2022
Proceedings Articles
41.
Copty, Nadim; Kazezyılmaz-Alhan, Cevza Melek
IWA 4th Regional Conference on Diffuse Pollution & Eutrophication Proceedings Article
In: International Water Association İstanbul, Türkiye, 2022, ISBN: 978-605-7880-13-0.
@inproceedings{Copty2022,
title = {IWA 4th Regional Conference on Diffuse Pollution & Eutrophication},
author = {Nadim Copty and Cevza Melek Kazezyılmaz-Alhan},
url = {https://iwadipcon2022.org/},
isbn = {978-605-7880-13-0},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-10-24},
address = {İstanbul, Türkiye},
organization = {International Water Association},
abstract = {We are pleased to present the Proceeding book of the 4th IWA Regional Conference on Diffuse Pollution & Eutrophication (DIPCON) that was held in Istanbul, Türkiye from October 24-28, 2022. From widespread pesticide use to heavy metal emissions from vehicular transport to microplastic release into the environment, diffuse pollution has become a major threat to the environment. Widespread soil pollution and eutrophication of water bodies across all continents and their impacts on living organisms and human health are a stark manifestation of the challenges we face. Anticipated climate change is likely to exacerbate the risk to the water resources of numerous regions of the world. Addressing these challenges requires a concerted holistic approach by stakeholders including scientists, engineers, hydrologists, policy makers, NGOs, and water regulators, and awareness and participation on the part of the general public. The purpose of this conference was to bring together these various perspectives thereby contributing to the scientific debate towards alleviating these adverse environmental effects.
DIPCON 2022 was held in Istanbul, Türkiye with more than 120 participants from more than 21 countries. The city of Istanbul, a welcoming vibrant megacity with a magnificent history and natural beauty, is the ideal place to host this meeting. Joining two continents with shores on three different seas, the city underscores the need to protect the environment we live in for the benefit of all.
The conference papers are organized into 13 sessions designed to address the latest technologies and approaches to alleviate the impacts of diffusion pollution on the Environment:
- Reservoir and Surface Water Bodies
- Soil Contamination
- Groundwater Hydrology and Quality
- Emerging Pollutants
- Urban/Industrial Water
- Ecological Protection and Restoration
- Extreme Hydrological Events
- Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation
- Nexus Approach
- Integrated Watershed Management
- Nature-Based Solutions and Implementation
- Wetland Construction and Managements
- Monitoring and Modeling
Participants at the DIPCON 2022 conference elucidated on the threat of diffuse pollution to surface water bodies, groundwater and soil environments and the latest strategies and technologies for environmental protection and restoration to address these threats. The adverse effects of extreme hydrological effects and projected climate change and the need to develop adaptation and mitigation strategies were highlighted. Recognizing the confluence of water, food and energy needs, along with the imperative to maintain ecological services, participants underlined the necessity to implement a Nexus approach and integrated water management plans that involve the active participation of all stakeholders. It is evident that societies need to resort to nature based solutions that balance the need for economic growth and food security with ecological protection. Speakers highlighted the need to utilize the latest technologies to develop models and monitoring tools at all scales for the sustainable use of available resources and the development of informed science-based policies.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
We are pleased to present the Proceeding book of the 4th IWA Regional Conference on Diffuse Pollution & Eutrophication (DIPCON) that was held in Istanbul, Türkiye from October 24-28, 2022. From widespread pesticide use to heavy metal emissions from vehicular transport to microplastic release into the environment, diffuse pollution has become a major threat to the environment. Widespread soil pollution and eutrophication of water bodies across all continents and their impacts on living organisms and human health are a stark manifestation of the challenges we face. Anticipated climate change is likely to exacerbate the risk to the water resources of numerous regions of the world. Addressing these challenges requires a concerted holistic approach by stakeholders including scientists, engineers, hydrologists, policy makers, NGOs, and water regulators, and awareness and participation on the part of the general public. The purpose of this conference was to bring together these various perspectives thereby contributing to the scientific debate towards alleviating these adverse environmental effects.
DIPCON 2022 was held in Istanbul, Türkiye with more than 120 participants from more than 21 countries. The city of Istanbul, a welcoming vibrant megacity with a magnificent history and natural beauty, is the ideal place to host this meeting. Joining two continents with shores on three different seas, the city underscores the need to protect the environment we live in for the benefit of all.
The conference papers are organized into 13 sessions designed to address the latest technologies and approaches to alleviate the impacts of diffusion pollution on the Environment:
- Reservoir and Surface Water Bodies
- Soil Contamination
- Groundwater Hydrology and Quality
- Emerging Pollutants
- Urban/Industrial Water
- Ecological Protection and Restoration
- Extreme Hydrological Events
- Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation
- Nexus Approach
- Integrated Watershed Management
- Nature-Based Solutions and Implementation
- Wetland Construction and Managements
- Monitoring and Modeling
Participants at the DIPCON 2022 conference elucidated on the threat of diffuse pollution to surface water bodies, groundwater and soil environments and the latest strategies and technologies for environmental protection and restoration to address these threats. The adverse effects of extreme hydrological effects and projected climate change and the need to develop adaptation and mitigation strategies were highlighted. Recognizing the confluence of water, food and energy needs, along with the imperative to maintain ecological services, participants underlined the necessity to implement a Nexus approach and integrated water management plans that involve the active participation of all stakeholders. It is evident that societies need to resort to nature based solutions that balance the need for economic growth and food security with ecological protection. Speakers highlighted the need to utilize the latest technologies to develop models and monitoring tools at all scales for the sustainable use of available resources and the development of informed science-based policies.
DIPCON 2022 was held in Istanbul, Türkiye with more than 120 participants from more than 21 countries. The city of Istanbul, a welcoming vibrant megacity with a magnificent history and natural beauty, is the ideal place to host this meeting. Joining two continents with shores on three different seas, the city underscores the need to protect the environment we live in for the benefit of all.
The conference papers are organized into 13 sessions designed to address the latest technologies and approaches to alleviate the impacts of diffusion pollution on the Environment:
- Reservoir and Surface Water Bodies
- Soil Contamination
- Groundwater Hydrology and Quality
- Emerging Pollutants
- Urban/Industrial Water
- Ecological Protection and Restoration
- Extreme Hydrological Events
- Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation
- Nexus Approach
- Integrated Watershed Management
- Nature-Based Solutions and Implementation
- Wetland Construction and Managements
- Monitoring and Modeling
Participants at the DIPCON 2022 conference elucidated on the threat of diffuse pollution to surface water bodies, groundwater and soil environments and the latest strategies and technologies for environmental protection and restoration to address these threats. The adverse effects of extreme hydrological effects and projected climate change and the need to develop adaptation and mitigation strategies were highlighted. Recognizing the confluence of water, food and energy needs, along with the imperative to maintain ecological services, participants underlined the necessity to implement a Nexus approach and integrated water management plans that involve the active participation of all stakeholders. It is evident that societies need to resort to nature based solutions that balance the need for economic growth and food security with ecological protection. Speakers highlighted the need to utilize the latest technologies to develop models and monitoring tools at all scales for the sustainable use of available resources and the development of informed science-based policies.
Masters Theses
42.
Kourri, Demetra
A Tunnel of Many Worlds: Unfolding the Blanka Controversy Masters Thesis
University of Manchester, 2022.
@mastersthesis{Kourri2022,
title = {A Tunnel of Many Worlds: Unfolding the Blanka Controversy},
author = {Demetra Kourri},
url = {https://pure.manchester.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/274926081/FULL_TEXT.PDF},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-07-31},
urldate = {2022-07-31},
school = {University of Manchester},
abstract = {This research offers new theoretical and methodological approaches to studying infrastructures in the making, through a pragmatist approach and by mobilising ANT methodology. This making process entails infrastructures as complex networks of things and people and as systems that co-exist and co-evolve with other forms of urban mobility. These systems are not only being built ‘in space’, but as ‘space making’ mechanisms have the potential to shift relations, priorities, and the future of cities. While scholars recognise infrastructures as relational, processual, and constituents of larger heterogeneous networks of actors, the very nature of the space that is produced through their making is yet to be expressed explicitly and/or on multiple scales. More specifically, we are yet to thoroughly theorise how through their conceptualisation and construction, infrastructures extend beyond themselves to shift the very nature of cities that contain them.
This thesis maps the controversy of the Blanka tunnel in Prague, where infrastructure becomes a lens through which we 'read' the city and its constant changes. This helps us explain how a city like Prague negotiates to maintain its historic and cultural character as a 'modern' metropolis. The pragmatic approach and ANT methodology do not see the tunnel as a stable artefact that is influenced purely by political decision-making, financial constraints or technical challenges. We refrain from using predefined explanatory frameworks or panoramic views and employ a series of ‘oligoptica’ (Latour and Hermant 1996) - narrow windows that allow us to see specific aspects of its making in detail.
We map the key actors and concerns of the controversy and see the network of the tunnel unfold, revealing various groups of human and non-human entities. Locating ourselves in specific places of practice, we witness how the tunnel is designed, managed, observed, controlled, discussed, and argued for, and we capture its making through as many voices and actions as possible. We follow the many planning and technical reports, road design manuals, bills of quantities, guidelines and standards, and technical drawings, allowing us to trace how the design and technology of the tunnel inform the re-making of Prague. By documenting the implementation of adopted technical design solutions that respond to the key issues of the controversy, we analyse how the discursive challenges of the project are translated onto its technical/material level and vice versa.
The thesis contributes to conceptual and methodological discussions on the ‘infrastructuring’ of cities, drawing on mobilities, the material turn, STS and ANT. By tracing a live infrastructural project in the making the thesis shows that the making of Blanka is an ‘infrastructuring’ of Prague. This means that the procedures and actions involving its planning and implementation are not just happening in space and time but produce space and time as they transform and question the very nature of the city.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {mastersthesis}
}
This research offers new theoretical and methodological approaches to studying infrastructures in the making, through a pragmatist approach and by mobilising ANT methodology. This making process entails infrastructures as complex networks of things and people and as systems that co-exist and co-evolve with other forms of urban mobility. These systems are not only being built ‘in space’, but as ‘space making’ mechanisms have the potential to shift relations, priorities, and the future of cities. While scholars recognise infrastructures as relational, processual, and constituents of larger heterogeneous networks of actors, the very nature of the space that is produced through their making is yet to be expressed explicitly and/or on multiple scales. More specifically, we are yet to thoroughly theorise how through their conceptualisation and construction, infrastructures extend beyond themselves to shift the very nature of cities that contain them.
This thesis maps the controversy of the Blanka tunnel in Prague, where infrastructure becomes a lens through which we 'read' the city and its constant changes. This helps us explain how a city like Prague negotiates to maintain its historic and cultural character as a 'modern' metropolis. The pragmatic approach and ANT methodology do not see the tunnel as a stable artefact that is influenced purely by political decision-making, financial constraints or technical challenges. We refrain from using predefined explanatory frameworks or panoramic views and employ a series of ‘oligoptica’ (Latour and Hermant 1996) - narrow windows that allow us to see specific aspects of its making in detail.
We map the key actors and concerns of the controversy and see the network of the tunnel unfold, revealing various groups of human and non-human entities. Locating ourselves in specific places of practice, we witness how the tunnel is designed, managed, observed, controlled, discussed, and argued for, and we capture its making through as many voices and actions as possible. We follow the many planning and technical reports, road design manuals, bills of quantities, guidelines and standards, and technical drawings, allowing us to trace how the design and technology of the tunnel inform the re-making of Prague. By documenting the implementation of adopted technical design solutions that respond to the key issues of the controversy, we analyse how the discursive challenges of the project are translated onto its technical/material level and vice versa.
The thesis contributes to conceptual and methodological discussions on the ‘infrastructuring’ of cities, drawing on mobilities, the material turn, STS and ANT. By tracing a live infrastructural project in the making the thesis shows that the making of Blanka is an ‘infrastructuring’ of Prague. This means that the procedures and actions involving its planning and implementation are not just happening in space and time but produce space and time as they transform and question the very nature of the city.
This thesis maps the controversy of the Blanka tunnel in Prague, where infrastructure becomes a lens through which we 'read' the city and its constant changes. This helps us explain how a city like Prague negotiates to maintain its historic and cultural character as a 'modern' metropolis. The pragmatic approach and ANT methodology do not see the tunnel as a stable artefact that is influenced purely by political decision-making, financial constraints or technical challenges. We refrain from using predefined explanatory frameworks or panoramic views and employ a series of ‘oligoptica’ (Latour and Hermant 1996) - narrow windows that allow us to see specific aspects of its making in detail.
We map the key actors and concerns of the controversy and see the network of the tunnel unfold, revealing various groups of human and non-human entities. Locating ourselves in specific places of practice, we witness how the tunnel is designed, managed, observed, controlled, discussed, and argued for, and we capture its making through as many voices and actions as possible. We follow the many planning and technical reports, road design manuals, bills of quantities, guidelines and standards, and technical drawings, allowing us to trace how the design and technology of the tunnel inform the re-making of Prague. By documenting the implementation of adopted technical design solutions that respond to the key issues of the controversy, we analyse how the discursive challenges of the project are translated onto its technical/material level and vice versa.
The thesis contributes to conceptual and methodological discussions on the ‘infrastructuring’ of cities, drawing on mobilities, the material turn, STS and ANT. By tracing a live infrastructural project in the making the thesis shows that the making of Blanka is an ‘infrastructuring’ of Prague. This means that the procedures and actions involving its planning and implementation are not just happening in space and time but produce space and time as they transform and question the very nature of the city.
43.
Engell, Jeppe
Transfer, aktion og data! Masters Thesis
Aalborg Universitet, 2022.
@mastersthesis{Engell2022,
title = {Transfer, aktion og data!},
author = {Jeppe Engell},
url = {https://projekter.aau.dk/projekter/da/studentthesis/transfer-aktion-og-data(d4e54e2e-f2da-444a-98e8-a8eaa8024322).html
https://projekter.aau.dk/projekter/files/472529472/master_opgave_mdo_final_version.pdf},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-05-25},
school = {Aalborg Universitet},
abstract = {In HK, academy subjects, diploma subjects, master's subjects are completed every year, students write subject tests and trainees write assignments. In the assignments, based on well-considered problem formulations, important knowledge and data for HK are produced, concluded and reflected on. That knowledge is not collected, analyzed and converted into new workflows and this means that continuing education is not followed up on and thus can only be considered as personal development. The real issues that HK has in many areas are not combined with the employees who take subjects as continuing education.
New inputs from conferences, networks and journalism are not discussed and converted into issues that can be investigated in subjects at several levels. There is no requirement that knowledge and data that the employees produce be disseminated. The above is not unique to HK, as is the case in the vast majority of workplaces in Denmark. In fact, research shows that up to 85 percent of learning efforts are wasted. But if, on the other hand, students could be taught to become better at acting, the picture would look completely different. To act, based on what one has learned, is called 'Transfer'. "
Therefore, under this task seeks: How can HK through data workshops with employees examine its approach to continuing education and adjust it so that there is a transfer of knowledge from the tasks from the employees to the company and the experience of follow-up is increased?
The 5 data workshops made in this assignment on transfer of knowledge from education to workplaces, clearly show that it is possible to achieve practical knowledge sharing and competence development around the subject and thus come up with a new practice around transfer that will also increase the experience of follow-up among employees.
Data workshops show that advanced technology to produce data, if used and presented in the right way, can create a premise and the driver that creates the understanding of the necessity of change in practice.
It is not enough just to see the necessity of the change anymore, it must also make sense in relation to own and organizational values. It showed the data workshops in full how challenged HK is when employees experience that doubts arise about HK’s values and what happens when they are clear.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {mastersthesis}
}
In HK, academy subjects, diploma subjects, master's subjects are completed every year, students write subject tests and trainees write assignments. In the assignments, based on well-considered problem formulations, important knowledge and data for HK are produced, concluded and reflected on. That knowledge is not collected, analyzed and converted into new workflows and this means that continuing education is not followed up on and thus can only be considered as personal development. The real issues that HK has in many areas are not combined with the employees who take subjects as continuing education.
New inputs from conferences, networks and journalism are not discussed and converted into issues that can be investigated in subjects at several levels. There is no requirement that knowledge and data that the employees produce be disseminated. The above is not unique to HK, as is the case in the vast majority of workplaces in Denmark. In fact, research shows that up to 85 percent of learning efforts are wasted. But if, on the other hand, students could be taught to become better at acting, the picture would look completely different. To act, based on what one has learned, is called 'Transfer'. "
Therefore, under this task seeks: How can HK through data workshops with employees examine its approach to continuing education and adjust it so that there is a transfer of knowledge from the tasks from the employees to the company and the experience of follow-up is increased?
The 5 data workshops made in this assignment on transfer of knowledge from education to workplaces, clearly show that it is possible to achieve practical knowledge sharing and competence development around the subject and thus come up with a new practice around transfer that will also increase the experience of follow-up among employees.
Data workshops show that advanced technology to produce data, if used and presented in the right way, can create a premise and the driver that creates the understanding of the necessity of change in practice.
It is not enough just to see the necessity of the change anymore, it must also make sense in relation to own and organizational values. It showed the data workshops in full how challenged HK is when employees experience that doubts arise about HK’s values and what happens when they are clear.
New inputs from conferences, networks and journalism are not discussed and converted into issues that can be investigated in subjects at several levels. There is no requirement that knowledge and data that the employees produce be disseminated. The above is not unique to HK, as is the case in the vast majority of workplaces in Denmark. In fact, research shows that up to 85 percent of learning efforts are wasted. But if, on the other hand, students could be taught to become better at acting, the picture would look completely different. To act, based on what one has learned, is called 'Transfer'. "
Therefore, under this task seeks: How can HK through data workshops with employees examine its approach to continuing education and adjust it so that there is a transfer of knowledge from the tasks from the employees to the company and the experience of follow-up is increased?
The 5 data workshops made in this assignment on transfer of knowledge from education to workplaces, clearly show that it is possible to achieve practical knowledge sharing and competence development around the subject and thus come up with a new practice around transfer that will also increase the experience of follow-up among employees.
Data workshops show that advanced technology to produce data, if used and presented in the right way, can create a premise and the driver that creates the understanding of the necessity of change in practice.
It is not enough just to see the necessity of the change anymore, it must also make sense in relation to own and organizational values. It showed the data workshops in full how challenged HK is when employees experience that doubts arise about HK’s values and what happens when they are clear.
Online
44.
Koronska, Kamila; Lompe, Maria; Rogers, Richard
Mapping controversial narratives related to the 2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine in Polish-language social media Facilitators Online
(DMI), The Digital Methods Initiative (Ed.): 2022, visited: 28.09.2022.
@online{Koronska2022,
title = {Mapping controversial narratives related to the 2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine in Polish-language social media Facilitators},
author = {Kamila Koronska and Maria Lompe and Richard Rogers},
editor = {The Digital Methods Initiative (DMI)},
url = {https://digitalmethods.net/Dmi/RussoUkrainianWarPolishSocialMedia2022},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-28},
urldate = {2022-09-28},
abstract = {According to tallies by the UNHCR at the end of June 2022, since the beginning of the Russian invasion of Ukraine more than 5.2 million refugees have fled Ukraine and relocated across Europe, with over a million residing in neighbouring Poland (2022). Poland has played an important role in facilitating rescue corridors for Ukrainians, at one point welcoming almost half of the total number of refugees. At the onset of the war, Polish media started to report an alarming rise in controversial narratives shared on social media platforms concerning Ukranians (Wirtualne Media, Onet.pl, RMF24, Konkret24).
Among these are calls for reducing aid to the Ukrainian refugees, evoking historical, economic or other arguments that seek to undermine public sentiment and eagerness to help. The stakes can be high. There have been extreme situations that threaten the most vulnerable such as when there was an orchestrated buy out of necessities and queues at gas stations.
Since the war in Ukraine started, over 2 million Ukrainian refugees have fled to Poland seeking shelter. Journalists have reported a rise in controversial narratives found online concerning the motives of Ukrainian refugees as well as reactions to them. Our objective is to map these narratives and attempt to find out actors who spread them in the Polish social media sphere.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
According to tallies by the UNHCR at the end of June 2022, since the beginning of the Russian invasion of Ukraine more than 5.2 million refugees have fled Ukraine and relocated across Europe, with over a million residing in neighbouring Poland (2022). Poland has played an important role in facilitating rescue corridors for Ukrainians, at one point welcoming almost half of the total number of refugees. At the onset of the war, Polish media started to report an alarming rise in controversial narratives shared on social media platforms concerning Ukranians (Wirtualne Media, Onet.pl, RMF24, Konkret24).
Among these are calls for reducing aid to the Ukrainian refugees, evoking historical, economic or other arguments that seek to undermine public sentiment and eagerness to help. The stakes can be high. There have been extreme situations that threaten the most vulnerable such as when there was an orchestrated buy out of necessities and queues at gas stations.
Since the war in Ukraine started, over 2 million Ukrainian refugees have fled to Poland seeking shelter. Journalists have reported a rise in controversial narratives found online concerning the motives of Ukrainian refugees as well as reactions to them. Our objective is to map these narratives and attempt to find out actors who spread them in the Polish social media sphere.
Among these are calls for reducing aid to the Ukrainian refugees, evoking historical, economic or other arguments that seek to undermine public sentiment and eagerness to help. The stakes can be high. There have been extreme situations that threaten the most vulnerable such as when there was an orchestrated buy out of necessities and queues at gas stations.
Since the war in Ukraine started, over 2 million Ukrainian refugees have fled to Poland seeking shelter. Journalists have reported a rise in controversial narratives found online concerning the motives of Ukrainian refugees as well as reactions to them. Our objective is to map these narratives and attempt to find out actors who spread them in the Polish social media sphere.
45.
Kamara, Abdourahmane Tintou; Vignes, Annick; Polleau, Auriane; Deschamps, Aurore; Caputo, Chiara; Prieur, Christophe; Egher, Claudia; Cubizolles, Dylan; Armanet, Enguerrand; Lucifora, Federico; Laglil, Hajar; Miotto, Marilù; Delivre, Raphael; Tadiello, Sébastien; Tuncer, Sila; Persico, Simone; Billard, Tom; Chabaux, Valentin; Tahiri, Zakaria
Crawling the italian Green Pass debate on Twitter Online
(DMI), The Digital Methods Initiative (Ed.): 2022, visited: 18.02.2022.
@online{Kamara2022,
title = {Crawling the italian Green Pass debate on Twitter},
author = {Abdourahmane Tintou Kamara and Annick Vignes and Auriane Polleau and Aurore Deschamps and Chiara Caputo and Christophe Prieur and Claudia Egher and Dylan Cubizolles and Enguerrand Armanet and Federico Lucifora and Hajar Laglil and Marilù Miotto and Raphael Delivre and Sébastien Tadiello and Sila Tuncer and Simone Persico and Tom Billard and Valentin Chabaux and Zakaria Tahiri},
editor = {The Digital Methods Initiative (DMI)},
url = {https://digitalmethods.net/Dmi/CrawlingItalianGreenPassDebate},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-02-18},
urldate = {2022-02-18},
abstract = {The last Censis report about the social situation in Italy highlighted that the number of people adhering to irrational thoughts is increasing and that this could be related to the pandemic situation. The term irrational describe the situation where people become victim of cognitive biases that could led them to wrong interpretations and conduct to conspiracy theories.
Social Networks are nowadays platforms that lot of users use to directly find informations about social interest topics and doing so they can be influenced by the contents that other people shares.
Twitter is a space where common people, VIPs, politics and journalists debate about actuality topics and sometime can become an highly polarizing environment. In Italy one of the most divisive topics since his institution in the middle of July has been the covid-19 certificate (commonly known as “green pass”).
The purpose of the project is to explore and classify the most polarizing contents surrounding this debate, particularly focusing on the external sources of informations shared into the platform.
A list of source domains will be crawled to map the network, in order to find links that can be used as sign of homophily between sources. The position into the debate will be evaluated according to proximity to known sources of information, previously labelled as “mainstream” or “not mainstream” with the aim of revealing the possible presence of platforms related to conspiracies in the sources far from mainstream media.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
The last Censis report about the social situation in Italy highlighted that the number of people adhering to irrational thoughts is increasing and that this could be related to the pandemic situation. The term irrational describe the situation where people become victim of cognitive biases that could led them to wrong interpretations and conduct to conspiracy theories.
Social Networks are nowadays platforms that lot of users use to directly find informations about social interest topics and doing so they can be influenced by the contents that other people shares.
Twitter is a space where common people, VIPs, politics and journalists debate about actuality topics and sometime can become an highly polarizing environment. In Italy one of the most divisive topics since his institution in the middle of July has been the covid-19 certificate (commonly known as “green pass”).
The purpose of the project is to explore and classify the most polarizing contents surrounding this debate, particularly focusing on the external sources of informations shared into the platform.
A list of source domains will be crawled to map the network, in order to find links that can be used as sign of homophily between sources. The position into the debate will be evaluated according to proximity to known sources of information, previously labelled as “mainstream” or “not mainstream” with the aim of revealing the possible presence of platforms related to conspiracies in the sources far from mainstream media.
Social Networks are nowadays platforms that lot of users use to directly find informations about social interest topics and doing so they can be influenced by the contents that other people shares.
Twitter is a space where common people, VIPs, politics and journalists debate about actuality topics and sometime can become an highly polarizing environment. In Italy one of the most divisive topics since his institution in the middle of July has been the covid-19 certificate (commonly known as “green pass”).
The purpose of the project is to explore and classify the most polarizing contents surrounding this debate, particularly focusing on the external sources of informations shared into the platform.
A list of source domains will be crawled to map the network, in order to find links that can be used as sign of homophily between sources. The position into the debate will be evaluated according to proximity to known sources of information, previously labelled as “mainstream” or “not mainstream” with the aim of revealing the possible presence of platforms related to conspiracies in the sources far from mainstream media.
PhD Theses
46.
Sørhaug, Jon Olav
På sporet av aktørar som skriv Ein studie av to digitale samskrivingskasus i ein ungdomsskoleklasse PhD Thesis
2022, ISSN: 1504-9272.
@phdthesis{Sørhaug2022,
title = {På sporet av aktørar som skriv Ein studie av to digitale samskrivingskasus i ein ungdomsskoleklasse},
author = {Jon Olav Sørhaug},
editor = {Universitetet i Agder},
url = {https://uia.brage.unit.no/uia-xmlui/bitstream/handle/11250/3035826/Dissertation.pdf?sequence=4},
issn = {1504-9272},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-06-05},
urldate = {2022-06-05},
abstract = {On the Trail of Actors Who Write is a study of two digital cases of collaborative writing in a Norwegian lower secondary school class. The study maps, analyzes and discusses the writing process in two collaborative writing groups, consisting of six students – in close collaboration with software, texts from the Internet and other digital actors, during three double lessons in February 2020.
The study applies socio-material theory to writing in school contexts. The conceptual framework is based on actor-network theory (ANT), theories of linguistic materiality, visual network analysis (VNA) and case study methodology. The collected material in the study consists of both quantitative and qualitative data: student texts and source texts, video and screen recordings, and also interviews with the teacher and students participating in the project.
Central to the study is the question of how human and digital actors interact while writing, and which role technology plays in this process. The study reveals that the student texts are produced through a number of negotiations and trials of strength between students, search engines, digital source texts and writing software. Search engines greatly influence the planning processes in that they select, prioritize and promote other actors' texts, and indeed specific parts of these texts. The source texts affect the composition of student texts by circulating, replicating and, in some cases, mutating the linguistic material into
their texts. Writing software affects students' spelling through writing suggestions and corrective interruptions in the digital environment. The production of the student texts can thus be seen as transformations of linguistic material originating in the digital actors that participate in the writing process, and to some extent originating in the students themselves.
In several of the situations observed in these two collaborative writing cases, it is the digital actors that seem to have the greatest power of negotiation and impact. A practical implication for writing education can therefore be to strengthen lower secondary school students' critical approach and ability to negotiate with digital actors, so that students can make more independent choices while writing, also when collaboratively writing with each other and through digital technology.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
On the Trail of Actors Who Write is a study of two digital cases of collaborative writing in a Norwegian lower secondary school class. The study maps, analyzes and discusses the writing process in two collaborative writing groups, consisting of six students – in close collaboration with software, texts from the Internet and other digital actors, during three double lessons in February 2020.
The study applies socio-material theory to writing in school contexts. The conceptual framework is based on actor-network theory (ANT), theories of linguistic materiality, visual network analysis (VNA) and case study methodology. The collected material in the study consists of both quantitative and qualitative data: student texts and source texts, video and screen recordings, and also interviews with the teacher and students participating in the project.
Central to the study is the question of how human and digital actors interact while writing, and which role technology plays in this process. The study reveals that the student texts are produced through a number of negotiations and trials of strength between students, search engines, digital source texts and writing software. Search engines greatly influence the planning processes in that they select, prioritize and promote other actors' texts, and indeed specific parts of these texts. The source texts affect the composition of student texts by circulating, replicating and, in some cases, mutating the linguistic material into
their texts. Writing software affects students' spelling through writing suggestions and corrective interruptions in the digital environment. The production of the student texts can thus be seen as transformations of linguistic material originating in the digital actors that participate in the writing process, and to some extent originating in the students themselves.
In several of the situations observed in these two collaborative writing cases, it is the digital actors that seem to have the greatest power of negotiation and impact. A practical implication for writing education can therefore be to strengthen lower secondary school students' critical approach and ability to negotiate with digital actors, so that students can make more independent choices while writing, also when collaboratively writing with each other and through digital technology.
The study applies socio-material theory to writing in school contexts. The conceptual framework is based on actor-network theory (ANT), theories of linguistic materiality, visual network analysis (VNA) and case study methodology. The collected material in the study consists of both quantitative and qualitative data: student texts and source texts, video and screen recordings, and also interviews with the teacher and students participating in the project.
Central to the study is the question of how human and digital actors interact while writing, and which role technology plays in this process. The study reveals that the student texts are produced through a number of negotiations and trials of strength between students, search engines, digital source texts and writing software. Search engines greatly influence the planning processes in that they select, prioritize and promote other actors' texts, and indeed specific parts of these texts. The source texts affect the composition of student texts by circulating, replicating and, in some cases, mutating the linguistic material into
their texts. Writing software affects students' spelling through writing suggestions and corrective interruptions in the digital environment. The production of the student texts can thus be seen as transformations of linguistic material originating in the digital actors that participate in the writing process, and to some extent originating in the students themselves.
In several of the situations observed in these two collaborative writing cases, it is the digital actors that seem to have the greatest power of negotiation and impact. A practical implication for writing education can therefore be to strengthen lower secondary school students' critical approach and ability to negotiate with digital actors, so that students can make more independent choices while writing, also when collaboratively writing with each other and through digital technology.
47.
McIlwaine, Neil
A market analysis of customer-connected mass energy storage PhD Thesis
2022, (EThOS ID: uk.bl.ethos.854974).
@phdthesis{nokey,
title = {A market analysis of customer-connected mass energy storage},
author = {Neil McIlwaine},
url = {https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.854974
https://pure.qub.ac.uk/files/320007520/Thesis_Neil_McIlwaine_rev_33rev1_NMC.pdf},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-06-01},
urldate = {2022-06-01},
institution = {Queen's University Belfast},
abstract = {The electricity operators on the island of Ireland have policy objectives to generate at least 70% of electricity from renewable sources by 2030. The source of this renewable power will mainly be wind and storage is needed to facilitate this transition. However, to date the roll out and market uptake of storage has been slow in the Irish grid. Therefore, this research undertook a market analysis of the technical and economic value of distributed mass energy storage to examine storage considering these targets. The research uses the Irish market as a case study with specific modelling on the Northern Ireland system which is a subset of the overall market. The modelling and the results of the research are applicable and relevant to all regions which operate with a high share of renewables. The research had four parts. In part 1, a global techno-economic review of the status of energy storage and power quality services focusing on ten countries with differing political, social, and economic trends was undertaken. This led to a combined strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) appraisal informed by the data and information from the ten countries response to embedded and distributed renewable generation and storage. The SWOT analysis is then coupled to a Pugh chart to indicate optimal concept choice in the later analyses. Then in part 2, a gap analysis of the ten countries to determine the frameworks and approaches used to regulate, plan, and operate retail electricity markets was carried out in order to inform the modelling. Next in part 3, a suite of financial models was developed to quantify the market revenue available for battery storage investment that could provide ancillary services, network congestion relief and response to local system events. Then a dynamic economic dispatch model in MATLAB was developed to test the economic production schedule with and without battery storage and a unit commitment model was developed to determine the costs of providing system reserve using fossil fuel generation so a comparison could be made in the scenario where the reserve is provided by battery storage. The key finding is that the revenue available from the current schemes are insufficient to attract investment in energy storage. It is recommended that system operators reform the existing schemes, design new schemes and look to the wider benefits that energy storage brings to fossil fuels generation. Finally, in part 4, a unit commitment wholesale electricity market model of the SEM focusing on the Northern Ireland system was developed in Energy Exemplar's PLEXOS for Power Systems. It makes for an interesting case study for other jurisdictions as it is an electrically isolated grid with limited interconnection and storage but operating with a high share of renewables. Here four combinations of wind generation and load were assessed to measure the effect of varying levels of battery storage. The benefits of storage were clearly demonstrated with reductions in emission levels and generation costs, load smoothing, ramping reduction, reduced maintenance and reduced curtailment of renewables. For example, the monthly model run with 300 MW of battery storage at 70% SNSP resulted in a generation cost decrease of £500k, an emission decrease of 28k tonnes CO2, and total ramping decrease of 478 hours compared to the no storage scenario. Currently revenue streams for provision of these benefits associated with generation and demonstrated by the modelling do not exist. Therefore, it is recommended that these services are properly valued in order to attract future investment. Overall, this research clearly demonstrates the gap that exists between the positive benefits of battery storage and the less than adequate revenue being pitched to attract investment into technology to achieve climate change targets with recommendations made to address this based on the findings. In fact, an optimum level of storage exists which is dependent on demand and wind generation. The research in this thesis indicates this level to be between 200 MW and 300 MW. A report published in the year 2021 by the system operator stated an expected storage in Northern Ireland of 200 MW by 2030. Therefore, this expected storage rating needs revised based on the results of the research. The key recommendation is that the regulators and the grid operators urgently revisit the current schemes and restructure them otherwise we may have power quality and supply issues into the future as current fossil fuel, mainly gas generators are mothballed. },
note = {EThOS ID: uk.bl.ethos.854974},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
The electricity operators on the island of Ireland have policy objectives to generate at least 70% of electricity from renewable sources by 2030. The source of this renewable power will mainly be wind and storage is needed to facilitate this transition. However, to date the roll out and market uptake of storage has been slow in the Irish grid. Therefore, this research undertook a market analysis of the technical and economic value of distributed mass energy storage to examine storage considering these targets. The research uses the Irish market as a case study with specific modelling on the Northern Ireland system which is a subset of the overall market. The modelling and the results of the research are applicable and relevant to all regions which operate with a high share of renewables. The research had four parts. In part 1, a global techno-economic review of the status of energy storage and power quality services focusing on ten countries with differing political, social, and economic trends was undertaken. This led to a combined strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) appraisal informed by the data and information from the ten countries response to embedded and distributed renewable generation and storage. The SWOT analysis is then coupled to a Pugh chart to indicate optimal concept choice in the later analyses. Then in part 2, a gap analysis of the ten countries to determine the frameworks and approaches used to regulate, plan, and operate retail electricity markets was carried out in order to inform the modelling. Next in part 3, a suite of financial models was developed to quantify the market revenue available for battery storage investment that could provide ancillary services, network congestion relief and response to local system events. Then a dynamic economic dispatch model in MATLAB was developed to test the economic production schedule with and without battery storage and a unit commitment model was developed to determine the costs of providing system reserve using fossil fuel generation so a comparison could be made in the scenario where the reserve is provided by battery storage. The key finding is that the revenue available from the current schemes are insufficient to attract investment in energy storage. It is recommended that system operators reform the existing schemes, design new schemes and look to the wider benefits that energy storage brings to fossil fuels generation. Finally, in part 4, a unit commitment wholesale electricity market model of the SEM focusing on the Northern Ireland system was developed in Energy Exemplar's PLEXOS for Power Systems. It makes for an interesting case study for other jurisdictions as it is an electrically isolated grid with limited interconnection and storage but operating with a high share of renewables. Here four combinations of wind generation and load were assessed to measure the effect of varying levels of battery storage. The benefits of storage were clearly demonstrated with reductions in emission levels and generation costs, load smoothing, ramping reduction, reduced maintenance and reduced curtailment of renewables. For example, the monthly model run with 300 MW of battery storage at 70% SNSP resulted in a generation cost decrease of £500k, an emission decrease of 28k tonnes CO2, and total ramping decrease of 478 hours compared to the no storage scenario. Currently revenue streams for provision of these benefits associated with generation and demonstrated by the modelling do not exist. Therefore, it is recommended that these services are properly valued in order to attract future investment. Overall, this research clearly demonstrates the gap that exists between the positive benefits of battery storage and the less than adequate revenue being pitched to attract investment into technology to achieve climate change targets with recommendations made to address this based on the findings. In fact, an optimum level of storage exists which is dependent on demand and wind generation. The research in this thesis indicates this level to be between 200 MW and 300 MW. A report published in the year 2021 by the system operator stated an expected storage in Northern Ireland of 200 MW by 2030. Therefore, this expected storage rating needs revised based on the results of the research. The key recommendation is that the regulators and the grid operators urgently revisit the current schemes and restructure them otherwise we may have power quality and supply issues into the future as current fossil fuel, mainly gas generators are mothballed.
2021
Journal Articles
48.
Abdo, Alexandre Hannud; Cointet, Jean-Philippe; Bourret, Pascale; Cambrosio, Alberto
Domain-topic models with chained dimensions: Charting an emergent domain of a major oncology conference Journal Article
In: Canadian Institutes of Health Research, 2021.
@article{Abdo2021,
title = {Domain-topic models with chained dimensions: Charting an emergent domain of a major oncology conference},
author = {Alexandre Hannud Abdo and Jean-Philippe Cointet and Pascale Bourret and Alberto Cambrosio},
url = {https://asistdl.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.24606},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24606},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-11-24},
urldate = {2021-11-24},
journal = {Canadian Institutes of Health Research},
abstract = {This paper presents a contribution to the study of bibliographic corpora through science mapping. From a graph representation of documents and their textual dimension, stochastic block models can provide a simultaneous clustering of documents and words that we call a domain-topic model. Previous work investigated the resulting topics, or word clusters, while ours focuses on the study of the document clusters we call domains. To enable the description and interactive navigation of domains, we introduce measures and interfaces that consider the structure of the model to relate both types of clusters. We then present a procedure that extends the block model to cluster metadata attributes of documents, which we call a domain-chained model, noting that our measures and interfaces transpose to metadata clusters. We provide an example application to a corpus relevant to current science, technology and society (STS) research and an interesting case for our approach: the abstracts presented between 1995 and 2017 at the American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting, the major oncology research conference. Through a sequence of domain-topic and domain-chained models, we identify and describe a group of domains that have notably grown through the last decades and which we relate to the establishment of “oncopolicy” as a major concern in oncology.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper presents a contribution to the study of bibliographic corpora through science mapping. From a graph representation of documents and their textual dimension, stochastic block models can provide a simultaneous clustering of documents and words that we call a domain-topic model. Previous work investigated the resulting topics, or word clusters, while ours focuses on the study of the document clusters we call domains. To enable the description and interactive navigation of domains, we introduce measures and interfaces that consider the structure of the model to relate both types of clusters. We then present a procedure that extends the block model to cluster metadata attributes of documents, which we call a domain-chained model, noting that our measures and interfaces transpose to metadata clusters. We provide an example application to a corpus relevant to current science, technology and society (STS) research and an interesting case for our approach: the abstracts presented between 1995 and 2017 at the American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting, the major oncology research conference. Through a sequence of domain-topic and domain-chained models, we identify and describe a group of domains that have notably grown through the last decades and which we relate to the establishment of “oncopolicy” as a major concern in oncology.
49.
Milia, Matías Federico
Global trends, Local threads. The Thematic Orientation of Renewable Energy Research in Mexico and Argentina between 1992 and 2016 Journal Article
In: Journal of Scientometric Research, vol. 10, pp. s32-s45, 2021.
@article{Milia2021,
title = {Global trends, Local threads. The Thematic Orientation of Renewable Energy Research in Mexico and Argentina between 1992 and 2016},
author = {Matías Federico Milia},
url = {https://jscires.org/sites/default/files/JScientometRes-10-1s-s32.pdf},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/jscires.10.1s.20},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-06-01},
urldate = {2021-06-01},
journal = {Journal of Scientometric Research},
volume = {10},
pages = {s32-s45},
abstract = {Setting research agendas requires a substantial allocation of resources. Non – hegemonic countries lack the means to influence global trends in knowledge production. Still, some margin is available. By selecting specific topics to focus on, these countries build a national approach to global issues. This paper examines how two Latin American countries, namely Mexico and Argentina, have tackled the global challenge of developing new and renewable forms of energy through their research activities between 1992 and 2016. It stresses the historical and national specificities of global quests in a Latin-American setting by choosing two countries with central roles in the region and research systems of similar size and distinctive traditions. This research utilizes textual data from bibliometric sources. More precisely, the fields title, abstract, and keywords from the energy collection at the Scopus database. Text is processed using natural language detection techniques (NPL) to find a complex and relevant set of describing terms. The query line was built to grasp the discussion in detail, drawing on literature reviews and technology briefs. Findings show threads and rhythms bounded to the national dimension. Continual and harmonious evolution of research efforts stands out for Mexico. In Argentina, a distinctive set of preoccupations emerges in different moments during the studied period. The article provides relevant evidence that enables a reflection on how strategic-oriented efforts effectively unfold in a particular set of time and spatial coordinates. It also brings forward a methodological take to assess local competencies and trajectories on issues of global public concern.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Setting research agendas requires a substantial allocation of resources. Non – hegemonic countries lack the means to influence global trends in knowledge production. Still, some margin is available. By selecting specific topics to focus on, these countries build a national approach to global issues. This paper examines how two Latin American countries, namely Mexico and Argentina, have tackled the global challenge of developing new and renewable forms of energy through their research activities between 1992 and 2016. It stresses the historical and national specificities of global quests in a Latin-American setting by choosing two countries with central roles in the region and research systems of similar size and distinctive traditions. This research utilizes textual data from bibliometric sources. More precisely, the fields title, abstract, and keywords from the energy collection at the Scopus database. Text is processed using natural language detection techniques (NPL) to find a complex and relevant set of describing terms. The query line was built to grasp the discussion in detail, drawing on literature reviews and technology briefs. Findings show threads and rhythms bounded to the national dimension. Continual and harmonious evolution of research efforts stands out for Mexico. In Argentina, a distinctive set of preoccupations emerges in different moments during the studied period. The article provides relevant evidence that enables a reflection on how strategic-oriented efforts effectively unfold in a particular set of time and spatial coordinates. It also brings forward a methodological take to assess local competencies and trajectories on issues of global public concern.
50.
de Raymond, Antoine Bernard; Alpha, Arlène; Ben-Ari, Tamara; Daviron, Benoît; Nesme, Thomas; Tétart, Gilles
Systemic risk and food security. Emerging trends and future avenues for research Journal Article
In: Global Food Security, 2021.
@article{deRaymond2021,
title = {Systemic risk and food security. Emerging trends and future avenues for research},
author = {Antoine Bernard de Raymond and Arlène Alpha and Tamara Ben-Ari and Benoît Daviron and Thomas Nesme and Gilles Tétart},
url = {http://agri.ckcest.cn/file1/M00/02/DB/Csgk0WC5rL2ALdKRABEk1jUjpcE370.pdf},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100547},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-05-14},
urldate = {2021-05-14},
journal = {Global Food Security},
abstract = {The unanticipated international food price spike of 2008 has raised concerns about global food security. Might food systems lastingly fail to supply, trade, and distribute food? Might widespread unsustainable agricultural practices irreversibly alter ecosystems? Or might large scale food shortages trigger political unrest? To answer these questions, we reflect upon the concept of systemic risk and conduct a review of the literature on systemic risks and food security. First, we present the concept of systemic risk and current trends in systemic risk research.
We then analyze contributions on systemic risk and food security. We first show that the literature has so far focused on a) agricultural production and correlated yield-losses, and on ways of pooling risk at regional or global-level, and b) the role of international trade in increasing or decreasing systemic risk. We then identify avenues for further research, highlighting the impact of intensive farming on ecosystems. Finally, we discuss the concept of systemic risk: we show that scholars need to be careful when assuming that there exists just one global food system; we show that systemic risk can be understood in various ways, beyond the domino effect paradigm.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The unanticipated international food price spike of 2008 has raised concerns about global food security. Might food systems lastingly fail to supply, trade, and distribute food? Might widespread unsustainable agricultural practices irreversibly alter ecosystems? Or might large scale food shortages trigger political unrest? To answer these questions, we reflect upon the concept of systemic risk and conduct a review of the literature on systemic risks and food security. First, we present the concept of systemic risk and current trends in systemic risk research.
We then analyze contributions on systemic risk and food security. We first show that the literature has so far focused on a) agricultural production and correlated yield-losses, and on ways of pooling risk at regional or global-level, and b) the role of international trade in increasing or decreasing systemic risk. We then identify avenues for further research, highlighting the impact of intensive farming on ecosystems. Finally, we discuss the concept of systemic risk: we show that scholars need to be careful when assuming that there exists just one global food system; we show that systemic risk can be understood in various ways, beyond the domino effect paradigm.
We then analyze contributions on systemic risk and food security. We first show that the literature has so far focused on a) agricultural production and correlated yield-losses, and on ways of pooling risk at regional or global-level, and b) the role of international trade in increasing or decreasing systemic risk. We then identify avenues for further research, highlighting the impact of intensive farming on ecosystems. Finally, we discuss the concept of systemic risk: we show that scholars need to be careful when assuming that there exists just one global food system; we show that systemic risk can be understood in various ways, beyond the domino effect paradigm.
51.
Johanes, Mikhael
Expanding agency: The mapping of architectural design discourse in Indonesia's academic publications Journal Article
In: ARSNET, 2021, ISSN: ISSN 2777-0710.
@article{Johanes2021,
title = {Expanding agency: The mapping of architectural design discourse in Indonesia's academic publications},
author = {Mikhael Johanes},
url = {https://architecture.ui.ac.id/arsnet/index.php/ojs/article/view/1/1},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.7454/arsnet.v1i1.1 },
issn = {ISSN 2777-0710},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-04-30},
urldate = {2021-04-30},
journal = {ARSNET},
abstract = {Architectural academic publications are essentials elements in defining and establishing the architecture academic discourses in institutional context. A critical, retrospective reading of past and present architectural publications could reveal the current development of the field and provide an empirical basis for future actions. This paper digitally maps the notion of ‘design’ within the published articles in Indonesian architectural journals from the past decade to understand the current situation and present the country’s challenges in developing the architectural design discourse. Through consideration of architectural academic journals’ role in establishing the field’s boundary, a bibliometric mapping was performed on a corpus of 1031 abstracts collected from prominent Indonesian architectural journals. This paper reflects on the extracted key terms from the corpus through different mapping strategies using bibliometric analysis methods. From the mapping findings, and by extending the notion of design as a transformative agency in architecture, this paper retrospectively suggests a more diverse, creative, and provocative development of design discourse in Indonesian architectural academic scholarship.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Architectural academic publications are essentials elements in defining and establishing the architecture academic discourses in institutional context. A critical, retrospective reading of past and present architectural publications could reveal the current development of the field and provide an empirical basis for future actions. This paper digitally maps the notion of ‘design’ within the published articles in Indonesian architectural journals from the past decade to understand the current situation and present the country’s challenges in developing the architectural design discourse. Through consideration of architectural academic journals’ role in establishing the field’s boundary, a bibliometric mapping was performed on a corpus of 1031 abstracts collected from prominent Indonesian architectural journals. This paper reflects on the extracted key terms from the corpus through different mapping strategies using bibliometric analysis methods. From the mapping findings, and by extending the notion of design as a transformative agency in architecture, this paper retrospectively suggests a more diverse, creative, and provocative development of design discourse in Indonesian architectural academic scholarship.
52.
León-Vargas, Fabian; Oviedo, Jineth Andrea Arango; Wandurraga, Héctor Javier Luna
Two Decades of Research in Artificial Pancreas: Insights from a Bibliometric Analysis Journal Article
In: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, vol. 0, no. 0, pp. 19322968211005500, 2021.
@article{León-Vargas2021,
title = {Two Decades of Research in Artificial Pancreas: Insights from a Bibliometric Analysis},
author = {Fabian León-Vargas and Jineth Andrea Arango Oviedo and Héctor Javier Luna Wandurraga},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/19322968211005500},
doi = {10.1177/19322968211005500},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-04-15},
urldate = {2021-04-15},
journal = {Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology},
volume = {0},
number = {0},
pages = {19322968211005500},
abstract = {Artificial pancreas is a well-known research topic devoted to achieving better glycemic outcomes that has been attracting increasing attention over the years. However, there is a lack of systematic, chronological, and synthesizing studies that show the background of the knowledge generation in this field. This study implements a bibliometric analysis to recognize the main documents, type of publications, research categories, countries, keywords, organizations, and authors related to this topic.Methods:Web of Science core collection database was accessed from 2000 to 2020 in order to select high-quality scientific documents based on a specific search query. Bibexcel, MS Excel, Power BI, R-Studio, VOSviewer, and CorText software were used for a descriptive and network analysis based on the local database obtained. Bibliometric parameters as the h-index, frequencies, co-authorship and co-ocurrences were computed.Results:A total of 756 documents were included that show a growing scientific production on this topic with an increasing contribution from engineering. Outstanding authors, organizations, and countries were identified. An analysis of trends in research was conducted according to the scientific categories of the Web of Science database to identify the main research interests of the last 2 decades and the emerging areas with greater prominence in the coming years. A keyword network analysis allowed to identify the main stages in the development of the AP research over time.Conclusions:Results reveal a comprehensive background of the knowledge generation for the AP topic during the last 2 decades, which has been strengthened with international collaborations and a remarkable interdisciplinarity between endocrinology and engineering, giving rise to a growing number of research areas over time, where computer science and medical informatics stand out as the main emerging research areas.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Artificial pancreas is a well-known research topic devoted to achieving better glycemic outcomes that has been attracting increasing attention over the years. However, there is a lack of systematic, chronological, and synthesizing studies that show the background of the knowledge generation in this field. This study implements a bibliometric analysis to recognize the main documents, type of publications, research categories, countries, keywords, organizations, and authors related to this topic.Methods:Web of Science core collection database was accessed from 2000 to 2020 in order to select high-quality scientific documents based on a specific search query. Bibexcel, MS Excel, Power BI, R-Studio, VOSviewer, and CorText software were used for a descriptive and network analysis based on the local database obtained. Bibliometric parameters as the h-index, frequencies, co-authorship and co-ocurrences were computed.Results:A total of 756 documents were included that show a growing scientific production on this topic with an increasing contribution from engineering. Outstanding authors, organizations, and countries were identified. An analysis of trends in research was conducted according to the scientific categories of the Web of Science database to identify the main research interests of the last 2 decades and the emerging areas with greater prominence in the coming years. A keyword network analysis allowed to identify the main stages in the development of the AP research over time.Conclusions:Results reveal a comprehensive background of the knowledge generation for the AP topic during the last 2 decades, which has been strengthened with international collaborations and a remarkable interdisciplinarity between endocrinology and engineering, giving rise to a growing number of research areas over time, where computer science and medical informatics stand out as the main emerging research areas.
53.
Ubando, Aristotle T.; Africa, Aaron Don M.; Maniquiz-Redillas, Marla C.; Culaba, Alvin B.; Chen, Wei-Hsin
Reduction of particulate matter and volatile organic compounds in biorefineries: A state-of-the-art review Journal Article
In: Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 403, pp. 123955, 2021, ISSN: 0304-3894.
@article{Ubando2021,
title = {Reduction of particulate matter and volatile organic compounds in biorefineries: A state-of-the-art review},
author = {Aristotle T. Ubando and Aaron Don M. Africa and Marla C. Maniquiz-Redillas and Alvin B. Culaba and Wei-Hsin Chen},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389420319452},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123955},
issn = {0304-3894},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-02-05},
urldate = {2021-02-05},
journal = {Journal of Hazardous Materials},
volume = {403},
pages = {123955},
abstract = {A biorefinery is an efficient approach to generate multiple bio-products from biomass. With the increasing de- mand for bioenergy and bio-products, biorefineries are essential industrial platforms that provide needed de- mand while significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions. A biorefinery consists of various conversion technologies where particulate matter (PM) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted. The released PM and VOCs pose detrimental health and environmental risks for society. Moreover, the projected rise of global bioenergy demand may lead to an increase in PM and VOCs from biorefineries. With the use of cleaner tech- nologies and approaches, PM and VOCs can be avoided in biorefineries. The study presents the landscape of the research field through a bibliometric review of emissions from a biorefinery. A comprehensive review of works on the reduction of PM and VOCs in a biorefinery is outlined. The study includes a perspective of cleaner technologies and approaches utilized in biorefineries to mitigate these hazardous materials. The results reveal that the employment of life cycle assessment, safety assessment, and green chemistry processes can significantly reduce PM and VOC emissions as well as the consumption of hazardous substances in the biorefinery.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A biorefinery is an efficient approach to generate multiple bio-products from biomass. With the increasing de- mand for bioenergy and bio-products, biorefineries are essential industrial platforms that provide needed de- mand while significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions. A biorefinery consists of various conversion technologies where particulate matter (PM) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted. The released PM and VOCs pose detrimental health and environmental risks for society. Moreover, the projected rise of global bioenergy demand may lead to an increase in PM and VOCs from biorefineries. With the use of cleaner tech- nologies and approaches, PM and VOCs can be avoided in biorefineries. The study presents the landscape of the research field through a bibliometric review of emissions from a biorefinery. A comprehensive review of works on the reduction of PM and VOCs in a biorefinery is outlined. The study includes a perspective of cleaner technologies and approaches utilized in biorefineries to mitigate these hazardous materials. The results reveal that the employment of life cycle assessment, safety assessment, and green chemistry processes can significantly reduce PM and VOC emissions as well as the consumption of hazardous substances in the biorefinery.
54.
Stephens, Raphaël; Barbier, Marc
In: Journal of Rural Studies, vol. 82, pp. 366 - 379, 2021, ISSN: 0743-0167.
@article{Stephens2021,
title = {Digital fooding, cashless marketplaces and reconnection in intermediated third places: Conceptualizing metropolitan food provision in the age of prosumption},
author = {Raphaël Stephens and Marc Barbier},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0743016720317058},
doi = {10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.11.009},
issn = {0743-0167},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-02-01},
urldate = {2021-02-01},
journal = {Journal of Rural Studies},
volume = {82},
pages = {366 - 379},
abstract = {This article adopts the concept of prosumption in order to better understand the array of contemporary food sustainability transition initiatives that often come under the umbrella term of Alternative Food Networks (AFNs). AFNs have developed in parallel to prosumption, which is significant because AFNs are oriented towards localized and direct relationships between producers and consumers, while prosumption explains the hybridization of the consumer into a more complex and productive actor. Scholars argue that producer-consumer reconnections enable greater transparency and information exchange between the two types of actors. In addition, digitalization has recently brought new perspectives for both prosumption and AFN research. We explain the digital food prosumption phenomenon by drawing upon several years of research on an alternative food network with strong digital focus – La Ruche qui dit Oui!. As a decentralized network of local food operations that converge around a digital platform, it provides innovative virtual-material mediations between producers and consumers. This suggests that increasingly, consumers may be getting more deeply engaged in the (co-)production of commodities across different sectors and activities. Thus, while the prosumption and AFN literatures have mostly existed in parallel, future efforts should be made to intersect these two areas of sociological research. This is particularly pertinent today, as both prosumption and AFN phenomena are now increasingly mediated by powerful digital technologies. In the digital age, the alternative food prosumer phenomenon may well contribute to reconfiguring global food flows and industrial cultures towards sustainability.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article adopts the concept of prosumption in order to better understand the array of contemporary food sustainability transition initiatives that often come under the umbrella term of Alternative Food Networks (AFNs). AFNs have developed in parallel to prosumption, which is significant because AFNs are oriented towards localized and direct relationships between producers and consumers, while prosumption explains the hybridization of the consumer into a more complex and productive actor. Scholars argue that producer-consumer reconnections enable greater transparency and information exchange between the two types of actors. In addition, digitalization has recently brought new perspectives for both prosumption and AFN research. We explain the digital food prosumption phenomenon by drawing upon several years of research on an alternative food network with strong digital focus – La Ruche qui dit Oui!. As a decentralized network of local food operations that converge around a digital platform, it provides innovative virtual-material mediations between producers and consumers. This suggests that increasingly, consumers may be getting more deeply engaged in the (co-)production of commodities across different sectors and activities. Thus, while the prosumption and AFN literatures have mostly existed in parallel, future efforts should be made to intersect these two areas of sociological research. This is particularly pertinent today, as both prosumption and AFN phenomena are now increasingly mediated by powerful digital technologies. In the digital age, the alternative food prosumer phenomenon may well contribute to reconfiguring global food flows and industrial cultures towards sustainability.
Online
55.
ten Oever, Niels; Maxigas,; Steffen, Bryan; Maragkou, Eleni; Provendier, Emile; Breuer, Emma; Lombardi, Giovanni; Valentini, Giulio; van der Heide, Jasper; Preuß, Jörn; Boboc, Roxana Varvara; Ashaghimina, Selin; Mignot, Sylvain; Fanzio, Veronica; Moretti, Veronica
Infodemic 5G : How Interpretative Frames are Co-articulated on Social Media? An Instagram versus Parler Case Study Online
(DMI), The Digital Methods Initiative (Ed.): 2021, visited: 28.01.2021.
@online{nokey,
title = {Infodemic 5G : How Interpretative Frames are Co-articulated on Social Media? An Instagram versus Parler Case Study},
author = {Niels ten Oever and Maxigas and Bryan Steffen and Eleni Maragkou and Emile Provendier and Emma Breuer and Giovanni Lombardi and Giulio Valentini and Jasper van der Heide and Jörn Preuß and Roxana Varvara Boboc and Selin Ashaghimina and Sylvain Mignot and Veronica Fanzio and Veronica Moretti},
editor = {The Digital Methods Initiative (DMI)},
url = {https://digitalmethods.net/Dmi/WinterSchool2021Infodemic5G},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-28},
urldate = {2021-01-28},
abstract = {The main takeaways from this project are the differences in how 5G is discussed on mainstream and alternative platforms (Instagram vs. Parler) and the connection to the way 5G is represented by vendors and network operators. The key finding is that the vendors and network operators discuss 5G in vague terms, failing to create a concrete and meaningful imaginary that people can draw from. In this context, users from various platforms associated 5G with several issues, which vary across mainstream and alternative platforms. The main takeaway in this regard is that the discourse on Instagram is much more fragmented and lacks cohesion, leading to several clusters of themes with little to no connections between them. On the other hand, Parler hosts a much more coherent approach, where the discussion is much more concrete and related to politics and corporate figures. The project explores these various critical interpretative frames to gain a sense of how 5G is conceived by various communities versus how it is presented by manufacturers.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
The main takeaways from this project are the differences in how 5G is discussed on mainstream and alternative platforms (Instagram vs. Parler) and the connection to the way 5G is represented by vendors and network operators. The key finding is that the vendors and network operators discuss 5G in vague terms, failing to create a concrete and meaningful imaginary that people can draw from. In this context, users from various platforms associated 5G with several issues, which vary across mainstream and alternative platforms. The main takeaway in this regard is that the discourse on Instagram is much more fragmented and lacks cohesion, leading to several clusters of themes with little to no connections between them. On the other hand, Parler hosts a much more coherent approach, where the discussion is much more concrete and related to politics and corporate figures. The project explores these various critical interpretative frames to gain a sense of how 5G is conceived by various communities versus how it is presented by manufacturers.
PhD Theses
56.
Blank-Gomel, Rony
Traffic accidents and the risks of cycling: A sociological perspective PhD Thesis
McGill University, 2021.
@phdthesis{Blank-Gomel2021,
title = {Traffic accidents and the risks of cycling: A sociological perspective},
author = { Rony Blank-Gomel},
url = {https://escholarship.mcgill.ca/concern/theses/vt150p658},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-04-19},
address = {Montréal},
school = {McGill University},
abstract = {Traffic accidents generate a heavy burden in deaths, bodily harm and monetary costs, and there are growing concerns regarding the unintended consequences of traffic safety policies. Yet, they are marginal in the sociological literature. Drawing on the sociology of knowledge, I explore the construction and spread of truth claims regarding traffic accidents and traffic safety, focusing on accounts of the risks of cycling and specifically the role of bicycle helmets. I use this case to contribute to several sociological debates.
I used a mixed methods approach. I constructed a dataset of 1,902 articles, published 1970-2014, and identified the main themes characterizing different periods using bibliometric and network analysis mapping tools. This was complemented by 19 in-depth interviews; close readings of influential texts; and a qualitative analysis of 665 relevant news stories, published 1970-1995.
In the first chapter I contribute to the sociology of risk by examining if Beck’s risk society thesis, criticized for neglecting mundane risks, can be used to account for historical transformations in expert discourse regarding the risks of cycling. Drawing on the mapping of academic debates, I describe the bicycle helmets’ journey from the margins to the center of accounts of the risks of cycling, and the growing challenges to their position at the core of national policies. I argue that this process corresponds to the risk society thesis, including the transformation of bicycle helmets from mechanical objects into ‘quasi objects’.
In the second chapter I contribute to the sociology of mobilities, in which the development of traffic safety measures, including bicycle helmets, is often attributed to automobility, a car-dominated mobility regime. However, only few studies analyzed how automobility exerted such an influence. Drawing on Actor-Network Theory, I examine how helmet-oriented accounts of the risks of cycling succeeded in expanding their reach in the United States. I demonstrate the constitutive role of non-humans in this process and highlight changes in how participants were represented as well as the different interpretations of the term ‘effectiveness’. I describe this expansion as a non-linear, contingent process and argue against the use of automobility as an explanatory factor.
In the third chapter I review sociological studies of traffic accidents and traffic safety, published 1940-2017. Using a systematic search I constructed a dataset of 266 articles that I examined using qualitative text analysis. The results demonstrate that sociological interest in these issues has been marginal and sporadic, but diverse. I discuss the major themes emerging from this literature, including the relations between traffic accidents and suicides, group differences in risk, human-technology relations, the public marginality of traffic accidents, and their unintended consequences. I then discuss the sociological neglect of traffic accidents and offer venues for further research.
The thesis problematizes the view of traffic accidents and traffic safety as mundane issues, explores the sociological relevance of these issues and suggest heuristic avenues for further research. Potential audiences include sociologists interested in knowledge, mobilities, risk and accidents, traffic safety experts, activists, and policymakers.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
Traffic accidents generate a heavy burden in deaths, bodily harm and monetary costs, and there are growing concerns regarding the unintended consequences of traffic safety policies. Yet, they are marginal in the sociological literature. Drawing on the sociology of knowledge, I explore the construction and spread of truth claims regarding traffic accidents and traffic safety, focusing on accounts of the risks of cycling and specifically the role of bicycle helmets. I use this case to contribute to several sociological debates.
I used a mixed methods approach. I constructed a dataset of 1,902 articles, published 1970-2014, and identified the main themes characterizing different periods using bibliometric and network analysis mapping tools. This was complemented by 19 in-depth interviews; close readings of influential texts; and a qualitative analysis of 665 relevant news stories, published 1970-1995.
In the first chapter I contribute to the sociology of risk by examining if Beck’s risk society thesis, criticized for neglecting mundane risks, can be used to account for historical transformations in expert discourse regarding the risks of cycling. Drawing on the mapping of academic debates, I describe the bicycle helmets’ journey from the margins to the center of accounts of the risks of cycling, and the growing challenges to their position at the core of national policies. I argue that this process corresponds to the risk society thesis, including the transformation of bicycle helmets from mechanical objects into ‘quasi objects’.
In the second chapter I contribute to the sociology of mobilities, in which the development of traffic safety measures, including bicycle helmets, is often attributed to automobility, a car-dominated mobility regime. However, only few studies analyzed how automobility exerted such an influence. Drawing on Actor-Network Theory, I examine how helmet-oriented accounts of the risks of cycling succeeded in expanding their reach in the United States. I demonstrate the constitutive role of non-humans in this process and highlight changes in how participants were represented as well as the different interpretations of the term ‘effectiveness’. I describe this expansion as a non-linear, contingent process and argue against the use of automobility as an explanatory factor.
In the third chapter I review sociological studies of traffic accidents and traffic safety, published 1940-2017. Using a systematic search I constructed a dataset of 266 articles that I examined using qualitative text analysis. The results demonstrate that sociological interest in these issues has been marginal and sporadic, but diverse. I discuss the major themes emerging from this literature, including the relations between traffic accidents and suicides, group differences in risk, human-technology relations, the public marginality of traffic accidents, and their unintended consequences. I then discuss the sociological neglect of traffic accidents and offer venues for further research.
The thesis problematizes the view of traffic accidents and traffic safety as mundane issues, explores the sociological relevance of these issues and suggest heuristic avenues for further research. Potential audiences include sociologists interested in knowledge, mobilities, risk and accidents, traffic safety experts, activists, and policymakers.
I used a mixed methods approach. I constructed a dataset of 1,902 articles, published 1970-2014, and identified the main themes characterizing different periods using bibliometric and network analysis mapping tools. This was complemented by 19 in-depth interviews; close readings of influential texts; and a qualitative analysis of 665 relevant news stories, published 1970-1995.
In the first chapter I contribute to the sociology of risk by examining if Beck’s risk society thesis, criticized for neglecting mundane risks, can be used to account for historical transformations in expert discourse regarding the risks of cycling. Drawing on the mapping of academic debates, I describe the bicycle helmets’ journey from the margins to the center of accounts of the risks of cycling, and the growing challenges to their position at the core of national policies. I argue that this process corresponds to the risk society thesis, including the transformation of bicycle helmets from mechanical objects into ‘quasi objects’.
In the second chapter I contribute to the sociology of mobilities, in which the development of traffic safety measures, including bicycle helmets, is often attributed to automobility, a car-dominated mobility regime. However, only few studies analyzed how automobility exerted such an influence. Drawing on Actor-Network Theory, I examine how helmet-oriented accounts of the risks of cycling succeeded in expanding their reach in the United States. I demonstrate the constitutive role of non-humans in this process and highlight changes in how participants were represented as well as the different interpretations of the term ‘effectiveness’. I describe this expansion as a non-linear, contingent process and argue against the use of automobility as an explanatory factor.
In the third chapter I review sociological studies of traffic accidents and traffic safety, published 1940-2017. Using a systematic search I constructed a dataset of 266 articles that I examined using qualitative text analysis. The results demonstrate that sociological interest in these issues has been marginal and sporadic, but diverse. I discuss the major themes emerging from this literature, including the relations between traffic accidents and suicides, group differences in risk, human-technology relations, the public marginality of traffic accidents, and their unintended consequences. I then discuss the sociological neglect of traffic accidents and offer venues for further research.
The thesis problematizes the view of traffic accidents and traffic safety as mundane issues, explores the sociological relevance of these issues and suggest heuristic avenues for further research. Potential audiences include sociologists interested in knowledge, mobilities, risk and accidents, traffic safety experts, activists, and policymakers.
2020
Journal Articles
57.
Jensen, Torben E.
Exploring the Trading Zones of Digital STS Journal Article
In: STS Encounters - DASTS working paper series, vol. 11, no. 1, 2020.
@article{Jensen2020,
title = {Exploring the Trading Zones of Digital STS},
author = {Torben E. Jensen},
url = {https://www.dasts.dk/wp-content/uploads/4_Trading_FV_1.pdf},
doi = {10.7146/stse.v11i1.135276},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-12-31},
urldate = {2020-12-31},
journal = {STS Encounters - DASTS working paper series},
volume = {11},
number = {1},
abstract = {In the last couple of decades, one of the significant developments in digital STS is the rapidly growing use of digital methods and tools for data harvesting, analysis and visualization. The increasing availability and deployment of digital tools raise questions about how to develop an analytic practice that reconciles the theoretical sensibilities of STS with tools and data that may be associated with different sets of assumptions and affordances. The article explores these challenges by reporting on two related digital STS projects that were carried out at the Techno-Anthropology Lab in Copenhagen. Drawing on science historian Peter Galison{textquoteright}s notion of trading zones, the article analyzes how project participants from different communities of practice exchanged and combined tools, theories and projects in a variety of ways. The article identifies two particular trading strategies, and in the final discussion, it reflects on what these strategies might indicate about the future development of digital STS.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In the last couple of decades, one of the significant developments in digital STS is the rapidly growing use of digital methods and tools for data harvesting, analysis and visualization. The increasing availability and deployment of digital tools raise questions about how to develop an analytic practice that reconciles the theoretical sensibilities of STS with tools and data that may be associated with different sets of assumptions and affordances. The article explores these challenges by reporting on two related digital STS projects that were carried out at the Techno-Anthropology Lab in Copenhagen. Drawing on science historian Peter Galison{textquoteright}s notion of trading zones, the article analyzes how project participants from different communities of practice exchanged and combined tools, theories and projects in a variety of ways. The article identifies two particular trading strategies, and in the final discussion, it reflects on what these strategies might indicate about the future development of digital STS.
58.
Malanski, Priscila Duarte; Dedieu, Benoît; de Alencar Schiavi, Sandra Mara
Mapping the research domains on work in agriculture. A bibliometric review from Scopus database Journal Article
In: Journal of Rural Studies, 2020, ISSN: 0743-0167.
@article{Malanski2020b,
title = {Mapping the research domains on work in agriculture. A bibliometric review from Scopus database},
author = {Priscila Duarte Malanski and Benoît Dedieu and Sandra Mara de Alencar Schiavi},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0743016720311864},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.10.050},
issn = {0743-0167},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-10-27},
urldate = {2020-10-27},
journal = {Journal of Rural Studies},
abstract = {Near to half of world population lives in rural areas, and agriculture is responsible for 28% of global employment. Structural changes in agriculture impacting labor and the low attractivity of employment and working conditions in this sector are the major issues for the permanence and renewal of the rural workforce. Promoting decent work is essential to reach sustainable development. According to the ILO definition, decent work involves a wide range of conditions linked between them that include and go beyond farming work (e.g. gender equity, workplace security, fair income, among others). This complex situation requires for scientists the analysis of the diverse topics, as well as the development of interdisciplinary approaches to deal with this diversity. A review of the scientific literature is necessary to summarize the knowledge that has been produced and identify the current trends related to work in agriculture. In order to provide a background in this topic, the aim of this study was to review the state of the international literature related to work in agriculture, through a bibliometric analysis of scientific articles indexed in Scopus bibliographical database. Our findings show that USA, UK, France and China are the leaders in the scientific landscape according to: geographical production of knowledge, main journals and authors, and most-cited articles. The analysis of work in agriculture is declined in five main research domains: 1) social issues in rural areas; 2) labor market; 3) household strategies of labor allocation, 4) work organization in livestock farms; and 5) occupational health in farms. These research domains are investigated by four main scientific communities that prevail in the international literature: 1) agricultural economics; 2) ergonomics; 3) social issues for rural development; and 5) livestock farming systems. Besides those mainstream research, three major research trends emerged: 1) migration and precarious employment condition; 2) work issues in advisory services; and 3) labor governance in global value chains. These trends reflect ongoing transformations in agriculture that are important to think about the future of the work in this sector and its impacts on sustainable development. We show for the first time the characteristics of the main scientific communities that have performed the most relevant research indexed in Scopus database related to work in agriculture over the past 10 years. This review offers an overview in an interdisciplinary topic, and provides a benchmark for future cutting-edge research. The ILO definition of decent work can be a guideline for focus and deepen specific topics, since our findings indicate that several of them are linked to work-related issues in agriculture, which could support sustainable development on this sector.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Near to half of world population lives in rural areas, and agriculture is responsible for 28% of global employment. Structural changes in agriculture impacting labor and the low attractivity of employment and working conditions in this sector are the major issues for the permanence and renewal of the rural workforce. Promoting decent work is essential to reach sustainable development. According to the ILO definition, decent work involves a wide range of conditions linked between them that include and go beyond farming work (e.g. gender equity, workplace security, fair income, among others). This complex situation requires for scientists the analysis of the diverse topics, as well as the development of interdisciplinary approaches to deal with this diversity. A review of the scientific literature is necessary to summarize the knowledge that has been produced and identify the current trends related to work in agriculture. In order to provide a background in this topic, the aim of this study was to review the state of the international literature related to work in agriculture, through a bibliometric analysis of scientific articles indexed in Scopus bibliographical database. Our findings show that USA, UK, France and China are the leaders in the scientific landscape according to: geographical production of knowledge, main journals and authors, and most-cited articles. The analysis of work in agriculture is declined in five main research domains: 1) social issues in rural areas; 2) labor market; 3) household strategies of labor allocation, 4) work organization in livestock farms; and 5) occupational health in farms. These research domains are investigated by four main scientific communities that prevail in the international literature: 1) agricultural economics; 2) ergonomics; 3) social issues for rural development; and 5) livestock farming systems. Besides those mainstream research, three major research trends emerged: 1) migration and precarious employment condition; 2) work issues in advisory services; and 3) labor governance in global value chains. These trends reflect ongoing transformations in agriculture that are important to think about the future of the work in this sector and its impacts on sustainable development. We show for the first time the characteristics of the main scientific communities that have performed the most relevant research indexed in Scopus database related to work in agriculture over the past 10 years. This review offers an overview in an interdisciplinary topic, and provides a benchmark for future cutting-edge research. The ILO definition of decent work can be a guideline for focus and deepen specific topics, since our findings indicate that several of them are linked to work-related issues in agriculture, which could support sustainable development on this sector.
59.
Bordignon, Frederique
A scientometric review of permafrost research based on textual analysis (1948-2020) Journal Article
In: Scientometrics, 2020.
@article{Bordignon2020,
title = {A scientometric review of permafrost research based on textual analysis (1948-2020)},
author = {Frederique Bordignon},
url = {https://rdcu.be/b8FBh
http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/d8gvm96ykm.1
https://hal-enpc.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02963536v1},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-020-03747-4},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-10-17},
urldate = {2020-10-17},
journal = {Scientometrics},
abstract = {This article proposes an analysis of research dedicated to permafrost. Its originality is twofold: it covers a corpus (n=16,249) that has never been reviewed before and also makes use of a methodology based on successive textual analysis processes. With the text-mining of additional corpuses, we produce lists of qualified terms to fine-tune the indexing of the main corpus and isolate relevant terminology dedicated to infrastructure and soil properties. With these enrichments combined with other terminological extractions (such as place names recognition), we reveal the internal structure of permafrost research with the help of visual mapping and easily prove that permafrost research is multidisciplinary and multi-topical The semantic map and the diachronic analysis of terms clusters show that the interest had turned since the 1980s towards the role of climate change but also on China's needs for its highway and railway construction sites. The very strong and growing impact of Chinese research, focused on the Tibetan area, is one of the highlights of our data. Furthermore, we propose a focus on infrastructure vulnerability and use soil properties as a proxy to measure the existing interactions between two distinct research communities. The results suggest that research has mainly focused so far on the feasibility of building on frozen ground and exploiting soils, but remains at an early stage of addressing the impact of global warming on infrastructure degradation and its resilience. This study offers insights to permafrost experts, but also provide a methodology that could be reused for other investigations. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article proposes an analysis of research dedicated to permafrost. Its originality is twofold: it covers a corpus (n=16,249) that has never been reviewed before and also makes use of a methodology based on successive textual analysis processes. With the text-mining of additional corpuses, we produce lists of qualified terms to fine-tune the indexing of the main corpus and isolate relevant terminology dedicated to infrastructure and soil properties. With these enrichments combined with other terminological extractions (such as place names recognition), we reveal the internal structure of permafrost research with the help of visual mapping and easily prove that permafrost research is multidisciplinary and multi-topical The semantic map and the diachronic analysis of terms clusters show that the interest had turned since the 1980s towards the role of climate change but also on China's needs for its highway and railway construction sites. The very strong and growing impact of Chinese research, focused on the Tibetan area, is one of the highlights of our data. Furthermore, we propose a focus on infrastructure vulnerability and use soil properties as a proxy to measure the existing interactions between two distinct research communities. The results suggest that research has mainly focused so far on the feasibility of building on frozen ground and exploiting soils, but remains at an early stage of addressing the impact of global warming on infrastructure degradation and its resilience. This study offers insights to permafrost experts, but also provide a methodology that could be reused for other investigations.
60.
Kundu, Oishee; James, Andrew D; Rigby, John
Public procurement and innovation: a systematic literature review Journal Article
In: Science and Public Policy, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 490-502, 2020, ISSN: 0302-3427.
@article{Kundu2020,
title = {Public procurement and innovation: a systematic literature review},
author = {Oishee Kundu and Andrew D James and John Rigby},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scaa029},
doi = {10.1093/scipol/scaa029},
issn = {0302-3427},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-09-01},
urldate = {2020-09-01},
journal = {Science and Public Policy},
volume = {47},
number = {4},
pages = {490-502},
abstract = {Public procurement and innovation is the subject of a growing body of literature. This article systematically reviews the existing research, documenting its evolution and highlighting dominant and overlooked themes. We find a dramatic increase in the number of journal publications on this topic since 2008, the existence of thematic communities within the literature, and a focus on empirical work. We analysed keywords and abstracts to identify the broad boundaries of research on public procurement and innovation as well as particular areas of focus in the literature. We found a variety of terms used to describe the application of public procurement as an innovation policy tool and a variety of thematic interests and theoretical foundations. We argue that this makes it challenging to consolidate the research on the topic. From a policy perspective, the geographical context of research is overwhelmingly concentrated in OECD and EU countries.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Public procurement and innovation is the subject of a growing body of literature. This article systematically reviews the existing research, documenting its evolution and highlighting dominant and overlooked themes. We find a dramatic increase in the number of journal publications on this topic since 2008, the existence of thematic communities within the literature, and a focus on empirical work. We analysed keywords and abstracts to identify the broad boundaries of research on public procurement and innovation as well as particular areas of focus in the literature. We found a variety of terms used to describe the application of public procurement as an innovation policy tool and a variety of thematic interests and theoretical foundations. We argue that this makes it challenging to consolidate the research on the topic. From a policy perspective, the geographical context of research is overwhelmingly concentrated in OECD and EU countries.
61.
Cardon, Vincent
Bounded Futures: Growing a Boundary Foreknowledge Infrastructure in Food Security Research Journal Article
In: Science, Technology and Society, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 38-66, 2020.
@article{Cardon2020,
title = {Bounded Futures: Growing a Boundary Foreknowledge Infrastructure in Food Security Research},
author = {Vincent Cardon},
doi = {10.1177/0971721819889918},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-03-03},
urldate = {2020-03-03},
journal = {Science, Technology and Society},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {38-66},
abstract = {One preferred way of coping with the openness or indeterminacy of future is to elaborate ‘fictional expectations’ that enable action by defining possible outcomes. In this article, I propose to focus on the career of the impact foresight model to analyse how agro-economists combine imaginaries, narratives, data and calculative technologies addressing the long-term future of agriculture. Impact is a partial equilibrium model, which has become increasingly comprehensive. Its modular structure now enables it to interweave scenarios produced by other legitimate institutions, and to run simulations for a number of configurations of climate change and socio-economic evolutions.In this article, foresight models are taken to be material discursive devices. My argument is that their evolutions as technologies and the framing of the future they operate should not be analysed separately. Transforming radical uncertainty into controlled variability – magnitude of change, they explicitly endeavour to ‘bound’ uncertainty. But it is ‘bounded’ in a way that is highly dependent on the knowledge infrastructure upon which the models rely. Quantified modelling also makes it possible for economists to compare rival models and create alignments or negotiate zones of consensus, that is, a certain form of knowledge on the future. In the case under scrutiny, technological choices and data processing work contribute to reinforce a certain point of view – market, production and technology-oriented – on food security. Studying infrastructure and model design therefore allows a better understanding of path dependency and cognitive lock-in effects regarding the way the future is envisaged and narrated.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
One preferred way of coping with the openness or indeterminacy of future is to elaborate ‘fictional expectations’ that enable action by defining possible outcomes. In this article, I propose to focus on the career of the impact foresight model to analyse how agro-economists combine imaginaries, narratives, data and calculative technologies addressing the long-term future of agriculture. Impact is a partial equilibrium model, which has become increasingly comprehensive. Its modular structure now enables it to interweave scenarios produced by other legitimate institutions, and to run simulations for a number of configurations of climate change and socio-economic evolutions.In this article, foresight models are taken to be material discursive devices. My argument is that their evolutions as technologies and the framing of the future they operate should not be analysed separately. Transforming radical uncertainty into controlled variability – magnitude of change, they explicitly endeavour to ‘bound’ uncertainty. But it is ‘bounded’ in a way that is highly dependent on the knowledge infrastructure upon which the models rely. Quantified modelling also makes it possible for economists to compare rival models and create alignments or negotiate zones of consensus, that is, a certain form of knowledge on the future. In the case under scrutiny, technological choices and data processing work contribute to reinforce a certain point of view – market, production and technology-oriented – on food security. Studying infrastructure and model design therefore allows a better understanding of path dependency and cognitive lock-in effects regarding the way the future is envisaged and narrated.
Conferences
62.
Hu, Jiming; Zheng, Xiang
Structure and evolution patterns of contents of Chinese children's bestsellers Conference
iConference 2020 Proceedings iSchools, 2020.
@conference{Hu2020,
title = {Structure and evolution patterns of contents of Chinese children's bestsellers},
author = {Jiming Hu and Xiang Zheng},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/2142/106538},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-03-23},
publisher = {iSchools},
series = {iConference 2020 Proceedings},
abstract = {Children's books involve a large number of topics. This poster focuses on that in China, which is the fastest growing market for children's book in the world. This poster chose Dangdang.com, the biggest Chinese online bookstore, for data source to obtain children's bestsellers. The topic words of children's bestsellers were extracted from their brief introductions of the content on the website. With the aid of co-occurrence theory and tools of social network analysis and visualization, the distribution, correlation structures, and evolution patterns of topics were revealed and visualized. This poster shows that topics of Chinese children's bestsellers are broad and relatively concentrated, but their distribution is unbalanced. There are four distinguished topic communities (Living, Animal, World, and Child) in terms of centrality and maturity, and they all establish their individual systems and tend to be mature. The evolution of these communities tends to be stable with powerful continuity.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Children's books involve a large number of topics. This poster focuses on that in China, which is the fastest growing market for children's book in the world. This poster chose Dangdang.com, the biggest Chinese online bookstore, for data source to obtain children's bestsellers. The topic words of children's bestsellers were extracted from their brief introductions of the content on the website. With the aid of co-occurrence theory and tools of social network analysis and visualization, the distribution, correlation structures, and evolution patterns of topics were revealed and visualized. This poster shows that topics of Chinese children's bestsellers are broad and relatively concentrated, but their distribution is unbalanced. There are four distinguished topic communities (Living, Animal, World, and Child) in terms of centrality and maturity, and they all establish their individual systems and tend to be mature. The evolution of these communities tends to be stable with powerful continuity.
Masters Theses
63.
de Macedo, Marlene Ascensão
Ementas e Nomes de Restaurantesem Zona Turística do Funchal e de Santa Cruz de TenerifeUm olhar sobre a paisagem linguística Masters Thesis
Universidade da Madeir, 2020.
@mastersthesis{deMacedo2020,
title = {Ementas e Nomes de Restaurantesem Zona Turística do Funchal e de Santa Cruz de TenerifeUm olhar sobre a paisagem linguística},
author = {Marlene Ascensão de Macedo},
url = {https://digituma.uma.pt/handle/10400.13/3076
https://digituma.uma.pt/bitstream/10400.13/3076/1/Disserta%c3%a7%c3%a3o%20Trabalhada%20%c3%baltima%20revis%c3%a3o_24jun2020_VFINAL.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-12-01},
school = {Universidade da Madeir},
abstract = {The present report is the result of a case study inspired on names of restaurants and their menus in two different touristic areas: Funchal (rua de Santa Maria and Largo do Corpo Santo) in Madeira Archipelago and Santa Cruz de Tenerife (avenida Anaga and rua Bethencourt de Alfonso) in the Canary Islands. The aim is to characterize the linguistic landscape of both zones through the names of the restaurants and its menus, comparing the two linguistic landscapes in order to establish similarities and differences between them. This work is constituted by a linguistic analysis and a sociological study of the mentioned corpora linguistics, identifying determinant reasons for these expressions of symbolic mediation. The islands (Madeira and Tenerife) preserve a remarkable tourist tradition and great promotion at the international level (see, among other means of dissemination, catalogs of travel agencies, guides sold annually before the high season, tourism fairs’ folds, social networks and others). The places with the highest flow of foreign tourists in August and September were compared both in the cities of Funchal and Santa Cruz de Tenerife. The study compares these two linguistic landscapes, where both consumers have similar profiles (generation, origin, tastes for food and beverages, etc.) according to a preparatory research done by verbal consultation of the professionals of these establishments and the contemplated period of the day was the dinner time and the moments of the festivity that follows it, being this presentation based on sociological foundations that structure knowledge in the area. The methodological approach adopted followed the hypothetical-deductive method, based on a specific question: considering Madeira and Tenerife two different islands in Macaronesia with long tourist tradition, can the linguistic landscape of Funchal and Santa Cruz de Tenerife have similarities regarding the names of restaurants and their outdoor menus?},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {mastersthesis}
}
The present report is the result of a case study inspired on names of restaurants and their menus in two different touristic areas: Funchal (rua de Santa Maria and Largo do Corpo Santo) in Madeira Archipelago and Santa Cruz de Tenerife (avenida Anaga and rua Bethencourt de Alfonso) in the Canary Islands. The aim is to characterize the linguistic landscape of both zones through the names of the restaurants and its menus, comparing the two linguistic landscapes in order to establish similarities and differences between them. This work is constituted by a linguistic analysis and a sociological study of the mentioned corpora linguistics, identifying determinant reasons for these expressions of symbolic mediation. The islands (Madeira and Tenerife) preserve a remarkable tourist tradition and great promotion at the international level (see, among other means of dissemination, catalogs of travel agencies, guides sold annually before the high season, tourism fairs’ folds, social networks and others). The places with the highest flow of foreign tourists in August and September were compared both in the cities of Funchal and Santa Cruz de Tenerife. The study compares these two linguistic landscapes, where both consumers have similar profiles (generation, origin, tastes for food and beverages, etc.) according to a preparatory research done by verbal consultation of the professionals of these establishments and the contemplated period of the day was the dinner time and the moments of the festivity that follows it, being this presentation based on sociological foundations that structure knowledge in the area. The methodological approach adopted followed the hypothetical-deductive method, based on a specific question: considering Madeira and Tenerife two different islands in Macaronesia with long tourist tradition, can the linguistic landscape of Funchal and Santa Cruz de Tenerife have similarities regarding the names of restaurants and their outdoor menus?
PhD Theses
64.
Gray, Daniel
Tweeting About Women: A Critical Discourse Analysis of International Women’s Day on Twitter PhD Thesis
School of Social Sciences, 2020.
@phdthesis{Gray2020,
title = {Tweeting About Women: A Critical Discourse Analysis of International Women’s Day on Twitter},
author = {Daniel Gray},
url = {https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/137810/
https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/137810/1/Thesis%20Daniel%20Gray%20Corrected%201-11-2020%282%29.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-11-01},
urldate = {2020-11-01},
address = {Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT},
school = {School of Social Sciences},
abstract = {This thesis is a work of critical digital sociology, investigating discourse which occurred on International Women’s Day 2017 (IWD2017) on Twitter, a widely used social media network, using innovative methodology. The principle finding presented in this thesis is methodological. I demonstrate that it is possible and productive to bring together qualitative analysis and so-called ‘big data’, specifically a large quantity of tweets, via innovative and original methodology, while preserving the unique and valuable affordances of critical, qualitative, theory-informed analysis.
Alongside demonstrating this, I also present a range of analytic findings related to the discourse I have analysed. The analytic findings include the use of popular and ‘fringe’ hashtags in linking mainstream and right-wing/reactionary topics, the prominence of anti- feminism and anti-Islam sentiment in discourse associated with supporters of US president Donald Trump, the antifeminist discursive splitting of feminism and feminists into benign and maligned categories, and the ways women are constructed by Twitter accounts representing police and armed forces.
Methodologically, this thesis provides a detailed account of the practicalities, challenges and strategies involved in approaching big social media data as a critical researcher using qualitative analysis. In doing so I argue that big social media data may be a fruitful area for qualitative work, but that in approaching it we should not discard our previous theoretical, analytical and ethical frameworks.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
This thesis is a work of critical digital sociology, investigating discourse which occurred on International Women’s Day 2017 (IWD2017) on Twitter, a widely used social media network, using innovative methodology. The principle finding presented in this thesis is methodological. I demonstrate that it is possible and productive to bring together qualitative analysis and so-called ‘big data’, specifically a large quantity of tweets, via innovative and original methodology, while preserving the unique and valuable affordances of critical, qualitative, theory-informed analysis.
Alongside demonstrating this, I also present a range of analytic findings related to the discourse I have analysed. The analytic findings include the use of popular and ‘fringe’ hashtags in linking mainstream and right-wing/reactionary topics, the prominence of anti- feminism and anti-Islam sentiment in discourse associated with supporters of US president Donald Trump, the antifeminist discursive splitting of feminism and feminists into benign and maligned categories, and the ways women are constructed by Twitter accounts representing police and armed forces.
Methodologically, this thesis provides a detailed account of the practicalities, challenges and strategies involved in approaching big social media data as a critical researcher using qualitative analysis. In doing so I argue that big social media data may be a fruitful area for qualitative work, but that in approaching it we should not discard our previous theoretical, analytical and ethical frameworks.
Alongside demonstrating this, I also present a range of analytic findings related to the discourse I have analysed. The analytic findings include the use of popular and ‘fringe’ hashtags in linking mainstream and right-wing/reactionary topics, the prominence of anti- feminism and anti-Islam sentiment in discourse associated with supporters of US president Donald Trump, the antifeminist discursive splitting of feminism and feminists into benign and maligned categories, and the ways women are constructed by Twitter accounts representing police and armed forces.
Methodologically, this thesis provides a detailed account of the practicalities, challenges and strategies involved in approaching big social media data as a critical researcher using qualitative analysis. In doing so I argue that big social media data may be a fruitful area for qualitative work, but that in approaching it we should not discard our previous theoretical, analytical and ethical frameworks.
65.
Trabelsi, Sonia
Geographies of green and health in Belgium: measurements, opportunities, and challenges PhD Thesis
Université catholique de Louvain, 2020.
@phdthesis{Trabelsi2020,
title = {Geographies of green and health in Belgium: measurements, opportunities, and challenges},
author = {Sonia Trabelsi},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/237672
https://dial.uclouvain.be/pr/boreal/object/boreal%3A237672/datastream/PDF_01/view.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-02-28},
urldate = {2020-02-28},
school = {Université catholique de Louvain},
abstract = {With an expected increase in urban population and the burden of healthcare costs, the role of the environment for human health has become a topical issue in the scientific and political debate. Numerous studies have investigated the benefits of green spaces on specific morbidities and mortalities while governments are looking to green environments as an alternative to improve citizens' wellbeing and decrease healthcare expenditures. This thesis first explores the definitions and measures of "green" through an analysis of the literature and empirical tests conducted on four landuse data sources in Belgium. It shows that the choice of the measure of green, as well as its level of aggregation, can lead to contradictory conclusions concerning the associations between green and health. Then, using medication reimbursement data recently made available in Belgium, this thesis investigates spatial associations of five groups of medication (a priori associated with the environment) with green spaces. At different scales and at different aggregation levels, medication reimbursement data appear not to be a proxy of individual health but of healthcare practices. Spatial variations of reimbursement are rather linked to exogenous factors such as education of the practitioners, or pharmaceutical and commercial practices. This thesis emphasizes the importance of a clear definition and interpretation of environmental and health data to correctly inform decision makers, particularly when data in use are diverted from their original aim and include spatial information. There is a clear risk of misinterpretation when using new types of data without a multidisciplinary perspective.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
With an expected increase in urban population and the burden of healthcare costs, the role of the environment for human health has become a topical issue in the scientific and political debate. Numerous studies have investigated the benefits of green spaces on specific morbidities and mortalities while governments are looking to green environments as an alternative to improve citizens' wellbeing and decrease healthcare expenditures. This thesis first explores the definitions and measures of "green" through an analysis of the literature and empirical tests conducted on four landuse data sources in Belgium. It shows that the choice of the measure of green, as well as its level of aggregation, can lead to contradictory conclusions concerning the associations between green and health. Then, using medication reimbursement data recently made available in Belgium, this thesis investigates spatial associations of five groups of medication (a priori associated with the environment) with green spaces. At different scales and at different aggregation levels, medication reimbursement data appear not to be a proxy of individual health but of healthcare practices. Spatial variations of reimbursement are rather linked to exogenous factors such as education of the practitioners, or pharmaceutical and commercial practices. This thesis emphasizes the importance of a clear definition and interpretation of environmental and health data to correctly inform decision makers, particularly when data in use are diverted from their original aim and include spatial information. There is a clear risk of misinterpretation when using new types of data without a multidisciplinary perspective.
2019
Journal Articles
66.
Noël, Marianne
In: Annals of the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi, vol. Volume LIII 1 - 2019, pp. 141-180, 2019, ISSN: 2532-4969, (Annals of the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi : an Interdisciplinary Journal of Economics, History and Political Science).
@article{Noël2019,
title = {'Made in Europe for the World': Making a Claim for a European Chemistry in Publication Programs. The Case of the Supramolecular Chemistry (1987-2005)},
author = {Marianne Noël},
url = {http://www.annalsfondazioneluigieinaudi.it/en/browse/current-issue/6-volume-liii-1/87-made-in-europe-for-the-world-making-a-claim-for-a-european-chemistry-in-publication-programs.-the-case-of-the-supramolecular-chemistry-1987-2005
https://www.torrossa.com/en/resources/an/4546060#page=149},
doi = {10.26331/1075},
issn = {2532-4969},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-01},
urldate = {2019-06-01},
journal = {Annals of the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi},
volume = {Volume LIII 1 - 2019},
pages = {141-180},
abstract = {The University of Strasbourg is the birthplace of a research specialty (supramolecular chemistry or SMC) which has grown considerably in the last 40 years and has had a significant scientific impact. The emergence of SMC was orchestrated to a large extent by Nobel laureate Jean-Marie Lehn, but a network of scientists, as well as the University and the Alsace Region, were also key players in this regard. Lehn was instrumental in the creation of a series of European chemistry journals in the late 1990s, whose genealogy I trace. My purpose is to examine the conditions of the success of a case of European integration that is not a major technological program but simply a “publication infrastructure”. Based on an historical analysis completed with a fieldwork study, I argue that the circulation and appropriation of concepts and languages of the SMC were central in the development of a European “publication program”. I show that this program created a sense of Europeanness that was also shaped in relation to the extra-European world, both in opposition (standing against the USA) and yet open to the world, as illustrated in the motto “Made in Europe for the world”.},
note = {Annals of the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi : an Interdisciplinary Journal of Economics, History and Political Science},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The University of Strasbourg is the birthplace of a research specialty (supramolecular chemistry or SMC) which has grown considerably in the last 40 years and has had a significant scientific impact. The emergence of SMC was orchestrated to a large extent by Nobel laureate Jean-Marie Lehn, but a network of scientists, as well as the University and the Alsace Region, were also key players in this regard. Lehn was instrumental in the creation of a series of European chemistry journals in the late 1990s, whose genealogy I trace. My purpose is to examine the conditions of the success of a case of European integration that is not a major technological program but simply a “publication infrastructure”. Based on an historical analysis completed with a fieldwork study, I argue that the circulation and appropriation of concepts and languages of the SMC were central in the development of a European “publication program”. I show that this program created a sense of Europeanness that was also shaped in relation to the extra-European world, both in opposition (standing against the USA) and yet open to the world, as illustrated in the motto “Made in Europe for the world”.
67.
Demortain, David
Modèles d’effets, effets des modèles. Calcul des doses et pouvoir industriel dans la gouvernance des produits chimiques. Journal Article
In: Revue d'anthropologie des connaissances, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 1063-1096, 2019.
@article{Demortain2019,
title = {Modèles d’effets, effets des modèles. Calcul des doses et pouvoir industriel dans la gouvernance des produits chimiques.},
author = {David Demortain },
url = {https://www.cairn.info/revue-anthropologie-des-connaissances-2019-4-page-1063.htm},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.3917/rac.045.1063},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-04-01},
urldate = {2019-04-01},
journal = {Revue d'anthropologie des connaissances},
volume = {13},
number = {4},
pages = {1063-1096},
abstract = {The prediction of health risks is underpinned by the ambition to measure the hazards facing human populations, when it is impossible to test these hazards. It is sometimes suspected that model-based predictions of risk are inherently favorable to the interests of regulated industries: by staging the possibility to measure future risks with precision, modeling harms the credibility of the other kinds of evidence that are used by regulatory agencies to establish risks, such as experiments on animals or studies on humans. In effect, the use of models would delay or even prevent agencies from being able to estimate risks, and would eventually halt their decision-making. This article provides a history of the development and use of the Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling technique to verify whether it has such an effect on the governance of chemicals. It shows that the effects of models on regulatory decision-making are often limited, for one main reason: models, their theoretical construction, and their parameters or outputs, are routinely evaluated by the modelers who work for regulatory agencies. Models do not therefore set the risk, but open a space for interpreting the value of different forms of knowledge about those risks. The political effects of modeling, and the extent to which they strengthen the power of one or the other actor in the governance of chemicals, depends on the position of this very actor in configurations of uncertainty, or the set of networks that control the evaluation of knowledge and of their uncertainties. From this perspective, the power of the industry is far from being absolute. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The prediction of health risks is underpinned by the ambition to measure the hazards facing human populations, when it is impossible to test these hazards. It is sometimes suspected that model-based predictions of risk are inherently favorable to the interests of regulated industries: by staging the possibility to measure future risks with precision, modeling harms the credibility of the other kinds of evidence that are used by regulatory agencies to establish risks, such as experiments on animals or studies on humans. In effect, the use of models would delay or even prevent agencies from being able to estimate risks, and would eventually halt their decision-making. This article provides a history of the development and use of the Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling technique to verify whether it has such an effect on the governance of chemicals. It shows that the effects of models on regulatory decision-making are often limited, for one main reason: models, their theoretical construction, and their parameters or outputs, are routinely evaluated by the modelers who work for regulatory agencies. Models do not therefore set the risk, but open a space for interpreting the value of different forms of knowledge about those risks. The political effects of modeling, and the extent to which they strengthen the power of one or the other actor in the governance of chemicals, depends on the position of this very actor in configurations of uncertainty, or the set of networks that control the evaluation of knowledge and of their uncertainties. From this perspective, the power of the industry is far from being absolute.
Conferences
68.
Rizzo, Davide; Marraccini, Elisa; Benoît, Marc; Thenail, Claudine; Lardon, Sylvie
Landscape agronomy: bibliometric insights on key issues and background topics of a conceptual framework Conference
10th IALE World Congress Milan, Italy, 2019.
@conference{Rizzo2019,
title = {Landscape agronomy: bibliometric insights on key issues and background topics of a conceptual framework},
author = {Davide Rizzo and Elisa Marraccini and Marc Benoît and Claudine Thenail and Sylvie Lardon},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-03609817/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334285870_Landscape_agronomy_bibliometric_insights_on_key_issues_and_background_topics_of_a_conceptual_framework},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-07-04},
urldate = {2019-07-04},
address = {Milan, Italy},
organization = {10th IALE World Congress },
abstract = {Landscapes are formed by the interactions between natural resources and heterogeneous land managers that expect/pursue an increasing variety of ecosystem services. Landscape ecology undoubtedly indicated the landscape as the best level to assess existing services and to support expected improvements. Where agriculture drives local dynamics, a contextual cross-scale analysis of farming activities and actors is needed to understand how and why landscapes are produced, eventually, redesigned. Inspired by landscape ecology, the landscape agronomy framework was proposed to extend the study of patterns and processes to agriculture, calling to focus on the spatially explicit characterization of farmers' decision-making. In summary, the landscape agronomy conceptual framework helps to describe and analyze the patterns determined by the interactions between agricultural practices and local resources (Benoit, Rizzo et al. 2012, Lands Ecol). This communication aims at providing insights into the key concepts underpinning the conceptual framework, such as the "cropping system" defined by agronomists, and the "force fields" applied in geography. A few years after the launch of this conceptual framework, we address the question: "who cares about landscape and agriculture?". To this aim, we will present the result of a bibliometric analysis using the CorText platform to explore research keywords, (inter)disciplinary bridges and emerging issues related to landscape agronomy. In the discussion, we will address some relevant applications, such as the challenges for agrifood system management of natural resources or to energy production by farmers (e.g., biofuel, biogas), and the landscape perspective on the deployment of smart farming and agtech. We will conclude on possible improvements to this conceptual framework. Altogether, this communication sets the scene for an upcoming multidisciplinary book about advances and challenges of a territorial approach to agricultural issues. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Landscapes are formed by the interactions between natural resources and heterogeneous land managers that expect/pursue an increasing variety of ecosystem services. Landscape ecology undoubtedly indicated the landscape as the best level to assess existing services and to support expected improvements. Where agriculture drives local dynamics, a contextual cross-scale analysis of farming activities and actors is needed to understand how and why landscapes are produced, eventually, redesigned. Inspired by landscape ecology, the landscape agronomy framework was proposed to extend the study of patterns and processes to agriculture, calling to focus on the spatially explicit characterization of farmers' decision-making. In summary, the landscape agronomy conceptual framework helps to describe and analyze the patterns determined by the interactions between agricultural practices and local resources (Benoit, Rizzo et al. 2012, Lands Ecol). This communication aims at providing insights into the key concepts underpinning the conceptual framework, such as the "cropping system" defined by agronomists, and the "force fields" applied in geography. A few years after the launch of this conceptual framework, we address the question: "who cares about landscape and agriculture?". To this aim, we will present the result of a bibliometric analysis using the CorText platform to explore research keywords, (inter)disciplinary bridges and emerging issues related to landscape agronomy. In the discussion, we will address some relevant applications, such as the challenges for agrifood system management of natural resources or to energy production by farmers (e.g., biofuel, biogas), and the landscape perspective on the deployment of smart farming and agtech. We will conclude on possible improvements to this conceptual framework. Altogether, this communication sets the scene for an upcoming multidisciplinary book about advances and challenges of a territorial approach to agricultural issues.
Online
69.
Hasselbalch, Marie; Mayntzhusen, Trine Christensen
Mapping Controversy: vaccine controversies Online
2019, visited: 05.03.2019.
@online{Hasselbalch2019,
title = {Mapping Controversy: vaccine controversies},
author = {Marie Hasselbalch and Trine Christensen Mayntzhusen},
url = {https://medium.com/mapping-controversy-vaccine-controversies/mapping-controversy-vaccine-controversies-vaccine-hesitancy-1-hand-in-39c761aefa80},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-02-15},
urldate = {2019-03-05},
journal = {Medium},
abstract = {The controversy on vaccines is a controversy because of its embedded value based, ethical and cultural arguments (Law, J. & Singleton, V., 2014). The key issues include both scientific discussions on whether or not scientific results are valid, more specifically an example of the controversy of the Mumps, Measles and Rubella vaccine (MMR) and its relation to cause autism in children. As well as dissemination of specific arguments for or against vaccines from a broad perspective. The nuances of vaccine controversies are not only revolving around the bilateral relation of pro- and anti-vaccination, because the controversy exists of many sub-controversies and subdiscussions. This shows a controversy of high complexity and being reduction-resistant (Venturini, T., 2010a).
(Vaccine hesitancy, 2018). This controversy is mapped through an actor-network theory (ANT) approach; thus an actor is whatever makes a difference through action in a situation, human or non-human (Venturini, T., 2010a). An example of a significant actor in this specific controversy could be Andrew Wakefield, an anti-vaccine activist and former British doctor, who has had a great impact on the issue about vaccine hesitancy and connection between MMR and autism.
The first part of this article will revolve around data harvesting of a Wikipedia category and the member pages, and different networks and visualisations of these with annotations. The second half will focus on how debates on a social media platform communicate about vaccine controversies, here specifically Reddit. We would like to map how different networks occur in the vaccine controversy debate. Besides, explore the key issues and actors in the debate on vaccine controversies on both Wikipedia’s category pages (under ‘Vaccine Controversies’) and Reddit as a social media platform.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
The controversy on vaccines is a controversy because of its embedded value based, ethical and cultural arguments (Law, J. & Singleton, V., 2014). The key issues include both scientific discussions on whether or not scientific results are valid, more specifically an example of the controversy of the Mumps, Measles and Rubella vaccine (MMR) and its relation to cause autism in children. As well as dissemination of specific arguments for or against vaccines from a broad perspective. The nuances of vaccine controversies are not only revolving around the bilateral relation of pro- and anti-vaccination, because the controversy exists of many sub-controversies and subdiscussions. This shows a controversy of high complexity and being reduction-resistant (Venturini, T., 2010a).
(Vaccine hesitancy, 2018). This controversy is mapped through an actor-network theory (ANT) approach; thus an actor is whatever makes a difference through action in a situation, human or non-human (Venturini, T., 2010a). An example of a significant actor in this specific controversy could be Andrew Wakefield, an anti-vaccine activist and former British doctor, who has had a great impact on the issue about vaccine hesitancy and connection between MMR and autism.
The first part of this article will revolve around data harvesting of a Wikipedia category and the member pages, and different networks and visualisations of these with annotations. The second half will focus on how debates on a social media platform communicate about vaccine controversies, here specifically Reddit. We would like to map how different networks occur in the vaccine controversy debate. Besides, explore the key issues and actors in the debate on vaccine controversies on both Wikipedia’s category pages (under ‘Vaccine Controversies’) and Reddit as a social media platform.
(Vaccine hesitancy, 2018). This controversy is mapped through an actor-network theory (ANT) approach; thus an actor is whatever makes a difference through action in a situation, human or non-human (Venturini, T., 2010a). An example of a significant actor in this specific controversy could be Andrew Wakefield, an anti-vaccine activist and former British doctor, who has had a great impact on the issue about vaccine hesitancy and connection between MMR and autism.
The first part of this article will revolve around data harvesting of a Wikipedia category and the member pages, and different networks and visualisations of these with annotations. The second half will focus on how debates on a social media platform communicate about vaccine controversies, here specifically Reddit. We would like to map how different networks occur in the vaccine controversy debate. Besides, explore the key issues and actors in the debate on vaccine controversies on both Wikipedia’s category pages (under ‘Vaccine Controversies’) and Reddit as a social media platform.
70.
Helmond, Anne; van der Vlist, Fernando; Weltevrede, Esther; Geiger, Taylor; van Zeeland, Ine; Stefanija, Ana Pop; Ibanez, Fernanda; Wolny, Julia
Medicate or Meditate; the App Store’s Solutions for Anxiety and Stress Online
(DMI), The Digital Methods Initiative (Ed.): 2019, visited: 12.01.2019.
@online{Helmond2019,
title = {Medicate or Meditate; the App Store’s Solutions for Anxiety and Stress},
author = {Anne Helmond and Fernando van der Vlist and Esther Weltevrede and Taylor Geiger and Ine van Zeeland and Ana Pop Stefanija and Fernanda Ibanez and Julia Wolny},
editor = {The Digital Methods Initiative (DMI)},
url = {https://digitalmethods.net/Dmi/SummerSchool2018AppStoresBiasMedicateMeditate},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-12},
urldate = {2019-01-12},
abstract = {The number of mobile health (mHealth) apps is rising in an unprecedented manner, and as the American Psychiatric Association notes: “Psychiatry and mental health are no exception, and there are thousands of apps targeting mental health conditions that are directly available for patients to download and use today.” [1] However, there is very little review or oversight for these apps, and as a consequence, users of these apps can receive incorrect or ineffective advice, while the mental health effects of using the apps are often overstated by their developers.
Smartphones are turning into an epistemological device, we turn to them for solutions. When you detect an issue, you turn to your smartphone to find out more. Nearly half of the queries in Google Play Store are broad searches by topic [2] (rather than specific searches for a particular app), showing that users generally turn to their smartphone app store for relevant solutions to broad issues.
When it comes to regular Google search, according to Noble (2018: 155): “In practice, the higher a web page is ranked, the more it is trusted. Unlike the vetting of journalists and librarians, who are entrusted to fact check and curate information for the public according to professional codes of ethics, the legitimacy of websites’ ranking and credibility is simply taken for granted.” Similar to website search results ranking, users accord a certain degree of authority to relevance rankings in app stores, meaning that the order and ranking presented by app stores confers some sort of recommendation to the apps based on the app store’s search results presentation.
In an attempt to make the app store affordances work for them, app developers engage in app store optimization (ASO), trying to end up highly in an app store's search results. With millions of apps available in the bigger app stores, like Google’s (>3 million apps) and Apple’s (>2 million apps), the possibility of a particular app being found is dropping. Common ASO tactics that developers deploy to improve discoverability among millions of other apps, are focused on finding popular keywords to include in the app’s name and subtitle, its ID, and its description.
The growing number of mental health apps, many of which undoubtedly engage in ASO, raises a number of questions: How is mental health represented in the Google Play Store and the Apple App Store? Which solutions does a smartphone user find for mental health issues in these app stores? How do technologists look at the issue of mental health? Which tactics are developers deploying to rank higher? What solutions do they promise and can they deliver? This study addresses these questions by exploring the sphere of mental health apps in the two biggest app stores, focusing on store-mediated ‘relatedness’ between apps and recommendations in the app stores. We glean how the app search engine and how it is manipulated influence what users will find. Lastly, we gauge what kinds of solutions users are presented with when they search for mental health issues.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
The number of mobile health (mHealth) apps is rising in an unprecedented manner, and as the American Psychiatric Association notes: “Psychiatry and mental health are no exception, and there are thousands of apps targeting mental health conditions that are directly available for patients to download and use today.” [1] However, there is very little review or oversight for these apps, and as a consequence, users of these apps can receive incorrect or ineffective advice, while the mental health effects of using the apps are often overstated by their developers.
Smartphones are turning into an epistemological device, we turn to them for solutions. When you detect an issue, you turn to your smartphone to find out more. Nearly half of the queries in Google Play Store are broad searches by topic [2] (rather than specific searches for a particular app), showing that users generally turn to their smartphone app store for relevant solutions to broad issues.
When it comes to regular Google search, according to Noble (2018: 155): “In practice, the higher a web page is ranked, the more it is trusted. Unlike the vetting of journalists and librarians, who are entrusted to fact check and curate information for the public according to professional codes of ethics, the legitimacy of websites’ ranking and credibility is simply taken for granted.” Similar to website search results ranking, users accord a certain degree of authority to relevance rankings in app stores, meaning that the order and ranking presented by app stores confers some sort of recommendation to the apps based on the app store’s search results presentation.
In an attempt to make the app store affordances work for them, app developers engage in app store optimization (ASO), trying to end up highly in an app store's search results. With millions of apps available in the bigger app stores, like Google’s (>3 million apps) and Apple’s (>2 million apps), the possibility of a particular app being found is dropping. Common ASO tactics that developers deploy to improve discoverability among millions of other apps, are focused on finding popular keywords to include in the app’s name and subtitle, its ID, and its description.
The growing number of mental health apps, many of which undoubtedly engage in ASO, raises a number of questions: How is mental health represented in the Google Play Store and the Apple App Store? Which solutions does a smartphone user find for mental health issues in these app stores? How do technologists look at the issue of mental health? Which tactics are developers deploying to rank higher? What solutions do they promise and can they deliver? This study addresses these questions by exploring the sphere of mental health apps in the two biggest app stores, focusing on store-mediated ‘relatedness’ between apps and recommendations in the app stores. We glean how the app search engine and how it is manipulated influence what users will find. Lastly, we gauge what kinds of solutions users are presented with when they search for mental health issues.
Smartphones are turning into an epistemological device, we turn to them for solutions. When you detect an issue, you turn to your smartphone to find out more. Nearly half of the queries in Google Play Store are broad searches by topic [2] (rather than specific searches for a particular app), showing that users generally turn to their smartphone app store for relevant solutions to broad issues.
When it comes to regular Google search, according to Noble (2018: 155): “In practice, the higher a web page is ranked, the more it is trusted. Unlike the vetting of journalists and librarians, who are entrusted to fact check and curate information for the public according to professional codes of ethics, the legitimacy of websites’ ranking and credibility is simply taken for granted.” Similar to website search results ranking, users accord a certain degree of authority to relevance rankings in app stores, meaning that the order and ranking presented by app stores confers some sort of recommendation to the apps based on the app store’s search results presentation.
In an attempt to make the app store affordances work for them, app developers engage in app store optimization (ASO), trying to end up highly in an app store's search results. With millions of apps available in the bigger app stores, like Google’s (>3 million apps) and Apple’s (>2 million apps), the possibility of a particular app being found is dropping. Common ASO tactics that developers deploy to improve discoverability among millions of other apps, are focused on finding popular keywords to include in the app’s name and subtitle, its ID, and its description.
The growing number of mental health apps, many of which undoubtedly engage in ASO, raises a number of questions: How is mental health represented in the Google Play Store and the Apple App Store? Which solutions does a smartphone user find for mental health issues in these app stores? How do technologists look at the issue of mental health? Which tactics are developers deploying to rank higher? What solutions do they promise and can they deliver? This study addresses these questions by exploring the sphere of mental health apps in the two biggest app stores, focusing on store-mediated ‘relatedness’ between apps and recommendations in the app stores. We glean how the app search engine and how it is manipulated influence what users will find. Lastly, we gauge what kinds of solutions users are presented with when they search for mental health issues.
PhD Theses
71.
Bareille, François
Gestion agricole des services écosystémiques : éclairages à partir de l’économie de la production et de l’économie de l’environnement PhD Thesis
2019, (HAL Id: tel-02140626).
@phdthesis{Bareille2019,
title = {Gestion agricole des services écosystémiques : éclairages à partir de l’économie de la production et de l’économie de l’environnement},
author = {François Bareille},
url = {https://theses.hal.science/tel-02140626v1},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-05-27},
abstract = {The thesis aims to study both theoretically and empirically the management of ecosystem services by the farmers from the perspective of the economic theory. The concept of ecosystem services is an interdisciplinary concept that refers to "the services that nature offers to human for free". The economic literature has mainly investigated this concept in measuring the value of these services, with few attention to the behavior of agents modifying these services. The thesis is divided into two parts.
In the first part, I study both the supply and the demand for the productive ecosystem services (for example, pollination or biological control) by analyzing the behavior of farmers, considered as potential agroecosystem managers. Inspired by the literature on landscape ecology, I introduce biodiversity indicators that are function of land-use into existing models from
agricultural production economics literature. This reunion provides a unified theoretical model for analyzing farmers' choices regarding the management of productive ecosystem services.
The empirical works consists in estimating all or parts of this theoretical model. My main contribution to the literature is to prove, based on the farmers' observed behavior, that farmers do manage productive ecosystem services. I bring other elements to the literature, notably by providing new insights on the agricultural technology when productive ecosystem services are considered, or by showing that collective management of productive ecosystem services can only rarely arise spontaneously in real landscapes where farmers are heterogeneous.
In the second part, I study the demand for the jointly provided public goods by the farmers’ modification of ecosystem service flows, i.e. I study the specificities of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers (in the sense of Engel et al., 2008). In particular, I study the role of the geographic scale of the demand for the design of agri-environmental policy. Indeed, if local public goods influence the welfare of the agents within a defined geographical
area (e.g., the improvement of water quality by maintaining a wetland upstream of a treatment plant), global public goods can influence the welfare of all agents (e.g., the carbon sequestration into the soil of a wetland). In this part, I apply the framework of several literatures developed in environmental economics (for example, the literature on environmental federalism or on the "distance-decay") to the specificities of the environmental services provided by farmers; in particular, I integrate that the environmental service provided by a farmer affects the supply of multiple public goods in most cases, the demand for these public goods arising at different geographical scales. I contribute to the literature by showing that, although most of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers is captured locally (at the municipal level), some of the demand is captured by larger and farer areas. This has implications for the governance and the design of agri-environmental policies, which I explore through two examples: the reduction of pesticide application and the maintenance of agricultural wetlands.
La thèse étudie théoriquement et empiriquement la gestion des services écosystémiques par les agriculteurs sous l’angle de la théorie économique. Le concept de services écosystémiques est un concept interdisciplinaire désignant « les services qu’offrent gratuitement la nature à l’homme ». La littérature économique s’est principalement emparée de la question de la mesure de la valeur de ces services, en s’intéressant peu ou prou aux comportements des agents
modifiant ces services. La thèse se divise en deux parties.
Dans la première partie, je m’intéresse à l’offre et à la demande de service écosystémique productifs (par exemple, la pollinisation ou le contrôle biologique) en analysant le comportement des agriculteurs, considérés comme de potentiels gestionnaires des agroécosystèmes. Inspiré par la littérature en écologie du paysage, j’introduis des indicateurs de biodiversité dépendant des assolements dans des modèles existants issus de la littérature en économie de la production appliquée à l’agriculture. Ce rapprochement fournit un modèle théorique unifié où l’on peut analyser les choix des agriculteurs vis-à-vis des services écosystémiques productifs. Les travaux empiriques développés par la suite consistent à estimer toute ou partie de ce modèle théorique. Ma principale contribution à la littérature est de prouver, à partir de l’analyse des comportements observés des agriculteurs, que les agriculteurs gèrent consciemment les services écosystémiques productifs. J’apporte d’autres éléments à la littérature, en fournissant notamment des éléments importants sur la technologie agricole lorsque les services écosystémiques productifs sont considérés, ou en montrant que la gestion collective des services écosystémiques productifs ne peut que rarement émergée spontanément
dans des paysages réels où les agriculteurs sont hétérogènes.
Dans la deuxième partie, je m’intéresse à la demande pour les biens publics fournis conjointement par les agriculteurs via la modification des flux de services écosystémiques, i.e. je m’intéresse à la demande pour les services environnementaux fournis par les agriculteurs (au sens de Engel et al., 2008). En particulier, j’étudie le rôle de l’échelle géographique de la demande sur la conception de politique agro-environnementale. En effet, si les biens publics locaux vont influencer le bien-être des agents au sein d’une zone géographique délimitée (e.g. amélioration de la qualité de l’eau en maintenant une zone humide en amont d’une station de traitement), les biens publics globaux peuvent influencer le bien-être de l’ensemble des agents (e.g. séquestration du carbone dans une zone humide). Dans cette partie, j’applique les cadres
d’analyse de plusieurs littératures développées en économie de l’environnement (par exemple, la littérature sur le fédéralisme environnemental ou sur le « distance-decay ») aux spécificités des services environnementaux fournis par l’agriculture ; en particulier, le service environnemental fourni par un agriculteur influe le plus souvent sur la fourniture de multiple biens publics, biens publics dont l’échelle de la demande diffèrent. Je contribue à la littérature en montrant que, bien que la plupart de la demande pour les services environnementaux fournis par les agriculteurs soit capturée localement (à l’échelle de la municipalité), une partie de la demande s’exprime à des échelles plus importantes. Cela a des implications pour la gouvernance et la conception des politiques agroenvironnementales, que j’explore à travers deux exemples : la réduction de l’application des pesticides et le maintien des zones humides agricoles.},
note = {HAL Id: tel-02140626},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
The thesis aims to study both theoretically and empirically the management of ecosystem services by the farmers from the perspective of the economic theory. The concept of ecosystem services is an interdisciplinary concept that refers to "the services that nature offers to human for free". The economic literature has mainly investigated this concept in measuring the value of these services, with few attention to the behavior of agents modifying these services. The thesis is divided into two parts.
In the first part, I study both the supply and the demand for the productive ecosystem services (for example, pollination or biological control) by analyzing the behavior of farmers, considered as potential agroecosystem managers. Inspired by the literature on landscape ecology, I introduce biodiversity indicators that are function of land-use into existing models from
agricultural production economics literature. This reunion provides a unified theoretical model for analyzing farmers' choices regarding the management of productive ecosystem services.
The empirical works consists in estimating all or parts of this theoretical model. My main contribution to the literature is to prove, based on the farmers' observed behavior, that farmers do manage productive ecosystem services. I bring other elements to the literature, notably by providing new insights on the agricultural technology when productive ecosystem services are considered, or by showing that collective management of productive ecosystem services can only rarely arise spontaneously in real landscapes where farmers are heterogeneous.
In the second part, I study the demand for the jointly provided public goods by the farmers’ modification of ecosystem service flows, i.e. I study the specificities of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers (in the sense of Engel et al., 2008). In particular, I study the role of the geographic scale of the demand for the design of agri-environmental policy. Indeed, if local public goods influence the welfare of the agents within a defined geographical
area (e.g., the improvement of water quality by maintaining a wetland upstream of a treatment plant), global public goods can influence the welfare of all agents (e.g., the carbon sequestration into the soil of a wetland). In this part, I apply the framework of several literatures developed in environmental economics (for example, the literature on environmental federalism or on the "distance-decay") to the specificities of the environmental services provided by farmers; in particular, I integrate that the environmental service provided by a farmer affects the supply of multiple public goods in most cases, the demand for these public goods arising at different geographical scales. I contribute to the literature by showing that, although most of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers is captured locally (at the municipal level), some of the demand is captured by larger and farer areas. This has implications for the governance and the design of agri-environmental policies, which I explore through two examples: the reduction of pesticide application and the maintenance of agricultural wetlands.
La thèse étudie théoriquement et empiriquement la gestion des services écosystémiques par les agriculteurs sous l’angle de la théorie économique. Le concept de services écosystémiques est un concept interdisciplinaire désignant « les services qu’offrent gratuitement la nature à l’homme ». La littérature économique s’est principalement emparée de la question de la mesure de la valeur de ces services, en s’intéressant peu ou prou aux comportements des agents
modifiant ces services. La thèse se divise en deux parties.
Dans la première partie, je m’intéresse à l’offre et à la demande de service écosystémique productifs (par exemple, la pollinisation ou le contrôle biologique) en analysant le comportement des agriculteurs, considérés comme de potentiels gestionnaires des agroécosystèmes. Inspiré par la littérature en écologie du paysage, j’introduis des indicateurs de biodiversité dépendant des assolements dans des modèles existants issus de la littérature en économie de la production appliquée à l’agriculture. Ce rapprochement fournit un modèle théorique unifié où l’on peut analyser les choix des agriculteurs vis-à-vis des services écosystémiques productifs. Les travaux empiriques développés par la suite consistent à estimer toute ou partie de ce modèle théorique. Ma principale contribution à la littérature est de prouver, à partir de l’analyse des comportements observés des agriculteurs, que les agriculteurs gèrent consciemment les services écosystémiques productifs. J’apporte d’autres éléments à la littérature, en fournissant notamment des éléments importants sur la technologie agricole lorsque les services écosystémiques productifs sont considérés, ou en montrant que la gestion collective des services écosystémiques productifs ne peut que rarement émergée spontanément
dans des paysages réels où les agriculteurs sont hétérogènes.
Dans la deuxième partie, je m’intéresse à la demande pour les biens publics fournis conjointement par les agriculteurs via la modification des flux de services écosystémiques, i.e. je m’intéresse à la demande pour les services environnementaux fournis par les agriculteurs (au sens de Engel et al., 2008). En particulier, j’étudie le rôle de l’échelle géographique de la demande sur la conception de politique agro-environnementale. En effet, si les biens publics locaux vont influencer le bien-être des agents au sein d’une zone géographique délimitée (e.g. amélioration de la qualité de l’eau en maintenant une zone humide en amont d’une station de traitement), les biens publics globaux peuvent influencer le bien-être de l’ensemble des agents (e.g. séquestration du carbone dans une zone humide). Dans cette partie, j’applique les cadres
d’analyse de plusieurs littératures développées en économie de l’environnement (par exemple, la littérature sur le fédéralisme environnemental ou sur le « distance-decay ») aux spécificités des services environnementaux fournis par l’agriculture ; en particulier, le service environnemental fourni par un agriculteur influe le plus souvent sur la fourniture de multiple biens publics, biens publics dont l’échelle de la demande diffèrent. Je contribue à la littérature en montrant que, bien que la plupart de la demande pour les services environnementaux fournis par les agriculteurs soit capturée localement (à l’échelle de la municipalité), une partie de la demande s’exprime à des échelles plus importantes. Cela a des implications pour la gouvernance et la conception des politiques agroenvironnementales, que j’explore à travers deux exemples : la réduction de l’application des pesticides et le maintien des zones humides agricoles.
In the first part, I study both the supply and the demand for the productive ecosystem services (for example, pollination or biological control) by analyzing the behavior of farmers, considered as potential agroecosystem managers. Inspired by the literature on landscape ecology, I introduce biodiversity indicators that are function of land-use into existing models from
agricultural production economics literature. This reunion provides a unified theoretical model for analyzing farmers' choices regarding the management of productive ecosystem services.
The empirical works consists in estimating all or parts of this theoretical model. My main contribution to the literature is to prove, based on the farmers' observed behavior, that farmers do manage productive ecosystem services. I bring other elements to the literature, notably by providing new insights on the agricultural technology when productive ecosystem services are considered, or by showing that collective management of productive ecosystem services can only rarely arise spontaneously in real landscapes where farmers are heterogeneous.
In the second part, I study the demand for the jointly provided public goods by the farmers’ modification of ecosystem service flows, i.e. I study the specificities of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers (in the sense of Engel et al., 2008). In particular, I study the role of the geographic scale of the demand for the design of agri-environmental policy. Indeed, if local public goods influence the welfare of the agents within a defined geographical
area (e.g., the improvement of water quality by maintaining a wetland upstream of a treatment plant), global public goods can influence the welfare of all agents (e.g., the carbon sequestration into the soil of a wetland). In this part, I apply the framework of several literatures developed in environmental economics (for example, the literature on environmental federalism or on the "distance-decay") to the specificities of the environmental services provided by farmers; in particular, I integrate that the environmental service provided by a farmer affects the supply of multiple public goods in most cases, the demand for these public goods arising at different geographical scales. I contribute to the literature by showing that, although most of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers is captured locally (at the municipal level), some of the demand is captured by larger and farer areas. This has implications for the governance and the design of agri-environmental policies, which I explore through two examples: the reduction of pesticide application and the maintenance of agricultural wetlands.
La thèse étudie théoriquement et empiriquement la gestion des services écosystémiques par les agriculteurs sous l’angle de la théorie économique. Le concept de services écosystémiques est un concept interdisciplinaire désignant « les services qu’offrent gratuitement la nature à l’homme ». La littérature économique s’est principalement emparée de la question de la mesure de la valeur de ces services, en s’intéressant peu ou prou aux comportements des agents
modifiant ces services. La thèse se divise en deux parties.
Dans la première partie, je m’intéresse à l’offre et à la demande de service écosystémique productifs (par exemple, la pollinisation ou le contrôle biologique) en analysant le comportement des agriculteurs, considérés comme de potentiels gestionnaires des agroécosystèmes. Inspiré par la littérature en écologie du paysage, j’introduis des indicateurs de biodiversité dépendant des assolements dans des modèles existants issus de la littérature en économie de la production appliquée à l’agriculture. Ce rapprochement fournit un modèle théorique unifié où l’on peut analyser les choix des agriculteurs vis-à-vis des services écosystémiques productifs. Les travaux empiriques développés par la suite consistent à estimer toute ou partie de ce modèle théorique. Ma principale contribution à la littérature est de prouver, à partir de l’analyse des comportements observés des agriculteurs, que les agriculteurs gèrent consciemment les services écosystémiques productifs. J’apporte d’autres éléments à la littérature, en fournissant notamment des éléments importants sur la technologie agricole lorsque les services écosystémiques productifs sont considérés, ou en montrant que la gestion collective des services écosystémiques productifs ne peut que rarement émergée spontanément
dans des paysages réels où les agriculteurs sont hétérogènes.
Dans la deuxième partie, je m’intéresse à la demande pour les biens publics fournis conjointement par les agriculteurs via la modification des flux de services écosystémiques, i.e. je m’intéresse à la demande pour les services environnementaux fournis par les agriculteurs (au sens de Engel et al., 2008). En particulier, j’étudie le rôle de l’échelle géographique de la demande sur la conception de politique agro-environnementale. En effet, si les biens publics locaux vont influencer le bien-être des agents au sein d’une zone géographique délimitée (e.g. amélioration de la qualité de l’eau en maintenant une zone humide en amont d’une station de traitement), les biens publics globaux peuvent influencer le bien-être de l’ensemble des agents (e.g. séquestration du carbone dans une zone humide). Dans cette partie, j’applique les cadres
d’analyse de plusieurs littératures développées en économie de l’environnement (par exemple, la littérature sur le fédéralisme environnemental ou sur le « distance-decay ») aux spécificités des services environnementaux fournis par l’agriculture ; en particulier, le service environnemental fourni par un agriculteur influe le plus souvent sur la fourniture de multiple biens publics, biens publics dont l’échelle de la demande diffèrent. Je contribue à la littérature en montrant que, bien que la plupart de la demande pour les services environnementaux fournis par les agriculteurs soit capturée localement (à l’échelle de la municipalité), une partie de la demande s’exprime à des échelles plus importantes. Cela a des implications pour la gouvernance et la conception des politiques agroenvironnementales, que j’explore à travers deux exemples : la réduction de l’application des pesticides et le maintien des zones humides agricoles.
Technical Reports
72.
Loconto, Allison; Silva-Castañeda, Laura; Arnold, Nadine; Jimenez, Alejandra
Participatory Analysis of the Use and Impact of the Fairtrade Premium Technical Report
2019.
@techreport{Loconto2019,
title = {Participatory Analysis of the Use and Impact of the Fairtrade Premium},
author = {Allison Loconto and Laura Silva-Castañeda and Nadine Arnold and Alejandra Jimenez},
url = {https://files.fairtrade.net/publications/2019_LISIS_UseImpactFairtradePremium.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
abstract = {This study was commissioned by Fairtrade Germany and Fairtrade International. It was carried out by a team of researchers working with the Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM) in the Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Sciences Innovations et Sociétés (LISIS). LISIS is an interdisciplinary research laboratory devoted to the study of science and innovations in society and is specifically renowned for its expertise on agri-food systems. It brings together 35 researchers and professors and 30 PhD and postdoctoral fellows from three core research disciplines: science and technology studies (STS), organization studies and digital studies.
The project team was led by Dr. Allison Marie Loconto and included Dr. Laura Silva-Castañeda, Dr. Nadine Arnold and Ms. Alejandra Jimenez. The field research for the five case studies was carried out directly by the team. The African cases were conducted by Drs. Loconto and Arnold while the South American cases were conducted by Dr. Silva and Ms. Jimenez. Dr. Marc Barbier provided technical support for the CorTexT and IRaMuTeQ analysis used in this study.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
This study was commissioned by Fairtrade Germany and Fairtrade International. It was carried out by a team of researchers working with the Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM) in the Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Sciences Innovations et Sociétés (LISIS). LISIS is an interdisciplinary research laboratory devoted to the study of science and innovations in society and is specifically renowned for its expertise on agri-food systems. It brings together 35 researchers and professors and 30 PhD and postdoctoral fellows from three core research disciplines: science and technology studies (STS), organization studies and digital studies.
The project team was led by Dr. Allison Marie Loconto and included Dr. Laura Silva-Castañeda, Dr. Nadine Arnold and Ms. Alejandra Jimenez. The field research for the five case studies was carried out directly by the team. The African cases were conducted by Drs. Loconto and Arnold while the South American cases were conducted by Dr. Silva and Ms. Jimenez. Dr. Marc Barbier provided technical support for the CorTexT and IRaMuTeQ analysis used in this study.
The project team was led by Dr. Allison Marie Loconto and included Dr. Laura Silva-Castañeda, Dr. Nadine Arnold and Ms. Alejandra Jimenez. The field research for the five case studies was carried out directly by the team. The African cases were conducted by Drs. Loconto and Arnold while the South American cases were conducted by Dr. Silva and Ms. Jimenez. Dr. Marc Barbier provided technical support for the CorTexT and IRaMuTeQ analysis used in this study.
2018
Journal Articles
73.
Nicot, Rose; Bellon, Stéphane; Loconto, Allison; Ollivier, Guillaume
The European networks of research, education and training stakeholders in agroecology Journal Article
In: Open Agriculture, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 537–552, 2018.
@article{Nicot2018,
title = {The European networks of research, education and training stakeholders in agroecology},
author = {Rose Nicot and Stéphane Bellon and Allison Loconto and Guillaume Ollivier},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2018-0058},
doi = {10.1515/opag-2018-0058},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-12-05},
urldate = {2018-12-05},
journal = {Open Agriculture},
volume = {3},
number = {1},
pages = {537–552},
abstract = {In Europe, agroecology has become the center of many debates that animate political and professional arenas, particularly regarding the definition and scope of the concept itself. This paper attempts to understand the ways that the term agroecology is conceptualized by different participantsparticipants and how these concepts circulate so as to explore the interests at stake in the institutionalization of agroecology within the research and education institutions of Europe. We address the core research question of: what dynamics emerge in the networks of European stakeholders of agroecology? By combining different approaches of institutionalization based on network and discourse analysis, we study the dynamics of research, education and training organizations. We identify 10 different concepts of agroecology, distributed among 103 organizations. The significant difference that has been observed between the agroecological concepts in research and those in education/training emphasizes the gap between these two disciplines. The latter support a more political, transdisciplinary and holistic view of agroecology when compared to the former. Moreover, collaboration among European agroecology stakeholders is limited in both research and education/training. We also found that in most cases, collaboration between scholars does not guarantee a shared notion of agroecology, and conversely, sharing the same notion of agroecology does not assure collaboration. This led us to question the feasibility of institutionalizing agroecology and the missing link between a shared vision and the collective mobilization of stakeholders around a strong agroecology programme.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In Europe, agroecology has become the center of many debates that animate political and professional arenas, particularly regarding the definition and scope of the concept itself. This paper attempts to understand the ways that the term agroecology is conceptualized by different participantsparticipants and how these concepts circulate so as to explore the interests at stake in the institutionalization of agroecology within the research and education institutions of Europe. We address the core research question of: what dynamics emerge in the networks of European stakeholders of agroecology? By combining different approaches of institutionalization based on network and discourse analysis, we study the dynamics of research, education and training organizations. We identify 10 different concepts of agroecology, distributed among 103 organizations. The significant difference that has been observed between the agroecological concepts in research and those in education/training emphasizes the gap between these two disciplines. The latter support a more political, transdisciplinary and holistic view of agroecology when compared to the former. Moreover, collaboration among European agroecology stakeholders is limited in both research and education/training. We also found that in most cases, collaboration between scholars does not guarantee a shared notion of agroecology, and conversely, sharing the same notion of agroecology does not assure collaboration. This led us to question the feasibility of institutionalizing agroecology and the missing link between a shared vision and the collective mobilization of stakeholders around a strong agroecology programme.
74.
Birkbak, Andreas
Shitstorms, bobler eller sags-orienterede offentligheder? Digitale metoder og kontroverser på sociale medier Journal Article
In: Dansk Sociologi, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 37-61, 2018, ISSN: 0905-5908.
@article{Birkbak2018,
title = {Shitstorms, bobler eller sags-orienterede offentligheder? Digitale metoder og kontroverser på sociale medier},
author = {Andreas Birkbak},
url = {https://vbn.aau.dk/en/publications/shitstorms-bobler-eller-sags-orienterede-offentligheder-digitale-
https://vbn.aau.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/284939916/2018_Digitale_metoder_og_kontroverser_pa_sociale_medier.pdf},
doi = {10.22439/dansoc.v29i1.5723},
issn = {0905-5908},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-09-14},
urldate = {2018-09-14},
journal = {Dansk Sociologi},
volume = {29},
number = {1},
pages = {37-61},
abstract = {Kontroversen om planerne for en betalingsring i København afstedkom blandt andet en række sider på Facebook. Eksemplet er ikke enestående: Sociale medier lægger i disse år ofte brugerflade til folkelige protester og kontroverser. Sociologien har med digitale metoder fået en række værktøjer til at indsamle data om dem. Flere af de digitale teknikker er formet af et teoretisk udgangspunkt hos Bruno Latour. Artiklen undersøger hvilke metodiske retningslinjer, der følger af en Latour-inspireret forståelse af politik og demokrati. Først afsøges Latours inspirationskilder i den amerikanske pragmatisme. Dernæst diskuteres Noortje Marres' bud på konsekvenserne for digitale metoder. Endelig analyseres betalingsringskontroversen for at give et eksempel på en undersøgelse med digitale metoder, der tager udgangspunkt i idéen om demokratisk offentlighed som noget, der opstår i anledning af konkrete problematiske sager. Analysen bygger på 4.500 posts og kommentarer fra syv forskellige Facebook-sider om betalingsringen, der opsummeres i en co-word visualisering. Artiklen fremfører, at et Latour-inspireret fokus på sags-orienterede offentligheder tilbyder et interessant alternativ til affejende begreber som shitstorms og ekkokamre, og diskuterer de metodiske udfordringer, som tilgangen medfører for digitale metoder.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Kontroversen om planerne for en betalingsring i København afstedkom blandt andet en række sider på Facebook. Eksemplet er ikke enestående: Sociale medier lægger i disse år ofte brugerflade til folkelige protester og kontroverser. Sociologien har med digitale metoder fået en række værktøjer til at indsamle data om dem. Flere af de digitale teknikker er formet af et teoretisk udgangspunkt hos Bruno Latour. Artiklen undersøger hvilke metodiske retningslinjer, der følger af en Latour-inspireret forståelse af politik og demokrati. Først afsøges Latours inspirationskilder i den amerikanske pragmatisme. Dernæst diskuteres Noortje Marres' bud på konsekvenserne for digitale metoder. Endelig analyseres betalingsringskontroversen for at give et eksempel på en undersøgelse med digitale metoder, der tager udgangspunkt i idéen om demokratisk offentlighed som noget, der opstår i anledning af konkrete problematiske sager. Analysen bygger på 4.500 posts og kommentarer fra syv forskellige Facebook-sider om betalingsringen, der opsummeres i en co-word visualisering. Artiklen fremfører, at et Latour-inspireret fokus på sags-orienterede offentligheder tilbyder et interessant alternativ til affejende begreber som shitstorms og ekkokamre, og diskuterer de metodiske udfordringer, som tilgangen medfører for digitale metoder.
75.
Hoffman, Mark Anthony; Cointet, Jean-Philippe; Brandt, Philipp; Key, Newton; Bearman, Peter
The (Protestant) Bible, the (printed) sermon, and the word(s): The semantic structure of the Conformist and Dissenting Bible, 1660–1780 Journal Article
In: Poetics, vol. 68, pp. 89-103, 2018.
@article{Hoffman2018,
title = {The (Protestant) Bible, the (printed) sermon, and the word(s): The semantic structure of the Conformist and Dissenting Bible, 1660–1780},
author = {Mark Anthony Hoffman and Jean-Philippe Cointet and Philipp Brandt and Newton Key and Peter Bearman},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2017.11.002},
doi = {10.1016/j.poetic.2017.11.002},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-06-01},
urldate = {2018-06-01},
journal = {Poetics},
volume = {68},
pages = {89-103},
abstract = {Using co-occurrence methods for identifying semantic structure in texts, we first describe the structure of the Protestant Bible, focusing on the ways in which contents of the Bible are organized in both the New and Old Testaments. We introduce a strategy for capturing the co-occurrence of nouns and verbs in windows defined by verses that progressively move across the text, from start to finish in a manner similar to reading. We then consider how Dissenters and Conformists used the Bible by locating Biblical verse in sermons printed in England during the period from 1660 to 1780. We describe how chapters are linked by themes over time, by dissenting and conformist religious communities, and map Dissenter and Conformist uses of the Bible onto its semantic structure. We show that it is possible to induce a semantic network image of the Bible, that this structure serves as a skeletal frame for interpretation, thereby highlighting different contents as central to denominations’ religious inspirations and concerns.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Using co-occurrence methods for identifying semantic structure in texts, we first describe the structure of the Protestant Bible, focusing on the ways in which contents of the Bible are organized in both the New and Old Testaments. We introduce a strategy for capturing the co-occurrence of nouns and verbs in windows defined by verses that progressively move across the text, from start to finish in a manner similar to reading. We then consider how Dissenters and Conformists used the Bible by locating Biblical verse in sermons printed in England during the period from 1660 to 1780. We describe how chapters are linked by themes over time, by dissenting and conformist religious communities, and map Dissenter and Conformist uses of the Bible onto its semantic structure. We show that it is possible to induce a semantic network image of the Bible, that this structure serves as a skeletal frame for interpretation, thereby highlighting different contents as central to denominations’ religious inspirations and concerns.
76.
Matos, Fábio L; Ross, Steve W; ann ida Huvenne, Veerle; Davies, Jaime; Cunha, Marina R
Canyons pride and prejudice: Exploring the submarine canyon research landscape, a history of geographic and thematic bias Journal Article
In: Progress in Oceanography, 2018.
@article{matos2018canyons,
title = {Canyons pride and prejudice: Exploring the submarine canyon research landscape, a history of geographic and thematic bias},
author = {Fábio L Matos and Steve W Ross and Veerle ann ida Huvenne and Jaime Davies and Marina R Cunha},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2018.04.010},
doi = {10.1016/j.pocean.2018.04.010},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Progress in Oceanography},
publisher = {Elsevier},
abstract = {We mapped submarine canyon research using a scientometric approach to define and characterize its scientific landscape based on a comprehensive bibliographic dataset. The abundance of studies covering structural and functional aspects of submarine canyons allowed us to identify the existing knowledge clusters, historical trends, and emergent topics in canyon research. Our analysis documented a network of knowledge clusters of which four were particularly relevant: a strong cluster on “Geology & Geophysics”, well established since the beginnings of canyon research; a cluster on “Biology & Ecology” that gained strength primarily over the past two to three decades; a cluster on “Oceanographic Processes” which occupied a central position in the network and connected strongly to almost all the other clusters and especially to the fourth main cluster on “Modelling”. A smaller, but also well connected, cluster on “Biogeochemistry” related closely to “Biology & Ecology”, and three other small clusters (“Sedimentology”, “Sediments & Tidal Currents”, “Canyon Sampling”) bridged the main clusters. Finally, we identified three small, but specific satellite clusters (“Oil & Gas”, “Chemosynthetic Communities”, “Molecular & Symbionts”). The high-level structure of the knowledge network reflects a latent interdisciplinarity in canyon research. However, the evolution of the research lines over the past nine decades suggests that this pattern arose mostly in the new millennium. Emergent research topics in the last decade also reveal a concern regarding anthropogenic impacts and climate-driven processes. Our results also show a well implemented and international collaboration network, although research efforts have been mainly directed towards only a few canyon systems. A geographical and thematic bias also characterizes canyon research, with specific topics addressed preferentially in particular canyons by different leading research institutions. This spatial and thematic bias, together with the paucity of truly inter-disciplinary studies, may be the most important limitation to integrated knowledge and development in canyon research and hinders a global, more comprehensive understanding of canyon patterns and processes. The scientific landscape mapping and the complementary results are made available as an open and interactive platform that canyon stakeholders can use as a tool to identify knowledge gaps, to find key players in the global collaboration network and to facilitate planning of future research in submarine canyons.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
We mapped submarine canyon research using a scientometric approach to define and characterize its scientific landscape based on a comprehensive bibliographic dataset. The abundance of studies covering structural and functional aspects of submarine canyons allowed us to identify the existing knowledge clusters, historical trends, and emergent topics in canyon research. Our analysis documented a network of knowledge clusters of which four were particularly relevant: a strong cluster on “Geology & Geophysics”, well established since the beginnings of canyon research; a cluster on “Biology & Ecology” that gained strength primarily over the past two to three decades; a cluster on “Oceanographic Processes” which occupied a central position in the network and connected strongly to almost all the other clusters and especially to the fourth main cluster on “Modelling”. A smaller, but also well connected, cluster on “Biogeochemistry” related closely to “Biology & Ecology”, and three other small clusters (“Sedimentology”, “Sediments & Tidal Currents”, “Canyon Sampling”) bridged the main clusters. Finally, we identified three small, but specific satellite clusters (“Oil & Gas”, “Chemosynthetic Communities”, “Molecular & Symbionts”). The high-level structure of the knowledge network reflects a latent interdisciplinarity in canyon research. However, the evolution of the research lines over the past nine decades suggests that this pattern arose mostly in the new millennium. Emergent research topics in the last decade also reveal a concern regarding anthropogenic impacts and climate-driven processes. Our results also show a well implemented and international collaboration network, although research efforts have been mainly directed towards only a few canyon systems. A geographical and thematic bias also characterizes canyon research, with specific topics addressed preferentially in particular canyons by different leading research institutions. This spatial and thematic bias, together with the paucity of truly inter-disciplinary studies, may be the most important limitation to integrated knowledge and development in canyon research and hinders a global, more comprehensive understanding of canyon patterns and processes. The scientific landscape mapping and the complementary results are made available as an open and interactive platform that canyon stakeholders can use as a tool to identify knowledge gaps, to find key players in the global collaboration network and to facilitate planning of future research in submarine canyons.
Masters Theses
77.
Theel, Mandy
Digital Nomadism as an extension of new media work: Travelling between ideology and practice Masters Thesis
University of Amsterdam, 2018.
@mastersthesis{Theel2018,
title = {Digital Nomadism as an extension of new media work: Travelling between ideology and practice},
author = {Mandy Theel},
url = {https://scripties.uba.uva.nl/search?id=record_24483},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-07-28},
urldate = {2018-07-28},
school = {University of Amsterdam},
abstract = {In a world where technology intertwines increasingly with everyday life and work, the traditional career fades into the background and work how we know it is transformed. The structural organisation and subjective perception of work are moving towards new notions of freedom and nomadism while new labour forms arise. This thesis is a journey into the world of Digital Nomads, their imagination and implementation of a new kind of work practice. The research aims to examine the changing notion of work in new media industries caused by technological and societal developments. Through the lens of a mixed methods approach using digital methods in a quantitative content analysis and qualitative semi-structured interviews, the study analyses the values and practices of Digital Nomads.The movement of Digital Nomadism will be regarded from a new media perspective where it proves to extend the existing understanding of the new media work practices. The thesis provides a model based on discourse analysis that contrasts the ideology and practice of this work and lifestyle. Moreover, it contributes new insights into the changing notion of work proposing that, especially in the new media industries, work experiences an “industrialisation of nomadism”.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {mastersthesis}
}
In a world where technology intertwines increasingly with everyday life and work, the traditional career fades into the background and work how we know it is transformed. The structural organisation and subjective perception of work are moving towards new notions of freedom and nomadism while new labour forms arise. This thesis is a journey into the world of Digital Nomads, their imagination and implementation of a new kind of work practice. The research aims to examine the changing notion of work in new media industries caused by technological and societal developments. Through the lens of a mixed methods approach using digital methods in a quantitative content analysis and qualitative semi-structured interviews, the study analyses the values and practices of Digital Nomads.The movement of Digital Nomadism will be regarded from a new media perspective where it proves to extend the existing understanding of the new media work practices. The thesis provides a model based on discourse analysis that contrasts the ideology and practice of this work and lifestyle. Moreover, it contributes new insights into the changing notion of work proposing that, especially in the new media industries, work experiences an “industrialisation of nomadism”.
Online
78.
Karsgaard, Carrie; Bainotti, Lucia; Nero, Serena Del; Flaim, Giacomo; Hockenhull, Michael; MacDonald, Maggie; Martella, Antonio; Valderrama, Erika; Valerio, Gabriel
Canadian Pipeline Politics: Mapping (visual) discourse in platform spaces Online
(DMI), The Digital Methods Initiative (Ed.): 2018, visited: 02.08.2018.
@online{Karsgaard2018,
title = {Canadian Pipeline Politics: Mapping (visual) discourse in platform spaces},
author = {Carrie Karsgaard and Lucia Bainotti and Serena Del Nero and Giacomo Flaim and Michael Hockenhull and Maggie MacDonald and Antonio Martella and Erika Valderrama and Gabriel Valerio},
editor = {The Digital Methods Initiative (DMI)},
url = {https://digitalmethods.net/Dmi/SummerSchool2018PipelinePolitics
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1ieIJDHakx44Glre3VRdJu2Z6o60is22aIJoRobw6YF4/edit#slide=id.p},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-08-02},
urldate = {2018-08-02},
abstract = {Methodological findings: Twitter
Twitter’s free-form user location field enables political expression where location-identifiers have political significance; in the Canadian landscape, for instance, users may identify according to Indigenous place names rather than officially sanctioned place names.
The implication for digital methods research is that user location provides a means of exploring issue alignment and political stance for issues with geographical components.
Methodological findings: Instagram
An analytical challenge - but also an opportunity - is posed by Instagram’s multiple discursive spaces - images, text, and hashtags - as they are variously used over time. The project prototypes a comparative approach to these multiple spaces through analysis of each through multiple time slices, including analysis of the linkages between various discourses where possible (i.e. by hashtag-image and text-image analysis). Included is a new approach to text-image analysis using Cortext, which allows exploration of the user-generated text in Instagram posts, beyond what is available via hashtag analysis.
Taken together, multiple maps reinforce certain issue patterns through their repeated representation in various visualizations; at the same time, individual maps reveal nuances of the issue that only emerge through a single discourse (whether visual, textual, or connective via hashtags). This project thus demonstrates how critical discourse analysis and visual analysis may be conducted at multiple and intersecting levels through a critical cartographical approach, enabling a more robust understanding of the issue as it is performed online.
Substantive Findings
Our findings indicate that when analyzed as above, the tools embedded in both Twitter and Instagram allow us to infer discursive alignment with issue positioning, not only for/against the key issue, but also within sub-groups, allowing a nuanced view of the issue. For instance, within anti-pipeline sentiment, analysis of locations, hashtags, text, and images reveals competing ideals between protection of the land (as pristine), ownership of the land (as a Vancouver resident), and stewardship of the land (as already occupied by Indigenous peoples). By tracing these discursive groups over time, we see increasing overlap within our issue network visualizations, where distinct clusters are replaced by heterogenous networks, indicating that the pipeline issue may function as a boundary object, bringing various publics closer together.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
Methodological findings: Twitter
Twitter’s free-form user location field enables political expression where location-identifiers have political significance; in the Canadian landscape, for instance, users may identify according to Indigenous place names rather than officially sanctioned place names.
The implication for digital methods research is that user location provides a means of exploring issue alignment and political stance for issues with geographical components.
Methodological findings: Instagram
An analytical challenge - but also an opportunity - is posed by Instagram’s multiple discursive spaces - images, text, and hashtags - as they are variously used over time. The project prototypes a comparative approach to these multiple spaces through analysis of each through multiple time slices, including analysis of the linkages between various discourses where possible (i.e. by hashtag-image and text-image analysis). Included is a new approach to text-image analysis using Cortext, which allows exploration of the user-generated text in Instagram posts, beyond what is available via hashtag analysis.
Taken together, multiple maps reinforce certain issue patterns through their repeated representation in various visualizations; at the same time, individual maps reveal nuances of the issue that only emerge through a single discourse (whether visual, textual, or connective via hashtags). This project thus demonstrates how critical discourse analysis and visual analysis may be conducted at multiple and intersecting levels through a critical cartographical approach, enabling a more robust understanding of the issue as it is performed online.
Substantive Findings
Our findings indicate that when analyzed as above, the tools embedded in both Twitter and Instagram allow us to infer discursive alignment with issue positioning, not only for/against the key issue, but also within sub-groups, allowing a nuanced view of the issue. For instance, within anti-pipeline sentiment, analysis of locations, hashtags, text, and images reveals competing ideals between protection of the land (as pristine), ownership of the land (as a Vancouver resident), and stewardship of the land (as already occupied by Indigenous peoples). By tracing these discursive groups over time, we see increasing overlap within our issue network visualizations, where distinct clusters are replaced by heterogenous networks, indicating that the pipeline issue may function as a boundary object, bringing various publics closer together.
Twitter’s free-form user location field enables political expression where location-identifiers have political significance; in the Canadian landscape, for instance, users may identify according to Indigenous place names rather than officially sanctioned place names.
The implication for digital methods research is that user location provides a means of exploring issue alignment and political stance for issues with geographical components.
Methodological findings: Instagram
An analytical challenge - but also an opportunity - is posed by Instagram’s multiple discursive spaces - images, text, and hashtags - as they are variously used over time. The project prototypes a comparative approach to these multiple spaces through analysis of each through multiple time slices, including analysis of the linkages between various discourses where possible (i.e. by hashtag-image and text-image analysis). Included is a new approach to text-image analysis using Cortext, which allows exploration of the user-generated text in Instagram posts, beyond what is available via hashtag analysis.
Taken together, multiple maps reinforce certain issue patterns through their repeated representation in various visualizations; at the same time, individual maps reveal nuances of the issue that only emerge through a single discourse (whether visual, textual, or connective via hashtags). This project thus demonstrates how critical discourse analysis and visual analysis may be conducted at multiple and intersecting levels through a critical cartographical approach, enabling a more robust understanding of the issue as it is performed online.
Substantive Findings
Our findings indicate that when analyzed as above, the tools embedded in both Twitter and Instagram allow us to infer discursive alignment with issue positioning, not only for/against the key issue, but also within sub-groups, allowing a nuanced view of the issue. For instance, within anti-pipeline sentiment, analysis of locations, hashtags, text, and images reveals competing ideals between protection of the land (as pristine), ownership of the land (as a Vancouver resident), and stewardship of the land (as already occupied by Indigenous peoples). By tracing these discursive groups over time, we see increasing overlap within our issue network visualizations, where distinct clusters are replaced by heterogenous networks, indicating that the pipeline issue may function as a boundary object, bringing various publics closer together.
79.
Omena, Janna Joceli; Rabello, Elaine; Mintz, André; Sanchez-Querubin, Natalia; Ozkula, Suay; Sued, Gabriela; Elbeyi, Ece; Cicali, Alessandra
Visualising hashtag engagement: imagery of political polarization on Instagram Online
(DMI), The Digital Methods Initiative (Ed.): 2018, visited: 10.07.2018.
@online{Omena2023,
title = {Visualising hashtag engagement: imagery of political polarization on Instagram},
author = {Janna Joceli Omena and Elaine Rabello and André Mintz and Natalia Sanchez-Querubin and Suay Ozkula and Gabriela Sued and Ece Elbeyi and Alessandra Cicali},
editor = {The Digital Methods Initiative (DMI)},
url = {https://digitalmethods.net/Dmi/InstagramLivenessVisualisingengagement},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-07-10},
urldate = {2018-07-10},
abstract = {Engagement is a key parameter in social media studies: a conductor for scientific analysis and thoughts. The overall engagement is not only a representative form (or depiction) of human activities, but also a common path to think political and social issues. However, engagement can stem from and be fostered by algorithms or bots, advertising, the popularity of actors or subjects, local or global context. On social media, engagement gathers the sum of different grammars of actions (Agre, 1994) or the reoccurrence of isolated actions, which, taken together, may represent collective thought. In other words, engagement is typically perceived through a dual logic: the sums of actions media items receive (e.g. the total number of likes and comments in a picture on Instagram); the recurrent use of natively digital objects or grammars of action from many people about a topic, e.g. the adoption of hashtags (that can be driven by personal, isolated or collective acts of communication). The first returns the most engaged list what can be defined as the dominant voices, the second returns the ordinary list that is composed by the ordinary voices.
Studies based on engagement have been commonly undertaken by vanity metrics instead of critical analytics; the former being comprised of measures of analysis based on a content or actor being well-known or influential, whereas, the latter, proposes metrics of engagement (dominant voice, concern, commitment, positioning and alignment) that focus on causes and issues overtime (Rogers, 2016). That is why we should not oversimplify engagement behind “the most engaged lists or active users”. On the contrary, we should investigate and analyze the domains of engagement activity; logic, structure and the vocabulary of actions together with an understanding of the social relations. Thus,instead of looking only at most popular actors/content or total of reactions on posts, how can we study engagement through the constant repetition of ordinary voice publications?},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
Engagement is a key parameter in social media studies: a conductor for scientific analysis and thoughts. The overall engagement is not only a representative form (or depiction) of human activities, but also a common path to think political and social issues. However, engagement can stem from and be fostered by algorithms or bots, advertising, the popularity of actors or subjects, local or global context. On social media, engagement gathers the sum of different grammars of actions (Agre, 1994) or the reoccurrence of isolated actions, which, taken together, may represent collective thought. In other words, engagement is typically perceived through a dual logic: the sums of actions media items receive (e.g. the total number of likes and comments in a picture on Instagram); the recurrent use of natively digital objects or grammars of action from many people about a topic, e.g. the adoption of hashtags (that can be driven by personal, isolated or collective acts of communication). The first returns the most engaged list what can be defined as the dominant voices, the second returns the ordinary list that is composed by the ordinary voices.
Studies based on engagement have been commonly undertaken by vanity metrics instead of critical analytics; the former being comprised of measures of analysis based on a content or actor being well-known or influential, whereas, the latter, proposes metrics of engagement (dominant voice, concern, commitment, positioning and alignment) that focus on causes and issues overtime (Rogers, 2016). That is why we should not oversimplify engagement behind “the most engaged lists or active users”. On the contrary, we should investigate and analyze the domains of engagement activity; logic, structure and the vocabulary of actions together with an understanding of the social relations. Thus,instead of looking only at most popular actors/content or total of reactions on posts, how can we study engagement through the constant repetition of ordinary voice publications?
Studies based on engagement have been commonly undertaken by vanity metrics instead of critical analytics; the former being comprised of measures of analysis based on a content or actor being well-known or influential, whereas, the latter, proposes metrics of engagement (dominant voice, concern, commitment, positioning and alignment) that focus on causes and issues overtime (Rogers, 2016). That is why we should not oversimplify engagement behind “the most engaged lists or active users”. On the contrary, we should investigate and analyze the domains of engagement activity; logic, structure and the vocabulary of actions together with an understanding of the social relations. Thus,instead of looking only at most popular actors/content or total of reactions on posts, how can we study engagement through the constant repetition of ordinary voice publications?
80.
Bento, Nuno; Fontes, Margarida
Legitimation and Guidance in Energy Technology Upscaling – The Case of Floating Offshore Wind Online
2018, (see published article : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.09.035).
@online{Bento2018,
title = {Legitimation and Guidance in Energy Technology Upscaling – The Case of Floating Offshore Wind},
author = {Nuno Bento and Margarida Fontes},
url = {http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=37431},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-04-02},
abstract = {This research studies the role of the formation of collective visions and plans in accelerating the upscaling of emerging low-carbon innovations. We analyze the national roadmaps that have been developed for offshore wind energy in deepwaters, i.e., more than 50 meters deep where there is high potential of resources but whose technology is still immature. The analysis focus on how actors create legitimacy and guidance to prepare the growth of the system. The results points to different types of guidance depending on the technological and institutional context, particularly a higher external openness with technology maturity and government involvement. A survey of actors’ opinion complements the roadmaps analysis revealing the tendency for overinflatingexpectations. In addition, it suggestsroadmaps have a positive but limited impact on technology development. Policy implications include recommendations for managing the process of formation of visions and legitimacy of new technologies entering into upscaling.},
note = {see published article : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.09.035},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
This research studies the role of the formation of collective visions and plans in accelerating the upscaling of emerging low-carbon innovations. We analyze the national roadmaps that have been developed for offshore wind energy in deepwaters, i.e., more than 50 meters deep where there is high potential of resources but whose technology is still immature. The analysis focus on how actors create legitimacy and guidance to prepare the growth of the system. The results points to different types of guidance depending on the technological and institutional context, particularly a higher external openness with technology maturity and government involvement. A survey of actors’ opinion complements the roadmaps analysis revealing the tendency for overinflatingexpectations. In addition, it suggestsroadmaps have a positive but limited impact on technology development. Policy implications include recommendations for managing the process of formation of visions and legitimacy of new technologies entering into upscaling.
LIST OF SCIENTIFIC WORKS THAT HAVE USED CORTEXT MANAGER
(Sources: Google Scholar, HAL, Scopus, WOS and search engines)
We are grateful that you have found CorTexT Manager useful. Over the years, you have been more than 1050 authors to trust CorTexT for your publicly accessible analyzes. This represents a little less than 10% of CorTexT Manager user’s community. So, thank you!
We seek to understand how the scientific production that used CorText Manager has evolved and to characterise it. You will find here our analysis of this scientific production.
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