenditures, we show that the coexistence of high levels of profits (and payouts) with low levels of investment was possible due to the simultaneous engagement of these non-financial corporations in other activities. Part 2 examines one type of answer that we denominate the financial turn of accumulation. The solution to the puzzle in this case implies a shift in the activities of NFCs to financial accumulation and profits. However, throughout this part we provide substantive evidence that rejects this alternative. Part 3 of the thesis moves away from financial accumulation and directs towards the realm of the productive sphere by focusing on production offshoring and intangible accumulation. This part, contrary to the previous one, provides strong and promising results in the explanation of the puzzle.},
note = {HAL Id : tel-02957676 , version 1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
This thesis studies the different strategies that have allowed listed non-financial corporations to remain profitable while investing less and increasingly distributing funds to shareholders under financialisation. This feeble link between profitability and investment is usually denominated as the profit-investment puzzle. Part 1 of this thesis locates historically and theoretically this puzzle. Whereas the financialisation literature has generally been limited to show the negative effects of the distribution of funds to share holders for capital expenditures, we show that the coexistence of high levels of profits (and payouts) with low levels of investment was possible due to the simultaneous engagement of these non-financial corporations in other activities. Part 2 examines one type of answer that we denominate the financial turn of accumulation. The solution to the puzzle in this case implies a shift in the activities of NFCs to financial accumulation and profits. However, throughout this part we provide substantive evidence that rejects this alternative. Part 3 of the thesis moves away from financial accumulation and directs towards the realm of the productive sphere by focusing on production offshoring and intangible accumulation. This part, contrary to the previous one, provides strong and promising results in the explanation of the puzzle.
291.
Bareille, François
Gestion agricole des services écosystémiques : éclairages à partir de l’économie de la production et de l’économie de l’environnement PhD Thesis
2019, (HAL Id: tel-02140626).
@phdthesis{Bareille2019,
title = {Gestion agricole des services écosystémiques : éclairages à partir de l’économie de la production et de l’économie de l’environnement},
author = {François Bareille},
url = {https://theses.hal.science/tel-02140626v1},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-05-27},
abstract = {The thesis aims to study both theoretically and empirically the management of ecosystem services by the farmers from the perspective of the economic theory. The concept of ecosystem services is an interdisciplinary concept that refers to "the services that nature offers to human for free". The economic literature has mainly investigated this concept in measuring the value of these services, with few attention to the behavior of agents modifying these services. The thesis is divided into two parts.
In the first part, I study both the supply and the demand for the productive ecosystem services (for example, pollination or biological control) by analyzing the behavior of farmers, considered as potential agroecosystem managers. Inspired by the literature on landscape ecology, I introduce biodiversity indicators that are function of land-use into existing models from
agricultural production economics literature. This reunion provides a unified theoretical model for analyzing farmers' choices regarding the management of productive ecosystem services.
The empirical works consists in estimating all or parts of this theoretical model. My main contribution to the literature is to prove, based on the farmers' observed behavior, that farmers do manage productive ecosystem services. I bring other elements to the literature, notably by providing new insights on the agricultural technology when productive ecosystem services are considered, or by showing that collective management of productive ecosystem services can only rarely arise spontaneously in real landscapes where farmers are heterogeneous.
In the second part, I study the demand for the jointly provided public goods by the farmers’ modification of ecosystem service flows, i.e. I study the specificities of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers (in the sense of Engel et al., 2008). In particular, I study the role of the geographic scale of the demand for the design of agri-environmental policy. Indeed, if local public goods influence the welfare of the agents within a defined geographical
area (e.g., the improvement of water quality by maintaining a wetland upstream of a treatment plant), global public goods can influence the welfare of all agents (e.g., the carbon sequestration into the soil of a wetland). In this part, I apply the framework of several literatures developed in environmental economics (for example, the literature on environmental federalism or on the "distance-decay") to the specificities of the environmental services provided by farmers; in particular, I integrate that the environmental service provided by a farmer affects the supply of multiple public goods in most cases, the demand for these public goods arising at different geographical scales. I contribute to the literature by showing that, although most of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers is captured locally (at the municipal level), some of the demand is captured by larger and farer areas. This has implications for the governance and the design of agri-environmental policies, which I explore through two examples: the reduction of pesticide application and the maintenance of agricultural wetlands.
La thèse étudie théoriquement et empiriquement la gestion des services écosystémiques par les agriculteurs sous l’angle de la théorie économique. Le concept de services écosystémiques est un concept interdisciplinaire désignant « les services qu’offrent gratuitement la nature à l’homme ». La littérature économique s’est principalement emparée de la question de la mesure de la valeur de ces services, en s’intéressant peu ou prou aux comportements des agents
modifiant ces services. La thèse se divise en deux parties.
Dans la première partie, je m’intéresse à l’offre et à la demande de service écosystémique productifs (par exemple, la pollinisation ou le contrôle biologique) en analysant le comportement des agriculteurs, considérés comme de potentiels gestionnaires des agroécosystèmes. Inspiré par la littérature en écologie du paysage, j’introduis des indicateurs de biodiversité dépendant des assolements dans des modèles existants issus de la littérature en économie de la production appliquée à l’agriculture. Ce rapprochement fournit un modèle théorique unifié où l’on peut analyser les choix des agriculteurs vis-à-vis des services écosystémiques productifs. Les travaux empiriques développés par la suite consistent à estimer toute ou partie de ce modèle théorique. Ma principale contribution à la littérature est de prouver, à partir de l’analyse des comportements observés des agriculteurs, que les agriculteurs gèrent consciemment les services écosystémiques productifs. J’apporte d’autres éléments à la littérature, en fournissant notamment des éléments importants sur la technologie agricole lorsque les services écosystémiques productifs sont considérés, ou en montrant que la gestion collective des services écosystémiques productifs ne peut que rarement émergée spontanément
dans des paysages réels où les agriculteurs sont hétérogènes.
Dans la deuxième partie, je m’intéresse à la demande pour les biens publics fournis conjointement par les agriculteurs via la modification des flux de services écosystémiques, i.e. je m’intéresse à la demande pour les services environnementaux fournis par les agriculteurs (au sens de Engel et al., 2008). En particulier, j’étudie le rôle de l’échelle géographique de la demande sur la conception de politique agro-environnementale. En effet, si les biens publics locaux vont influencer le bien-être des agents au sein d’une zone géographique délimitée (e.g. amélioration de la qualité de l’eau en maintenant une zone humide en amont d’une station de traitement), les biens publics globaux peuvent influencer le bien-être de l’ensemble des agents (e.g. séquestration du carbone dans une zone humide). Dans cette partie, j’applique les cadres
d’analyse de plusieurs littératures développées en économie de l’environnement (par exemple, la littérature sur le fédéralisme environnemental ou sur le « distance-decay ») aux spécificités des services environnementaux fournis par l’agriculture ; en particulier, le service environnemental fourni par un agriculteur influe le plus souvent sur la fourniture de multiple biens publics, biens publics dont l’échelle de la demande diffèrent. Je contribue à la littérature en montrant que, bien que la plupart de la demande pour les services environnementaux fournis par les agriculteurs soit capturée localement (à l’échelle de la municipalité), une partie de la demande s’exprime à des échelles plus importantes. Cela a des implications pour la gouvernance et la conception des politiques agroenvironnementales, que j’explore à travers deux exemples : la réduction de l’application des pesticides et le maintien des zones humides agricoles.},
note = {HAL Id: tel-02140626},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
The thesis aims to study both theoretically and empirically the management of ecosystem services by the farmers from the perspective of the economic theory. The concept of ecosystem services is an interdisciplinary concept that refers to "the services that nature offers to human for free". The economic literature has mainly investigated this concept in measuring the value of these services, with few attention to the behavior of agents modifying these services. The thesis is divided into two parts.
In the first part, I study both the supply and the demand for the productive ecosystem services (for example, pollination or biological control) by analyzing the behavior of farmers, considered as potential agroecosystem managers. Inspired by the literature on landscape ecology, I introduce biodiversity indicators that are function of land-use into existing models from
agricultural production economics literature. This reunion provides a unified theoretical model for analyzing farmers' choices regarding the management of productive ecosystem services.
The empirical works consists in estimating all or parts of this theoretical model. My main contribution to the literature is to prove, based on the farmers' observed behavior, that farmers do manage productive ecosystem services. I bring other elements to the literature, notably by providing new insights on the agricultural technology when productive ecosystem services are considered, or by showing that collective management of productive ecosystem services can only rarely arise spontaneously in real landscapes where farmers are heterogeneous.
In the second part, I study the demand for the jointly provided public goods by the farmers’ modification of ecosystem service flows, i.e. I study the specificities of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers (in the sense of Engel et al., 2008). In particular, I study the role of the geographic scale of the demand for the design of agri-environmental policy. Indeed, if local public goods influence the welfare of the agents within a defined geographical
area (e.g., the improvement of water quality by maintaining a wetland upstream of a treatment plant), global public goods can influence the welfare of all agents (e.g., the carbon sequestration into the soil of a wetland). In this part, I apply the framework of several literatures developed in environmental economics (for example, the literature on environmental federalism or on the "distance-decay") to the specificities of the environmental services provided by farmers; in particular, I integrate that the environmental service provided by a farmer affects the supply of multiple public goods in most cases, the demand for these public goods arising at different geographical scales. I contribute to the literature by showing that, although most of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers is captured locally (at the municipal level), some of the demand is captured by larger and farer areas. This has implications for the governance and the design of agri-environmental policies, which I explore through two examples: the reduction of pesticide application and the maintenance of agricultural wetlands.
La thèse étudie théoriquement et empiriquement la gestion des services écosystémiques par les agriculteurs sous l’angle de la théorie économique. Le concept de services écosystémiques est un concept interdisciplinaire désignant « les services qu’offrent gratuitement la nature à l’homme ». La littérature économique s’est principalement emparée de la question de la mesure de la valeur de ces services, en s’intéressant peu ou prou aux comportements des agents
modifiant ces services. La thèse se divise en deux parties.
Dans la première partie, je m’intéresse à l’offre et à la demande de service écosystémique productifs (par exemple, la pollinisation ou le contrôle biologique) en analysant le comportement des agriculteurs, considérés comme de potentiels gestionnaires des agroécosystèmes. Inspiré par la littérature en écologie du paysage, j’introduis des indicateurs de biodiversité dépendant des assolements dans des modèles existants issus de la littérature en économie de la production appliquée à l’agriculture. Ce rapprochement fournit un modèle théorique unifié où l’on peut analyser les choix des agriculteurs vis-à-vis des services écosystémiques productifs. Les travaux empiriques développés par la suite consistent à estimer toute ou partie de ce modèle théorique. Ma principale contribution à la littérature est de prouver, à partir de l’analyse des comportements observés des agriculteurs, que les agriculteurs gèrent consciemment les services écosystémiques productifs. J’apporte d’autres éléments à la littérature, en fournissant notamment des éléments importants sur la technologie agricole lorsque les services écosystémiques productifs sont considérés, ou en montrant que la gestion collective des services écosystémiques productifs ne peut que rarement émergée spontanément
dans des paysages réels où les agriculteurs sont hétérogènes.
Dans la deuxième partie, je m’intéresse à la demande pour les biens publics fournis conjointement par les agriculteurs via la modification des flux de services écosystémiques, i.e. je m’intéresse à la demande pour les services environnementaux fournis par les agriculteurs (au sens de Engel et al., 2008). En particulier, j’étudie le rôle de l’échelle géographique de la demande sur la conception de politique agro-environnementale. En effet, si les biens publics locaux vont influencer le bien-être des agents au sein d’une zone géographique délimitée (e.g. amélioration de la qualité de l’eau en maintenant une zone humide en amont d’une station de traitement), les biens publics globaux peuvent influencer le bien-être de l’ensemble des agents (e.g. séquestration du carbone dans une zone humide). Dans cette partie, j’applique les cadres
d’analyse de plusieurs littératures développées en économie de l’environnement (par exemple, la littérature sur le fédéralisme environnemental ou sur le « distance-decay ») aux spécificités des services environnementaux fournis par l’agriculture ; en particulier, le service environnemental fourni par un agriculteur influe le plus souvent sur la fourniture de multiple biens publics, biens publics dont l’échelle de la demande diffèrent. Je contribue à la littérature en montrant que, bien que la plupart de la demande pour les services environnementaux fournis par les agriculteurs soit capturée localement (à l’échelle de la municipalité), une partie de la demande s’exprime à des échelles plus importantes. Cela a des implications pour la gouvernance et la conception des politiques agroenvironnementales, que j’explore à travers deux exemples : la réduction de l’application des pesticides et le maintien des zones humides agricoles.
In the first part, I study both the supply and the demand for the productive ecosystem services (for example, pollination or biological control) by analyzing the behavior of farmers, considered as potential agroecosystem managers. Inspired by the literature on landscape ecology, I introduce biodiversity indicators that are function of land-use into existing models from
agricultural production economics literature. This reunion provides a unified theoretical model for analyzing farmers' choices regarding the management of productive ecosystem services.
The empirical works consists in estimating all or parts of this theoretical model. My main contribution to the literature is to prove, based on the farmers' observed behavior, that farmers do manage productive ecosystem services. I bring other elements to the literature, notably by providing new insights on the agricultural technology when productive ecosystem services are considered, or by showing that collective management of productive ecosystem services can only rarely arise spontaneously in real landscapes where farmers are heterogeneous.
In the second part, I study the demand for the jointly provided public goods by the farmers’ modification of ecosystem service flows, i.e. I study the specificities of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers (in the sense of Engel et al., 2008). In particular, I study the role of the geographic scale of the demand for the design of agri-environmental policy. Indeed, if local public goods influence the welfare of the agents within a defined geographical
area (e.g., the improvement of water quality by maintaining a wetland upstream of a treatment plant), global public goods can influence the welfare of all agents (e.g., the carbon sequestration into the soil of a wetland). In this part, I apply the framework of several literatures developed in environmental economics (for example, the literature on environmental federalism or on the "distance-decay") to the specificities of the environmental services provided by farmers; in particular, I integrate that the environmental service provided by a farmer affects the supply of multiple public goods in most cases, the demand for these public goods arising at different geographical scales. I contribute to the literature by showing that, although most of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers is captured locally (at the municipal level), some of the demand is captured by larger and farer areas. This has implications for the governance and the design of agri-environmental policies, which I explore through two examples: the reduction of pesticide application and the maintenance of agricultural wetlands.
La thèse étudie théoriquement et empiriquement la gestion des services écosystémiques par les agriculteurs sous l’angle de la théorie économique. Le concept de services écosystémiques est un concept interdisciplinaire désignant « les services qu’offrent gratuitement la nature à l’homme ». La littérature économique s’est principalement emparée de la question de la mesure de la valeur de ces services, en s’intéressant peu ou prou aux comportements des agents
modifiant ces services. La thèse se divise en deux parties.
Dans la première partie, je m’intéresse à l’offre et à la demande de service écosystémique productifs (par exemple, la pollinisation ou le contrôle biologique) en analysant le comportement des agriculteurs, considérés comme de potentiels gestionnaires des agroécosystèmes. Inspiré par la littérature en écologie du paysage, j’introduis des indicateurs de biodiversité dépendant des assolements dans des modèles existants issus de la littérature en économie de la production appliquée à l’agriculture. Ce rapprochement fournit un modèle théorique unifié où l’on peut analyser les choix des agriculteurs vis-à-vis des services écosystémiques productifs. Les travaux empiriques développés par la suite consistent à estimer toute ou partie de ce modèle théorique. Ma principale contribution à la littérature est de prouver, à partir de l’analyse des comportements observés des agriculteurs, que les agriculteurs gèrent consciemment les services écosystémiques productifs. J’apporte d’autres éléments à la littérature, en fournissant notamment des éléments importants sur la technologie agricole lorsque les services écosystémiques productifs sont considérés, ou en montrant que la gestion collective des services écosystémiques productifs ne peut que rarement émergée spontanément
dans des paysages réels où les agriculteurs sont hétérogènes.
Dans la deuxième partie, je m’intéresse à la demande pour les biens publics fournis conjointement par les agriculteurs via la modification des flux de services écosystémiques, i.e. je m’intéresse à la demande pour les services environnementaux fournis par les agriculteurs (au sens de Engel et al., 2008). En particulier, j’étudie le rôle de l’échelle géographique de la demande sur la conception de politique agro-environnementale. En effet, si les biens publics locaux vont influencer le bien-être des agents au sein d’une zone géographique délimitée (e.g. amélioration de la qualité de l’eau en maintenant une zone humide en amont d’une station de traitement), les biens publics globaux peuvent influencer le bien-être de l’ensemble des agents (e.g. séquestration du carbone dans une zone humide). Dans cette partie, j’applique les cadres
d’analyse de plusieurs littératures développées en économie de l’environnement (par exemple, la littérature sur le fédéralisme environnemental ou sur le « distance-decay ») aux spécificités des services environnementaux fournis par l’agriculture ; en particulier, le service environnemental fourni par un agriculteur influe le plus souvent sur la fourniture de multiple biens publics, biens publics dont l’échelle de la demande diffèrent. Je contribue à la littérature en montrant que, bien que la plupart de la demande pour les services environnementaux fournis par les agriculteurs soit capturée localement (à l’échelle de la municipalité), une partie de la demande s’exprime à des échelles plus importantes. Cela a des implications pour la gouvernance et la conception des politiques agroenvironnementales, que j’explore à travers deux exemples : la réduction de l’application des pesticides et le maintien des zones humides agricoles.
292.
Perruchas, François
Green Innovation: an empirical analysis of technology, skills and policy PhD Thesis
Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria del Disseny , 2019.
@phdthesis{Perruchas2019,
title = {Green Innovation: an empirical analysis of technology, skills and policy},
author = {François Perruchas},
url = {https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/119965},
doi = {10.4995/Thesis/10251/119965},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-05-22},
urldate = {2019-05-22},
school = {Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria del Disseny },
abstract = {The foreseeable outcomes of the transition towards low-carbon economies are multiple and affect in different ways policy-makers, world regions, firms and consumers. It has long been acknowledged that at the core of this transition stand environmental innovations which are developed to enhance the long-term sustainability of economic growth. The main pillars of this study are two. First, environmental challenges are different, and so are the responses that are needed to tackle them. The main consequence of this is that the current focus on green technology as a homogeneous block of undifferentiated entities is misleading. Second, the adaptation of production and distribution systems is ultimately carried through by human labour and analysing the transition to environmentally sustainable societies requires a thorough understanding of how work activities are designed, implemented and changed to accommodate new policy imperatives and/or new technological opportunities. Empirical evidence on either of these two pillars is scant or fragmented. The present thesis seeks to fill these gaps through the development of a database on green innovations, of a measure of the life cycle of green technologies, and of the corresponding explorations to scrutinize the relation between green technology production, the territories' characteristics and skills' base of labour market over time and space. The dataset is created identifying green patent in PATSTAT 2016a database using ENV-TECH classification (OECD, 2016) and geolocalizing their inventors. The result is a database covering green innovation worldwide from the 19$^{th}$ century to 2015, even if the period studied is smaller: 1970-2010. This dataset permits a first overview of green technologies evolution over time and space, where we can see differences in terms of country evolution and among technologies in terms of complexity, maybe related with the presence of an heteregeneous body of emerging and mature technologies. To explore further this hypothesis, we develop a methodology to measure technology life cycle stages, and we apply it to understand the patterns of evolution of green technology production at country level. We find that capabilities are more important than wealth to diversify in green innovation, and mature green technologies are positively associated with specialization. We continue the exploration of the relation between local capabilities, life cycle and patent activity in US federal states where we discover that green innovation is more associated than innovation in general with the recombination of distant knowledge, especially in early phases of the life cycle. Finally, we investigate at US commuting zones level the effects of public procurement on green innovation, taking into account local capabilities again, but using labour market skills instead of knowledge recombination variety. We find that green public procurement has a positive and significant effect, in particular in territories with an important share of abstract skills in labour population.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
The foreseeable outcomes of the transition towards low-carbon economies are multiple and affect in different ways policy-makers, world regions, firms and consumers. It has long been acknowledged that at the core of this transition stand environmental innovations which are developed to enhance the long-term sustainability of economic growth. The main pillars of this study are two. First, environmental challenges are different, and so are the responses that are needed to tackle them. The main consequence of this is that the current focus on green technology as a homogeneous block of undifferentiated entities is misleading. Second, the adaptation of production and distribution systems is ultimately carried through by human labour and analysing the transition to environmentally sustainable societies requires a thorough understanding of how work activities are designed, implemented and changed to accommodate new policy imperatives and/or new technological opportunities. Empirical evidence on either of these two pillars is scant or fragmented. The present thesis seeks to fill these gaps through the development of a database on green innovations, of a measure of the life cycle of green technologies, and of the corresponding explorations to scrutinize the relation between green technology production, the territories' characteristics and skills' base of labour market over time and space. The dataset is created identifying green patent in PATSTAT 2016a database using ENV-TECH classification (OECD, 2016) and geolocalizing their inventors. The result is a database covering green innovation worldwide from the 19$^{th}$ century to 2015, even if the period studied is smaller: 1970-2010. This dataset permits a first overview of green technologies evolution over time and space, where we can see differences in terms of country evolution and among technologies in terms of complexity, maybe related with the presence of an heteregeneous body of emerging and mature technologies. To explore further this hypothesis, we develop a methodology to measure technology life cycle stages, and we apply it to understand the patterns of evolution of green technology production at country level. We find that capabilities are more important than wealth to diversify in green innovation, and mature green technologies are positively associated with specialization. We continue the exploration of the relation between local capabilities, life cycle and patent activity in US federal states where we discover that green innovation is more associated than innovation in general with the recombination of distant knowledge, especially in early phases of the life cycle. Finally, we investigate at US commuting zones level the effects of public procurement on green innovation, taking into account local capabilities again, but using labour market skills instead of knowledge recombination variety. We find that green public procurement has a positive and significant effect, in particular in territories with an important share of abstract skills in labour population.
Technical Reports
293.
Didier, Emmanuel
Les jeux d’acteurs et la quantification des intérêts économiques autour de la gestion des matières et déchets nucléaires Technical Report
2019, (Rapport d’expertise remis à la Commission Nationale du Débat Public dans le cadre du débat sur le Plan National de Gestion des Matières et Déchets Radioactifs.).
@techreport{Didier2019,
title = {Les jeux d’acteurs et la quantification des intérêts économiques autour de la gestion des matières et déchets nucléaires},
author = {Emmanuel Didier},
url = {https://www.debatpublic.fr/sites/default/files/2021-04/Jeux%20d_acteurs%20PNGMDR%20Rapport%20Emmanuel%20Didier.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-11-29},
urldate = {2019-11-29},
abstract = {La Commission nationale du débat public (CNDP) est une autorité administrative indépendante créée en 1995 pour garantir le droit à l'information et à la participation des citoyens dans le domaine de l'environnement. Par une décision du 4 avril 2018, la CNDP a décidé que l’élaboration de la cinquième édition du Plan national de gestion des matières et déchets radioactifs ferait l’objet d’un débat public.
Lors des travaux préparatoires à l’organisation de ce débat public, les associations environnementales auditionnées ont souhaité que le public puisse être éclairé sur le système d’acteurs dans le secteur du nucléaire. Ils ont considéré qu’une étude indépendante était nécessaire pour identifier les intérêts économiques, financiers et sociaux qui influencent leurs positions et décisions. Par décision du 6 février 2019, la Commission nationale du débat public a décidé, sur proposition de la Commission particulière, d’engager une expertise complémentaire sur « les jeux d’acteurs et la quantification des intérêts économiques autour du nucléaire », plus particulièrement autour de la gestion des matières et déchets radioactifs.
L’expert a été missionné le 28 juillet 2019 ; le rapport devant être rendu le 29 novembre de la même année.},
howpublished = {Rapport d’expertise remis à la Commission Nationale du Débat Public dans le cadre du débat sur le Plan National de Gestion des Matières et Déchets Radioactifs.},
note = {Rapport d’expertise remis à la Commission Nationale du Débat Public dans le cadre du débat sur le Plan National de Gestion des Matières et Déchets Radioactifs.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
La Commission nationale du débat public (CNDP) est une autorité administrative indépendante créée en 1995 pour garantir le droit à l'information et à la participation des citoyens dans le domaine de l'environnement. Par une décision du 4 avril 2018, la CNDP a décidé que l’élaboration de la cinquième édition du Plan national de gestion des matières et déchets radioactifs ferait l’objet d’un débat public.
Lors des travaux préparatoires à l’organisation de ce débat public, les associations environnementales auditionnées ont souhaité que le public puisse être éclairé sur le système d’acteurs dans le secteur du nucléaire. Ils ont considéré qu’une étude indépendante était nécessaire pour identifier les intérêts économiques, financiers et sociaux qui influencent leurs positions et décisions. Par décision du 6 février 2019, la Commission nationale du débat public a décidé, sur proposition de la Commission particulière, d’engager une expertise complémentaire sur « les jeux d’acteurs et la quantification des intérêts économiques autour du nucléaire », plus particulièrement autour de la gestion des matières et déchets radioactifs.
L’expert a été missionné le 28 juillet 2019 ; le rapport devant être rendu le 29 novembre de la même année.
Lors des travaux préparatoires à l’organisation de ce débat public, les associations environnementales auditionnées ont souhaité que le public puisse être éclairé sur le système d’acteurs dans le secteur du nucléaire. Ils ont considéré qu’une étude indépendante était nécessaire pour identifier les intérêts économiques, financiers et sociaux qui influencent leurs positions et décisions. Par décision du 6 février 2019, la Commission nationale du débat public a décidé, sur proposition de la Commission particulière, d’engager une expertise complémentaire sur « les jeux d’acteurs et la quantification des intérêts économiques autour du nucléaire », plus particulièrement autour de la gestion des matières et déchets radioactifs.
L’expert a été missionné le 28 juillet 2019 ; le rapport devant être rendu le 29 novembre de la même année.
2018
Journal Articles
294.
Nicot, Rose; Bellon, Stéphane; Loconto, Allison; Ollivier, Guillaume
The European networks of research, education and training stakeholders in agroecology Journal Article
In: Open Agriculture, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 537–552, 2018.
@article{Nicot2018,
title = {The European networks of research, education and training stakeholders in agroecology},
author = {Rose Nicot and Stéphane Bellon and Allison Loconto and Guillaume Ollivier},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2018-0058},
doi = {10.1515/opag-2018-0058},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-12-05},
urldate = {2018-12-05},
journal = {Open Agriculture},
volume = {3},
number = {1},
pages = {537–552},
abstract = {In Europe, agroecology has become the center of many debates that animate political and professional arenas, particularly regarding the definition and scope of the concept itself. This paper attempts to understand the ways that the term agroecology is conceptualized by different participantsparticipants and how these concepts circulate so as to explore the interests at stake in the institutionalization of agroecology within the research and education institutions of Europe. We address the core research question of: what dynamics emerge in the networks of European stakeholders of agroecology? By combining different approaches of institutionalization based on network and discourse analysis, we study the dynamics of research, education and training organizations. We identify 10 different concepts of agroecology, distributed among 103 organizations. The significant difference that has been observed between the agroecological concepts in research and those in education/training emphasizes the gap between these two disciplines. The latter support a more political, transdisciplinary and holistic view of agroecology when compared to the former. Moreover, collaboration among European agroecology stakeholders is limited in both research and education/training. We also found that in most cases, collaboration between scholars does not guarantee a shared notion of agroecology, and conversely, sharing the same notion of agroecology does not assure collaboration. This led us to question the feasibility of institutionalizing agroecology and the missing link between a shared vision and the collective mobilization of stakeholders around a strong agroecology programme.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In Europe, agroecology has become the center of many debates that animate political and professional arenas, particularly regarding the definition and scope of the concept itself. This paper attempts to understand the ways that the term agroecology is conceptualized by different participantsparticipants and how these concepts circulate so as to explore the interests at stake in the institutionalization of agroecology within the research and education institutions of Europe. We address the core research question of: what dynamics emerge in the networks of European stakeholders of agroecology? By combining different approaches of institutionalization based on network and discourse analysis, we study the dynamics of research, education and training organizations. We identify 10 different concepts of agroecology, distributed among 103 organizations. The significant difference that has been observed between the agroecological concepts in research and those in education/training emphasizes the gap between these two disciplines. The latter support a more political, transdisciplinary and holistic view of agroecology when compared to the former. Moreover, collaboration among European agroecology stakeholders is limited in both research and education/training. We also found that in most cases, collaboration between scholars does not guarantee a shared notion of agroecology, and conversely, sharing the same notion of agroecology does not assure collaboration. This led us to question the feasibility of institutionalizing agroecology and the missing link between a shared vision and the collective mobilization of stakeholders around a strong agroecology programme.
295.
Réchauchère, Olivier; Akkari, Monia El; Perchec, Sophie Le; Makowski, David; Gabrielle, Benoît; Bispo, Antonio
An Innovative Methodological Framework for Analyzing Existing Scientific Research on Land-Use Change and Associated Environmental Impacts Journal Article
In: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol. 30, pp. 1-13, 2018.
@article{Réchauchère2018,
title = {An Innovative Methodological Framework for Analyzing Existing Scientific Research on Land-Use Change and Associated Environmental Impacts},
author = {Olivier Réchauchère and Monia El Akkari and Sophie Le Perchec and David Makowski and Benoît Gabrielle and Antonio Bispo},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4_1},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4_1},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-12-04},
urldate = {2018-12-04},
journal = {Sustainable Agriculture Reviews},
volume = { 30},
pages = {1-13},
abstract = {This article describes an original approach to surveying and analyzing the existing body of scientific research on (1) the effects of various forms of reorganization in agriculture, forestry, and spatial planning on land-use change (LUC) and (2) the impacts of that LUC on the environment. Our approach consisted of four principal steps: (i) identification of references using a bibliographic search process; (ii) description of the references’ key features (publication date, journal of publication, etc.); (iii) textual analysis of the articles and identification of thematic sub-groups; (iv) systematic examination of a subset of the corpus using an reading grid followed by an analysis of the results. Our findings show that the majority of publications relating to the environmental impacts of LUC were published after 2000, and amount to a corpus of more than 5700 articles. The scientific journals involved are diverse in nature, with some being general in focus and others more specialized and technical. A lexical analysis performed using the digital platform CorTexT, developed by IFRIS (Institute for Research and Innovation in Society, a research consortium based in the Paris region. http://ifris.org/), enabled us to identify several themes within this corpus, in terms of both the types of reorganizations considered and the types of impacts examined. A more detailed analysis was conducted on a subset of articles dealing with the production of non-food biomass. The results show that, within this sub-group, the environmental impacts most often studied are those relating to climate, soil, and water. Our approach demonstrates the utility of textual analysis as a partially automated method for identifying, in broad outline, the topics addressed within a large-scale corpus. As with a search by keywords, however, this type of textual analysis cannot guarantee that all the articles classed within a category genuinely address the corresponding topic. Among those articles assigned by CorTexT to the sub-group on non-food biomass (1785 articles), the majority proved not relevant to our chosen topic, and only 241 articles were ultimately selected. This selection phase could not be fully automated and required a close reading of titles, abstracts, and often main texts by human experts. The use of precise criteria for selection and a formal reading grid are helpful in limiting the risk of bias and ensuring a level of transparence in the analytical process. Implementation of such an approach is time-consumptive, however, and requires considerable human effort.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article describes an original approach to surveying and analyzing the existing body of scientific research on (1) the effects of various forms of reorganization in agriculture, forestry, and spatial planning on land-use change (LUC) and (2) the impacts of that LUC on the environment. Our approach consisted of four principal steps: (i) identification of references using a bibliographic search process; (ii) description of the references’ key features (publication date, journal of publication, etc.); (iii) textual analysis of the articles and identification of thematic sub-groups; (iv) systematic examination of a subset of the corpus using an reading grid followed by an analysis of the results. Our findings show that the majority of publications relating to the environmental impacts of LUC were published after 2000, and amount to a corpus of more than 5700 articles. The scientific journals involved are diverse in nature, with some being general in focus and others more specialized and technical. A lexical analysis performed using the digital platform CorTexT, developed by IFRIS (Institute for Research and Innovation in Society, a research consortium based in the Paris region. http://ifris.org/), enabled us to identify several themes within this corpus, in terms of both the types of reorganizations considered and the types of impacts examined. A more detailed analysis was conducted on a subset of articles dealing with the production of non-food biomass. The results show that, within this sub-group, the environmental impacts most often studied are those relating to climate, soil, and water. Our approach demonstrates the utility of textual analysis as a partially automated method for identifying, in broad outline, the topics addressed within a large-scale corpus. As with a search by keywords, however, this type of textual analysis cannot guarantee that all the articles classed within a category genuinely address the corresponding topic. Among those articles assigned by CorTexT to the sub-group on non-food biomass (1785 articles), the majority proved not relevant to our chosen topic, and only 241 articles were ultimately selected. This selection phase could not be fully automated and required a close reading of titles, abstracts, and often main texts by human experts. The use of precise criteria for selection and a formal reading grid are helpful in limiting the risk of bias and ensuring a level of transparence in the analytical process. Implementation of such an approach is time-consumptive, however, and requires considerable human effort.
296.
Poletti, Chiara; Michieli, Marco
Smart cities, social media platforms and security: online content regulation as a site of controversy and conflict Journal Article
In: City, Territory and Architecture, vol. 5, no. 20, 2018.
@article{Poletti2018,
title = {Smart cities, social media platforms and security: online content regulation as a site of controversy and conflict},
author = {Chiara Poletti and Marco Michieli},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s40410-018-0096-2},
doi = {10.1186/s40410-018-0096-2},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-13},
urldate = {2018-11-13},
journal = {City, Territory and Architecture},
volume = {5},
number = {20},
abstract = {Smart, technologically managed city-regions are one of the main characteristics of the contemporary world. Since the attack to the Charlie Hebdo offices, city-regions and social media digital technologies have increasingly been changing the definition of ‘territory of security’ and ‘security governance’. What are the characteristics of the security architecture created by the interaction of smart city-regions and digital technologies? Drawing from Actor-Network theory and Science and Technology Studies, we provide an empirical account of the shape of this new territory, by presenting a study of the controversy concerning security and social media in UK, the role of cities in this changed security space, and how social sciences can help better understand and respond to the opportunities and threats of smart cities.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Smart, technologically managed city-regions are one of the main characteristics of the contemporary world. Since the attack to the Charlie Hebdo offices, city-regions and social media digital technologies have increasingly been changing the definition of ‘territory of security’ and ‘security governance’. What are the characteristics of the security architecture created by the interaction of smart city-regions and digital technologies? Drawing from Actor-Network theory and Science and Technology Studies, we provide an empirical account of the shape of this new territory, by presenting a study of the controversy concerning security and social media in UK, the role of cities in this changed security space, and how social sciences can help better understand and respond to the opportunities and threats of smart cities.
297.
Birkbak, Andreas
Shitstorms, bobler eller sags-orienterede offentligheder? Digitale metoder og kontroverser på sociale medier Journal Article
In: Dansk Sociologi, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 37-61, 2018, ISSN: 0905-5908.
@article{Birkbak2018,
title = {Shitstorms, bobler eller sags-orienterede offentligheder? Digitale metoder og kontroverser på sociale medier},
author = {Andreas Birkbak},
url = {https://vbn.aau.dk/en/publications/shitstorms-bobler-eller-sags-orienterede-offentligheder-digitale-
https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/284939916/2018_Digitale_metoder_og_kontroverser_pa_sociale_medier.pdf},
doi = {10.22439/dansoc.v29i1.5723},
issn = {0905-5908},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-09-14},
urldate = {2018-09-14},
journal = {Dansk Sociologi},
volume = {29},
number = {1},
pages = {37-61},
abstract = {Kontroversen om planerne for en betalingsring i København afstedkom blandt andet en række sider på Facebook. Eksemplet er ikke enestående: Sociale medier lægger i disse år ofte brugerflade til folkelige protester og kontroverser. Sociologien har med digitale metoder fået en række værktøjer til at indsamle data om dem. Flere af de digitale teknikker er formet af et teoretisk udgangspunkt hos Bruno Latour. Artiklen undersøger hvilke metodiske retningslinjer, der følger af en Latour-inspireret forståelse af politik og demokrati. Først afsøges Latours inspirationskilder i den amerikanske pragmatisme. Dernæst diskuteres Noortje Marres' bud på konsekvenserne for digitale metoder. Endelig analyseres betalingsringskontroversen for at give et eksempel på en undersøgelse med digitale metoder, der tager udgangspunkt i idéen om demokratisk offentlighed som noget, der opstår i anledning af konkrete problematiske sager. Analysen bygger på 4.500 posts og kommentarer fra syv forskellige Facebook-sider om betalingsringen, der opsummeres i en co-word visualisering. Artiklen fremfører, at et Latour-inspireret fokus på sags-orienterede offentligheder tilbyder et interessant alternativ til affejende begreber som shitstorms og ekkokamre, og diskuterer de metodiske udfordringer, som tilgangen medfører for digitale metoder.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Kontroversen om planerne for en betalingsring i København afstedkom blandt andet en række sider på Facebook. Eksemplet er ikke enestående: Sociale medier lægger i disse år ofte brugerflade til folkelige protester og kontroverser. Sociologien har med digitale metoder fået en række værktøjer til at indsamle data om dem. Flere af de digitale teknikker er formet af et teoretisk udgangspunkt hos Bruno Latour. Artiklen undersøger hvilke metodiske retningslinjer, der følger af en Latour-inspireret forståelse af politik og demokrati. Først afsøges Latours inspirationskilder i den amerikanske pragmatisme. Dernæst diskuteres Noortje Marres' bud på konsekvenserne for digitale metoder. Endelig analyseres betalingsringskontroversen for at give et eksempel på en undersøgelse med digitale metoder, der tager udgangspunkt i idéen om demokratisk offentlighed som noget, der opstår i anledning af konkrete problematiske sager. Analysen bygger på 4.500 posts og kommentarer fra syv forskellige Facebook-sider om betalingsringen, der opsummeres i en co-word visualisering. Artiklen fremfører, at et Latour-inspireret fokus på sags-orienterede offentligheder tilbyder et interessant alternativ til affejende begreber som shitstorms og ekkokamre, og diskuterer de metodiske udfordringer, som tilgangen medfører for digitale metoder.
298.
Hoffman, Mark Anthony; Cointet, Jean-Philippe; Brandt, Philipp; Key, Newton; Bearman, Peter
The (Protestant) Bible, the (printed) sermon, and the word(s): The semantic structure of the Conformist and Dissenting Bible, 1660–1780 Journal Article
In: Poetics, vol. 68, pp. 89-103, 2018.
@article{Hoffman2018,
title = {The (Protestant) Bible, the (printed) sermon, and the word(s): The semantic structure of the Conformist and Dissenting Bible, 1660–1780},
author = {Mark Anthony Hoffman and Jean-Philippe Cointet and Philipp Brandt and Newton Key and Peter Bearman},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2017.11.002},
doi = {10.1016/j.poetic.2017.11.002},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-06-01},
urldate = {2018-06-01},
journal = {Poetics},
volume = {68},
pages = {89-103},
abstract = {Using co-occurrence methods for identifying semantic structure in texts, we first describe the structure of the Protestant Bible, focusing on the ways in which contents of the Bible are organized in both the New and Old Testaments. We introduce a strategy for capturing the co-occurrence of nouns and verbs in windows defined by verses that progressively move across the text, from start to finish in a manner similar to reading. We then consider how Dissenters and Conformists used the Bible by locating Biblical verse in sermons printed in England during the period from 1660 to 1780. We describe how chapters are linked by themes over time, by dissenting and conformist religious communities, and map Dissenter and Conformist uses of the Bible onto its semantic structure. We show that it is possible to induce a semantic network image of the Bible, that this structure serves as a skeletal frame for interpretation, thereby highlighting different contents as central to denominations’ religious inspirations and concerns.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Using co-occurrence methods for identifying semantic structure in texts, we first describe the structure of the Protestant Bible, focusing on the ways in which contents of the Bible are organized in both the New and Old Testaments. We introduce a strategy for capturing the co-occurrence of nouns and verbs in windows defined by verses that progressively move across the text, from start to finish in a manner similar to reading. We then consider how Dissenters and Conformists used the Bible by locating Biblical verse in sermons printed in England during the period from 1660 to 1780. We describe how chapters are linked by themes over time, by dissenting and conformist religious communities, and map Dissenter and Conformist uses of the Bible onto its semantic structure. We show that it is possible to induce a semantic network image of the Bible, that this structure serves as a skeletal frame for interpretation, thereby highlighting different contents as central to denominations’ religious inspirations and concerns.
299.
Wezel, Alexander; Goette, Julia; Lagneaux, Elisabeth; Passuello, Gloria; Reisman, Erica; Rodier, Christophe; Turpin, Grégoire
Agroecology in Europe: Research, Education, Collective Action Networks, and Alternative Food Systems Journal Article
In: Sustainability, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 1214, 2018.
@article{Wezel2018b,
title = {Agroecology in Europe: Research, Education, Collective Action Networks, and Alternative Food Systems},
author = {Alexander Wezel and Julia Goette and Elisabeth Lagneaux and Gloria Passuello and Erica Reisman and Christophe Rodier and Grégoire Turpin},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/su10041214},
doi = {10.3390/su10041214},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-04-17},
urldate = {2018-04-17},
journal = {Sustainability},
volume = {10},
number = {4},
pages = {1214},
abstract = {Agroecology is considered with different focus and weight in different parts of the world as a social and political movement, as science, and as practice. Despite its multitude of definitions, agroecology has begun in Europe to develop in different regional, national and continental networks of researchers, practitioners, advocates and movements. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive overview about these different developments and networks. Therefore, this paper attempts to document and provide a mapping of the development of European agroecology in its diverse forms. Through a literature review, interviews, active conference participation, and an extensive internet search we have collected information about the current state and development of agroecology in Europe. Agroecological research and higher education exist more in western and northern Europe, but farm schools and farmer-to-farmer training are also present in other regions. Today a large variety of topics are studied at research institutions. There is an increasing number of bottom-up agroecological initiatives and national or continental networks and movements. Important movements are around food sovereignty, access to land and seeds. Except for France, there are very few concrete policies for agroecology in Europe. Agroecology is increasingly linked to different fields of agri-food systems. This includes Community Supported Agriculture systems, but also agroecological territories, and some examples of labelling products. To amplify agroecology in Europe in the coming years, policy development will be crucial and proponents of agroecology must join forces and work hand-in-hand with the many stakeholders engaged in initiatives to develop more sustainable agriculture and food systems. View Full-Text},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Agroecology is considered with different focus and weight in different parts of the world as a social and political movement, as science, and as practice. Despite its multitude of definitions, agroecology has begun in Europe to develop in different regional, national and continental networks of researchers, practitioners, advocates and movements. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive overview about these different developments and networks. Therefore, this paper attempts to document and provide a mapping of the development of European agroecology in its diverse forms. Through a literature review, interviews, active conference participation, and an extensive internet search we have collected information about the current state and development of agroecology in Europe. Agroecological research and higher education exist more in western and northern Europe, but farm schools and farmer-to-farmer training are also present in other regions. Today a large variety of topics are studied at research institutions. There is an increasing number of bottom-up agroecological initiatives and national or continental networks and movements. Important movements are around food sovereignty, access to land and seeds. Except for France, there are very few concrete policies for agroecology in Europe. Agroecology is increasingly linked to different fields of agri-food systems. This includes Community Supported Agriculture systems, but also agroecological territories, and some examples of labelling products. To amplify agroecology in Europe in the coming years, policy development will be crucial and proponents of agroecology must join forces and work hand-in-hand with the many stakeholders engaged in initiatives to develop more sustainable agriculture and food systems. View Full-Text
300.
Munk, Anders Kristian
Genanvendt: Et kritisk tilbageblik på digitale metoders konsekvenser for kontroverskortlægningen Journal Article
In: Tema: Digitale metoder, vol. 29, no. 1, 2018.
@article{Munk2018,
title = {Genanvendt: Et kritisk tilbageblik på digitale metoders konsekvenser for kontroverskortlægningen},
author = {Anders Kristian Munk},
url = {https://rauli.cbs.dk/index.php/dansksociologi/article/view/5722/6370},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.22439/dansoc.v29i1.5722},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-04-04},
urldate = {2018-04-04},
journal = {Tema: Digitale metoder},
volume = {29},
number = {1},
abstract = {Digitale metoders centrale postulat er, at vi kan genanvende nettets medier til at sige noget om samfundet i øvrigt. Det gælder ikke mindst indenfor kontroverskortlægningen,hvor digitale medier er blevet væsentlige skuepladser for diskussioner om ny viden og teknologi. Begrebet genanvendelse synes at indebære, at en eksisterende metodisk og analytisk tradition finder nye måder at bruge nogle redskaber på. Vi kan således have en tendens til at spørge, hvordan kontroverskortlægningen har fundet nye anvendelser for værktøjer til eksempelvis mønstergenkendelse eller automatiseret tekstanalyse. I denne artikel argumenterer jeg for, at vi bør stille spørgsmålet om genanvendelse anderledes. Efter 15 år i tæt parløb med nettets indfødte medier og metoder kan vi konstatere, at det også er kontroverskortlægningen selv, der har forandret sig; at det i nogen grad også er den metodiske og analytiske tradition, der er blevet genanvendt til nye formål og i sine nye redskabers billede.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Digitale metoders centrale postulat er, at vi kan genanvende nettets medier til at sige noget om samfundet i øvrigt. Det gælder ikke mindst indenfor kontroverskortlægningen,hvor digitale medier er blevet væsentlige skuepladser for diskussioner om ny viden og teknologi. Begrebet genanvendelse synes at indebære, at en eksisterende metodisk og analytisk tradition finder nye måder at bruge nogle redskaber på. Vi kan således have en tendens til at spørge, hvordan kontroverskortlægningen har fundet nye anvendelser for værktøjer til eksempelvis mønstergenkendelse eller automatiseret tekstanalyse. I denne artikel argumenterer jeg for, at vi bør stille spørgsmålet om genanvendelse anderledes. Efter 15 år i tæt parløb med nettets indfødte medier og metoder kan vi konstatere, at det også er kontroverskortlægningen selv, der har forandret sig; at det i nogen grad også er den metodiske og analytiske tradition, der er blevet genanvendt til nye formål og i sine nye redskabers billede.
301.
Matos, Fábio L; Ross, Steve W; ann ida Huvenne, Veerle; Davies, Jaime; Cunha, Marina R
Canyons pride and prejudice: Exploring the submarine canyon research landscape, a history of geographic and thematic bias Journal Article
In: Progress in Oceanography, 2018.
@article{matos2018canyons,
title = {Canyons pride and prejudice: Exploring the submarine canyon research landscape, a history of geographic and thematic bias},
author = {Fábio L Matos and Steve W Ross and Veerle ann ida Huvenne and Jaime Davies and Marina R Cunha},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2018.04.010},
doi = {10.1016/j.pocean.2018.04.010},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Progress in Oceanography},
publisher = {Elsevier},
abstract = {We mapped submarine canyon research using a scientometric approach to define and characterize its scientific landscape based on a comprehensive bibliographic dataset. The abundance of studies covering structural and functional aspects of submarine canyons allowed us to identify the existing knowledge clusters, historical trends, and emergent topics in canyon research. Our analysis documented a network of knowledge clusters of which four were particularly relevant: a strong cluster on “Geology & Geophysics”, well established since the beginnings of canyon research; a cluster on “Biology & Ecology” that gained strength primarily over the past two to three decades; a cluster on “Oceanographic Processes” which occupied a central position in the network and connected strongly to almost all the other clusters and especially to the fourth main cluster on “Modelling”. A smaller, but also well connected, cluster on “Biogeochemistry” related closely to “Biology & Ecology”, and three other small clusters (“Sedimentology”, “Sediments & Tidal Currents”, “Canyon Sampling”) bridged the main clusters. Finally, we identified three small, but specific satellite clusters (“Oil & Gas”, “Chemosynthetic Communities”, “Molecular & Symbionts”). The high-level structure of the knowledge network reflects a latent interdisciplinarity in canyon research. However, the evolution of the research lines over the past nine decades suggests that this pattern arose mostly in the new millennium. Emergent research topics in the last decade also reveal a concern regarding anthropogenic impacts and climate-driven processes. Our results also show a well implemented and international collaboration network, although research efforts have been mainly directed towards only a few canyon systems. A geographical and thematic bias also characterizes canyon research, with specific topics addressed preferentially in particular canyons by different leading research institutions. This spatial and thematic bias, together with the paucity of truly inter-disciplinary studies, may be the most important limitation to integrated knowledge and development in canyon research and hinders a global, more comprehensive understanding of canyon patterns and processes. The scientific landscape mapping and the complementary results are made available as an open and interactive platform that canyon stakeholders can use as a tool to identify knowledge gaps, to find key players in the global collaboration network and to facilitate planning of future research in submarine canyons.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
We mapped submarine canyon research using a scientometric approach to define and characterize its scientific landscape based on a comprehensive bibliographic dataset. The abundance of studies covering structural and functional aspects of submarine canyons allowed us to identify the existing knowledge clusters, historical trends, and emergent topics in canyon research. Our analysis documented a network of knowledge clusters of which four were particularly relevant: a strong cluster on “Geology & Geophysics”, well established since the beginnings of canyon research; a cluster on “Biology & Ecology” that gained strength primarily over the past two to three decades; a cluster on “Oceanographic Processes” which occupied a central position in the network and connected strongly to almost all the other clusters and especially to the fourth main cluster on “Modelling”. A smaller, but also well connected, cluster on “Biogeochemistry” related closely to “Biology & Ecology”, and three other small clusters (“Sedimentology”, “Sediments & Tidal Currents”, “Canyon Sampling”) bridged the main clusters. Finally, we identified three small, but specific satellite clusters (“Oil & Gas”, “Chemosynthetic Communities”, “Molecular & Symbionts”). The high-level structure of the knowledge network reflects a latent interdisciplinarity in canyon research. However, the evolution of the research lines over the past nine decades suggests that this pattern arose mostly in the new millennium. Emergent research topics in the last decade also reveal a concern regarding anthropogenic impacts and climate-driven processes. Our results also show a well implemented and international collaboration network, although research efforts have been mainly directed towards only a few canyon systems. A geographical and thematic bias also characterizes canyon research, with specific topics addressed preferentially in particular canyons by different leading research institutions. This spatial and thematic bias, together with the paucity of truly inter-disciplinary studies, may be the most important limitation to integrated knowledge and development in canyon research and hinders a global, more comprehensive understanding of canyon patterns and processes. The scientific landscape mapping and the complementary results are made available as an open and interactive platform that canyon stakeholders can use as a tool to identify knowledge gaps, to find key players in the global collaboration network and to facilitate planning of future research in submarine canyons.
302.
Akkari, Monia El; Sandoval, Mélanie; Perchec, Sophie Le; Réchauchère, Olivier
Textual Analysis of Published Research Articles on the Environmental Impacts of Land-Use Change Journal Article
In: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol. 30, pp. 15-38, 2018.
@article{Akkari2018,
title = {Textual Analysis of Published Research Articles on the Environmental Impacts of Land-Use Change},
author = {Monia El Akkari and Mélanie Sandoval and Sophie Le Perchec and Olivier Réchauchère},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4_2},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4_2},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
journal = { Sustainable Agriculture Reviews},
volume = {30},
pages = {15-38},
abstract = {Regardless of the scale considered, land use is determined by a variety of factors relating to both local soil and climatic conditions and socioeconomic considerations (population growth, food and energy requirements, public policies, etc.). Changes in land use resulting from shifts in these factors over time will have environmental consequences. We conducted a review of the scientific literature to identify the degree to which environmental assessments take direct and indirect land-use change into account. A textual analysis was completed on a collection of 5730 scientific articles, published between 1975 and 2015 and listed in the WoS™ database, addressing the relationship between reorganizations of agricultural and forestry systems, or spatial planning, direct and indirect land-use change resulting from these reorganizations; and environmental impacts. By identifying the most frequently used words or groups of words within this corpus (focusing on the title, abstract, and keywords fields), the textual analysis platform CorTexT Manager (Platform developed by IFRIS (the Institute for Research and Innovation in Society, based in the Paris region) assembles diagrams, or “maps,” of occurrence and co-occurrence for these terms, which can then be used to identify the principal themes addressed in the corpus based on clusters of proximate keywords. Eight clusters were so identified: two focused on climate change and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems (thus corresponding both to an aspect of the biophysical context and an environmental impact linked to a reorganization); one associated a reorganization (biofuel production) with a dominant environmental impact (the effects of greenhouse gas emissions); three were centered on keywords related to other types of reorganizations (urbanization, grassland management, forestry management); and two focused on environmental impacts on biodiversity and water resources. The five “thematic identifiers” showing the highest number of occurrences were greenhouse gas emission, land-use policy, biofuel, farm system, and pasture land, suggesting that the theme “GHG impacts of biofuel production” is the most prevalent. A more detailed textual analysis of articles in the cluster relating to non-food biomass production (1785 articles) was also conducted, and confirmed the growing importance, notably since 2005–2006, of research linking the bioenergy production, land-use change, and climate impacts from greenhouse gas emissions. Reorganizations toward non-food biomass production also help explain the presence of degraded lands among the most frequently occurring terms in the corpus. Life-cycle analysis is the most important assessment methodology used to evaluate the environmental impacts of bioenergy production.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Regardless of the scale considered, land use is determined by a variety of factors relating to both local soil and climatic conditions and socioeconomic considerations (population growth, food and energy requirements, public policies, etc.). Changes in land use resulting from shifts in these factors over time will have environmental consequences. We conducted a review of the scientific literature to identify the degree to which environmental assessments take direct and indirect land-use change into account. A textual analysis was completed on a collection of 5730 scientific articles, published between 1975 and 2015 and listed in the WoS™ database, addressing the relationship between reorganizations of agricultural and forestry systems, or spatial planning, direct and indirect land-use change resulting from these reorganizations; and environmental impacts. By identifying the most frequently used words or groups of words within this corpus (focusing on the title, abstract, and keywords fields), the textual analysis platform CorTexT Manager (Platform developed by IFRIS (the Institute for Research and Innovation in Society, based in the Paris region) assembles diagrams, or “maps,” of occurrence and co-occurrence for these terms, which can then be used to identify the principal themes addressed in the corpus based on clusters of proximate keywords. Eight clusters were so identified: two focused on climate change and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems (thus corresponding both to an aspect of the biophysical context and an environmental impact linked to a reorganization); one associated a reorganization (biofuel production) with a dominant environmental impact (the effects of greenhouse gas emissions); three were centered on keywords related to other types of reorganizations (urbanization, grassland management, forestry management); and two focused on environmental impacts on biodiversity and water resources. The five “thematic identifiers” showing the highest number of occurrences were greenhouse gas emission, land-use policy, biofuel, farm system, and pasture land, suggesting that the theme “GHG impacts of biofuel production” is the most prevalent. A more detailed textual analysis of articles in the cluster relating to non-food biomass production (1785 articles) was also conducted, and confirmed the growing importance, notably since 2005–2006, of research linking the bioenergy production, land-use change, and climate impacts from greenhouse gas emissions. Reorganizations toward non-food biomass production also help explain the presence of degraded lands among the most frequently occurring terms in the corpus. Life-cycle analysis is the most important assessment methodology used to evaluate the environmental impacts of bioenergy production.
303.
Makowski, David
Mapping the Evidence on the Environmental Impacts of Land-Use Change for Non-food Biomass Production Journal Article
In: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol. 30, pp. 227-236, 2018.
@article{Makowski2018,
title = {Mapping the Evidence on the Environmental Impacts of Land-Use Change for Non-food Biomass Production},
author = {David Makowski},
url = {https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02904528
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4.pdf#page=237},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4_10},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Sustainable Agriculture Reviews},
volume = {30},
pages = {227-236},
abstract = {The environmental impact of land-use change for biomass production is controversial, and it is crucial to provide stakeholders with a reliable description of the existing evidence on this topic. In this paper, we use an emerging research synthesis method called “evidence mapping” to summarize the main characteristics of 241 studies in a graphical user-friendly format. Results showed that most of the reviewed studies were located in Northern and Southern Americas, especially in USA and Brazil. A majority of studies focused on 1G and 2G biofuel, and on electricity production. The impacts on greenhouse gas emission, soil carbon content, soil erosion, water consumption, and water eutrophication were frequently assessed in the selected group of studies. The evidence maps produced in this paper revealed that only few studies were conducted to analyse the environmental impact of Land use change for methane production, for wood production, and for the chemical industry. Only few studies assessed the impact on biodiversity, on air quality, on human health, and on waste induced by land-use changes for biomass production. Our results thus highlight major gaps of knowledge and future research needs on the land-use-mediated implications of the bioeconomy.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The environmental impact of land-use change for biomass production is controversial, and it is crucial to provide stakeholders with a reliable description of the existing evidence on this topic. In this paper, we use an emerging research synthesis method called “evidence mapping” to summarize the main characteristics of 241 studies in a graphical user-friendly format. Results showed that most of the reviewed studies were located in Northern and Southern Americas, especially in USA and Brazil. A majority of studies focused on 1G and 2G biofuel, and on electricity production. The impacts on greenhouse gas emission, soil carbon content, soil erosion, water consumption, and water eutrophication were frequently assessed in the selected group of studies. The evidence maps produced in this paper revealed that only few studies were conducted to analyse the environmental impact of Land use change for methane production, for wood production, and for the chemical industry. Only few studies assessed the impact on biodiversity, on air quality, on human health, and on waste induced by land-use changes for biomass production. Our results thus highlight major gaps of knowledge and future research needs on the land-use-mediated implications of the bioeconomy.
Proceedings Articles
304.
Virlon, Bérangère; Bith, Tiphaine; de Leon Escribano, Rosa Mariana; Dupuis, Julie; Fort, Yves
Open Data on ANR-funded research: a valuable resource to explore impact pathways in research funding Proceedings Article
In: STI 2018 Conference Proceedings, 2018.
@inproceedings{Virlon2018,
title = {Open Data on ANR-funded research: a valuable resource to explore impact pathways in research funding},
author = {Bérangère Virlon and Tiphaine Bith and Rosa Mariana de Leon Escribano and Julie Dupuis and Yves Fort},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/1887/65365},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-09-11},
booktitle = {STI 2018 Conference Proceedings},
volume = {2018},
abstract = {ANR is the French national research agency founded in 2005 and responsible for the project-based research funding. It operates under the authority of the Ministry in charge of Research and Innovation and has to implement the national research strategy. In compliance with the growing need for « open science », in order (i) to give a better visibility to ANR-funded research, and (ii) to create a favourable environment for studying and generating research-based impacts, the agency recently embraced and fostered « open access » and « open data » practices. ANR notably encourages the principal investigators to deposit their publications in an open archive, requires grant holders and applicants to prepare a Data Management Plan, and ensures the circulation of data and knowledge on public grants by providing data for each funded project in standardized formats to facilitate their broad and easy use. In the present poster, we will first describe the type of data made available to the public which provides detailed information on the projects grants funded by ANR from 2005 to 2017.Using three proof-of-principle examples, we also illustrate how this data could be exploited and investigated, at different levels (institutions, PIs and research themes) to study the impacts of ANR on the national scientific production.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
ANR is the French national research agency founded in 2005 and responsible for the project-based research funding. It operates under the authority of the Ministry in charge of Research and Innovation and has to implement the national research strategy. In compliance with the growing need for « open science », in order (i) to give a better visibility to ANR-funded research, and (ii) to create a favourable environment for studying and generating research-based impacts, the agency recently embraced and fostered « open access » and « open data » practices. ANR notably encourages the principal investigators to deposit their publications in an open archive, requires grant holders and applicants to prepare a Data Management Plan, and ensures the circulation of data and knowledge on public grants by providing data for each funded project in standardized formats to facilitate their broad and easy use. In the present poster, we will first describe the type of data made available to the public which provides detailed information on the projects grants funded by ANR from 2005 to 2017.Using three proof-of-principle examples, we also illustrate how this data could be exploited and investigated, at different levels (institutions, PIs and research themes) to study the impacts of ANR on the national scientific production.
305.
Brossard, Ludovic; Dourmad, Jean-Yves; Bernard, Emilie
Analyse rétrospective sur 50 ans de publications aux Journées de la Recherche Porcine Proceedings Article
In: 50. Journées de la Recherche Porcine, Paris, France, 2018.
@inproceedings{Brossard2018,
title = {Analyse rétrospective sur 50 ans de publications aux Journées de la Recherche Porcine},
author = {Ludovic Brossard and Jean-Yves Dourmad and Emilie Bernard},
url = {https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02736979
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02736979/document},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-02-01},
booktitle = {50. Journées de la Recherche Porcine},
address = {Paris, France},
series = {Journées de la Recherche Porcine},
abstract = {Organisées conjointement par l'lfip et l'Inra, les Journées de la Recherche Porcine (JRP) ont été créées en 1969. Leur objectif est de fournir une tribune pour la diffusion rapide et rigoureuse des résultats des recherches en cours auprès des acteurs de la filière porcine. Ce congrès annuel permet aux acteurs de la recherche publique et privée, française, européenne, voire mondiale, de présenter leurs résultats sur des sujets traitant d'économie, santé animale, conduite d'élevage, bien-être animal, alimentation, environnement, logement, reproduction, génétique, qualité des produits, etc. Nous présentons ici une analyse bibliographique fondée sur les titres et les noms des auteurs des publications présentées lors de ces journées de 1969 à 2017. L'objectif est de dresser un panorama des sujets ayant animé la recherche porcine durant ces 50 années, ainsi que des acteurs de cette recherche. Une base de données (corpus) de ces communications a été créée. Ce corpus contient les informations des champs année, titre, session, auteur. L'affiliation est également disponible pour une partie d'entre eux. Cet article illustre l' évolution de ce corpus sur le nombre de communications, leur session, leur type et le nombre d'auteurs. Des outils d'analyse textuelle et de visualisation de réseaux ont été utilisés pour identifier de façon automatique des groupes thématiques. Ils ont été appliqués sur les données des champs titre et auteur du corpus. Entre 1969 et 2017, les JRP ont rassemblé 2 689 publications, avec une moyenne de 55 communications par an. Ces publications se répartissent ainsi : 1 902 textes standards (associées à une communication orale de 10 minutes), 279 synthèses (associées à une communication orale de 20 minutes) et 508 communications affichées (les posters ayant fait leur apparition en 2007). Un réseau de co-publication sur le champ auteur éclaire les liens entre affiliations des auteurs et leurs thématiques principales. Les cartes thématiques des mots du titre mettent en évidence l'évolution des sujets qui ont animé la recherche porcine au cours de ces cinquante dernières années. La variété des sujets, en phase avec les attentes de la filière, et la rigueur scientifique pour les traiter, font des JRP un rendez -vous reconnu, considéré comme une référence en France et en Europe. Les JRP vont continuer à évoluer dans la lignée des précédentes éditions, en veillant à se faire le témoin des attentes et des questionnements de la filière, mais aussi en apportant un éclairage scientifique rigoureux sur les évolutions à venir.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Organisées conjointement par l'lfip et l'Inra, les Journées de la Recherche Porcine (JRP) ont été créées en 1969. Leur objectif est de fournir une tribune pour la diffusion rapide et rigoureuse des résultats des recherches en cours auprès des acteurs de la filière porcine. Ce congrès annuel permet aux acteurs de la recherche publique et privée, française, européenne, voire mondiale, de présenter leurs résultats sur des sujets traitant d'économie, santé animale, conduite d'élevage, bien-être animal, alimentation, environnement, logement, reproduction, génétique, qualité des produits, etc. Nous présentons ici une analyse bibliographique fondée sur les titres et les noms des auteurs des publications présentées lors de ces journées de 1969 à 2017. L'objectif est de dresser un panorama des sujets ayant animé la recherche porcine durant ces 50 années, ainsi que des acteurs de cette recherche. Une base de données (corpus) de ces communications a été créée. Ce corpus contient les informations des champs année, titre, session, auteur. L'affiliation est également disponible pour une partie d'entre eux. Cet article illustre l' évolution de ce corpus sur le nombre de communications, leur session, leur type et le nombre d'auteurs. Des outils d'analyse textuelle et de visualisation de réseaux ont été utilisés pour identifier de façon automatique des groupes thématiques. Ils ont été appliqués sur les données des champs titre et auteur du corpus. Entre 1969 et 2017, les JRP ont rassemblé 2 689 publications, avec une moyenne de 55 communications par an. Ces publications se répartissent ainsi : 1 902 textes standards (associées à une communication orale de 10 minutes), 279 synthèses (associées à une communication orale de 20 minutes) et 508 communications affichées (les posters ayant fait leur apparition en 2007). Un réseau de co-publication sur le champ auteur éclaire les liens entre affiliations des auteurs et leurs thématiques principales. Les cartes thématiques des mots du titre mettent en évidence l'évolution des sujets qui ont animé la recherche porcine au cours de ces cinquante dernières années. La variété des sujets, en phase avec les attentes de la filière, et la rigueur scientifique pour les traiter, font des JRP un rendez -vous reconnu, considéré comme une référence en France et en Europe. Les JRP vont continuer à évoluer dans la lignée des précédentes éditions, en veillant à se faire le témoin des attentes et des questionnements de la filière, mais aussi en apportant un éclairage scientifique rigoureux sur les évolutions à venir.
Masters Theses
306.
Pan, Ying-Ling
Understanding the message functions in health communication, promotion and pubic engagement on Twitter: An exploratory analysis of the SunSmart campaign Masters Thesis
University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands, 2018.
@mastersthesis{Pan2018,
title = {Understanding the message functions in health communication, promotion and pubic engagement on Twitter: An exploratory analysis of the SunSmart campaign},
author = {Ying-Ling Pan},
url = {https://essay.utwente.nl/76515/1/Pan_BA_faculty.pdf},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-08-31},
address = {Enschede, the Netherlands},
school = {University of Twente},
abstract = {Background. As the mortality of skin cancer has risen rapidly over the recent decades, skin health organisations largely use social media as a communication tool to promote health campaigns and encourage participation. However, little is known about the specific approach to foster engagement via tweets as a form of health communication and promote health campaigns to engage the public. By focusing on the SunSmart skin health campaign on Twitter, this study aims to investigate how the communication during the campaign is characterised in terms of the functions of messages, to what extent the use of these messages can create public engagement, and how message contents play out among the functions. Methodology. By focusing on the SunSmart health campaign on Twitter, this study adopts a multi-method approach. First, a descriptive statistical analysis is used to understand whether levels of engagement among types of usersand message functions differ. Second, Natural Language Processing(NLP) is adopted for developing a codebook in which four message functions manifested from the SunSmart data are identified. Third, content analysis is used to manually classify each tweet to different user types and message functions. Last, by using Natural Language Processing(NLP) and the hashtag visualisation the matic analysis, we further explore whether the composition of content (i.e., keywords & thematic topics) among message functions differ. Results. Using the 2014 SunSmart health campaign on Twitter as an empirical context and on the basis of comparison between individuals and organisations(i.e.,the public), results show that individual users are more engaged in the SunSmart campaign on Twitter than organisations did. In addition, we find the levels of engagement among the four main message functions between individuals and organisations differ. At the content level, results show that utilisation of keywords and thematic topics among different message functions generally differ among individuals and organisations. Contributions. This study offers contributions to research on media studies, health communication, and health campaign marketing. Practically, the results provides with insight on strategic health communication and marketing campaigns.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {mastersthesis}
}
Background. As the mortality of skin cancer has risen rapidly over the recent decades, skin health organisations largely use social media as a communication tool to promote health campaigns and encourage participation. However, little is known about the specific approach to foster engagement via tweets as a form of health communication and promote health campaigns to engage the public. By focusing on the SunSmart skin health campaign on Twitter, this study aims to investigate how the communication during the campaign is characterised in terms of the functions of messages, to what extent the use of these messages can create public engagement, and how message contents play out among the functions. Methodology. By focusing on the SunSmart health campaign on Twitter, this study adopts a multi-method approach. First, a descriptive statistical analysis is used to understand whether levels of engagement among types of usersand message functions differ. Second, Natural Language Processing(NLP) is adopted for developing a codebook in which four message functions manifested from the SunSmart data are identified. Third, content analysis is used to manually classify each tweet to different user types and message functions. Last, by using Natural Language Processing(NLP) and the hashtag visualisation the matic analysis, we further explore whether the composition of content (i.e., keywords & thematic topics) among message functions differ. Results. Using the 2014 SunSmart health campaign on Twitter as an empirical context and on the basis of comparison between individuals and organisations(i.e.,the public), results show that individual users are more engaged in the SunSmart campaign on Twitter than organisations did. In addition, we find the levels of engagement among the four main message functions between individuals and organisations differ. At the content level, results show that utilisation of keywords and thematic topics among different message functions generally differ among individuals and organisations. Contributions. This study offers contributions to research on media studies, health communication, and health campaign marketing. Practically, the results provides with insight on strategic health communication and marketing campaigns.
307.
Theel, Mandy
Digital Nomadism as an extension of new media work: Travelling between ideology and practice Masters Thesis
University of Amsterdam, 2018.
@mastersthesis{Theel2018,
title = {Digital Nomadism as an extension of new media work: Travelling between ideology and practice},
author = {Mandy Theel},
url = {https://scripties.uba.uva.nl/search?id=record_24483},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-07-28},
urldate = {2018-07-28},
school = {University of Amsterdam},
abstract = {In a world where technology intertwines increasingly with everyday life and work, the traditional career fades into the background and work how we know it is transformed. The structural organisation and subjective perception of work are moving towards new notions of freedom and nomadism while new labour forms arise. This thesis is a journey into the world of Digital Nomads, their imagination and implementation of a new kind of work practice. The research aims to examine the changing notion of work in new media industries caused by technological and societal developments. Through the lens of a mixed methods approach using digital methods in a quantitative content analysis and qualitative semi-structured interviews, the study analyses the values and practices of Digital Nomads.The movement of Digital Nomadism will be regarded from a new media perspective where it proves to extend the existing understanding of the new media work practices. The thesis provides a model based on discourse analysis that contrasts the ideology and practice of this work and lifestyle. Moreover, it contributes new insights into the changing notion of work proposing that, especially in the new media industries, work experiences an “industrialisation of nomadism”.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {mastersthesis}
}
In a world where technology intertwines increasingly with everyday life and work, the traditional career fades into the background and work how we know it is transformed. The structural organisation and subjective perception of work are moving towards new notions of freedom and nomadism while new labour forms arise. This thesis is a journey into the world of Digital Nomads, their imagination and implementation of a new kind of work practice. The research aims to examine the changing notion of work in new media industries caused by technological and societal developments. Through the lens of a mixed methods approach using digital methods in a quantitative content analysis and qualitative semi-structured interviews, the study analyses the values and practices of Digital Nomads.The movement of Digital Nomadism will be regarded from a new media perspective where it proves to extend the existing understanding of the new media work practices. The thesis provides a model based on discourse analysis that contrasts the ideology and practice of this work and lifestyle. Moreover, it contributes new insights into the changing notion of work proposing that, especially in the new media industries, work experiences an “industrialisation of nomadism”.
Online
308.
Karsgaard, Carrie; Bainotti, Lucia; Nero, Serena Del; Flaim, Giacomo; Hockenhull, Michael; MacDonald, Maggie; Martella, Antonio; Valderrama, Erika; Valerio, Gabriel
Canadian Pipeline Politics: Mapping (visual) discourse in platform spaces Online
(DMI), The Digital Methods Initiative (Ed.): 2018, visited: 02.08.2018.
@online{Karsgaard2018,
title = {Canadian Pipeline Politics: Mapping (visual) discourse in platform spaces},
author = {Carrie Karsgaard and Lucia Bainotti and Serena Del Nero and Giacomo Flaim and Michael Hockenhull and Maggie MacDonald and Antonio Martella and Erika Valderrama and Gabriel Valerio},
editor = {The Digital Methods Initiative (DMI)},
url = {https://digitalmethods.net/Dmi/SummerSchool2018PipelinePolitics
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1ieIJDHakx44Glre3VRdJu2Z6o60is22aIJoRobw6YF4/edit#slide=id.p},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-08-02},
urldate = {2018-08-02},
abstract = {Methodological findings: Twitter
Twitter’s free-form user location field enables political expression where location-identifiers have political significance; in the Canadian landscape, for instance, users may identify according to Indigenous place names rather than officially sanctioned place names.
The implication for digital methods research is that user location provides a means of exploring issue alignment and political stance for issues with geographical components.
Methodological findings: Instagram
An analytical challenge - but also an opportunity - is posed by Instagram’s multiple discursive spaces - images, text, and hashtags - as they are variously used over time. The project prototypes a comparative approach to these multiple spaces through analysis of each through multiple time slices, including analysis of the linkages between various discourses where possible (i.e. by hashtag-image and text-image analysis). Included is a new approach to text-image analysis using Cortext, which allows exploration of the user-generated text in Instagram posts, beyond what is available via hashtag analysis.
Taken together, multiple maps reinforce certain issue patterns through their repeated representation in various visualizations; at the same time, individual maps reveal nuances of the issue that only emerge through a single discourse (whether visual, textual, or connective via hashtags). This project thus demonstrates how critical discourse analysis and visual analysis may be conducted at multiple and intersecting levels through a critical cartographical approach, enabling a more robust understanding of the issue as it is performed online.
Substantive Findings
Our findings indicate that when analyzed as above, the tools embedded in both Twitter and Instagram allow us to infer discursive alignment with issue positioning, not only for/against the key issue, but also within sub-groups, allowing a nuanced view of the issue. For instance, within anti-pipeline sentiment, analysis of locations, hashtags, text, and images reveals competing ideals between protection of the land (as pristine), ownership of the land (as a Vancouver resident), and stewardship of the land (as already occupied by Indigenous peoples). By tracing these discursive groups over time, we see increasing overlap within our issue network visualizations, where distinct clusters are replaced by heterogenous networks, indicating that the pipeline issue may function as a boundary object, bringing various publics closer together.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
Methodological findings: Twitter
Twitter’s free-form user location field enables political expression where location-identifiers have political significance; in the Canadian landscape, for instance, users may identify according to Indigenous place names rather than officially sanctioned place names.
The implication for digital methods research is that user location provides a means of exploring issue alignment and political stance for issues with geographical components.
Methodological findings: Instagram
An analytical challenge - but also an opportunity - is posed by Instagram’s multiple discursive spaces - images, text, and hashtags - as they are variously used over time. The project prototypes a comparative approach to these multiple spaces through analysis of each through multiple time slices, including analysis of the linkages between various discourses where possible (i.e. by hashtag-image and text-image analysis). Included is a new approach to text-image analysis using Cortext, which allows exploration of the user-generated text in Instagram posts, beyond what is available via hashtag analysis.
Taken together, multiple maps reinforce certain issue patterns through their repeated representation in various visualizations; at the same time, individual maps reveal nuances of the issue that only emerge through a single discourse (whether visual, textual, or connective via hashtags). This project thus demonstrates how critical discourse analysis and visual analysis may be conducted at multiple and intersecting levels through a critical cartographical approach, enabling a more robust understanding of the issue as it is performed online.
Substantive Findings
Our findings indicate that when analyzed as above, the tools embedded in both Twitter and Instagram allow us to infer discursive alignment with issue positioning, not only for/against the key issue, but also within sub-groups, allowing a nuanced view of the issue. For instance, within anti-pipeline sentiment, analysis of locations, hashtags, text, and images reveals competing ideals between protection of the land (as pristine), ownership of the land (as a Vancouver resident), and stewardship of the land (as already occupied by Indigenous peoples). By tracing these discursive groups over time, we see increasing overlap within our issue network visualizations, where distinct clusters are replaced by heterogenous networks, indicating that the pipeline issue may function as a boundary object, bringing various publics closer together.
Twitter’s free-form user location field enables political expression where location-identifiers have political significance; in the Canadian landscape, for instance, users may identify according to Indigenous place names rather than officially sanctioned place names.
The implication for digital methods research is that user location provides a means of exploring issue alignment and political stance for issues with geographical components.
Methodological findings: Instagram
An analytical challenge - but also an opportunity - is posed by Instagram’s multiple discursive spaces - images, text, and hashtags - as they are variously used over time. The project prototypes a comparative approach to these multiple spaces through analysis of each through multiple time slices, including analysis of the linkages between various discourses where possible (i.e. by hashtag-image and text-image analysis). Included is a new approach to text-image analysis using Cortext, which allows exploration of the user-generated text in Instagram posts, beyond what is available via hashtag analysis.
Taken together, multiple maps reinforce certain issue patterns through their repeated representation in various visualizations; at the same time, individual maps reveal nuances of the issue that only emerge through a single discourse (whether visual, textual, or connective via hashtags). This project thus demonstrates how critical discourse analysis and visual analysis may be conducted at multiple and intersecting levels through a critical cartographical approach, enabling a more robust understanding of the issue as it is performed online.
Substantive Findings
Our findings indicate that when analyzed as above, the tools embedded in both Twitter and Instagram allow us to infer discursive alignment with issue positioning, not only for/against the key issue, but also within sub-groups, allowing a nuanced view of the issue. For instance, within anti-pipeline sentiment, analysis of locations, hashtags, text, and images reveals competing ideals between protection of the land (as pristine), ownership of the land (as a Vancouver resident), and stewardship of the land (as already occupied by Indigenous peoples). By tracing these discursive groups over time, we see increasing overlap within our issue network visualizations, where distinct clusters are replaced by heterogenous networks, indicating that the pipeline issue may function as a boundary object, bringing various publics closer together.
309.
Omena, Janna Joceli; Rabello, Elaine; Mintz, André; Sanchez-Querubin, Natalia; Ozkula, Suay; Sued, Gabriela; Elbeyi, Ece; Cicali, Alessandra
Visualising hashtag engagement: imagery of political polarization on Instagram Online
(DMI), The Digital Methods Initiative (Ed.): 2018, visited: 10.07.2018.
@online{Omena2023,
title = {Visualising hashtag engagement: imagery of political polarization on Instagram},
author = {Janna Joceli Omena and Elaine Rabello and André Mintz and Natalia Sanchez-Querubin and Suay Ozkula and Gabriela Sued and Ece Elbeyi and Alessandra Cicali},
editor = {The Digital Methods Initiative (DMI)},
url = {https://digitalmethods.net/Dmi/InstagramLivenessVisualisingengagement},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-07-10},
urldate = {2018-07-10},
abstract = {Engagement is a key parameter in social media studies: a conductor for scientific analysis and thoughts. The overall engagement is not only a representative form (or depiction) of human activities, but also a common path to think political and social issues. However, engagement can stem from and be fostered by algorithms or bots, advertising, the popularity of actors or subjects, local or global context. On social media, engagement gathers the sum of different grammars of actions (Agre, 1994) or the reoccurrence of isolated actions, which, taken together, may represent collective thought. In other words, engagement is typically perceived through a dual logic: the sums of actions media items receive (e.g. the total number of likes and comments in a picture on Instagram); the recurrent use of natively digital objects or grammars of action from many people about a topic, e.g. the adoption of hashtags (that can be driven by personal, isolated or collective acts of communication). The first returns the most engaged list what can be defined as the dominant voices, the second returns the ordinary list that is composed by the ordinary voices.
Studies based on engagement have been commonly undertaken by vanity metrics instead of critical analytics; the former being comprised of measures of analysis based on a content or actor being well-known or influential, whereas, the latter, proposes metrics of engagement (dominant voice, concern, commitment, positioning and alignment) that focus on causes and issues overtime (Rogers, 2016). That is why we should not oversimplify engagement behind “the most engaged lists or active users”. On the contrary, we should investigate and analyze the domains of engagement activity; logic, structure and the vocabulary of actions together with an understanding of the social relations. Thus,instead of looking only at most popular actors/content or total of reactions on posts, how can we study engagement through the constant repetition of ordinary voice publications?},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
Engagement is a key parameter in social media studies: a conductor for scientific analysis and thoughts. The overall engagement is not only a representative form (or depiction) of human activities, but also a common path to think political and social issues. However, engagement can stem from and be fostered by algorithms or bots, advertising, the popularity of actors or subjects, local or global context. On social media, engagement gathers the sum of different grammars of actions (Agre, 1994) or the reoccurrence of isolated actions, which, taken together, may represent collective thought. In other words, engagement is typically perceived through a dual logic: the sums of actions media items receive (e.g. the total number of likes and comments in a picture on Instagram); the recurrent use of natively digital objects or grammars of action from many people about a topic, e.g. the adoption of hashtags (that can be driven by personal, isolated or collective acts of communication). The first returns the most engaged list what can be defined as the dominant voices, the second returns the ordinary list that is composed by the ordinary voices.
Studies based on engagement have been commonly undertaken by vanity metrics instead of critical analytics; the former being comprised of measures of analysis based on a content or actor being well-known or influential, whereas, the latter, proposes metrics of engagement (dominant voice, concern, commitment, positioning and alignment) that focus on causes and issues overtime (Rogers, 2016). That is why we should not oversimplify engagement behind “the most engaged lists or active users”. On the contrary, we should investigate and analyze the domains of engagement activity; logic, structure and the vocabulary of actions together with an understanding of the social relations. Thus,instead of looking only at most popular actors/content or total of reactions on posts, how can we study engagement through the constant repetition of ordinary voice publications?
Studies based on engagement have been commonly undertaken by vanity metrics instead of critical analytics; the former being comprised of measures of analysis based on a content or actor being well-known or influential, whereas, the latter, proposes metrics of engagement (dominant voice, concern, commitment, positioning and alignment) that focus on causes and issues overtime (Rogers, 2016). That is why we should not oversimplify engagement behind “the most engaged lists or active users”. On the contrary, we should investigate and analyze the domains of engagement activity; logic, structure and the vocabulary of actions together with an understanding of the social relations. Thus,instead of looking only at most popular actors/content or total of reactions on posts, how can we study engagement through the constant repetition of ordinary voice publications?
310.
Taylor, Linnet; Jameson, Shazade; Bullock, Josh; Hoang, Quynh Tu; de Vos, Jeroen; van Gestel, Maarten; Nijssen, Timo; Dziwak, Olivia; Rekve, Kristoffer; Lausberg, Yoren; Santosa, Stefany Winona; Yang, Wen; Zenga, Giovanni
Data Justice and Singapore’s Smart Nation Online
(DMI), The Digital Methods Initiative (Ed.): 2018, visited: 25.01.2018.
@online{Taylor2018,
title = {Data Justice and Singapore’s Smart Nation},
author = {Linnet Taylor and Shazade Jameson and Josh Bullock and Quynh Tu Hoang and Jeroen de Vos and Maarten van Gestel and Timo Nijssen and Olivia Dziwak and Kristoffer Rekve and Yoren Lausberg and Stefany Winona Santosa and Wen Yang and Giovanni Zenga},
editor = {The Digital Methods Initiative (DMI)},
url = {https://digitalmethods.net/Dmi/SingaporeSmartNation},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-25},
urldate = {2018-01-25},
abstract = {We aimed to map the networks and key concepts involved in Singapore’s ‘Smart Nation’ initiative from the perspective of the Singaporean authorities, and to map and analyse the popular response to datafication.
We found that the authorities’ narrative is clear and replicated across multiple online sources. It is authored by a mixture of government and commercial actors and has strong resonance with international discourse on smart cities. It is principally hosted via Facebook and websites belonging to the government and its partners, and there is little engagement (regarding response/re-sharing) visible online from citizens.
We were able to map the official discourse quite quickly, but a widespread/critical counter-narrative was harder to find, draw out and analyse. We found that the visible critical response to the smart nation initiative revolves principally around functionality and efficiency (‘this does not work as promised’) and that there are no clearly visible public threads of discourse around rights or surveillance in relation to data. We found concerns with datafication mainly on local news sites and Reddit.
This analysis has mainly been used to help us to identify gaps and silences on the side of citizens. The social media sources with the highest penetration in Singapore carry the government narrative almost exclusively. Those with lower penetration have some responses from citizens, but in general, the public-facing component of the smart nation initiative is governmental.
Critical voices in relation to Singapore’s datafication are largely unavailable to remotely conducted digital methods. We conclude from our investigation that it is worth using digital methods to analyse the government narrative on datafication, but that researchers hoping to identify the alternative narratives should initially do so through ethnographic fieldwork and through that generate questions that are more amenable to digital methods.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
We aimed to map the networks and key concepts involved in Singapore’s ‘Smart Nation’ initiative from the perspective of the Singaporean authorities, and to map and analyse the popular response to datafication.
We found that the authorities’ narrative is clear and replicated across multiple online sources. It is authored by a mixture of government and commercial actors and has strong resonance with international discourse on smart cities. It is principally hosted via Facebook and websites belonging to the government and its partners, and there is little engagement (regarding response/re-sharing) visible online from citizens.
We were able to map the official discourse quite quickly, but a widespread/critical counter-narrative was harder to find, draw out and analyse. We found that the visible critical response to the smart nation initiative revolves principally around functionality and efficiency (‘this does not work as promised’) and that there are no clearly visible public threads of discourse around rights or surveillance in relation to data. We found concerns with datafication mainly on local news sites and Reddit.
This analysis has mainly been used to help us to identify gaps and silences on the side of citizens. The social media sources with the highest penetration in Singapore carry the government narrative almost exclusively. Those with lower penetration have some responses from citizens, but in general, the public-facing component of the smart nation initiative is governmental.
Critical voices in relation to Singapore’s datafication are largely unavailable to remotely conducted digital methods. We conclude from our investigation that it is worth using digital methods to analyse the government narrative on datafication, but that researchers hoping to identify the alternative narratives should initially do so through ethnographic fieldwork and through that generate questions that are more amenable to digital methods.
We found that the authorities’ narrative is clear and replicated across multiple online sources. It is authored by a mixture of government and commercial actors and has strong resonance with international discourse on smart cities. It is principally hosted via Facebook and websites belonging to the government and its partners, and there is little engagement (regarding response/re-sharing) visible online from citizens.
We were able to map the official discourse quite quickly, but a widespread/critical counter-narrative was harder to find, draw out and analyse. We found that the visible critical response to the smart nation initiative revolves principally around functionality and efficiency (‘this does not work as promised’) and that there are no clearly visible public threads of discourse around rights or surveillance in relation to data. We found concerns with datafication mainly on local news sites and Reddit.
This analysis has mainly been used to help us to identify gaps and silences on the side of citizens. The social media sources with the highest penetration in Singapore carry the government narrative almost exclusively. Those with lower penetration have some responses from citizens, but in general, the public-facing component of the smart nation initiative is governmental.
Critical voices in relation to Singapore’s datafication are largely unavailable to remotely conducted digital methods. We conclude from our investigation that it is worth using digital methods to analyse the government narrative on datafication, but that researchers hoping to identify the alternative narratives should initially do so through ethnographic fieldwork and through that generate questions that are more amenable to digital methods.
PhD Theses
311.
Maddi, Abdelghani
La quantification de la recherche scientifique et ses enjeux : bases de données, indicateurs et cartographie des données bibliométriques PhD Thesis
Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018.
@phdthesis{Maddi2018b,
title = {La quantification de la recherche scientifique et ses enjeux : bases de données, indicateurs et cartographie des données bibliométriques},
author = {Abdelghani Maddi},
url = {https://theses.hal.science/tel-02464065/
https://dx.doi.org/10.70675/4423a576z1b92z47d3z91a9z59b6a297f0bf},
doi = {https://dx.doi.org/10.70675/4423a576z1b92z47d3z91a9z59b6a297f0bf},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-12-03},
school = {Université Sorbonne Paris Cité},
abstract = {La question de la productivité et de la « qualité » de la recherche scientifique est l’une des problématiques centrales du monde économique et social du 21e siècle. Car la recherche scientifique, source d’innovations dans tous les domaines, est considérée comme la clé du développement économique et de compétitivité. La science doit également contribuer aux défis sociétaux définis dans les programmes cadre européens (H2020) par exemple, tels que la santé, la démographie et le bien-être. Afin de rationaliser les dépenses publiques de recherche et d’innovation ou encore orienter les stratégies d’investissement des bailleurs de fonds, plusieurs indicateurs ce sont développés pour mesurer les performances des entités de recherche. Désormais, nul ne peut échapper à l’évaluation, à commencer par les articles de recherche, en passant par les chercheurs, jusqu’aux institutions et aux pays (Pansu, 2013, Gingras, 2016). Faute de manque de recul méthodologique, les indicateurs quantitatifs sont parfois mal utilisés en négligeant tous les aspects liés à leur méthode de calcul/normalisation, ce qu’ils représentent ou encore les insuffisances des bases de données à partir desquelles ils sont calculés. Cette situation risque d’avoir des conséquences désastreuses sur le plan scientifique et social. Notre travail envisage d’examiner les outils de la bibliométrie évaluative (indicateurs et bases de données) afin de mesurer les enjeux liés à l’évaluation quantitative des performances scientifiques. Nous montrons au travers de cette recherche que les indicateurs quantitatifs, ne peuvent jamais être utilisés à eux seuls pour mesurer la qualité des entités de recherche étant donnée les disparités des résultats selon les périmètres d’analyse, les problèmes ex-ante liés aux caractéristiques individuelles des chercheurs qui affectent directement les indicateurs quantitatifs, ou encore les insuffisances des bases de données à partir desquelles ils sont calculés. Pour une évaluation responsable, il est impératif d’accompagner les mesures quantitatives par une appréciation qualitative des pairs. Par ailleurs, nous avons également examiné l’efficacité des mesures quantitatives pour des fins de compréhension de l’évolution des sciences et la formation des communautés scientifiques. Notre analyse appliquée sur un corpus de publications traitant la thématique de la crise économique nous a permis de montrer à la fois les auteurs et courants de pensée dominants, ainsi que l’évolution temporelle des termes utilisés dans cette thématique. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
La question de la productivité et de la « qualité » de la recherche scientifique est l’une des problématiques centrales du monde économique et social du 21e siècle. Car la recherche scientifique, source d’innovations dans tous les domaines, est considérée comme la clé du développement économique et de compétitivité. La science doit également contribuer aux défis sociétaux définis dans les programmes cadre européens (H2020) par exemple, tels que la santé, la démographie et le bien-être. Afin de rationaliser les dépenses publiques de recherche et d’innovation ou encore orienter les stratégies d’investissement des bailleurs de fonds, plusieurs indicateurs ce sont développés pour mesurer les performances des entités de recherche. Désormais, nul ne peut échapper à l’évaluation, à commencer par les articles de recherche, en passant par les chercheurs, jusqu’aux institutions et aux pays (Pansu, 2013, Gingras, 2016). Faute de manque de recul méthodologique, les indicateurs quantitatifs sont parfois mal utilisés en négligeant tous les aspects liés à leur méthode de calcul/normalisation, ce qu’ils représentent ou encore les insuffisances des bases de données à partir desquelles ils sont calculés. Cette situation risque d’avoir des conséquences désastreuses sur le plan scientifique et social. Notre travail envisage d’examiner les outils de la bibliométrie évaluative (indicateurs et bases de données) afin de mesurer les enjeux liés à l’évaluation quantitative des performances scientifiques. Nous montrons au travers de cette recherche que les indicateurs quantitatifs, ne peuvent jamais être utilisés à eux seuls pour mesurer la qualité des entités de recherche étant donnée les disparités des résultats selon les périmètres d’analyse, les problèmes ex-ante liés aux caractéristiques individuelles des chercheurs qui affectent directement les indicateurs quantitatifs, ou encore les insuffisances des bases de données à partir desquelles ils sont calculés. Pour une évaluation responsable, il est impératif d’accompagner les mesures quantitatives par une appréciation qualitative des pairs. Par ailleurs, nous avons également examiné l’efficacité des mesures quantitatives pour des fins de compréhension de l’évolution des sciences et la formation des communautés scientifiques. Notre analyse appliquée sur un corpus de publications traitant la thématique de la crise économique nous a permis de montrer à la fois les auteurs et courants de pensée dominants, ainsi que l’évolution temporelle des termes utilisés dans cette thématique.
312.
Bareille, François
Agricultural management of ecosystem services: insights from production and environmental economics PhD Thesis
Université Bretagne Loire, 2018, (HAL Id : tel-02790452 , version 1).
@phdthesis{Bareille2018,
title = {Agricultural management of ecosystem services: insights from production and environmental economics},
author = {François Bareille},
url = {https://www.theses.fr/2018NSARE050.pdf},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-15},
urldate = {2018-11-15},
school = {Université Bretagne Loire},
abstract = {The thesis aims to study both theoretically and empirically the management of ecosystem services by the farmers from the perspective of the economic theory. The concept of ecosystem services is an interdisciplinary concept that refers to "the services that nature offers to human for free". The economic literature has mainly investigated this concept in measuring the value of these services, with few attention to the behavior of agents modifying these services. The thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part, I study both the supply and the demand for the productive ecosystem services (for example, pollination or biological control) by analyzing the behavior of farmers, considered as potential agroecosystem managers. Inspired by the literature on landscape ecology, I introduce biodiversity indicators that are function of land-use into existing models from agricultural production economics literature. This reunion provides a unified theoretical model for analyzing farmers' choices regarding the management of productive ecosystem services. The empirical works consists in estimating all or parts of this theoretical model. My main contribution to the literature is to prove, based on the farmers' observed behavior, that farmers do manage productive ecosystem services. I bring other elements to the literature, notably by providing new insights on the agricultural technology when productive ecosystem services are considered, or by showing that collective management of productive ecosystem services can only rarely arise spontaneously in real landscapes where farmers are heterogeneous. In the second part, I study the demand for the jointly provided public goods by the farmers’ modification of ecosystem service flows, i.e. I study the specificities of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers (in the sense of Engel et al., 2008). In particular, I study the role of the geographic scale of the demand for the design of agri-environmental policy. Indeed, if local public goods influence the welfare of the agents within a defined geographical area (e.g., the improvement of water quality by maintaining a wetland upstream of a treatment plant), global public goods can influence the welfare of all agents (e.g., the carbon sequestration into the soil of a wetland). In this part, I apply the framework of several literatures developed in environmental economics (for example, the literature on environmental federalism or on the "distance-decay") to the specificities of the environmental services provided by farmers; in particular, I integrate that the environmental service provided by a farmer affects the supply of multiple public goods in most cases, the demand for these public goods arising at different geographical scales. I contribute to the literature by showing that, although most of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers is captured locally (at the municipal level), some of the demand is captured by larger and farer areas. This has implications for the governance and the design of agri-environmental policies, which I explore through two examples: the reduction of pesticide application and the maintenance of agricultural wetlands.},
note = {HAL Id : tel-02790452 , version 1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
The thesis aims to study both theoretically and empirically the management of ecosystem services by the farmers from the perspective of the economic theory. The concept of ecosystem services is an interdisciplinary concept that refers to "the services that nature offers to human for free". The economic literature has mainly investigated this concept in measuring the value of these services, with few attention to the behavior of agents modifying these services. The thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part, I study both the supply and the demand for the productive ecosystem services (for example, pollination or biological control) by analyzing the behavior of farmers, considered as potential agroecosystem managers. Inspired by the literature on landscape ecology, I introduce biodiversity indicators that are function of land-use into existing models from agricultural production economics literature. This reunion provides a unified theoretical model for analyzing farmers' choices regarding the management of productive ecosystem services. The empirical works consists in estimating all or parts of this theoretical model. My main contribution to the literature is to prove, based on the farmers' observed behavior, that farmers do manage productive ecosystem services. I bring other elements to the literature, notably by providing new insights on the agricultural technology when productive ecosystem services are considered, or by showing that collective management of productive ecosystem services can only rarely arise spontaneously in real landscapes where farmers are heterogeneous. In the second part, I study the demand for the jointly provided public goods by the farmers’ modification of ecosystem service flows, i.e. I study the specificities of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers (in the sense of Engel et al., 2008). In particular, I study the role of the geographic scale of the demand for the design of agri-environmental policy. Indeed, if local public goods influence the welfare of the agents within a defined geographical area (e.g., the improvement of water quality by maintaining a wetland upstream of a treatment plant), global public goods can influence the welfare of all agents (e.g., the carbon sequestration into the soil of a wetland). In this part, I apply the framework of several literatures developed in environmental economics (for example, the literature on environmental federalism or on the "distance-decay") to the specificities of the environmental services provided by farmers; in particular, I integrate that the environmental service provided by a farmer affects the supply of multiple public goods in most cases, the demand for these public goods arising at different geographical scales. I contribute to the literature by showing that, although most of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers is captured locally (at the municipal level), some of the demand is captured by larger and farer areas. This has implications for the governance and the design of agri-environmental policies, which I explore through two examples: the reduction of pesticide application and the maintenance of agricultural wetlands.
313.
Fournie, Sandrine
Construction sociotechnique et relationnelle d’une gouvernance alimentaire territoriale PhD Thesis
2018, (HAL Id: tel-01922329).
@phdthesis{Fournie2018,
title = {Construction sociotechnique et relationnelle d’une gouvernance alimentaire territoriale},
author = {Sandrine Fournie},
url = {https://theses.hal.science/tel-01922329v1/file/33890_FOURNIE_4_2016_archivage.pdf
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01922329v1},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-14},
abstract = {Les Systèmes Agroalimentaires Localisés représentent des formes d'organisation de productionet de consommation particulières. Ils se différencient des systèmes agro-industriels dans larelation singulière qui unit les hommes, les produits et le territoire, dans la valorisation deressources spécifiques et dans des modalités de coordination géographiquement et socialementsituées. Un nombre croissant d'initiatives cherchent à les mettre en œuvre au travers descircuits courts, des circuits de proximité ou des projets alimentaires territoriaux.Nos travaux proposent d'éclairer d'un regard sociologique les mécanismes de construction deces systèmes alimentaires à partir de l'étude fine d'expériences pionnières. Nous mobilisons lescadres d'analyse déployés par la sociologie de l'innovation et de l'acteur-réseau d'une part, etpar la sociologie des réseaux d'autre part. L'expérience de la coopérative agricole Fermes deFigeac témoigne des processus d'activation du lien entre l'agriculture, l'alimentation et leterritoire, et de valorisation des ressources spécifiques. Ils se matérialisent dans les réseauxsociotechniques qui portent les circuits alimentaires territorialisés. Inspirés du modèle de lacoopération agricole, les responsables de l'organisation soutiennent l'expérimentation d'unedémarche de gouvernance alimentaire afin de coordonner les stratégies individuelles dans desstratégies coopératives pour répondre aux enjeux collectifs de développement.Les analyses révèlent les processus de traduction, de transformation et de médiation quiinterviennent au sein des organisations et à leurs frontières. Ces opérations s'avèrentnécessaires aux constructions collectives et aux coordinations des acteurs (humains et objets,individus et collectifs). Nous montrons le rôle des positions intermédiaires dans l'articulationdes stratégies et les capacités d'adaptation et d'innovation. Nous rendons également compte dela diversité et la variabilité des formes relationnelles qui accompagnent ces dynamiques.Menés dans le cadre d'une recherche-action, nos travaux s'inscrivent dans la volonté de coproductionthéorique et empirique. D'un point de vue opérationnel, nous attirons l'attentionsur l'importance des médiations (animations, documents, échanges…) dans les processuscollectifs et coopératifs et de l'indétermination (imprévisibilité) des dynamiques de changement.Nous proposons de tenir compte des réseaux secondaires et d'identifier les acteursintermédiaires (au-delà des représentants formels) dans les analyses de gouvernance alimentaireterritoriale. },
note = {HAL Id: tel-01922329},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
Les Systèmes Agroalimentaires Localisés représentent des formes d'organisation de productionet de consommation particulières. Ils se différencient des systèmes agro-industriels dans larelation singulière qui unit les hommes, les produits et le territoire, dans la valorisation deressources spécifiques et dans des modalités de coordination géographiquement et socialementsituées. Un nombre croissant d'initiatives cherchent à les mettre en œuvre au travers descircuits courts, des circuits de proximité ou des projets alimentaires territoriaux.Nos travaux proposent d'éclairer d'un regard sociologique les mécanismes de construction deces systèmes alimentaires à partir de l'étude fine d'expériences pionnières. Nous mobilisons lescadres d'analyse déployés par la sociologie de l'innovation et de l'acteur-réseau d'une part, etpar la sociologie des réseaux d'autre part. L'expérience de la coopérative agricole Fermes deFigeac témoigne des processus d'activation du lien entre l'agriculture, l'alimentation et leterritoire, et de valorisation des ressources spécifiques. Ils se matérialisent dans les réseauxsociotechniques qui portent les circuits alimentaires territorialisés. Inspirés du modèle de lacoopération agricole, les responsables de l'organisation soutiennent l'expérimentation d'unedémarche de gouvernance alimentaire afin de coordonner les stratégies individuelles dans desstratégies coopératives pour répondre aux enjeux collectifs de développement.Les analyses révèlent les processus de traduction, de transformation et de médiation quiinterviennent au sein des organisations et à leurs frontières. Ces opérations s'avèrentnécessaires aux constructions collectives et aux coordinations des acteurs (humains et objets,individus et collectifs). Nous montrons le rôle des positions intermédiaires dans l'articulationdes stratégies et les capacités d'adaptation et d'innovation. Nous rendons également compte dela diversité et la variabilité des formes relationnelles qui accompagnent ces dynamiques.Menés dans le cadre d'une recherche-action, nos travaux s'inscrivent dans la volonté de coproductionthéorique et empirique. D'un point de vue opérationnel, nous attirons l'attentionsur l'importance des médiations (animations, documents, échanges…) dans les processuscollectifs et coopératifs et de l'indétermination (imprévisibilité) des dynamiques de changement.Nous proposons de tenir compte des réseaux secondaires et d'identifier les acteursintermédiaires (au-delà des représentants formels) dans les analyses de gouvernance alimentaireterritoriale.
Technical Reports
314.
Rega, Carlo; Paracchini, Maria Luisa; Mccraken, Davy; Saba, Andrea; Zavalloni, Matteo; Raggi, Meri; Viaggi, Davide; Britz, Wolfgang; Frappier, Lise
Review of the definitions of the existing ecological approaches Technical Report
2018.
@techreport{Rega2018,
title = {Review of the definitions of the existing ecological approaches},
author = {Carlo Rega and Maria Luisa Paracchini and Davy Mccraken and Andrea Saba and Matteo Zavalloni and Meri Raggi and Davide Viaggi and Wolfgang Britz and Lise Frappier},
url = {https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02790143},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-10-11},
abstract = {The aim of this present Deliverable 1.1 (D1.1) is to lay the foundation for the development of a framework for farm typologies, which takes into account existing typologies and existing nomenclature (e.g. low-input, organic, extensive, high nature value farming, conservation agriculture, agroecological, etc.) when considering in particular the degree to which farms adopt ecological practices. This early phase of the typology work aims at providing a consolidated framework composed of farming systems and farming practices, and a first screening of which practice is associated with which system. This initial stage will be complemented in further deliverables by indicators and thresholds to link concepts to data and models. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
The aim of this present Deliverable 1.1 (D1.1) is to lay the foundation for the development of a framework for farm typologies, which takes into account existing typologies and existing nomenclature (e.g. low-input, organic, extensive, high nature value farming, conservation agriculture, agroecological, etc.) when considering in particular the degree to which farms adopt ecological practices. This early phase of the typology work aims at providing a consolidated framework composed of farming systems and farming practices, and a first screening of which practice is associated with which system. This initial stage will be complemented in further deliverables by indicators and thresholds to link concepts to data and models.
315.
Aubin, Sophie; Huber, Madeleine
eROSA. e-infrastructure Roadmap for Open Science in Agriculture : bibliometric study results Technical Report
INRA, Horizon 2020 2018, (Ref. Ares(2018)3404573).
@techreport{Aubin2018,
title = {eROSA. e-infrastructure Roadmap for Open Science in Agriculture : bibliometric study results},
author = {Sophie Aubin and Madeleine Huber},
url = {https://zenodo.org/record/1305000/files/Bibliometric%20study%20results.pdf},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-06-28},
urldate = {2018-06-28},
institution = {INRA, Horizon 2020},
abstract = {This study highlights the results of a bibliometric analysis conducted at a global scale in order to identify key scientists and associated research performing organisations (e.g. public research institutes, universities, Research & Development departments of private companies) that work in the field of agricultural data sources and services. The added value of such a methodological approach is the resulting ability to provide a detailed answer to the question “who does what?” by collecting, processing, analysing and visualising the metadata1 of related scientific publications. The study focuses on articles that have been published in the past 10 years (i.e. during the period 2005-2015). As such, the analysis is a first attempt at delineating, mapping and describing the scientific community that the e-ROSA project seeks to engage with. It neither aims at being exhaustive nor at providing an evaluation on the scientific excellence of identified stakeholders as this is not the goal of the community-building activity under e-ROSA. The specific objectives of the analysis include:
1 - The identification of scientists and related collaboration networks involved in data science for agriculture in order to initiate further contact while building and engaging with the e-ROSA community throughout the project: e.g. these results provide valuable contacts in the context of the desk surveys that will be carried out under Work Package 1 in order to consolidate and reach out to the community, and in the context of the workshops organised under Work Package 2 that seek community-building and co-design of the e-ROSA Roadmap.
2 - The identification of specific domains related to data and computer science that are of interest to identified scientists (i.e. working on agricultural issues).
3 - The identification of related conferences and journals that the e-ROSA project can target in order to effectively reach out to the relevant communities involved in data science issues related to agriculture.},
note = {Ref. Ares(2018)3404573},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
This study highlights the results of a bibliometric analysis conducted at a global scale in order to identify key scientists and associated research performing organisations (e.g. public research institutes, universities, Research & Development departments of private companies) that work in the field of agricultural data sources and services. The added value of such a methodological approach is the resulting ability to provide a detailed answer to the question “who does what?” by collecting, processing, analysing and visualising the metadata1 of related scientific publications. The study focuses on articles that have been published in the past 10 years (i.e. during the period 2005-2015). As such, the analysis is a first attempt at delineating, mapping and describing the scientific community that the e-ROSA project seeks to engage with. It neither aims at being exhaustive nor at providing an evaluation on the scientific excellence of identified stakeholders as this is not the goal of the community-building activity under e-ROSA. The specific objectives of the analysis include:
1 - The identification of scientists and related collaboration networks involved in data science for agriculture in order to initiate further contact while building and engaging with the e-ROSA community throughout the project: e.g. these results provide valuable contacts in the context of the desk surveys that will be carried out under Work Package 1 in order to consolidate and reach out to the community, and in the context of the workshops organised under Work Package 2 that seek community-building and co-design of the e-ROSA Roadmap.
2 - The identification of specific domains related to data and computer science that are of interest to identified scientists (i.e. working on agricultural issues).
3 - The identification of related conferences and journals that the e-ROSA project can target in order to effectively reach out to the relevant communities involved in data science issues related to agriculture.
1 - The identification of scientists and related collaboration networks involved in data science for agriculture in order to initiate further contact while building and engaging with the e-ROSA community throughout the project: e.g. these results provide valuable contacts in the context of the desk surveys that will be carried out under Work Package 1 in order to consolidate and reach out to the community, and in the context of the workshops organised under Work Package 2 that seek community-building and co-design of the e-ROSA Roadmap.
2 - The identification of specific domains related to data and computer science that are of interest to identified scientists (i.e. working on agricultural issues).
3 - The identification of related conferences and journals that the e-ROSA project can target in order to effectively reach out to the relevant communities involved in data science issues related to agriculture.
316.
Moore, Vanessa; Horgan, Gerard; Moore, Rebecca
Understanding the role of culture, gender and communication traditions, and their implications for engagement methodologies, communication and dissemination Technical Report
GoNano, Horizon 2020, European Institute of Women’s Health 2018.
@techreport{Moore2018,
title = {Understanding the role of culture, gender and communication traditions, and their implications for engagement methodologies, communication and dissemination},
author = {Vanessa Moore and Gerard Horgan and Rebecca Moore},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-05-31},
institution = {GoNano, Horizon 2020, European Institute of Women’s Health },
abstract = {The GoNano -Governing Nanotechnologies though societal engagement-project is a 36-month long project which aims to improve the responsiveness of research and innovation processes to public values and concerns. Part of the GoNano objectives are to create an engagement process which is cognisant of gender, diversity, culture and communication traditions across Europe. This engagement process will inform future nanotechnology development, by ways of public discourse and methodology development, as well as co-creation. In order to adequately align nanotechnology Research and Innovation (R&I) with societal needs, it is important to look at societal issues such as gender, culture, and diversity. These areas of focus present us with an opportunity to get a deeper insight into what motivates opinions, thoughts, needs, values and concerns --are these the same, or are there differences between or within various groups? Does gender have any impact on how values, needs and concerns around nanotechnology are shaped; does demographic diversity influence such concerns? What information and knowledge can we glean from looking into divergences of opinions and differences in discourse? What can we gain from increased awareness and focus on these issues?},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
The GoNano -Governing Nanotechnologies though societal engagement-project is a 36-month long project which aims to improve the responsiveness of research and innovation processes to public values and concerns. Part of the GoNano objectives are to create an engagement process which is cognisant of gender, diversity, culture and communication traditions across Europe. This engagement process will inform future nanotechnology development, by ways of public discourse and methodology development, as well as co-creation. In order to adequately align nanotechnology Research and Innovation (R&I) with societal needs, it is important to look at societal issues such as gender, culture, and diversity. These areas of focus present us with an opportunity to get a deeper insight into what motivates opinions, thoughts, needs, values and concerns --are these the same, or are there differences between or within various groups? Does gender have any impact on how values, needs and concerns around nanotechnology are shaped; does demographic diversity influence such concerns? What information and knowledge can we glean from looking into divergences of opinions and differences in discourse? What can we gain from increased awareness and focus on these issues?
Workshops
317.
Tari, Thomas
OBME 2120-Processing Knowledge: building, refining and analyzing research corpora in social sciences Workshop
2018.
@workshop{tari2018obme,
title = {OBME 2120-Processing Knowledge: building, refining and analyzing research corpora in social sciences},
author = {Thomas Tari},
url = {http://formation.sciences-po.fr/enseignement/2017/obme/2120},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
abstract = {This course is based on the idea that one needs to understand the social nature of research, the forms knowledge takes to be true, to actually produce his/her first piece of research. Rooted in the tradition of sociology of scientific knowledge and STS, the seminar will provide to the students all the theories, methods and free tools needed to analyze the products of science and conduct their own social sciences research. By opening a dialogue with sources taken as a research object, the goal is not to produce a plain bibliography, but to build a quality research corpus, analyzed through both up-to-date qualitative and quantitative methods. This course expects to broaden minds and to teach useful skills, working on thematics that will be collectively defined to meet the students' interests. },
howpublished = {Sciences Po Seminar},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {workshop}
}
This course is based on the idea that one needs to understand the social nature of research, the forms knowledge takes to be true, to actually produce his/her first piece of research. Rooted in the tradition of sociology of scientific knowledge and STS, the seminar will provide to the students all the theories, methods and free tools needed to analyze the products of science and conduct their own social sciences research. By opening a dialogue with sources taken as a research object, the goal is not to produce a plain bibliography, but to build a quality research corpus, analyzed through both up-to-date qualitative and quantitative methods. This course expects to broaden minds and to teach useful skills, working on thematics that will be collectively defined to meet the students' interests.
2017
Journal Articles
318.
Blank-Gomel, Rony
Cycling injuries and the re-modernisation of mundane risks: from injury prevention to a population health and environmental problem Journal Article
In: Health, Risk & Society, vol. 19, no. 3-4, pp. 68-188, 2017.
@article{Blank-Gomel2017,
title = {Cycling injuries and the re-modernisation of mundane risks: from injury prevention to a population health and environmental problem},
author = {Rony Blank-Gomel},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2017.1338339},
doi = {10.1080/13698575.2017.1338339},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-05-31},
urldate = {2017-05-31},
journal = {Health, Risk & Society},
volume = {19},
number = {3-4},
pages = {68-188},
abstract = {Commentators drawing on the concept of the Risk Society have argued that the proliferation of large-scale risks generates critical reflection on the modernistic logic and drives current societal changes. Critics have argued that this thesis neglects the centrality of mundane risks in shaping contemporary identities. However, such critics have not considered the dynamics of mundane risks and the possibility that these dynamics follow the predictions made by Risk Society theorists. In this article, I examine this issue using the recent history of cycling risk, focussing on expert knowledge in the Global North between 1970 and 2014. I draw on Actor–Network Theory to operationalise Risk Society, conceptualising accounts of cycling risk as the products of a dynamic network. I examine this network using scientometric analyses of scientific papers, analyses of influential texts and in-depth interviews with experts and activists. I argue that the dynamics of this network follow the predictions of Risk Society: bicycle helmets emerged as a technological fix for a specific risk, but are now described as the source of new risks to health and safety, due to their potential interactions with human psychologies and social behaviours. This encourages reflexivity on the conditions producing such risks, namely, the modernistic logic. Thus, mundane risks are both re-modernised and remain central to shaping identities and concerns. More specifically, the interaction between mundane risks and holistic conceptualisations of health is shown to contribute to the shift from first to second modernity.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Commentators drawing on the concept of the Risk Society have argued that the proliferation of large-scale risks generates critical reflection on the modernistic logic and drives current societal changes. Critics have argued that this thesis neglects the centrality of mundane risks in shaping contemporary identities. However, such critics have not considered the dynamics of mundane risks and the possibility that these dynamics follow the predictions made by Risk Society theorists. In this article, I examine this issue using the recent history of cycling risk, focussing on expert knowledge in the Global North between 1970 and 2014. I draw on Actor–Network Theory to operationalise Risk Society, conceptualising accounts of cycling risk as the products of a dynamic network. I examine this network using scientometric analyses of scientific papers, analyses of influential texts and in-depth interviews with experts and activists. I argue that the dynamics of this network follow the predictions of Risk Society: bicycle helmets emerged as a technological fix for a specific risk, but are now described as the source of new risks to health and safety, due to their potential interactions with human psychologies and social behaviours. This encourages reflexivity on the conditions producing such risks, namely, the modernistic logic. Thus, mundane risks are both re-modernised and remain central to shaping identities and concerns. More specifically, the interaction between mundane risks and holistic conceptualisations of health is shown to contribute to the shift from first to second modernity.
319.
Barbier, Marc; Xantos, Aris; Arvanitis, Rigas
Retrospective analysis of the production of the revue d’anthropologie des connaissances Journal Article
In: Revue d'anthropologie des connaissances, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 207-230, 2017.
@article{barbier2017retrospective,
title = {Retrospective analysis of the production of the revue d’anthropologie des connaissances},
author = {Marc Barbier and Aris Xantos and Rigas Arvanitis},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3917/rac.035.0208},
doi = {10.3917/rac.035.0208},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
urldate = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Revue d'anthropologie des connaissances},
volume = {11},
number = {2},
pages = {207-230},
publisher = {SAC},
abstract = {Based on the corpus of all articles published during the ten-year existence of the Revue d’Anthropologie des Connaissances, this article offers a retrospective analysis of the status of authors, of the categories of published items, of contents of abstracts and keywords, and of references enlisted in the contributions. This analysis makes it possible to understand what the editorial project has generated during the 10 years of publication of the journal with regard to its editorial project and its willingness to foster an open science. This retrospective analysis leads to a synthesis of the way in which the Revue d’Anthropologie des Connaissances contributes to the landscape of scientific publishing today.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Based on the corpus of all articles published during the ten-year existence of the Revue d’Anthropologie des Connaissances, this article offers a retrospective analysis of the status of authors, of the categories of published items, of contents of abstracts and keywords, and of references enlisted in the contributions. This analysis makes it possible to understand what the editorial project has generated during the 10 years of publication of the journal with regard to its editorial project and its willingness to foster an open science. This retrospective analysis leads to a synthesis of the way in which the Revue d’Anthropologie des Connaissances contributes to the landscape of scientific publishing today.
320.
Brás, Oriana Rainho; Cointet, Jean-Philippe; Cambrosio, Alberto; David, Leonor; Nunes, João Arriscado; Cardoso, Fátima; Jerónimo, Carmen
Oncology research in late twentieth century and turn of the century Portugal: a scientometric approach to its institutional and semantic dimensions Journal Article
In: Scientometrics, vol. 113, no. 2, pp. 867-888, 2017.
@article{bras2017oncology,
title = {Oncology research in late twentieth century and turn of the century Portugal: a scientometric approach to its institutional and semantic dimensions},
author = {Oriana Rainho Brás and Jean-Philippe Cointet and Alberto Cambrosio and Leonor David and João Arriscado Nunes and Fátima Cardoso and Carmen Jerónimo},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2491-y},
doi = {10.1007/s11192-017-2491-y},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
urldate = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Scientometrics},
volume = {113},
number = {2},
pages = {867-888},
publisher = {Springer},
abstract = {This paper analyses the developmental dynamics of oncology research in Portugal during the second half of the twentieth century and early twenty first century. Grounding its conclusions in a scientometric analysis of a database of publications covering the period 1976–2015, the paper shows how the expansion of oncology research from the end of the 1990s through the 2000s is closely related to science and technology policy decisions in the country. The main actors of the institutional evolution of the field are public organizations, both hospital and academia/research-based, frequently working together. Portuguese oncology research focused especially on organ-based cancers, underlining the strong link between the laboratory and the clinic. Accordingly, translational research is a major trend in oncology research, as evidenced by the analysis of publications in major journals and inter-citation maps. Networks of institutional co-authorships show the importance of regional and international collaborations. The collaboration patterns over time reveal the importance of national and European collaborations during the initial years covered by our publication database, in line with the major impact of Portugal’s integration into the European Union, and a growing importance of regional collaborations, as well as with North and South American institutions in more recent years. Portugal provides a case study of how twentieth century policies at the national and European levels have impacted on the evolution of oncology research in countries from southern Europe.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper analyses the developmental dynamics of oncology research in Portugal during the second half of the twentieth century and early twenty first century. Grounding its conclusions in a scientometric analysis of a database of publications covering the period 1976–2015, the paper shows how the expansion of oncology research from the end of the 1990s through the 2000s is closely related to science and technology policy decisions in the country. The main actors of the institutional evolution of the field are public organizations, both hospital and academia/research-based, frequently working together. Portuguese oncology research focused especially on organ-based cancers, underlining the strong link between the laboratory and the clinic. Accordingly, translational research is a major trend in oncology research, as evidenced by the analysis of publications in major journals and inter-citation maps. Networks of institutional co-authorships show the importance of regional and international collaborations. The collaboration patterns over time reveal the importance of national and European collaborations during the initial years covered by our publication database, in line with the major impact of Portugal’s integration into the European Union, and a growing importance of regional collaborations, as well as with North and South American institutions in more recent years. Portugal provides a case study of how twentieth century policies at the national and European levels have impacted on the evolution of oncology research in countries from southern Europe.
LIST OF SCIENTIFIC WORKS THAT HAVE USED CORTEXT MANAGER
(Sources: Google Scholar, HAL, Scopus, WOS and search engines)
We are grateful that you have found CorTexT Manager useful. Over the years, you have been more than 1050 authors to trust CorTexT for your publicly accessible analyzes. This represents a little less than 10% of CorTexT Manager user’s community. So, thank you!
We seek to understand how the scientific production that used CorText Manager has evolved and to characterise it. You will find here our analysis of this scientific production.
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