2023
Journal Articles
1.
Miara, M.; Boudes, P.; Rabier, T.; Gafsi, M.
Animal traction in developed countries: The reappropriation of a past practice through agroecological transition Journal Article
In: Journal of Rural Studies, vol. 103, pp. 103124, 2023, ISSN: 0743-0167.
@article{Miara2023,
title = {Animal traction in developed countries: The reappropriation of a past practice through agroecological transition},
author = {M. Miara and P. Boudes and T. Rabier and M. Gafsi},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0743016723001900},
doi = {/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2023.103124},
issn = {0743-0167},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-09-15},
urldate = {2023-09-15},
journal = {Journal of Rural Studies},
volume = {103},
pages = {103124},
abstract = {As part of the current agroecological transition, animal traction in agriculture is benefiting from an increased focus in developed countries. However, the practice is struggling to gain recognition from research, institutions and the agricultural profession. This article aims to analyze how animal traction is treated in developed countries, and to assess the extent to which it could be considered an agroecological practice. We analyze animal traction as a scientific object and a socio-professional movement. Our methodology is based on a review of scientific literature and an analysis of the French general press. The various studies show that animal traction has advantages in terms of energy, economics and agronomy. It tends to be developed by alternative movements and farmers motivated by a desire to redesign our food systems. Both scientific and press reviews show a renewed positive interest in animal traction. Although these reviews highlight its agroecological potential, the practice is facing difficulties in gaining recognition. The findings of this article are of obvious interest to rural development researchers and policy makers. They help the former to explore new issues in the return of animal traction, and the latter to better understand the development factors of this practice.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
As part of the current agroecological transition, animal traction in agriculture is benefiting from an increased focus in developed countries. However, the practice is struggling to gain recognition from research, institutions and the agricultural profession. This article aims to analyze how animal traction is treated in developed countries, and to assess the extent to which it could be considered an agroecological practice. We analyze animal traction as a scientific object and a socio-professional movement. Our methodology is based on a review of scientific literature and an analysis of the French general press. The various studies show that animal traction has advantages in terms of energy, economics and agronomy. It tends to be developed by alternative movements and farmers motivated by a desire to redesign our food systems. Both scientific and press reviews show a renewed positive interest in animal traction. Although these reviews highlight its agroecological potential, the practice is facing difficulties in gaining recognition. The findings of this article are of obvious interest to rural development researchers and policy makers. They help the former to explore new issues in the return of animal traction, and the latter to better understand the development factors of this practice.
2.
Loconto, Allison Marie; Garrido-Garza, Francisco; Dufeu, Ivan
Innovations for Sustainable Food Systems: Focusing on Agroecology and Participatory Guarantee Systems Journal Article
In: Journal of Rural Problems, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 37-44, 2023, ISSN: 2185-9973, (農林業問題研究).
@article{Loconto2023,
title = {Innovations for Sustainable Food Systems: Focusing on Agroecology and Participatory Guarantee Systems},
author = {Allison Marie Loconto and Francisco Garrido-Garza and Ivan Dufeu},
url = {https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/arfe/59/1/59_37/_article/-char/ja/
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/arfe/59/1/59_37/_pdf/-char/ja},
doi = {10.7310/arfe.59.37},
issn = {2185-9973},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-03-01},
urldate = {2023-03-01},
journal = {Journal of Rural Problems},
volume = {59},
number = {1},
pages = {37-44},
abstract = {While organic agriculture has created a set of institutions that allow producers to know which practices provide “organic” quality and allow consumers to recognize it via an on-package label, the landscape of agroecological products is quite fluid and diverse. Often, products are traded directly between producers and consumers and quality is conveyed verbally. However, there has been a general increase in the use of private labels to claim that products are agroecological or “more than organic”. This article explores these recent innovations by asking: How does agroecology become a product quality claim in innovative forms of quality control? To answer this question, data on labels claiming to be “agroecological” and related assurance systems were gathered through internet research, market monitoring and semi-structured interviews in the European Union. In this article we explore the range of claims, and control networks, used to characterize the so-called “agroecological” labels and confront them with FAO’s 10 principles of agroecology. This 27-country comparison offers interesting insights into the overlaps and boundaries between agroecology and organic agriculture in terms of the markets that are created.},
note = {農林業問題研究},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
While organic agriculture has created a set of institutions that allow producers to know which practices provide “organic” quality and allow consumers to recognize it via an on-package label, the landscape of agroecological products is quite fluid and diverse. Often, products are traded directly between producers and consumers and quality is conveyed verbally. However, there has been a general increase in the use of private labels to claim that products are agroecological or “more than organic”. This article explores these recent innovations by asking: How does agroecology become a product quality claim in innovative forms of quality control? To answer this question, data on labels claiming to be “agroecological” and related assurance systems were gathered through internet research, market monitoring and semi-structured interviews in the European Union. In this article we explore the range of claims, and control networks, used to characterize the so-called “agroecological” labels and confront them with FAO’s 10 principles of agroecology. This 27-country comparison offers interesting insights into the overlaps and boundaries between agroecology and organic agriculture in terms of the markets that are created.
2022
Journal Articles
3.
Malanski, Priscila Duarte; de Alencar Schiavi, Sandra Mara; Dedieu, Benoît
Le travail en agriculture dans la littérature académique internationale (2010–2019) Journal Article
In: Cahiers Agricultures, vol. 31, no. 23, 2022.
@article{Malanski2022,
title = {Le travail en agriculture dans la littérature académique internationale (2010–2019)},
author = {Priscila Duarte Malanski and Sandra Mara de Alencar Schiavi and Benoît Dedieu },
url = {https://www.cahiersagricultures.fr/articles/cagri/pdf/2022/01/cagri220018.pdf
https://www.cahiersagricultures.fr/articles/cagri/abs/2022/01/cagri220018/cagri220018.html},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1051/cagri/2022021 },
year = {2022},
date = {2022-10-01},
journal = {Cahiers Agricultures},
volume = {31},
number = {23},
abstract = {Dans le monde, près de la moitié de la population vit en milieu rural et l’agriculture est le deuxième secteur qui emploie le plus. Les problématiques liées au travail en agriculture sont diverses. Notre objectif est de caractériser le panorama international des thématiques de recherche sur le travail en agriculture à partir d’une analyse bibliométrique des articles anglophones publiés entre 2010 et 2019 dans les bases de données Web of Science et Scopus. Nous avons réalisé des analyses synchroniques (i.e. identification de réseaux de co-occurrence de mots-clés) et diachroniques (i.e. évolution de l’importance de certains objets de recherche dans le temps). Six principales thématiques de recherche sont identifiées : allocation de la main-d’œuvre, dynamiques du marché du travail, genre et vulnérabilités, santé au travail, organisation du travail dans les exploitations, gouvernance du travail dans les chaînes agroalimentaires. Les approches disciplinaires sont les plus fréquentes pour analyser les différentes problématiques, mais elles peinent à les relier les unes aux autres. Les sept objets de recherche identifiés à partir des thématiques (genre, migrations, travail des enfants, santé, organisation du travail, emploi, gouvernance du travail dans les chaînes agroalimentaires) ont suivi différentes évolutions pendant les 10 dernières années (consolidation, instabilité, émergence). Ce panorama suggère que la pluridisciplinarité est nécessaire pour explorer des objets émergents (ex. : migrations, gouvernance du travail dans les chaînes agroalimentaires) et ceux qui sont au croisement des enjeux de société (ex. : innovations).},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Dans le monde, près de la moitié de la population vit en milieu rural et l’agriculture est le deuxième secteur qui emploie le plus. Les problématiques liées au travail en agriculture sont diverses. Notre objectif est de caractériser le panorama international des thématiques de recherche sur le travail en agriculture à partir d’une analyse bibliométrique des articles anglophones publiés entre 2010 et 2019 dans les bases de données Web of Science et Scopus. Nous avons réalisé des analyses synchroniques (i.e. identification de réseaux de co-occurrence de mots-clés) et diachroniques (i.e. évolution de l’importance de certains objets de recherche dans le temps). Six principales thématiques de recherche sont identifiées : allocation de la main-d’œuvre, dynamiques du marché du travail, genre et vulnérabilités, santé au travail, organisation du travail dans les exploitations, gouvernance du travail dans les chaînes agroalimentaires. Les approches disciplinaires sont les plus fréquentes pour analyser les différentes problématiques, mais elles peinent à les relier les unes aux autres. Les sept objets de recherche identifiés à partir des thématiques (genre, migrations, travail des enfants, santé, organisation du travail, emploi, gouvernance du travail dans les chaînes agroalimentaires) ont suivi différentes évolutions pendant les 10 dernières années (consolidation, instabilité, émergence). Ce panorama suggère que la pluridisciplinarité est nécessaire pour explorer des objets émergents (ex. : migrations, gouvernance du travail dans les chaînes agroalimentaires) et ceux qui sont au croisement des enjeux de société (ex. : innovations).
4.
Rizzo, Davide; Debolini, Marta; Thenail, Claudine; Lardon, Sylvie; Marraccini , Elisa
Agriculture at the Landscape Level: Scientific Background and Literature Overview Journal Article
In: Landscape Agronomy, pp. 1–23, 2022.
@article{nokey,
title = {Agriculture at the Landscape Level: Scientific Background and Literature Overview},
author = {Davide Rizzo and Marta Debolini and Claudine Thenail and Sylvie Lardon and Elisa Marraccini },
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05263-7_1},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-01},
urldate = {2022-09-01},
journal = {Landscape Agronomy},
pages = {1–23},
abstract = {Addressing agriculture at the landscape level leads to dealing with agricultural landscapes, defined here as landscapes that contain mainly agricultural land uses. In this chapter, we focus on how agronomy and other disciplines have addressed to date agriculture beyond field and farm management. The landscape agronomy framework suggests that addressing agriculture at the landscape level allows farmers to be included with other stakeholders involved in spatially explicit management of natural resources. This framework also bridges gaps with other disciplines that work to describe and understand agricultural landscapes and their management. In addition to this qualitative summary of the scientific background, we present results of a bibliometric analysis that used the CorTexT platform to explore research keywords, (inter)disciplinary bridges and emerging issues related to these topics. The results highlighted the emergence of climate change, ecosystem services and management practices in the literature related to agronomic terms, especially when landscape is explicitly mentioned in publications’ titles, abstracts or keywords. In the end, we draw conclusions about potential improvements to this conceptual framework and introduce the structure of the present book about advances and challenges of a territorial approach to agricultural issues.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Addressing agriculture at the landscape level leads to dealing with agricultural landscapes, defined here as landscapes that contain mainly agricultural land uses. In this chapter, we focus on how agronomy and other disciplines have addressed to date agriculture beyond field and farm management. The landscape agronomy framework suggests that addressing agriculture at the landscape level allows farmers to be included with other stakeholders involved in spatially explicit management of natural resources. This framework also bridges gaps with other disciplines that work to describe and understand agricultural landscapes and their management. In addition to this qualitative summary of the scientific background, we present results of a bibliometric analysis that used the CorTexT platform to explore research keywords, (inter)disciplinary bridges and emerging issues related to these topics. The results highlighted the emergence of climate change, ecosystem services and management practices in the literature related to agronomic terms, especially when landscape is explicitly mentioned in publications’ titles, abstracts or keywords. In the end, we draw conclusions about potential improvements to this conceptual framework and introduce the structure of the present book about advances and challenges of a territorial approach to agricultural issues.
Conferences
5.
Rizzo, Davide; Combaud, Anne; Schnuriger, Nathalie; Fourati-Jamoussi, Fatma; Ritz, Simon; Leroux, Valérie
Is farming technology innovation locus dependent? Making-of an agricultural Fablab Conference
Digital book of proceedings, 14th European IFSA symposium, 14th European IFSA symposium 2022.
@conference{Rizzo2022,
title = {Is farming technology innovation locus dependent? Making-of an agricultural Fablab},
author = {Davide Rizzo and Anne Combaud and Nathalie Schnuriger and Fatma Fourati-Jamoussi and Simon Ritz and Valérie Leroux},
url = {http://ifsa.boku.ac.at/cms/fileadmin/IFSA2022/IFSA2022_Proceedings_Th5.pdf},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-04-08},
urldate = {2022-04-08},
booktitle = {Digital book of proceedings, 14th European IFSA symposium},
issuetitle = {Farming systems facing climate change and resource challenges},
organization = {14th European IFSA symposium},
school = {University of ÉVORA, Portugal},
abstract = {Innovation has multiple targets – products, production processes, marketing, stakeholders’ organizations, etc. – whose nature depends upon the socio-technical framework that orients the match between inventions and market. Amid the wealth of options to facilitate innovation, fablabs are a specific example of the digitalisation era. Originally, a fablab is “the educational outreach component of MIT’s Center for Bits and Atoms” whose identity is defined by a charter that connects local labs to the
global network. Fablabs’ goal is to provide stimulus for local entrepreneurship as well as for learning and innovation by providing access to tools for digital fabrication. This paper aims at understanding the role of fablabs and other third places in the specific context of farming technology innovation. To this end, we propose a genetic-like analysis (i.e. genotype x environment x management practices), by addressing the historical identity and traits of FTI actors, the description of the main characteristics and dynamics of the place where they are based and the innovation governance put in practice to enhance
their interactions. The approach was applied at two levels: first, the main actors of the farming technology innovation in Europe, ending with a bibliometric analysis of the available literature about fablabs, makerspaces and living labs, with a focus on agriculture. Then, a case study from northern France to describe the making of AgriLab, a fablab dedicated to open innovation towards sustainable agriculture, spanning from equipment to digital tools. AgriLab is based in Beauvais (Hauts-de-France region), together with several other local and international actors of farming technology innovation. In conclusion, we question the role of third places and AgriLab as catalysts for the emergence of relevant farming technology innovations considering the influence from the local and wider context.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Innovation has multiple targets – products, production processes, marketing, stakeholders’ organizations, etc. – whose nature depends upon the socio-technical framework that orients the match between inventions and market. Amid the wealth of options to facilitate innovation, fablabs are a specific example of the digitalisation era. Originally, a fablab is “the educational outreach component of MIT’s Center for Bits and Atoms” whose identity is defined by a charter that connects local labs to the
global network. Fablabs’ goal is to provide stimulus for local entrepreneurship as well as for learning and innovation by providing access to tools for digital fabrication. This paper aims at understanding the role of fablabs and other third places in the specific context of farming technology innovation. To this end, we propose a genetic-like analysis (i.e. genotype x environment x management practices), by addressing the historical identity and traits of FTI actors, the description of the main characteristics and dynamics of the place where they are based and the innovation governance put in practice to enhance
their interactions. The approach was applied at two levels: first, the main actors of the farming technology innovation in Europe, ending with a bibliometric analysis of the available literature about fablabs, makerspaces and living labs, with a focus on agriculture. Then, a case study from northern France to describe the making of AgriLab, a fablab dedicated to open innovation towards sustainable agriculture, spanning from equipment to digital tools. AgriLab is based in Beauvais (Hauts-de-France region), together with several other local and international actors of farming technology innovation. In conclusion, we question the role of third places and AgriLab as catalysts for the emergence of relevant farming technology innovations considering the influence from the local and wider context.
global network. Fablabs’ goal is to provide stimulus for local entrepreneurship as well as for learning and innovation by providing access to tools for digital fabrication. This paper aims at understanding the role of fablabs and other third places in the specific context of farming technology innovation. To this end, we propose a genetic-like analysis (i.e. genotype x environment x management practices), by addressing the historical identity and traits of FTI actors, the description of the main characteristics and dynamics of the place where they are based and the innovation governance put in practice to enhance
their interactions. The approach was applied at two levels: first, the main actors of the farming technology innovation in Europe, ending with a bibliometric analysis of the available literature about fablabs, makerspaces and living labs, with a focus on agriculture. Then, a case study from northern France to describe the making of AgriLab, a fablab dedicated to open innovation towards sustainable agriculture, spanning from equipment to digital tools. AgriLab is based in Beauvais (Hauts-de-France region), together with several other local and international actors of farming technology innovation. In conclusion, we question the role of third places and AgriLab as catalysts for the emergence of relevant farming technology innovations considering the influence from the local and wider context.
Book Chapters
6.
Loconto, Allison
Gouverner par les métriques : un exercice dans l'intermédiation des connaissances Book Chapter
In: Sciences, techniques et agricultures : gouverner pour transformer, 2022, ISBN: 978-2-35671-845-7.
@inbook{Loconto2022,
title = {Gouverner par les métriques : un exercice dans l'intermédiation des connaissances },
author = {Allison Loconto },
url = {https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03674025},
isbn = {978-2-35671-845-7},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-09-01},
urldate = {2022-09-01},
booktitle = {Sciences, techniques et agricultures : gouverner pour transformer},
abstract = {The Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) plays a dual role in the governance of global food security, as both an arena for policy debate and as a 'universal' knowledge institution. FAO defines itself as a 'neutral knowledge broker'. One of the instruments used to achieve this is the annual flagship publication: The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World (SOFI). It is the global reference report on developments in the fight against hunger and tracks progress made towards the achievement of the goal of food and nutrition security. The 2017 SOFI Report marks an important turning point in the history of food security reporting. On the one hand, it observed that the decline in the Prevalence of Undernourishment (PoU), observed over the previous 10 years, had probably been reversed. On the other hand, it introduced new metrics that would enable FAO reporting to also report on progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). An important change is that it proposed a subjective measure of food insecurity, the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES), whereas, until then, the PoU proposed an "objective" measure based on a balance between availability and estimated needs. Based on a lexical analysis of SOFI reports and an ethnography within the FAO, the objective of this chapter is to shed light on the relationship between quantification techniques and global policies. By developing the concept of knowledge intermediation and its infrastructures, an original reflection is presented about how governance through metrics can affect our ways of knowing about food security. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
The Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) plays a dual role in the governance of global food security, as both an arena for policy debate and as a 'universal' knowledge institution. FAO defines itself as a 'neutral knowledge broker'. One of the instruments used to achieve this is the annual flagship publication: The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World (SOFI). It is the global reference report on developments in the fight against hunger and tracks progress made towards the achievement of the goal of food and nutrition security. The 2017 SOFI Report marks an important turning point in the history of food security reporting. On the one hand, it observed that the decline in the Prevalence of Undernourishment (PoU), observed over the previous 10 years, had probably been reversed. On the other hand, it introduced new metrics that would enable FAO reporting to also report on progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). An important change is that it proposed a subjective measure of food insecurity, the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES), whereas, until then, the PoU proposed an "objective" measure based on a balance between availability and estimated needs. Based on a lexical analysis of SOFI reports and an ethnography within the FAO, the objective of this chapter is to shed light on the relationship between quantification techniques and global policies. By developing the concept of knowledge intermediation and its infrastructures, an original reflection is presented about how governance through metrics can affect our ways of knowing about food security.
2021
Journal Articles
7.
Malanski, Priscila Duarte; de Alencar Schiavi, Sandra Mara; Dedieu, Benoît; Damasceno, Julio Cesar
Labor in agrifood value chains: a scientometric review from Scopus Journal Article
In: International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, pp. 1-20, 2021.
@article{Malanski2021,
title = {Labor in agrifood value chains: a scientometric review from Scopus},
author = {Priscila Duarte Malanski and Sandra Mara de Alencar Schiavi and Benoît Dedieu and Julio Cesar Damasceno},
url = {https://www.wageningenacademic.com/doi/pdf/10.22434/IFAMR2021.0066},
doi = {10.22434/IFAMR2021.0066},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-12-24},
urldate = {2021-12-24},
journal = {International Food and Agribusiness Management Review},
pages = {1-20},
abstract = {Addressing labor issues is crucial to agrifood value chain analysis, improvements and sustainability.
However, the specific contribution of value chain approaches to discussions on labor in agriculture is still a research gap. To fill this gap, we reviewed the international literature on labor in agrifood value chains. We performed a scientometric analysis of the articles indexed in Scopus, which was composed by a bibliometric, diachronic and synchronic analysis. The main results show that labor in agrifood value chains is a relative new scientific community. Researchers’ interest evolved around three hotspots over the past 20 years, and five consolidated research domains. Our review provides an overview about the main characteristics of a rising scientific community, and a synthesis of knowledge produced to support scientific innovation on labor in agrifood value chains. Regarding chain agents, our results stress the importance of governance for improving employment and working conditions to promote chain sustainability.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Addressing labor issues is crucial to agrifood value chain analysis, improvements and sustainability.
However, the specific contribution of value chain approaches to discussions on labor in agriculture is still a research gap. To fill this gap, we reviewed the international literature on labor in agrifood value chains. We performed a scientometric analysis of the articles indexed in Scopus, which was composed by a bibliometric, diachronic and synchronic analysis. The main results show that labor in agrifood value chains is a relative new scientific community. Researchers’ interest evolved around three hotspots over the past 20 years, and five consolidated research domains. Our review provides an overview about the main characteristics of a rising scientific community, and a synthesis of knowledge produced to support scientific innovation on labor in agrifood value chains. Regarding chain agents, our results stress the importance of governance for improving employment and working conditions to promote chain sustainability.
However, the specific contribution of value chain approaches to discussions on labor in agriculture is still a research gap. To fill this gap, we reviewed the international literature on labor in agrifood value chains. We performed a scientometric analysis of the articles indexed in Scopus, which was composed by a bibliometric, diachronic and synchronic analysis. The main results show that labor in agrifood value chains is a relative new scientific community. Researchers’ interest evolved around three hotspots over the past 20 years, and five consolidated research domains. Our review provides an overview about the main characteristics of a rising scientific community, and a synthesis of knowledge produced to support scientific innovation on labor in agrifood value chains. Regarding chain agents, our results stress the importance of governance for improving employment and working conditions to promote chain sustainability.
Conferences
8.
Malanski, Priscila Duarte; de Alencar Schiavi, Sandra Mara; Dedieu, Benoît
Panorama des thématiques de recherche sur le travail en agriculture dans la littérature internationale Conference
15 èmes Journées de Recherche en Sciences Sociales (JRSS) Toulouse, 2021.
@conference{Malanskia2021,
title = {Panorama des thématiques de recherche sur le travail en agriculture dans la littérature internationale},
author = {Priscila Duarte Malanski and Sandra Mara de Alencar Schiavi and Benoît Dedieu},
url = {https://www.sfer.asso.fr/source/jrss2021/articles/C22_Malanski.pdf},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-12-10},
urldate = {2021-12-10},
address = {Toulouse},
organization = {15 èmes Journées de Recherche en Sciences Sociales (JRSS)},
abstract = {A niveau mondial, presque la moitié de la population vie en milieu rural et l’agriculture est le deuxième secteur qui emploi le plus. Néanmoins, les problématiques de terrain liées au travail en agriculture sont diverses. Études montrent que les approches disciplinaires sont les plus employés pour analyser les différentes problématiques, alors que nous considérons que, afin de
mieux les analyser, il est pertinent de prendre en compte les différentes thématiques et ses liens.
Notre objectif est de caractériser le panorama international de thématiques de recherche sur le travail en agriculture. Nous avons réalisé des analyses diachroniques et synchroniques des mots-clés des articles identifiés sur Web of Science et Scopus. Les résultats montrent que les sept objets de recherche identifiés ont suivi différentes évolutions pendant les 10 dernières
années (consolidation, émergence) et que ces objets ont été développées par six principales thématiques de recherche : allocation de la main-d’œuvre, dynamiques du marché du travail, genre et vulnérabilités, santé au travail, organisation du travail dans les exploitations, gouvernance du travail en chaînes agro-alimentaires. Ce panorama caractérise les thématiques
consolidées de la recherche sur le travail en agriculture au cours du dernier décennie et indique celles qui sont émergentes dans la littérature actuelle.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
A niveau mondial, presque la moitié de la population vie en milieu rural et l’agriculture est le deuxième secteur qui emploi le plus. Néanmoins, les problématiques de terrain liées au travail en agriculture sont diverses. Études montrent que les approches disciplinaires sont les plus employés pour analyser les différentes problématiques, alors que nous considérons que, afin de
mieux les analyser, il est pertinent de prendre en compte les différentes thématiques et ses liens.
Notre objectif est de caractériser le panorama international de thématiques de recherche sur le travail en agriculture. Nous avons réalisé des analyses diachroniques et synchroniques des mots-clés des articles identifiés sur Web of Science et Scopus. Les résultats montrent que les sept objets de recherche identifiés ont suivi différentes évolutions pendant les 10 dernières
années (consolidation, émergence) et que ces objets ont été développées par six principales thématiques de recherche : allocation de la main-d’œuvre, dynamiques du marché du travail, genre et vulnérabilités, santé au travail, organisation du travail dans les exploitations, gouvernance du travail en chaînes agro-alimentaires. Ce panorama caractérise les thématiques
consolidées de la recherche sur le travail en agriculture au cours du dernier décennie et indique celles qui sont émergentes dans la littérature actuelle.
mieux les analyser, il est pertinent de prendre en compte les différentes thématiques et ses liens.
Notre objectif est de caractériser le panorama international de thématiques de recherche sur le travail en agriculture. Nous avons réalisé des analyses diachroniques et synchroniques des mots-clés des articles identifiés sur Web of Science et Scopus. Les résultats montrent que les sept objets de recherche identifiés ont suivi différentes évolutions pendant les 10 dernières
années (consolidation, émergence) et que ces objets ont été développées par six principales thématiques de recherche : allocation de la main-d’œuvre, dynamiques du marché du travail, genre et vulnérabilités, santé au travail, organisation du travail dans les exploitations, gouvernance du travail en chaînes agro-alimentaires. Ce panorama caractérise les thématiques
consolidées de la recherche sur le travail en agriculture au cours du dernier décennie et indique celles qui sont émergentes dans la littérature actuelle.
9.
Rizzo, Davide; Marraccini, Elisa
Research topics in crop diversification research at the landscape level: early evidence from a text mining approach Conference
Landscape 2021 - Diversity for Sustainable and Resilient Agriculture, Berlin, Germany, 2021.
@conference{Rizzo2021,
title = {Research topics in crop diversification research at the landscape level: early evidence from a text mining approach},
author = {Davide Rizzo and Elisa Marraccini},
url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03255023},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-09-20},
urldate = {2021-09-20},
booktitle = {Landscape 2021 - Diversity for Sustainable and Resilient Agriculture},
address = {Berlin, Germany},
abstract = {Crop diversification has many benefits both at the cropping system and the food system levels and has been addressed in agricultural research (Hufnagel et al., 2020). Landscape design and management in agricultural regions can support crop diversification by building bridges with scientific domains like ecology and geography (Benoit et al., 2012). Though, little is known on how the research community has addressed the crop diversification within a landscape perspective. In this paper we investigated a bibliographic corpus retrieved from the Scopus database papers coupling crop diversification and landscape (in title, abstract and keywords), retrieving 461 papers for the period 1990 to 2020. The corpus was analysed using the CorText platform (e.g., Ruiz-Martinez et al., 2015). First, natural language processing was used to extract multi-terms from title, abstract and keywords. Then, we mined the temporal dynamics and co-occurrence of the 100 most frequent terms. Our findings showed that species richness emerges as the main topic in this corpus, and that natural enemies, crop types and natural control increased in importance. In the last years, genetic diversity, climate change and agricultural production also gained attention. On the contrary, land use and some of the terms related to diversity (landscape, plant and farmland) were marginal or decreasing. By analysing the terms co-occurrence on the three decades, we observed that the papers addressing crop varieties and agroforestry system split into two streams: one about agricultural production in relation to climate change and the other about farm size and land use. Instead, the functional diversity and field margin disappeared from the recent literature. Land use patterns and landscape diversity converged mainly on studies about biological pest control. Altogether, the corpus highlighted that the spatial configuration lost in importance when addressing crop diversification. In addition, the species diversity gained in attention finally catching a large part of the literature in the corpus. From a landscape approach perspective, we might point out the apparent lack of a major topic: the involvement of local community and stakeholders. Our simple and rapid text mining approach yielded early evidence of knowledge gaps about the landscape level in crop diversification literature. The expected contribution of approaching the crop diversification at the landscape level would be to provide a relevant framework for the characterisation of the baseline system to be diversified. In particular, the landscape agronomy perspective stressed the need to define the scale and target area for crop diversification consistently with (natural and cultivated) species diversity embedded in a local socio-technical system. References Hufnagel, J., Reckling, M., & Ewert, F. (2020). Diverse approaches to crop diversification in agricultural research. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 40(2), 1-17. Ruiz-Martinez, I., Marraccini, E., Debolini, M., & Bonari, E. (2015). Indicators of agricultural intensity and intensification: a review of the literature. Italian Journal of Agronomy, 10(2), 74-84. Benoît, M., Rizzo, D., Marraccini, E., Moonen, A. C., Galli, M., Lardon, S., ... & Bonari, E. (2012). Landscape agronomy: a new field for addressing agricultural landscape dynamics. Landscape ecology, 27(10), 1385-1394. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Crop diversification has many benefits both at the cropping system and the food system levels and has been addressed in agricultural research (Hufnagel et al., 2020). Landscape design and management in agricultural regions can support crop diversification by building bridges with scientific domains like ecology and geography (Benoit et al., 2012). Though, little is known on how the research community has addressed the crop diversification within a landscape perspective. In this paper we investigated a bibliographic corpus retrieved from the Scopus database papers coupling crop diversification and landscape (in title, abstract and keywords), retrieving 461 papers for the period 1990 to 2020. The corpus was analysed using the CorText platform (e.g., Ruiz-Martinez et al., 2015). First, natural language processing was used to extract multi-terms from title, abstract and keywords. Then, we mined the temporal dynamics and co-occurrence of the 100 most frequent terms. Our findings showed that species richness emerges as the main topic in this corpus, and that natural enemies, crop types and natural control increased in importance. In the last years, genetic diversity, climate change and agricultural production also gained attention. On the contrary, land use and some of the terms related to diversity (landscape, plant and farmland) were marginal or decreasing. By analysing the terms co-occurrence on the three decades, we observed that the papers addressing crop varieties and agroforestry system split into two streams: one about agricultural production in relation to climate change and the other about farm size and land use. Instead, the functional diversity and field margin disappeared from the recent literature. Land use patterns and landscape diversity converged mainly on studies about biological pest control. Altogether, the corpus highlighted that the spatial configuration lost in importance when addressing crop diversification. In addition, the species diversity gained in attention finally catching a large part of the literature in the corpus. From a landscape approach perspective, we might point out the apparent lack of a major topic: the involvement of local community and stakeholders. Our simple and rapid text mining approach yielded early evidence of knowledge gaps about the landscape level in crop diversification literature. The expected contribution of approaching the crop diversification at the landscape level would be to provide a relevant framework for the characterisation of the baseline system to be diversified. In particular, the landscape agronomy perspective stressed the need to define the scale and target area for crop diversification consistently with (natural and cultivated) species diversity embedded in a local socio-technical system. References Hufnagel, J., Reckling, M., & Ewert, F. (2020). Diverse approaches to crop diversification in agricultural research. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 40(2), 1-17. Ruiz-Martinez, I., Marraccini, E., Debolini, M., & Bonari, E. (2015). Indicators of agricultural intensity and intensification: a review of the literature. Italian Journal of Agronomy, 10(2), 74-84. Benoît, M., Rizzo, D., Marraccini, E., Moonen, A. C., Galli, M., Lardon, S., ... & Bonari, E. (2012). Landscape agronomy: a new field for addressing agricultural landscape dynamics. Landscape ecology, 27(10), 1385-1394.
Proceedings Articles
10.
de Souza, Mariana Augusta; Malanski, Priscila Duarte; Dedieu, Benoît; de Alencar Schiavi, Sandra Mara
Agricultural labor in global value chains: a bibliometric review from Web of Science Proceedings Article
In: The International Symposium on Work in Agriculture (ISWA) 2021.
@inproceedings{deSouza2021,
title = {Agricultural labor in global value chains: a bibliometric review from Web of Science},
author = {Mariana Augusta de Souza and Priscila Duarte Malanski and Benoît Dedieu and Sandra Mara de Alencar Schiavi},
url = {https://symposium.inrae.fr/workinagriculture-iswa/content/download/4950/70256/version/1/file/WS1_S2_Souza_Long%20paper.pdf},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-03-29},
urldate = {2021-03-29},
organization = {The International Symposium on Work in Agriculture (ISWA)},
abstract = {Agricultural labor is of great importance as it employs a large part of the population and provides food and other products to everyone around the globe. However, job opportunities in this agricultural sector have been decreasing. In order to change this situation, the rural population seeks to increase productive efficiency and added value in the production stages to enter in agricultural value chains and remain in global markets. However, there are no studies that summarize the advances of the main
contribution of global value chains approach to labor studies in agriculture. To fill this knowledge gap, the aim of the study was to characterize the research domains on agricultural labor in global value chains through a bibliometric review study. Our main findings are that (1) knowledge production on agricultural labor in global value chains is structured in three main research domains:
socioeconomic aspects of labor in value chains; implications of global value chains on labor; technological development of global value chains; (2) the top countries, top institutions, top journals, top authors and most-cited articles are identified. We show for the first time the overview of research on agricultural labor in global value chains indexed in Web of Science, which provides the path of references that can be used as background for further studies. The paper encourages research on new topics and collaborations between authors and institutions for such achievement.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Agricultural labor is of great importance as it employs a large part of the population and provides food and other products to everyone around the globe. However, job opportunities in this agricultural sector have been decreasing. In order to change this situation, the rural population seeks to increase productive efficiency and added value in the production stages to enter in agricultural value chains and remain in global markets. However, there are no studies that summarize the advances of the main
contribution of global value chains approach to labor studies in agriculture. To fill this knowledge gap, the aim of the study was to characterize the research domains on agricultural labor in global value chains through a bibliometric review study. Our main findings are that (1) knowledge production on agricultural labor in global value chains is structured in three main research domains:
socioeconomic aspects of labor in value chains; implications of global value chains on labor; technological development of global value chains; (2) the top countries, top institutions, top journals, top authors and most-cited articles are identified. We show for the first time the overview of research on agricultural labor in global value chains indexed in Web of Science, which provides the path of references that can be used as background for further studies. The paper encourages research on new topics and collaborations between authors and institutions for such achievement.
contribution of global value chains approach to labor studies in agriculture. To fill this knowledge gap, the aim of the study was to characterize the research domains on agricultural labor in global value chains through a bibliometric review study. Our main findings are that (1) knowledge production on agricultural labor in global value chains is structured in three main research domains:
socioeconomic aspects of labor in value chains; implications of global value chains on labor; technological development of global value chains; (2) the top countries, top institutions, top journals, top authors and most-cited articles are identified. We show for the first time the overview of research on agricultural labor in global value chains indexed in Web of Science, which provides the path of references that can be used as background for further studies. The paper encourages research on new topics and collaborations between authors and institutions for such achievement.
Online
11.
Saubin, Méline; Louet, Clémentine; Bousset, Lydia; Fabre, Frédéric; Fudal, Isabelle; Grognard, Frédéric; Mailleret, Ludovic; Stoeckel, Solenn; Touzeau, Suzanne; Petre, Benjamin; Halkett, Fabien
2021, visited: 01.10.2021.
@online{Saubin2021,
title = {Improving the design of sustainable crop protection strategies thanks to population genetics concepts},
author = {Méline Saubin and Clémentine Louet and Lydia Bousset and Frédéric Fabre and Isabelle Fudal and Frédéric Grognard and Ludovic Mailleret and Solenn Stoeckel and Suzanne Touzeau and Benjamin Petre and Fabien Halkett},
url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03394837},
doi = {10.1111/mec.16634},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-10-01},
urldate = {2021-10-01},
abstract = {Cropping genetically resistant plants allows to control pathogen populations while substantially reducing chemical inputs. However, resistances are often quickly defeated by pathogens. In this context, how can sustainable crop protection be achieved? This question has shaped the debate about the durability of genetic resistances in agriculture for decades, and, despite active research efforts, has not been satisfactorily answered yet. Here we demonstrate from a bibliography analysis that the research field of resistance durability evolved into two non-overlapping directions: (i) the subfield of 'epidemiology and evolution', which aims to forecast and explain pathogen population dynamics; (ii) the subfield of 'molecular interactions', which studies the molecular processes involved in the overcoming of resistance and in the dialogue between plants and pathogens. After reviewing briefly these two subfields and the gap between the corresponding research communities, we propose strategies to merge these approaches into one by using the concepts of population genetics. Ultimately, such new eco-evolutionary studies could be used to determine the best strategy for the deployment of genetically resistant cultivars by integrating, from gene to landscape, all relevant and contextual biological knowledge into sound theoretical models.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
Cropping genetically resistant plants allows to control pathogen populations while substantially reducing chemical inputs. However, resistances are often quickly defeated by pathogens. In this context, how can sustainable crop protection be achieved? This question has shaped the debate about the durability of genetic resistances in agriculture for decades, and, despite active research efforts, has not been satisfactorily answered yet. Here we demonstrate from a bibliography analysis that the research field of resistance durability evolved into two non-overlapping directions: (i) the subfield of 'epidemiology and evolution', which aims to forecast and explain pathogen population dynamics; (ii) the subfield of 'molecular interactions', which studies the molecular processes involved in the overcoming of resistance and in the dialogue between plants and pathogens. After reviewing briefly these two subfields and the gap between the corresponding research communities, we propose strategies to merge these approaches into one by using the concepts of population genetics. Ultimately, such new eco-evolutionary studies could be used to determine the best strategy for the deployment of genetically resistant cultivars by integrating, from gene to landscape, all relevant and contextual biological knowledge into sound theoretical models.
Technical Reports
12.
Dashkina, Regina; Barbier, Marc; Richard, Guy; Bethinger, Audrey; Caillaud, Marc Antoine; Donnars, Catherine; Girard, Agnès; Girard, Kim; Mouël, Chantal Le; Perchec, Sophie Le; Leenhardt, Sophie; Lelievre, Virginie; Leiser, Hugues; Mora, Olivier; Raulet, Mégane; Réchauchère, Olivier; Savini, Isabelle; Tibi, Anaïs
Analyse des 44 opérations d’expertise scientifique collective, d’étude et de prospective réalisées par l’Inra de 2000 à 2020. Résumé du volume 1: analyse textuelle des résumés, INRAE (France): 20 ans d’expertise scientifique collective, de prospective et d’étude à l ’INRA. Technical Report
2021.
@techreport{Dashkina2021,
title = {Analyse des 44 opérations d’expertise scientifique collective, d’étude et de prospective réalisées par l’Inra de 2000 à 2020. Résumé du volume 1: analyse textuelle des résumés, INRAE (France): 20 ans d’expertise scientifique collective, de prospective et d’étude à l ’INRA.},
author = {Regina Dashkina and Marc Barbier and Guy Richard and Audrey Bethinger and Marc Antoine Caillaud and Catherine Donnars and Agnès Girard and Kim Girard and Chantal Le Mouël and Sophie Le Perchec and Sophie Leenhardt and Virginie Lelievre and Hugues Leiser and Olivier Mora and Mégane Raulet and Olivier Réchauchère and Isabelle Savini and Anaïs Tibi},
url = {https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03250597},
doi = {https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03250597},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-06-25},
urldate = {2021-06-25},
abstract = {Depuis le début des années 2000, l’Inra, devenu INRAE le 1er janvier 2020, a conduit 44 opérations d’expertise scientifique collective, d’étude et de prospective sur des thématiques relevant de l’agriculture, de l’alimentation et de l’environnement. C’est une activité très importante pour l’institut, inscrite dans les missions d’un Établissement Public à caractère Scientifique et Technique (EPST), à une période où l’expertise scientifique est à la fois fortement sollicitée et controversée au sein de la société. En revenant sur les productions issues de cette activité d’expertise au sens large, il est possible d’analyser les contenus thématiques déployés sur une vingtaine d’années pour caractériser et s’interroger sur la nature des questions et des sujets confiés à l’Inra en vue d’éclairer la décision publique et les débats publics dans leur ensemble. Pour conduire une telle analyse réflexive, nous avons mobilisé des outils et des compétences venant des « data sciences », plus particulièrement le logiciel d’analyse textuelle Iramuteq1 et les outils en ligne de la plateforme CorTexT2. La mise en œuvre de ces instruments a été accompagnée par une Master Class à destination des agents de la Direction de l’Expertise scientifique collective, de la prospective et des études (DEPE) d’INRAE de façon à développer les compétences individuelles et collectives en analyse textuelle et à mobiliser les savoir-faire dans la constitution des corpus analysés. La synthèse ci-après présente les résultats d’une partie des analyses réalisées sur le corpus constitué des résumés (d’une dizaine de pages) des trois types d’opérations conduites depuis 2000 : 17 expertises scientifiques collectives, 11 études et 16 prospectives. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
Depuis le début des années 2000, l’Inra, devenu INRAE le 1er janvier 2020, a conduit 44 opérations d’expertise scientifique collective, d’étude et de prospective sur des thématiques relevant de l’agriculture, de l’alimentation et de l’environnement. C’est une activité très importante pour l’institut, inscrite dans les missions d’un Établissement Public à caractère Scientifique et Technique (EPST), à une période où l’expertise scientifique est à la fois fortement sollicitée et controversée au sein de la société. En revenant sur les productions issues de cette activité d’expertise au sens large, il est possible d’analyser les contenus thématiques déployés sur une vingtaine d’années pour caractériser et s’interroger sur la nature des questions et des sujets confiés à l’Inra en vue d’éclairer la décision publique et les débats publics dans leur ensemble. Pour conduire une telle analyse réflexive, nous avons mobilisé des outils et des compétences venant des « data sciences », plus particulièrement le logiciel d’analyse textuelle Iramuteq1 et les outils en ligne de la plateforme CorTexT2. La mise en œuvre de ces instruments a été accompagnée par une Master Class à destination des agents de la Direction de l’Expertise scientifique collective, de la prospective et des études (DEPE) d’INRAE de façon à développer les compétences individuelles et collectives en analyse textuelle et à mobiliser les savoir-faire dans la constitution des corpus analysés. La synthèse ci-après présente les résultats d’une partie des analyses réalisées sur le corpus constitué des résumés (d’une dizaine de pages) des trois types d’opérations conduites depuis 2000 : 17 expertises scientifiques collectives, 11 études et 16 prospectives.
13.
Toffolini, Quentin
Analyse quantitative et sémantique de la littérature scientifique liée à l'« innovation ouverte » : Rapport d’étude dans le cadre du « chantier Innovation Ouverte INRAE ». Technical Report
INRAE UMR Agronomie 2021.
@techreport{Toffolini2021,
title = { Analyse quantitative et sémantique de la littérature scientifique liée à l'« innovation ouverte » : Rapport d’étude dans le cadre du « chantier Innovation Ouverte INRAE ».},
author = {Quentin Toffolini},
url = {https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03262527/file/2021-05-11-analyse-semantique-IO-rapport-diff.pdf},
doi = {https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03262527},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-06-16},
institution = {INRAE UMR Agronomie},
abstract = {Objectifs de l’étude et méthodes
L’analyse quantitative et sémantique des articles traitant d’innovation ouverte vise :
- d’une part, à rendre intelligible et analyser ce que l’« innovation ouverte » (IO) recouvre et signifie pour le monde de la recherche, pour équiper une réflexion sur ce qu’elle implique spécifiquement pour les recherches dans les domaines de l’agriculture, de l’environnement et de l’alimentation avec leurs variétés d’objets (pratiques agricoles, biens communs environnementaux, technologies agroalimentaires...)
- de compléter éventuellement les dimensions à analyser au sein des dispositifs qui relèvent de l’IO dans les activités de l’institut INRAE, et ce qu’ils transforment (ex. les relations partenariales, le rôle de la recherche, les questions scientifiques traitées, les créations et partages de valeurs).
L’analyse du corpus de publications scientifiques répond alors à différentes questions : quels sont les thèmes, objets, et questions qui animent les communautés mobilisant le concept d’IO ? Est-ce que les apports de la littérature IO peuvent aider à appréhender, décrire, développer ou s’engager dans des dispositifs relevant d’une ouverture des recherches ou de l’innovation à des acteurs de la société ? L’analyse se base sur un corpus de 5413 références issues de la base de données Scopus, interrogée
avec une requête simple sur les termes liés à « open innovation » recherchés dans les titres, résumés et mots clés, entre 2003 et 20191. Ce corpus n’a pas été retravaillé, l’objectif n’étant pas de cibler au mieux les références qui seraient au cœur des travaux le plus directement associés au concept d’IO, mais bien d’analyser l’ensemble des travaux que le concept et sa mobilisation recouvrent.
Une diversification récente des domaines disciplinaires, malgré la prépondérance du management. Des recoupements encore rares avec les domaines d’INRAE (agriculture, environnement, alimentation) },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
Objectifs de l’étude et méthodes
L’analyse quantitative et sémantique des articles traitant d’innovation ouverte vise :
- d’une part, à rendre intelligible et analyser ce que l’« innovation ouverte » (IO) recouvre et signifie pour le monde de la recherche, pour équiper une réflexion sur ce qu’elle implique spécifiquement pour les recherches dans les domaines de l’agriculture, de l’environnement et de l’alimentation avec leurs variétés d’objets (pratiques agricoles, biens communs environnementaux, technologies agroalimentaires...)
- de compléter éventuellement les dimensions à analyser au sein des dispositifs qui relèvent de l’IO dans les activités de l’institut INRAE, et ce qu’ils transforment (ex. les relations partenariales, le rôle de la recherche, les questions scientifiques traitées, les créations et partages de valeurs).
L’analyse du corpus de publications scientifiques répond alors à différentes questions : quels sont les thèmes, objets, et questions qui animent les communautés mobilisant le concept d’IO ? Est-ce que les apports de la littérature IO peuvent aider à appréhender, décrire, développer ou s’engager dans des dispositifs relevant d’une ouverture des recherches ou de l’innovation à des acteurs de la société ? L’analyse se base sur un corpus de 5413 références issues de la base de données Scopus, interrogée
avec une requête simple sur les termes liés à « open innovation » recherchés dans les titres, résumés et mots clés, entre 2003 et 20191. Ce corpus n’a pas été retravaillé, l’objectif n’étant pas de cibler au mieux les références qui seraient au cœur des travaux le plus directement associés au concept d’IO, mais bien d’analyser l’ensemble des travaux que le concept et sa mobilisation recouvrent.
Une diversification récente des domaines disciplinaires, malgré la prépondérance du management. Des recoupements encore rares avec les domaines d’INRAE (agriculture, environnement, alimentation)
L’analyse quantitative et sémantique des articles traitant d’innovation ouverte vise :
- d’une part, à rendre intelligible et analyser ce que l’« innovation ouverte » (IO) recouvre et signifie pour le monde de la recherche, pour équiper une réflexion sur ce qu’elle implique spécifiquement pour les recherches dans les domaines de l’agriculture, de l’environnement et de l’alimentation avec leurs variétés d’objets (pratiques agricoles, biens communs environnementaux, technologies agroalimentaires...)
- de compléter éventuellement les dimensions à analyser au sein des dispositifs qui relèvent de l’IO dans les activités de l’institut INRAE, et ce qu’ils transforment (ex. les relations partenariales, le rôle de la recherche, les questions scientifiques traitées, les créations et partages de valeurs).
L’analyse du corpus de publications scientifiques répond alors à différentes questions : quels sont les thèmes, objets, et questions qui animent les communautés mobilisant le concept d’IO ? Est-ce que les apports de la littérature IO peuvent aider à appréhender, décrire, développer ou s’engager dans des dispositifs relevant d’une ouverture des recherches ou de l’innovation à des acteurs de la société ? L’analyse se base sur un corpus de 5413 références issues de la base de données Scopus, interrogée
avec une requête simple sur les termes liés à « open innovation » recherchés dans les titres, résumés et mots clés, entre 2003 et 20191. Ce corpus n’a pas été retravaillé, l’objectif n’étant pas de cibler au mieux les références qui seraient au cœur des travaux le plus directement associés au concept d’IO, mais bien d’analyser l’ensemble des travaux que le concept et sa mobilisation recouvrent.
Une diversification récente des domaines disciplinaires, malgré la prépondérance du management. Des recoupements encore rares avec les domaines d’INRAE (agriculture, environnement, alimentation)
14.
Snapp, Sieglinde; Kebede, Yodit; Wollenberg, Lini; Dittmer, Kyle M.; Brickman, Sarah; Egler, Cecelia; Shelton, Sadie
Agroecology & climate change rapid evidence review: Performance of agroecological approaches in low- and middle- income countries. Technical Report
CGIAR 2021.
@techreport{SNAPP2021,
title = {Agroecology & climate change rapid evidence review: Performance of agroecological approaches in low- and middle- income countries. },
author = {Sieglinde Snapp and Yodit Kebede and Lini Wollenberg and Kyle M. Dittmer and Sarah Brickman and Cecelia Egler and Sadie Shelton},
editor = {Wageningen, the Netherlands: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)},
url = {https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/113487/CCAFS%20FCDO%20AE%20Review%202021.pdf?sequence=5},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-04-01},
urldate = {2021-04-01},
institution = {CGIAR},
abstract = {The agroecological approach with the strongest body of evidence for impacts on climate change adaptation was farm diversification (strong evidence and high agreement ). This included positive impacts of diversification on pollination, pest control, nutrient cycling, water regulation and soil fertility. The agroecological approach with the strongest body of evidence for impacts on climate change mitigation was tropical agroforestry, which had associated sequestration of carbon in biomass and soil. In general, agroecology impacts on climate change mitigation were primarily substantial carbon sequestration benefits (medium evidence, high agreement). There was also evidence – primarily from the Global North – that mitigation of nitrous oxide (N2O) is often associated with organic farming and ecological management of nutrients (medium evidence, medium agreement). However, a large data gap was found for agricultural greenhouse gas emissions, with almost no evidence from the Global South. There were also evidence gaps for agroecology approaches involving livestock integration, landscape-scale redesign and for multi-scalar analysis.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
The agroecological approach with the strongest body of evidence for impacts on climate change adaptation was farm diversification (strong evidence and high agreement ). This included positive impacts of diversification on pollination, pest control, nutrient cycling, water regulation and soil fertility. The agroecological approach with the strongest body of evidence for impacts on climate change mitigation was tropical agroforestry, which had associated sequestration of carbon in biomass and soil. In general, agroecology impacts on climate change mitigation were primarily substantial carbon sequestration benefits (medium evidence, high agreement). There was also evidence – primarily from the Global North – that mitigation of nitrous oxide (N2O) is often associated with organic farming and ecological management of nutrients (medium evidence, medium agreement). However, a large data gap was found for agricultural greenhouse gas emissions, with almost no evidence from the Global South. There were also evidence gaps for agroecology approaches involving livestock integration, landscape-scale redesign and for multi-scalar analysis.
15.
Loconto, Allison; Garrido-Garza, Francisco
Formal and informal European quality assurance initiatives offering a connection between local gastronomy and small-scale farmers Technical Report
2021.
@techreport{Loconto2021,
title = {Formal and informal European quality assurance initiatives offering a connection between local gastronomy and small-scale farmers},
author = {Allison Loconto and Francisco Garrido-Garza},
url = {https://www.cortext.net/wp-content/uploads/agrikulti_final-report_25-01-2021.pdf},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-25},
abstract = {Since the turn of the 21st century, short food supply chains (SFSC) (Renting et al., 2003; Marsden et al., 2000) and values-based food chains (Ostrom et al., 2017) have emerged across Europe as an increasingly popular means to create closer linkages between producers and consumers. While the European Union (EU) average for farms selling more than half of their production direction to consumers is near 15 %, this is distributed unevenly among member nations and is largely restricted to small farms (Augére-Granier, 2016). This report argues that direct sales had minor importance in Malta, Austria and Spain, where supermarkets dominate food retail with more than 90% market share. However, direct sales, traditional specialty shops and food markets are very important in other countries. Direct sales account for 25% in Greece, 21% in France, 19% in Slovakia and around 18% in Hungary, Romania and Estonia (Augére-Granier, 2016). In addition, a nationally representative survey in France found that 42% of consumers had purchased food through a SFSC during the month prior to the study (Loisel et al., 2016).
SFSCs are considered to be short based on criteria of social and geographic proximity.
Kneafsey et al. (2013) put forward the following definition – based on French ministerial and the European Commission (EC) definitions – in order to separate these initiatives from conventional food chains.
“The foods involved are identified by, and traceable to a farmer. The number of intermediaries between farmer and consumer should be ‘minimal’ or ideally nil.” (p. 42).
Recent consumer research demonstrates that trust-worthiness of food chain actors and the openness of food manufacturers are strongly related to consumer confidence in food (Macready et al., 2020). Thus, the assumption of SFSC promoters is that this greater transparency translates into greater consumer confidence in producers and as a result more social, equitable and fairer trading practices between producers and consumers.
Quality assurance and certification are the most common means used to communicate transparency and openness in both conventional and sustainable supply chains (UN environment, 2017). Prior research demonstrates that there are a variety of ways in which assurance and certification can be organized in order to credibly guarantee quality (Loconto, 2017a).
Within this context, the Hungarian Ministry of Agriculture has commissioned AGRI KULTI to develop an information and quality assurance system, that identifies management patterns across the connection of local production and gastronomy, both in Hungary and in the European Union (Food Track project). For this reason, a comprehensive and comparative data analysis is required. Thus, this study consisted of exploring and analysing initiatives, businesses or organizations in the EU that can be classified as SFSCs and that communicate their sustainability quality attributions (e.g., organic, local, healthy, agro-ecological, traditional, etc.) through a variety of forms of certification.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
Since the turn of the 21st century, short food supply chains (SFSC) (Renting et al., 2003; Marsden et al., 2000) and values-based food chains (Ostrom et al., 2017) have emerged across Europe as an increasingly popular means to create closer linkages between producers and consumers. While the European Union (EU) average for farms selling more than half of their production direction to consumers is near 15 %, this is distributed unevenly among member nations and is largely restricted to small farms (Augére-Granier, 2016). This report argues that direct sales had minor importance in Malta, Austria and Spain, where supermarkets dominate food retail with more than 90% market share. However, direct sales, traditional specialty shops and food markets are very important in other countries. Direct sales account for 25% in Greece, 21% in France, 19% in Slovakia and around 18% in Hungary, Romania and Estonia (Augére-Granier, 2016). In addition, a nationally representative survey in France found that 42% of consumers had purchased food through a SFSC during the month prior to the study (Loisel et al., 2016).
SFSCs are considered to be short based on criteria of social and geographic proximity.
Kneafsey et al. (2013) put forward the following definition – based on French ministerial and the European Commission (EC) definitions – in order to separate these initiatives from conventional food chains.
“The foods involved are identified by, and traceable to a farmer. The number of intermediaries between farmer and consumer should be ‘minimal’ or ideally nil.” (p. 42).
Recent consumer research demonstrates that trust-worthiness of food chain actors and the openness of food manufacturers are strongly related to consumer confidence in food (Macready et al., 2020). Thus, the assumption of SFSC promoters is that this greater transparency translates into greater consumer confidence in producers and as a result more social, equitable and fairer trading practices between producers and consumers.
Quality assurance and certification are the most common means used to communicate transparency and openness in both conventional and sustainable supply chains (UN environment, 2017). Prior research demonstrates that there are a variety of ways in which assurance and certification can be organized in order to credibly guarantee quality (Loconto, 2017a).
Within this context, the Hungarian Ministry of Agriculture has commissioned AGRI KULTI to develop an information and quality assurance system, that identifies management patterns across the connection of local production and gastronomy, both in Hungary and in the European Union (Food Track project). For this reason, a comprehensive and comparative data analysis is required. Thus, this study consisted of exploring and analysing initiatives, businesses or organizations in the EU that can be classified as SFSCs and that communicate their sustainability quality attributions (e.g., organic, local, healthy, agro-ecological, traditional, etc.) through a variety of forms of certification.
SFSCs are considered to be short based on criteria of social and geographic proximity.
Kneafsey et al. (2013) put forward the following definition – based on French ministerial and the European Commission (EC) definitions – in order to separate these initiatives from conventional food chains.
“The foods involved are identified by, and traceable to a farmer. The number of intermediaries between farmer and consumer should be ‘minimal’ or ideally nil.” (p. 42).
Recent consumer research demonstrates that trust-worthiness of food chain actors and the openness of food manufacturers are strongly related to consumer confidence in food (Macready et al., 2020). Thus, the assumption of SFSC promoters is that this greater transparency translates into greater consumer confidence in producers and as a result more social, equitable and fairer trading practices between producers and consumers.
Quality assurance and certification are the most common means used to communicate transparency and openness in both conventional and sustainable supply chains (UN environment, 2017). Prior research demonstrates that there are a variety of ways in which assurance and certification can be organized in order to credibly guarantee quality (Loconto, 2017a).
Within this context, the Hungarian Ministry of Agriculture has commissioned AGRI KULTI to develop an information and quality assurance system, that identifies management patterns across the connection of local production and gastronomy, both in Hungary and in the European Union (Food Track project). For this reason, a comprehensive and comparative data analysis is required. Thus, this study consisted of exploring and analysing initiatives, businesses or organizations in the EU that can be classified as SFSCs and that communicate their sustainability quality attributions (e.g., organic, local, healthy, agro-ecological, traditional, etc.) through a variety of forms of certification.
2020
Journal Articles
16.
Malanski, Priscila Duarte; Dedieu, Benoît; de Alencar Schiavi, Sandra Mara
Mapping the research domains on work in agriculture. A bibliometric review from Scopus database Journal Article
In: Journal of Rural Studies, 2020, ISSN: 0743-0167.
@article{Malanski2020b,
title = {Mapping the research domains on work in agriculture. A bibliometric review from Scopus database},
author = {Priscila Duarte Malanski and Benoît Dedieu and Sandra Mara de Alencar Schiavi},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0743016720311864},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.10.050},
issn = {0743-0167},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-10-27},
urldate = {2020-10-27},
journal = {Journal of Rural Studies},
abstract = {Near to half of world population lives in rural areas, and agriculture is responsible for 28% of global employment. Structural changes in agriculture impacting labor and the low attractivity of employment and working conditions in this sector are the major issues for the permanence and renewal of the rural workforce. Promoting decent work is essential to reach sustainable development. According to the ILO definition, decent work involves a wide range of conditions linked between them that include and go beyond farming work (e.g. gender equity, workplace security, fair income, among others). This complex situation requires for scientists the analysis of the diverse topics, as well as the development of interdisciplinary approaches to deal with this diversity. A review of the scientific literature is necessary to summarize the knowledge that has been produced and identify the current trends related to work in agriculture. In order to provide a background in this topic, the aim of this study was to review the state of the international literature related to work in agriculture, through a bibliometric analysis of scientific articles indexed in Scopus bibliographical database. Our findings show that USA, UK, France and China are the leaders in the scientific landscape according to: geographical production of knowledge, main journals and authors, and most-cited articles. The analysis of work in agriculture is declined in five main research domains: 1) social issues in rural areas; 2) labor market; 3) household strategies of labor allocation, 4) work organization in livestock farms; and 5) occupational health in farms. These research domains are investigated by four main scientific communities that prevail in the international literature: 1) agricultural economics; 2) ergonomics; 3) social issues for rural development; and 5) livestock farming systems. Besides those mainstream research, three major research trends emerged: 1) migration and precarious employment condition; 2) work issues in advisory services; and 3) labor governance in global value chains. These trends reflect ongoing transformations in agriculture that are important to think about the future of the work in this sector and its impacts on sustainable development. We show for the first time the characteristics of the main scientific communities that have performed the most relevant research indexed in Scopus database related to work in agriculture over the past 10 years. This review offers an overview in an interdisciplinary topic, and provides a benchmark for future cutting-edge research. The ILO definition of decent work can be a guideline for focus and deepen specific topics, since our findings indicate that several of them are linked to work-related issues in agriculture, which could support sustainable development on this sector.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Near to half of world population lives in rural areas, and agriculture is responsible for 28% of global employment. Structural changes in agriculture impacting labor and the low attractivity of employment and working conditions in this sector are the major issues for the permanence and renewal of the rural workforce. Promoting decent work is essential to reach sustainable development. According to the ILO definition, decent work involves a wide range of conditions linked between them that include and go beyond farming work (e.g. gender equity, workplace security, fair income, among others). This complex situation requires for scientists the analysis of the diverse topics, as well as the development of interdisciplinary approaches to deal with this diversity. A review of the scientific literature is necessary to summarize the knowledge that has been produced and identify the current trends related to work in agriculture. In order to provide a background in this topic, the aim of this study was to review the state of the international literature related to work in agriculture, through a bibliometric analysis of scientific articles indexed in Scopus bibliographical database. Our findings show that USA, UK, France and China are the leaders in the scientific landscape according to: geographical production of knowledge, main journals and authors, and most-cited articles. The analysis of work in agriculture is declined in five main research domains: 1) social issues in rural areas; 2) labor market; 3) household strategies of labor allocation, 4) work organization in livestock farms; and 5) occupational health in farms. These research domains are investigated by four main scientific communities that prevail in the international literature: 1) agricultural economics; 2) ergonomics; 3) social issues for rural development; and 5) livestock farming systems. Besides those mainstream research, three major research trends emerged: 1) migration and precarious employment condition; 2) work issues in advisory services; and 3) labor governance in global value chains. These trends reflect ongoing transformations in agriculture that are important to think about the future of the work in this sector and its impacts on sustainable development. We show for the first time the characteristics of the main scientific communities that have performed the most relevant research indexed in Scopus database related to work in agriculture over the past 10 years. This review offers an overview in an interdisciplinary topic, and provides a benchmark for future cutting-edge research. The ILO definition of decent work can be a guideline for focus and deepen specific topics, since our findings indicate that several of them are linked to work-related issues in agriculture, which could support sustainable development on this sector.
17.
Aviso, K. B.; Sy, C. L.; Tan, R. R.; Ubando, Aristotle T.
Fuzzy optimization of carbon management networks based on direct and indirect biomass co-firing Journal Article
In: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 132, pp. 110035, 2020, ISSN: 1364-0321.
@article{Aviso2020,
title = {Fuzzy optimization of carbon management networks based on direct and indirect biomass co-firing},
author = {K.B. Aviso and C.L. Sy and R.R. Tan and Aristotle T. Ubando},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032120303269},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110035},
issn = {1364-0321},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-10-01},
urldate = {2020-10-01},
journal = {Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews},
volume = {132},
pages = {110035},
abstract = {A drastic reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from electricity generation will be needed to mitigate climate change to a safe level. Residual biomass from agriculture is an underutilized energy source that can contribute to the needed emissions cut, but its geographic dispersion presents logistical problems. Direct and indirect co-firing of biomass in existing power plants presents a flexible means of utilizing this resource. Indirect co-firing of biomass with biochar co-production can even give greater reduction in greenhouse gas emissions if the biochar is applied to soil as a form of carbon sequestration. In this paper, a fuzzy linear programming model is developed for optimizing a carbon management network based on direct and indirect biomass co-firing, coupled with biochar application to soil for the latter case. The model can match biomass sources to power plants; the power plants that use indirect co-firing are also matched to biochar application sites. The model is illustrated using a case study representative of a developing country with an agriculture-intensive economy. Results show that not all powerplants need to implement co-firing to reach a balance between reducing GHG emissions and the risk of introducing contaminants in soil. The model provides effective decision support for decarbonizing power generation, particularly in developing countries that still make use of coal-fired power plants and which have abundant biomass resources in the form of agricultural waste.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
A drastic reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from electricity generation will be needed to mitigate climate change to a safe level. Residual biomass from agriculture is an underutilized energy source that can contribute to the needed emissions cut, but its geographic dispersion presents logistical problems. Direct and indirect co-firing of biomass in existing power plants presents a flexible means of utilizing this resource. Indirect co-firing of biomass with biochar co-production can even give greater reduction in greenhouse gas emissions if the biochar is applied to soil as a form of carbon sequestration. In this paper, a fuzzy linear programming model is developed for optimizing a carbon management network based on direct and indirect biomass co-firing, coupled with biochar application to soil for the latter case. The model can match biomass sources to power plants; the power plants that use indirect co-firing are also matched to biochar application sites. The model is illustrated using a case study representative of a developing country with an agriculture-intensive economy. Results show that not all powerplants need to implement co-firing to reach a balance between reducing GHG emissions and the risk of introducing contaminants in soil. The model provides effective decision support for decarbonizing power generation, particularly in developing countries that still make use of coal-fired power plants and which have abundant biomass resources in the form of agricultural waste.
18.
Cardon, Vincent
Bounded Futures: Growing a Boundary Foreknowledge Infrastructure in Food Security Research Journal Article
In: Science, Technology and Society, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 38-66, 2020.
@article{Cardon2020,
title = {Bounded Futures: Growing a Boundary Foreknowledge Infrastructure in Food Security Research},
author = {Vincent Cardon},
doi = {10.1177/0971721819889918},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-03-03},
urldate = {2020-03-03},
journal = {Science, Technology and Society},
volume = {25},
number = {1},
pages = {38-66},
abstract = {One preferred way of coping with the openness or indeterminacy of future is to elaborate ‘fictional expectations’ that enable action by defining possible outcomes. In this article, I propose to focus on the career of the impact foresight model to analyse how agro-economists combine imaginaries, narratives, data and calculative technologies addressing the long-term future of agriculture. Impact is a partial equilibrium model, which has become increasingly comprehensive. Its modular structure now enables it to interweave scenarios produced by other legitimate institutions, and to run simulations for a number of configurations of climate change and socio-economic evolutions.In this article, foresight models are taken to be material discursive devices. My argument is that their evolutions as technologies and the framing of the future they operate should not be analysed separately. Transforming radical uncertainty into controlled variability – magnitude of change, they explicitly endeavour to ‘bound’ uncertainty. But it is ‘bounded’ in a way that is highly dependent on the knowledge infrastructure upon which the models rely. Quantified modelling also makes it possible for economists to compare rival models and create alignments or negotiate zones of consensus, that is, a certain form of knowledge on the future. In the case under scrutiny, technological choices and data processing work contribute to reinforce a certain point of view – market, production and technology-oriented – on food security. Studying infrastructure and model design therefore allows a better understanding of path dependency and cognitive lock-in effects regarding the way the future is envisaged and narrated.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
One preferred way of coping with the openness or indeterminacy of future is to elaborate ‘fictional expectations’ that enable action by defining possible outcomes. In this article, I propose to focus on the career of the impact foresight model to analyse how agro-economists combine imaginaries, narratives, data and calculative technologies addressing the long-term future of agriculture. Impact is a partial equilibrium model, which has become increasingly comprehensive. Its modular structure now enables it to interweave scenarios produced by other legitimate institutions, and to run simulations for a number of configurations of climate change and socio-economic evolutions.In this article, foresight models are taken to be material discursive devices. My argument is that their evolutions as technologies and the framing of the future they operate should not be analysed separately. Transforming radical uncertainty into controlled variability – magnitude of change, they explicitly endeavour to ‘bound’ uncertainty. But it is ‘bounded’ in a way that is highly dependent on the knowledge infrastructure upon which the models rely. Quantified modelling also makes it possible for economists to compare rival models and create alignments or negotiate zones of consensus, that is, a certain form of knowledge on the future. In the case under scrutiny, technological choices and data processing work contribute to reinforce a certain point of view – market, production and technology-oriented – on food security. Studying infrastructure and model design therefore allows a better understanding of path dependency and cognitive lock-in effects regarding the way the future is envisaged and narrated.
Proceedings Articles
19.
Malanski, Priscila Duarte; Dedieu, Benoît; de Souza, Mariana Augusta; de Alencar Schiavi, Sandra Mara
Labor studies in agricultural value chains: a scientometric analysis from scopus Proceedings Article
In: SOBER 2020, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, 2020.
@inproceedings{Malanski2020,
title = {Labor studies in agricultural value chains: a scientometric analysis from scopus},
author = {Priscila Duarte Malanski and Benoît Dedieu and Mariana Augusta de Souza and Sandra Mara de Alencar Schiavi
},
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343345088},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-10-01},
urldate = {2020-10-01},
booktitle = {SOBER 2020},
address = {Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil},
abstract = {Agricultural value chains are important to create rural employment. According to FAO, employment opportunities, increasing wages and high-job quality are crucial labor-related conditions to value chains sustainability. However, there is a gap in the literature gathering the specific contribution of value chains approaches to discussions on labor in agriculture. Our aim was to review the state of the international literature on labor in agricultural value chains. A scientometric analysis of the articles indexed in Scopus were performed. The main results were: 1) labor in agricultural value chains is a relative new scientific community lead by research developed by UK, USA, Germany and Kenya; 2) the reference authors, journals, institutions and articles were characterized; 3) the hotspots changed over the past 20 years; 4) researches are structured in six main research domains. Our scientometric review provides an overview about the main characteristics of a new rising scientific community focused in labor in agricultural value chain, as well as a synthesis of knowledge produced to support scientific innovation in this field. Regarding agriculture value chains agents, our results advance the importance of governance to improve employment relations and working conditions in farms in order to promote chain sustainability.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Agricultural value chains are important to create rural employment. According to FAO, employment opportunities, increasing wages and high-job quality are crucial labor-related conditions to value chains sustainability. However, there is a gap in the literature gathering the specific contribution of value chains approaches to discussions on labor in agriculture. Our aim was to review the state of the international literature on labor in agricultural value chains. A scientometric analysis of the articles indexed in Scopus were performed. The main results were: 1) labor in agricultural value chains is a relative new scientific community lead by research developed by UK, USA, Germany and Kenya; 2) the reference authors, journals, institutions and articles were characterized; 3) the hotspots changed over the past 20 years; 4) researches are structured in six main research domains. Our scientometric review provides an overview about the main characteristics of a new rising scientific community focused in labor in agricultural value chain, as well as a synthesis of knowledge produced to support scientific innovation in this field. Regarding agriculture value chains agents, our results advance the importance of governance to improve employment relations and working conditions in farms in order to promote chain sustainability.
Technical Reports
20.
Pellerin, Sylvain; Bamière, Laure; Launay, Camille; Martin, Raphaël; Schiavo, Michele; Angers, Denis; Augusto, Laurent; Balesdent, Jérôme; Basile-Doelsch, Isabelle; Bellassen, Valentin; Cardinael, Rémi; Cécillon, Lauric; Ceschia, Eric; Chenu, Claire; Constantin, Julie; Darroussin, Joël; Delacote, Philippe; Delame, Nathalie; Gastal, François; Gilbert, Daniel; Graux, Anne-Isabelle; Guenet, Bertrand; Houot, Sabine; Klumpp, Katja; Letort, Elodie; Litrico, Isabelle; Martin, Manuel; Menasseri, Safya; Mézière, Delphine; Morvan, Thierry; Mosnier, Claire; Roger-Estrade, Jean; Saint-André, Laurent; Sierra, Jorge; Thérond, Olivier; Viaud, Valérie; Grateau, Régis; Perchec, Sophie Le; Réchauchère, Olivier
Stocker du carbone dans les sols français : Quel potentiel au regard de l’objectif 4 pour 1000 et à quel coût ? Technical Report
INRAE 2020.
@techreport{Pellerin2020,
title = {Stocker du carbone dans les sols français : Quel potentiel au regard de l’objectif 4 pour 1000 et à quel coût ?},
author = {Sylvain Pellerin and Laure Bamière and Camille Launay and Raphaël Martin and Michele Schiavo and Denis Angers and Laurent Augusto and Jérôme Balesdent and Isabelle Basile-Doelsch and Valentin Bellassen and Rémi Cardinael and Lauric Cécillon and Eric Ceschia and Claire Chenu and Julie Constantin and Joël Darroussin and Philippe Delacote and Nathalie Delame and François Gastal and Daniel Gilbert and Anne-Isabelle Graux and Bertrand Guenet and Sabine Houot and Katja Klumpp and Elodie Letort and Isabelle Litrico and Manuel Martin and Safya Menasseri and Delphine Mézière and Thierry Morvan and Claire Mosnier and Jean Roger-Estrade and Laurent Saint-André and Jorge Sierra and Olivier Thérond and Valérie Viaud and Régis Grateau and Sophie Le Perchec and Olivier Réchauchère},
url = {https://agritrop.cirad.fr/597691/1/Pellerin2020%20Stocker%20du%20carbone%20dans%20les%20sols%20fran%C3%A7ais.pdf},
doi = {10.35690/978-2-7592-3149-2},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-12-30},
urldate = {2020-12-30},
institution = {INRAE},
abstract = {L’étude «4 pour mille France» dont les résultats sont présentés dans ce rapport a été conduite par l’INRA, à la demande de l’Agence de l'environnement et de la maîtrise de l'énergie (ADEME) et du Ministère chargé de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation (MAA). Les objectifs étaient (i)d’identifier des pratiques agricoles et sylvicoles plus «stockantes » que les pratiques actuellement mises en œuvre, (ii)de chiffrer le potentiel de stockage additionnel associé, de le cartographier, de quantifier les autres effets induits liés à l’adoption de ces pratiques stockantes (pertes ou gains de rendement, émissions de N2O, lessivage de nitrate, utilisation de produits phytosanitaires...), (iii)de chiffrer leur coût de mise en œuvre, d’identifier les freins à l’adoption et de proposer une stratégie coût-efficace de stockage.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
L’étude «4 pour mille France» dont les résultats sont présentés dans ce rapport a été conduite par l’INRA, à la demande de l’Agence de l'environnement et de la maîtrise de l'énergie (ADEME) et du Ministère chargé de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation (MAA). Les objectifs étaient (i)d’identifier des pratiques agricoles et sylvicoles plus «stockantes » que les pratiques actuellement mises en œuvre, (ii)de chiffrer le potentiel de stockage additionnel associé, de le cartographier, de quantifier les autres effets induits liés à l’adoption de ces pratiques stockantes (pertes ou gains de rendement, émissions de N2O, lessivage de nitrate, utilisation de produits phytosanitaires...), (iii)de chiffrer leur coût de mise en œuvre, d’identifier les freins à l’adoption et de proposer une stratégie coût-efficace de stockage.
21.
Andrieu, Nadine; Kebede, Yodit
Agroecology and Climate Change: A case study of the CCAFS Research Program Technical Report
2020, (CCAFS Working Paper no. 313. Wageningen, the Netherlands: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)).
@techreport{Andrieu2020,
title = {Agroecology and Climate Change: A case study of the CCAFS Research Program},
author = {Nadine Andrieu and Yodit Kebede},
url = {https://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/10568/108779},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-07-15},
abstract = {Climate change is challenging the sustainability of agricultural systems. Some authors argue that only an agroecological transformation of agricultural systems is the appropriate response to climate change issues. CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), aims to catalyze positive change towards climate-smart agriculture (CSA), food systems and landscapes to meet the triple goals of food security, adaptation and mitigation. In this paper, we present agroecological principles as defined by various authors or institutions and question how they address climate change issues. Using FAO 10 elements of Agroecology as framework we investigate to what extent CCAFS is aligned with agroecological principles. To answer these questions, we used a combination of bibliographic study, interviews of CCAFS Flagship leaders and text mining method. Our main conclusion is that although agroecology was not a key concept in the design of CCAFS activities, on the ground many promoted practices where agroecological practices and several of the 10 FAO elements of agroecology were addressed but with a different perspective than the one promoted by the proponents of agroecology. To further improve or re-direct CCAFS activities with agroecological principles we recommended five main areas of intervention: to better include agroecological principles in the implementation of NDCs, to strengthen system thinking for food system transformation, to strengthen landscape-level activities, to develop projects on circular and solidarity economy, and to use CIS to support the implementation of agroecological practices.},
note = {CCAFS Working Paper no. 313. Wageningen, the Netherlands: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
Climate change is challenging the sustainability of agricultural systems. Some authors argue that only an agroecological transformation of agricultural systems is the appropriate response to climate change issues. CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), aims to catalyze positive change towards climate-smart agriculture (CSA), food systems and landscapes to meet the triple goals of food security, adaptation and mitigation. In this paper, we present agroecological principles as defined by various authors or institutions and question how they address climate change issues. Using FAO 10 elements of Agroecology as framework we investigate to what extent CCAFS is aligned with agroecological principles. To answer these questions, we used a combination of bibliographic study, interviews of CCAFS Flagship leaders and text mining method. Our main conclusion is that although agroecology was not a key concept in the design of CCAFS activities, on the ground many promoted practices where agroecological practices and several of the 10 FAO elements of agroecology were addressed but with a different perspective than the one promoted by the proponents of agroecology. To further improve or re-direct CCAFS activities with agroecological principles we recommended five main areas of intervention: to better include agroecological principles in the implementation of NDCs, to strengthen system thinking for food system transformation, to strengthen landscape-level activities, to develop projects on circular and solidarity economy, and to use CIS to support the implementation of agroecological practices.
2019
Journal Articles
22.
Malanski, Priscila Duarte; de Alencar Schiavi, Sandra Mara; Dedieu, Benoît
Characteristics of “work in agriculture” scientific communities. A bibliometric review Journal Article
In: Agronomy for Sustainable Development, vol. 39, no. 36, 2019.
@article{Malanski2019b,
title = {Characteristics of “work in agriculture” scientific communities. A bibliometric review},
author = {Priscila Duarte Malanski and Sandra Mara de Alencar Schiavi and Benoît Dedieu },
url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13593-019-0582-2},
doi = {10.1007/s13593-019-0582-2},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-19},
urldate = {2019-06-19},
journal = {Agronomy for Sustainable Development},
volume = {39},
number = {36},
abstract = {Work is a central concern for sustainable farming systems and rural communities, especially regarding specific issues of the agricultural sector, as the strong decrease in rural employment and the less attractive working conditions. Many articles covering diverse related topics have been published. However, the few studies analyzing the state of worldwide scientific research on work in agriculture give only a fragmented view, since they focus on specialized topics and disciplines. To fill this knowledge gap, the aim of this study was to review the state of research on work in agriculture addressed by the scientific literature, through a bibliometric analysis by country, institution, journal, author, and keywords. Our main finds are that (1) work in agriculture issues is divided into six main research domains: occupational health and safety, labor market and rural employment, labor and farm sustainability, work organization, agricultural policy and agrarian changes, and labor and family farms; (2) these research domains are analyzed by five scientific communities: ergonomics, agricultural economics, livestock farming systems, rural sociology, and agricultural policy; (3) the reference authors, most-cited articles, and main journals were identified for each scientific community; (4) USA, France, and China arise as leaders in the scientific landscape. We show for the first time the characteristics of the main scientific communities worldwide that have performed the most relevant research related to work in agriculture over the past 10 years. This review provides a benchmark for future research on agricultural work-related topics and encourages collaborations between researchers from different scientific communities for interdisciplinary innovation, which support sustainable working conditions in agriculture.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Work is a central concern for sustainable farming systems and rural communities, especially regarding specific issues of the agricultural sector, as the strong decrease in rural employment and the less attractive working conditions. Many articles covering diverse related topics have been published. However, the few studies analyzing the state of worldwide scientific research on work in agriculture give only a fragmented view, since they focus on specialized topics and disciplines. To fill this knowledge gap, the aim of this study was to review the state of research on work in agriculture addressed by the scientific literature, through a bibliometric analysis by country, institution, journal, author, and keywords. Our main finds are that (1) work in agriculture issues is divided into six main research domains: occupational health and safety, labor market and rural employment, labor and farm sustainability, work organization, agricultural policy and agrarian changes, and labor and family farms; (2) these research domains are analyzed by five scientific communities: ergonomics, agricultural economics, livestock farming systems, rural sociology, and agricultural policy; (3) the reference authors, most-cited articles, and main journals were identified for each scientific community; (4) USA, France, and China arise as leaders in the scientific landscape. We show for the first time the characteristics of the main scientific communities worldwide that have performed the most relevant research related to work in agriculture over the past 10 years. This review provides a benchmark for future research on agricultural work-related topics and encourages collaborations between researchers from different scientific communities for interdisciplinary innovation, which support sustainable working conditions in agriculture.
23.
Loconto, Allison; Desquilbet, Marion; Moreau, Théo; Couvet, Denis; Dorin, Bruno
The land sparing – land sharing controversy: Tracing the politics of knowledge Journal Article
In: Land Use Policy, vol. 96, 2019.
@article{Loconto2018,
title = {The land sparing – land sharing controversy: Tracing the politics of knowledge},
author = {Allison Loconto and Marion Desquilbet and Théo Moreau and Denis Couvet and Bruno Dorin},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.09.014},
doi = {10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.09.014},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
urldate = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Land Use Policy},
volume = {96},
abstract = {Feeding 9 billion people by 2050 on one hand, and preserving biodiversity on the other hand, are two shared policy goals at the global level. Yet while these goals are clear, they are to some extent in conflict, because agriculture is a major cause of biodiversity loss, and the path to achieve both of them is at the heart of a public controversy around ‘productive’ land use and biodiversity conservation. Over the years, the scientific, policy, civil society and agri-business communities have been engaged in producing evidence that can support a land sparing policy (separating intensive agricultural production from biodiversity conservation) or a land sharing policy (integrating the two in larger and more extensive landscapes). This paper contributes to this debate by analyzing land sparing and land sharing (LSS) as a socio-technical controversy. Through the analysis of large and small corpora of scientific, policy, corporate social responsibility and sustainability standards documents we explore the ethical underpinnings and social networks that support the opposing sides of this controversy. We explore these linkages in order to explain how the concept of land sparing achieved dominance in the scientific literature and how the concept has been taken up in international policy, business and civil society circles. We examine the convergences and divergences in alliances between actors in this controversy in order to map how specific actors have promoted the concept of land sparing as the best way to used land for biodiversity and food production.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Feeding 9 billion people by 2050 on one hand, and preserving biodiversity on the other hand, are two shared policy goals at the global level. Yet while these goals are clear, they are to some extent in conflict, because agriculture is a major cause of biodiversity loss, and the path to achieve both of them is at the heart of a public controversy around ‘productive’ land use and biodiversity conservation. Over the years, the scientific, policy, civil society and agri-business communities have been engaged in producing evidence that can support a land sparing policy (separating intensive agricultural production from biodiversity conservation) or a land sharing policy (integrating the two in larger and more extensive landscapes). This paper contributes to this debate by analyzing land sparing and land sharing (LSS) as a socio-technical controversy. Through the analysis of large and small corpora of scientific, policy, corporate social responsibility and sustainability standards documents we explore the ethical underpinnings and social networks that support the opposing sides of this controversy. We explore these linkages in order to explain how the concept of land sparing achieved dominance in the scientific literature and how the concept has been taken up in international policy, business and civil society circles. We examine the convergences and divergences in alliances between actors in this controversy in order to map how specific actors have promoted the concept of land sparing as the best way to used land for biodiversity and food production.
Conferences
24.
Rizzo, Davide; Marraccini, Elisa; Benoît, Marc; Thenail, Claudine; Lardon, Sylvie
Landscape agronomy: bibliometric insights on key issues and background topics of a conceptual framework Conference
10th IALE World Congress Milan, Italy, 2019.
@conference{Rizzo2019,
title = {Landscape agronomy: bibliometric insights on key issues and background topics of a conceptual framework},
author = {Davide Rizzo and Elisa Marraccini and Marc Benoît and Claudine Thenail and Sylvie Lardon},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-03609817/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334285870_Landscape_agronomy_bibliometric_insights_on_key_issues_and_background_topics_of_a_conceptual_framework},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-07-04},
urldate = {2019-07-04},
address = {Milan, Italy},
organization = {10th IALE World Congress },
abstract = {Landscapes are formed by the interactions between natural resources and heterogeneous land managers that expect/pursue an increasing variety of ecosystem services. Landscape ecology undoubtedly indicated the landscape as the best level to assess existing services and to support expected improvements. Where agriculture drives local dynamics, a contextual cross-scale analysis of farming activities and actors is needed to understand how and why landscapes are produced, eventually, redesigned. Inspired by landscape ecology, the landscape agronomy framework was proposed to extend the study of patterns and processes to agriculture, calling to focus on the spatially explicit characterization of farmers' decision-making. In summary, the landscape agronomy conceptual framework helps to describe and analyze the patterns determined by the interactions between agricultural practices and local resources (Benoit, Rizzo et al. 2012, Lands Ecol). This communication aims at providing insights into the key concepts underpinning the conceptual framework, such as the "cropping system" defined by agronomists, and the "force fields" applied in geography. A few years after the launch of this conceptual framework, we address the question: "who cares about landscape and agriculture?". To this aim, we will present the result of a bibliometric analysis using the CorText platform to explore research keywords, (inter)disciplinary bridges and emerging issues related to landscape agronomy. In the discussion, we will address some relevant applications, such as the challenges for agrifood system management of natural resources or to energy production by farmers (e.g., biofuel, biogas), and the landscape perspective on the deployment of smart farming and agtech. We will conclude on possible improvements to this conceptual framework. Altogether, this communication sets the scene for an upcoming multidisciplinary book about advances and challenges of a territorial approach to agricultural issues. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Landscapes are formed by the interactions between natural resources and heterogeneous land managers that expect/pursue an increasing variety of ecosystem services. Landscape ecology undoubtedly indicated the landscape as the best level to assess existing services and to support expected improvements. Where agriculture drives local dynamics, a contextual cross-scale analysis of farming activities and actors is needed to understand how and why landscapes are produced, eventually, redesigned. Inspired by landscape ecology, the landscape agronomy framework was proposed to extend the study of patterns and processes to agriculture, calling to focus on the spatially explicit characterization of farmers' decision-making. In summary, the landscape agronomy conceptual framework helps to describe and analyze the patterns determined by the interactions between agricultural practices and local resources (Benoit, Rizzo et al. 2012, Lands Ecol). This communication aims at providing insights into the key concepts underpinning the conceptual framework, such as the "cropping system" defined by agronomists, and the "force fields" applied in geography. A few years after the launch of this conceptual framework, we address the question: "who cares about landscape and agriculture?". To this aim, we will present the result of a bibliometric analysis using the CorText platform to explore research keywords, (inter)disciplinary bridges and emerging issues related to landscape agronomy. In the discussion, we will address some relevant applications, such as the challenges for agrifood system management of natural resources or to energy production by farmers (e.g., biofuel, biogas), and the landscape perspective on the deployment of smart farming and agtech. We will conclude on possible improvements to this conceptual framework. Altogether, this communication sets the scene for an upcoming multidisciplinary book about advances and challenges of a territorial approach to agricultural issues.
2018
Journal Articles
25.
Nicot, Rose; Bellon, Stéphane; Loconto, Allison; Ollivier, Guillaume
The European networks of research, education and training stakeholders in agroecology Journal Article
In: Open Agriculture, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 537–552, 2018.
@article{Nicot2018,
title = {The European networks of research, education and training stakeholders in agroecology},
author = {Rose Nicot and Stéphane Bellon and Allison Loconto and Guillaume Ollivier},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2018-0058},
doi = {10.1515/opag-2018-0058},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-12-05},
urldate = {2018-12-05},
journal = {Open Agriculture},
volume = {3},
number = {1},
pages = {537–552},
abstract = {In Europe, agroecology has become the center of many debates that animate political and professional arenas, particularly regarding the definition and scope of the concept itself. This paper attempts to understand the ways that the term agroecology is conceptualized by different participantsparticipants and how these concepts circulate so as to explore the interests at stake in the institutionalization of agroecology within the research and education institutions of Europe. We address the core research question of: what dynamics emerge in the networks of European stakeholders of agroecology? By combining different approaches of institutionalization based on network and discourse analysis, we study the dynamics of research, education and training organizations. We identify 10 different concepts of agroecology, distributed among 103 organizations. The significant difference that has been observed between the agroecological concepts in research and those in education/training emphasizes the gap between these two disciplines. The latter support a more political, transdisciplinary and holistic view of agroecology when compared to the former. Moreover, collaboration among European agroecology stakeholders is limited in both research and education/training. We also found that in most cases, collaboration between scholars does not guarantee a shared notion of agroecology, and conversely, sharing the same notion of agroecology does not assure collaboration. This led us to question the feasibility of institutionalizing agroecology and the missing link between a shared vision and the collective mobilization of stakeholders around a strong agroecology programme.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In Europe, agroecology has become the center of many debates that animate political and professional arenas, particularly regarding the definition and scope of the concept itself. This paper attempts to understand the ways that the term agroecology is conceptualized by different participantsparticipants and how these concepts circulate so as to explore the interests at stake in the institutionalization of agroecology within the research and education institutions of Europe. We address the core research question of: what dynamics emerge in the networks of European stakeholders of agroecology? By combining different approaches of institutionalization based on network and discourse analysis, we study the dynamics of research, education and training organizations. We identify 10 different concepts of agroecology, distributed among 103 organizations. The significant difference that has been observed between the agroecological concepts in research and those in education/training emphasizes the gap between these two disciplines. The latter support a more political, transdisciplinary and holistic view of agroecology when compared to the former. Moreover, collaboration among European agroecology stakeholders is limited in both research and education/training. We also found that in most cases, collaboration between scholars does not guarantee a shared notion of agroecology, and conversely, sharing the same notion of agroecology does not assure collaboration. This led us to question the feasibility of institutionalizing agroecology and the missing link between a shared vision and the collective mobilization of stakeholders around a strong agroecology programme.
26.
Réchauchère, Olivier; Akkari, Monia El; Perchec, Sophie Le; Makowski, David; Gabrielle, Benoît; Bispo, Antonio
An Innovative Methodological Framework for Analyzing Existing Scientific Research on Land-Use Change and Associated Environmental Impacts Journal Article
In: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol. 30, pp. 1-13, 2018.
@article{Réchauchère2018,
title = {An Innovative Methodological Framework for Analyzing Existing Scientific Research on Land-Use Change and Associated Environmental Impacts},
author = {Olivier Réchauchère and Monia El Akkari and Sophie Le Perchec and David Makowski and Benoît Gabrielle and Antonio Bispo},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4_1},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4_1},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-12-04},
urldate = {2018-12-04},
journal = {Sustainable Agriculture Reviews},
volume = { 30},
pages = {1-13},
abstract = {This article describes an original approach to surveying and analyzing the existing body of scientific research on (1) the effects of various forms of reorganization in agriculture, forestry, and spatial planning on land-use change (LUC) and (2) the impacts of that LUC on the environment. Our approach consisted of four principal steps: (i) identification of references using a bibliographic search process; (ii) description of the references’ key features (publication date, journal of publication, etc.); (iii) textual analysis of the articles and identification of thematic sub-groups; (iv) systematic examination of a subset of the corpus using an reading grid followed by an analysis of the results. Our findings show that the majority of publications relating to the environmental impacts of LUC were published after 2000, and amount to a corpus of more than 5700 articles. The scientific journals involved are diverse in nature, with some being general in focus and others more specialized and technical. A lexical analysis performed using the digital platform CorTexT, developed by IFRIS (Institute for Research and Innovation in Society, a research consortium based in the Paris region. http://ifris.org/), enabled us to identify several themes within this corpus, in terms of both the types of reorganizations considered and the types of impacts examined. A more detailed analysis was conducted on a subset of articles dealing with the production of non-food biomass. The results show that, within this sub-group, the environmental impacts most often studied are those relating to climate, soil, and water. Our approach demonstrates the utility of textual analysis as a partially automated method for identifying, in broad outline, the topics addressed within a large-scale corpus. As with a search by keywords, however, this type of textual analysis cannot guarantee that all the articles classed within a category genuinely address the corresponding topic. Among those articles assigned by CorTexT to the sub-group on non-food biomass (1785 articles), the majority proved not relevant to our chosen topic, and only 241 articles were ultimately selected. This selection phase could not be fully automated and required a close reading of titles, abstracts, and often main texts by human experts. The use of precise criteria for selection and a formal reading grid are helpful in limiting the risk of bias and ensuring a level of transparence in the analytical process. Implementation of such an approach is time-consumptive, however, and requires considerable human effort.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article describes an original approach to surveying and analyzing the existing body of scientific research on (1) the effects of various forms of reorganization in agriculture, forestry, and spatial planning on land-use change (LUC) and (2) the impacts of that LUC on the environment. Our approach consisted of four principal steps: (i) identification of references using a bibliographic search process; (ii) description of the references’ key features (publication date, journal of publication, etc.); (iii) textual analysis of the articles and identification of thematic sub-groups; (iv) systematic examination of a subset of the corpus using an reading grid followed by an analysis of the results. Our findings show that the majority of publications relating to the environmental impacts of LUC were published after 2000, and amount to a corpus of more than 5700 articles. The scientific journals involved are diverse in nature, with some being general in focus and others more specialized and technical. A lexical analysis performed using the digital platform CorTexT, developed by IFRIS (Institute for Research and Innovation in Society, a research consortium based in the Paris region. http://ifris.org/), enabled us to identify several themes within this corpus, in terms of both the types of reorganizations considered and the types of impacts examined. A more detailed analysis was conducted on a subset of articles dealing with the production of non-food biomass. The results show that, within this sub-group, the environmental impacts most often studied are those relating to climate, soil, and water. Our approach demonstrates the utility of textual analysis as a partially automated method for identifying, in broad outline, the topics addressed within a large-scale corpus. As with a search by keywords, however, this type of textual analysis cannot guarantee that all the articles classed within a category genuinely address the corresponding topic. Among those articles assigned by CorTexT to the sub-group on non-food biomass (1785 articles), the majority proved not relevant to our chosen topic, and only 241 articles were ultimately selected. This selection phase could not be fully automated and required a close reading of titles, abstracts, and often main texts by human experts. The use of precise criteria for selection and a formal reading grid are helpful in limiting the risk of bias and ensuring a level of transparence in the analytical process. Implementation of such an approach is time-consumptive, however, and requires considerable human effort.
27.
Wezel, Alexander; Goette, Julia; Lagneaux, Elisabeth; Passuello, Gloria; Reisman, Erica; Rodier, Christophe; Turpin, Grégoire
Agroecology in Europe: Research, Education, Collective Action Networks, and Alternative Food Systems Journal Article
In: Sustainability, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 1214, 2018.
@article{Wezel2018b,
title = {Agroecology in Europe: Research, Education, Collective Action Networks, and Alternative Food Systems},
author = {Alexander Wezel and Julia Goette and Elisabeth Lagneaux and Gloria Passuello and Erica Reisman and Christophe Rodier and Grégoire Turpin},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/su10041214},
doi = {10.3390/su10041214},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-04-17},
urldate = {2018-04-17},
journal = {Sustainability},
volume = {10},
number = {4},
pages = {1214},
abstract = {Agroecology is considered with different focus and weight in different parts of the world as a social and political movement, as science, and as practice. Despite its multitude of definitions, agroecology has begun in Europe to develop in different regional, national and continental networks of researchers, practitioners, advocates and movements. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive overview about these different developments and networks. Therefore, this paper attempts to document and provide a mapping of the development of European agroecology in its diverse forms. Through a literature review, interviews, active conference participation, and an extensive internet search we have collected information about the current state and development of agroecology in Europe. Agroecological research and higher education exist more in western and northern Europe, but farm schools and farmer-to-farmer training are also present in other regions. Today a large variety of topics are studied at research institutions. There is an increasing number of bottom-up agroecological initiatives and national or continental networks and movements. Important movements are around food sovereignty, access to land and seeds. Except for France, there are very few concrete policies for agroecology in Europe. Agroecology is increasingly linked to different fields of agri-food systems. This includes Community Supported Agriculture systems, but also agroecological territories, and some examples of labelling products. To amplify agroecology in Europe in the coming years, policy development will be crucial and proponents of agroecology must join forces and work hand-in-hand with the many stakeholders engaged in initiatives to develop more sustainable agriculture and food systems. View Full-Text},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Agroecology is considered with different focus and weight in different parts of the world as a social and political movement, as science, and as practice. Despite its multitude of definitions, agroecology has begun in Europe to develop in different regional, national and continental networks of researchers, practitioners, advocates and movements. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive overview about these different developments and networks. Therefore, this paper attempts to document and provide a mapping of the development of European agroecology in its diverse forms. Through a literature review, interviews, active conference participation, and an extensive internet search we have collected information about the current state and development of agroecology in Europe. Agroecological research and higher education exist more in western and northern Europe, but farm schools and farmer-to-farmer training are also present in other regions. Today a large variety of topics are studied at research institutions. There is an increasing number of bottom-up agroecological initiatives and national or continental networks and movements. Important movements are around food sovereignty, access to land and seeds. Except for France, there are very few concrete policies for agroecology in Europe. Agroecology is increasingly linked to different fields of agri-food systems. This includes Community Supported Agriculture systems, but also agroecological territories, and some examples of labelling products. To amplify agroecology in Europe in the coming years, policy development will be crucial and proponents of agroecology must join forces and work hand-in-hand with the many stakeholders engaged in initiatives to develop more sustainable agriculture and food systems. View Full-Text
28.
Akkari, Monia El; Sandoval, Mélanie; Perchec, Sophie Le; Réchauchère, Olivier
Textual Analysis of Published Research Articles on the Environmental Impacts of Land-Use Change Journal Article
In: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol. 30, pp. 15-38, 2018.
@article{Akkari2018,
title = {Textual Analysis of Published Research Articles on the Environmental Impacts of Land-Use Change},
author = {Monia El Akkari and Mélanie Sandoval and Sophie Le Perchec and Olivier Réchauchère},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4_2},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4_2},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
journal = { Sustainable Agriculture Reviews},
volume = {30},
pages = {15-38},
abstract = {Regardless of the scale considered, land use is determined by a variety of factors relating to both local soil and climatic conditions and socioeconomic considerations (population growth, food and energy requirements, public policies, etc.). Changes in land use resulting from shifts in these factors over time will have environmental consequences. We conducted a review of the scientific literature to identify the degree to which environmental assessments take direct and indirect land-use change into account. A textual analysis was completed on a collection of 5730 scientific articles, published between 1975 and 2015 and listed in the WoS™ database, addressing the relationship between reorganizations of agricultural and forestry systems, or spatial planning, direct and indirect land-use change resulting from these reorganizations; and environmental impacts. By identifying the most frequently used words or groups of words within this corpus (focusing on the title, abstract, and keywords fields), the textual analysis platform CorTexT Manager (Platform developed by IFRIS (the Institute for Research and Innovation in Society, based in the Paris region) assembles diagrams, or “maps,” of occurrence and co-occurrence for these terms, which can then be used to identify the principal themes addressed in the corpus based on clusters of proximate keywords. Eight clusters were so identified: two focused on climate change and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems (thus corresponding both to an aspect of the biophysical context and an environmental impact linked to a reorganization); one associated a reorganization (biofuel production) with a dominant environmental impact (the effects of greenhouse gas emissions); three were centered on keywords related to other types of reorganizations (urbanization, grassland management, forestry management); and two focused on environmental impacts on biodiversity and water resources. The five “thematic identifiers” showing the highest number of occurrences were greenhouse gas emission, land-use policy, biofuel, farm system, and pasture land, suggesting that the theme “GHG impacts of biofuel production” is the most prevalent. A more detailed textual analysis of articles in the cluster relating to non-food biomass production (1785 articles) was also conducted, and confirmed the growing importance, notably since 2005–2006, of research linking the bioenergy production, land-use change, and climate impacts from greenhouse gas emissions. Reorganizations toward non-food biomass production also help explain the presence of degraded lands among the most frequently occurring terms in the corpus. Life-cycle analysis is the most important assessment methodology used to evaluate the environmental impacts of bioenergy production.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Regardless of the scale considered, land use is determined by a variety of factors relating to both local soil and climatic conditions and socioeconomic considerations (population growth, food and energy requirements, public policies, etc.). Changes in land use resulting from shifts in these factors over time will have environmental consequences. We conducted a review of the scientific literature to identify the degree to which environmental assessments take direct and indirect land-use change into account. A textual analysis was completed on a collection of 5730 scientific articles, published between 1975 and 2015 and listed in the WoS™ database, addressing the relationship between reorganizations of agricultural and forestry systems, or spatial planning, direct and indirect land-use change resulting from these reorganizations; and environmental impacts. By identifying the most frequently used words or groups of words within this corpus (focusing on the title, abstract, and keywords fields), the textual analysis platform CorTexT Manager (Platform developed by IFRIS (the Institute for Research and Innovation in Society, based in the Paris region) assembles diagrams, or “maps,” of occurrence and co-occurrence for these terms, which can then be used to identify the principal themes addressed in the corpus based on clusters of proximate keywords. Eight clusters were so identified: two focused on climate change and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems (thus corresponding both to an aspect of the biophysical context and an environmental impact linked to a reorganization); one associated a reorganization (biofuel production) with a dominant environmental impact (the effects of greenhouse gas emissions); three were centered on keywords related to other types of reorganizations (urbanization, grassland management, forestry management); and two focused on environmental impacts on biodiversity and water resources. The five “thematic identifiers” showing the highest number of occurrences were greenhouse gas emission, land-use policy, biofuel, farm system, and pasture land, suggesting that the theme “GHG impacts of biofuel production” is the most prevalent. A more detailed textual analysis of articles in the cluster relating to non-food biomass production (1785 articles) was also conducted, and confirmed the growing importance, notably since 2005–2006, of research linking the bioenergy production, land-use change, and climate impacts from greenhouse gas emissions. Reorganizations toward non-food biomass production also help explain the presence of degraded lands among the most frequently occurring terms in the corpus. Life-cycle analysis is the most important assessment methodology used to evaluate the environmental impacts of bioenergy production.
29.
Makowski, David
Mapping the Evidence on the Environmental Impacts of Land-Use Change for Non-food Biomass Production Journal Article
In: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol. 30, pp. 227-236, 2018.
@article{Makowski2018,
title = {Mapping the Evidence on the Environmental Impacts of Land-Use Change for Non-food Biomass Production},
author = {David Makowski},
url = {https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02904528
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4.pdf#page=237},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4_10},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Sustainable Agriculture Reviews},
volume = {30},
pages = {227-236},
abstract = {The environmental impact of land-use change for biomass production is controversial, and it is crucial to provide stakeholders with a reliable description of the existing evidence on this topic. In this paper, we use an emerging research synthesis method called “evidence mapping” to summarize the main characteristics of 241 studies in a graphical user-friendly format. Results showed that most of the reviewed studies were located in Northern and Southern Americas, especially in USA and Brazil. A majority of studies focused on 1G and 2G biofuel, and on electricity production. The impacts on greenhouse gas emission, soil carbon content, soil erosion, water consumption, and water eutrophication were frequently assessed in the selected group of studies. The evidence maps produced in this paper revealed that only few studies were conducted to analyse the environmental impact of Land use change for methane production, for wood production, and for the chemical industry. Only few studies assessed the impact on biodiversity, on air quality, on human health, and on waste induced by land-use changes for biomass production. Our results thus highlight major gaps of knowledge and future research needs on the land-use-mediated implications of the bioeconomy.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The environmental impact of land-use change for biomass production is controversial, and it is crucial to provide stakeholders with a reliable description of the existing evidence on this topic. In this paper, we use an emerging research synthesis method called “evidence mapping” to summarize the main characteristics of 241 studies in a graphical user-friendly format. Results showed that most of the reviewed studies were located in Northern and Southern Americas, especially in USA and Brazil. A majority of studies focused on 1G and 2G biofuel, and on electricity production. The impacts on greenhouse gas emission, soil carbon content, soil erosion, water consumption, and water eutrophication were frequently assessed in the selected group of studies. The evidence maps produced in this paper revealed that only few studies were conducted to analyse the environmental impact of Land use change for methane production, for wood production, and for the chemical industry. Only few studies assessed the impact on biodiversity, on air quality, on human health, and on waste induced by land-use changes for biomass production. Our results thus highlight major gaps of knowledge and future research needs on the land-use-mediated implications of the bioeconomy.
Technical Reports
30.
Rega, Carlo; Paracchini, Maria Luisa; Mccraken, Davy; Saba, Andrea; Zavalloni, Matteo; Raggi, Meri; Viaggi, Davide; Britz, Wolfgang; Frappier, Lise
Review of the definitions of the existing ecological approaches Technical Report
2018.
@techreport{Rega2018,
title = {Review of the definitions of the existing ecological approaches},
author = {Carlo Rega and Maria Luisa Paracchini and Davy Mccraken and Andrea Saba and Matteo Zavalloni and Meri Raggi and Davide Viaggi and Wolfgang Britz and Lise Frappier},
url = {https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02790143},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-10-11},
abstract = {The aim of this present Deliverable 1.1 (D1.1) is to lay the foundation for the development of a framework for farm typologies, which takes into account existing typologies and existing nomenclature (e.g. low-input, organic, extensive, high nature value farming, conservation agriculture, agroecological, etc.) when considering in particular the degree to which farms adopt ecological practices. This early phase of the typology work aims at providing a consolidated framework composed of farming systems and farming practices, and a first screening of which practice is associated with which system. This initial stage will be complemented in further deliverables by indicators and thresholds to link concepts to data and models. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
The aim of this present Deliverable 1.1 (D1.1) is to lay the foundation for the development of a framework for farm typologies, which takes into account existing typologies and existing nomenclature (e.g. low-input, organic, extensive, high nature value farming, conservation agriculture, agroecological, etc.) when considering in particular the degree to which farms adopt ecological practices. This early phase of the typology work aims at providing a consolidated framework composed of farming systems and farming practices, and a first screening of which practice is associated with which system. This initial stage will be complemented in further deliverables by indicators and thresholds to link concepts to data and models.
31.
Aubin, Sophie; Huber, Madeleine
eROSA. e-infrastructure Roadmap for Open Science in Agriculture : bibliometric study results Technical Report
INRA, Horizon 2020 2018, (Ref. Ares(2018)3404573).
@techreport{Aubin2018,
title = {eROSA. e-infrastructure Roadmap for Open Science in Agriculture : bibliometric study results},
author = {Sophie Aubin and Madeleine Huber},
url = {https://zenodo.org/record/1305000/files/Bibliometric%20study%20results.pdf},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-06-28},
urldate = {2018-06-28},
institution = {INRA, Horizon 2020},
abstract = {This study highlights the results of a bibliometric analysis conducted at a global scale in order to identify key scientists and associated research performing organisations (e.g. public research institutes, universities, Research & Development departments of private companies) that work in the field of agricultural data sources and services. The added value of such a methodological approach is the resulting ability to provide a detailed answer to the question “who does what?” by collecting, processing, analysing and visualising the metadata1 of related scientific publications. The study focuses on articles that have been published in the past 10 years (i.e. during the period 2005-2015). As such, the analysis is a first attempt at delineating, mapping and describing the scientific community that the e-ROSA project seeks to engage with. It neither aims at being exhaustive nor at providing an evaluation on the scientific excellence of identified stakeholders as this is not the goal of the community-building activity under e-ROSA. The specific objectives of the analysis include:
1 - The identification of scientists and related collaboration networks involved in data science for agriculture in order to initiate further contact while building and engaging with the e-ROSA community throughout the project: e.g. these results provide valuable contacts in the context of the desk surveys that will be carried out under Work Package 1 in order to consolidate and reach out to the community, and in the context of the workshops organised under Work Package 2 that seek community-building and co-design of the e-ROSA Roadmap.
2 - The identification of specific domains related to data and computer science that are of interest to identified scientists (i.e. working on agricultural issues).
3 - The identification of related conferences and journals that the e-ROSA project can target in order to effectively reach out to the relevant communities involved in data science issues related to agriculture.},
note = {Ref. Ares(2018)3404573},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
This study highlights the results of a bibliometric analysis conducted at a global scale in order to identify key scientists and associated research performing organisations (e.g. public research institutes, universities, Research & Development departments of private companies) that work in the field of agricultural data sources and services. The added value of such a methodological approach is the resulting ability to provide a detailed answer to the question “who does what?” by collecting, processing, analysing and visualising the metadata1 of related scientific publications. The study focuses on articles that have been published in the past 10 years (i.e. during the period 2005-2015). As such, the analysis is a first attempt at delineating, mapping and describing the scientific community that the e-ROSA project seeks to engage with. It neither aims at being exhaustive nor at providing an evaluation on the scientific excellence of identified stakeholders as this is not the goal of the community-building activity under e-ROSA. The specific objectives of the analysis include:
1 - The identification of scientists and related collaboration networks involved in data science for agriculture in order to initiate further contact while building and engaging with the e-ROSA community throughout the project: e.g. these results provide valuable contacts in the context of the desk surveys that will be carried out under Work Package 1 in order to consolidate and reach out to the community, and in the context of the workshops organised under Work Package 2 that seek community-building and co-design of the e-ROSA Roadmap.
2 - The identification of specific domains related to data and computer science that are of interest to identified scientists (i.e. working on agricultural issues).
3 - The identification of related conferences and journals that the e-ROSA project can target in order to effectively reach out to the relevant communities involved in data science issues related to agriculture.
1 - The identification of scientists and related collaboration networks involved in data science for agriculture in order to initiate further contact while building and engaging with the e-ROSA community throughout the project: e.g. these results provide valuable contacts in the context of the desk surveys that will be carried out under Work Package 1 in order to consolidate and reach out to the community, and in the context of the workshops organised under Work Package 2 that seek community-building and co-design of the e-ROSA Roadmap.
2 - The identification of specific domains related to data and computer science that are of interest to identified scientists (i.e. working on agricultural issues).
3 - The identification of related conferences and journals that the e-ROSA project can target in order to effectively reach out to the relevant communities involved in data science issues related to agriculture.
2017
Journal Articles
32.
Prost, Magali; Prost, Lorène; Cerf, Marianne
Les échanges virtuels entre agriculteurs : un soutien à leurs transitions professionnelles ? Journal Article
In: Raisons éducatives, no. 1, pp. 129-154, 2017.
@article{prost2017echanges,
title = {Les échanges virtuels entre agriculteurs : un soutien à leurs transitions professionnelles ?},
author = {Magali Prost and Lorène Prost and Marianne Cerf},
url = {https://www.cairn.info/revue-raisons-educatives-2017-1-page-129.htm},
doi = {10.3917/raised.021.0129},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
urldate = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Raisons éducatives},
number = {1},
pages = {129-154},
publisher = {Université de Genève},
abstract = {Depuis la fin du XXe siècle, le modèle français de production agricole est remis en question : construit pour augmenter la productivité par hectare et par travailleur, il est maintenant reconnu en partie responsable de la dégradation de l’environnement et de la santé des travailleurs agricoles (Meynard, Dedieu, & Bos, 2012 ; Millenium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005). Dans ce contexte, il existe une volonté de promouvoir une agriculture qui permette une production agricole économiquement viable, socialement équitable, et ne nuisant ni à l’environnement ni à la santé. Aller vers une telle agriculture implique de profonds changements, notamment une reconfiguration des situations de travail et des conditions d’exercice des métiers des acteurs du monde agricole, et en particulier des agriculteurs (e.g. Coquil, 2014). En effet, si les agriculteurs ont toujours été confrontés à un environnement de travail ouvert et dynamique (Cerf & Sagory, 2004), la révolution agricole qui a suivi la Seconde Guerre mondiale a cherché à atténuer cette spécificité. L’usage de pesticides, d’engrais chimiques, de l’irrigation, l’amélioration des variétés et leur adaptation à ces produits a permis un contrôle des facteurs de production et l’obtention de rendements stables et élevés. Revenir aujourd’hui à une forme d’agriculture qui favorise des régulations naturelles, dite agroécologique, réexpose les agriculteurs à de l’incertitude, du non-contrôlable, des phénomènes complexes sur lesquels ils ne disposent pas forcément de connaissances stabilisées. Qui plus est, si des connaissances scientifiques existent pour aborder ces questions, elles sont souvent très partielles, et parfois font l’objet de controverses au sein du monde scientifique. Il ne s’agit donc pas, ou pas seulement, de favoriser la transmission de ces connaissances scientifiques. Par ailleurs, même s’il existe des agriculteurs qui ont déjà mis en place une pratique agroécologique, il ne s’agit pas non plus uniquement de transmettre leur expertise à d’autres. Pourquoi ? Parce que tout dépend du projet de vie et de travail de l’agriculteur, des moyens de production dont il dispose, des conditions pédoclimatiques de son exploitation, des possibilités de commercialisation, etc. Pour réussir sa transition professionnelle, chaque agriculteur doit donc revoir en profondeur son activité pour combiner de façon renouvelée son projet, ses moyens de production, ses débouchés, ses modes d’action.},
keywords = {},
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}
Depuis la fin du XXe siècle, le modèle français de production agricole est remis en question : construit pour augmenter la productivité par hectare et par travailleur, il est maintenant reconnu en partie responsable de la dégradation de l’environnement et de la santé des travailleurs agricoles (Meynard, Dedieu, & Bos, 2012 ; Millenium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005). Dans ce contexte, il existe une volonté de promouvoir une agriculture qui permette une production agricole économiquement viable, socialement équitable, et ne nuisant ni à l’environnement ni à la santé. Aller vers une telle agriculture implique de profonds changements, notamment une reconfiguration des situations de travail et des conditions d’exercice des métiers des acteurs du monde agricole, et en particulier des agriculteurs (e.g. Coquil, 2014). En effet, si les agriculteurs ont toujours été confrontés à un environnement de travail ouvert et dynamique (Cerf & Sagory, 2004), la révolution agricole qui a suivi la Seconde Guerre mondiale a cherché à atténuer cette spécificité. L’usage de pesticides, d’engrais chimiques, de l’irrigation, l’amélioration des variétés et leur adaptation à ces produits a permis un contrôle des facteurs de production et l’obtention de rendements stables et élevés. Revenir aujourd’hui à une forme d’agriculture qui favorise des régulations naturelles, dite agroécologique, réexpose les agriculteurs à de l’incertitude, du non-contrôlable, des phénomènes complexes sur lesquels ils ne disposent pas forcément de connaissances stabilisées. Qui plus est, si des connaissances scientifiques existent pour aborder ces questions, elles sont souvent très partielles, et parfois font l’objet de controverses au sein du monde scientifique. Il ne s’agit donc pas, ou pas seulement, de favoriser la transmission de ces connaissances scientifiques. Par ailleurs, même s’il existe des agriculteurs qui ont déjà mis en place une pratique agroécologique, il ne s’agit pas non plus uniquement de transmettre leur expertise à d’autres. Pourquoi ? Parce que tout dépend du projet de vie et de travail de l’agriculteur, des moyens de production dont il dispose, des conditions pédoclimatiques de son exploitation, des possibilités de commercialisation, etc. Pour réussir sa transition professionnelle, chaque agriculteur doit donc revoir en profondeur son activité pour combiner de façon renouvelée son projet, ses moyens de production, ses débouchés, ses modes d’action.
Proceedings Articles
33.
Rizzo, Davide; Marraccini, Elisa; Vitali, Giuliano; Martin, Philippe
What data are available to describe cropping systems at the regional level? Proceedings Article
In: XLVI meeting of the Italian Society for Agronomy, Milan, pp. 12–14, 2017.
@inproceedings{rizzo2017data,
title = {What data are available to describe cropping systems at the regional level?},
author = {Davide Rizzo and Elisa Marraccini and Giuliano Vitali and Philippe Martin},
url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01608845},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.6350061},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
urldate = {2017-01-01},
booktitle = {XLVI meeting of the Italian Society for Agronomy, Milan},
pages = {12--14},
abstract = {European agriculture is undergoing a rapid evolution that challenges agronomic research to scale from field to landscape. In particular, the undergoing processes (e.g. urbanization or land abandonment) and the multiple ecosystems services provided by agricultural areas are requiring to broaden the research at the regional level. Since some decades, the European Union is promoting the collection of agricultural data to evaluate the farmers’ eligibility for subsidies and to assess the Common Agricultural Policy performances. Part of these datasets are being increasingly used beyond their administrative functions, as for the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) and the Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS). Starting from a bibliometric analysis of the scientific literature using these datasets, we will discuss two examples of their application for characterizing cropland and cropping systems. Our aim is to discuss the relevance of these datasets as tools to improve the monitoring and management of agroecosystems at the regional level. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
European agriculture is undergoing a rapid evolution that challenges agronomic research to scale from field to landscape. In particular, the undergoing processes (e.g. urbanization or land abandonment) and the multiple ecosystems services provided by agricultural areas are requiring to broaden the research at the regional level. Since some decades, the European Union is promoting the collection of agricultural data to evaluate the farmers’ eligibility for subsidies and to assess the Common Agricultural Policy performances. Part of these datasets are being increasingly used beyond their administrative functions, as for the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) and the Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS). Starting from a bibliometric analysis of the scientific literature using these datasets, we will discuss two examples of their application for characterizing cropland and cropping systems. Our aim is to discuss the relevance of these datasets as tools to improve the monitoring and management of agroecosystems at the regional level.
2016
Journal Articles
34.
Leblond, Nelly; Trottier, Julie
Performing an Invisibility Spell: Global Models, Food Regimes and Smallholders Journal Article
In: International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture & Food, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 21-40, 2016.
@article{leblond2016performing,
title = {Performing an Invisibility Spell: Global Models, Food Regimes and Smallholders},
author = {Nelly Leblond and Julie Trottier},
url = {http://www.redgtd.org/CENTRODOC/BD_ARCHIVOS/02_Leblond&Trottier_Global_Models_Food_Regimes&Smallholders_2016.pdf},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
urldate = {2016-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture & Food},
volume = {23},
number = {1},
pages = {21-40},
abstract = {The present construction of global representations of food and farming is problematic. For example, how can we 'know' the world needs to double food production even though we cannot foresee a food crisis? How can we estimate investment opportunities while failing to quantify their impacts on smallholders? Global models constrain the manner in which we perceive the food regime while producing such representations. We need to identify the causal relations embedded inside models' equations and why they are arrayed in this fashion. This article combines actor-network theory and structuration theory to analyse a sample of 70 global models. It locates the modules and equations of these black boxes in the sociotechnical and political context of their production. Finally, a bibliometric analysis sketches the overall epistemic community that drove models into success or extinction. Dominant global models recycle equations, modules and databases to effectuate narrow worlds. They make smallholder farming invisible in spite of its prevalence around the world. They do not address food needs and construct pixellated representations of underutilized land. They systematically favour large-scale agricultural trade and investments in production and productivity. This reflects the structure of signification modellers adhere to as well as the structure of domination they are embedded in. Securing clients ensures the success of global models independently from their validation. The article demonstrates the manner in which modelling is a social practice embedded in power relations. Considering simultaneously the structure of domination formalized inside models and surrounding modelling is crucial. Future research should investigate how various actors resort to global models to champion their goals. It should question the policy recommendations drawn from such models and their relevance as decision support tools.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The present construction of global representations of food and farming is problematic. For example, how can we 'know' the world needs to double food production even though we cannot foresee a food crisis? How can we estimate investment opportunities while failing to quantify their impacts on smallholders? Global models constrain the manner in which we perceive the food regime while producing such representations. We need to identify the causal relations embedded inside models' equations and why they are arrayed in this fashion. This article combines actor-network theory and structuration theory to analyse a sample of 70 global models. It locates the modules and equations of these black boxes in the sociotechnical and political context of their production. Finally, a bibliometric analysis sketches the overall epistemic community that drove models into success or extinction. Dominant global models recycle equations, modules and databases to effectuate narrow worlds. They make smallholder farming invisible in spite of its prevalence around the world. They do not address food needs and construct pixellated representations of underutilized land. They systematically favour large-scale agricultural trade and investments in production and productivity. This reflects the structure of signification modellers adhere to as well as the structure of domination they are embedded in. Securing clients ensures the success of global models independently from their validation. The article demonstrates the manner in which modelling is a social practice embedded in power relations. Considering simultaneously the structure of domination formalized inside models and surrounding modelling is crucial. Future research should investigate how various actors resort to global models to champion their goals. It should question the policy recommendations drawn from such models and their relevance as decision support tools.
35.
Cornilleau, Lise
In: Revue d'anthropologie des connaissances, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 171-196, 2016.
@article{Cornilleau2016,
title = {La modélisation économique mondiale, une technologie de gouvernement à distance ? Généalogie, circulations et traductions d’un modèle de la sécurité alimentaire globale de l’IFPRI},
author = {Lise Cornilleau},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3917/rac.031.0171},
doi = {10.3917/rac.031.0171},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
urldate = {2016-01-01},
journal = {Revue d'anthropologie des connaissances},
volume = {10},
number = {2},
pages = {171-196},
abstract = {Cet article interroge le rôle de la modélisation économique mondiale dans les programmes de la Révolution Verte en Afrique : dans quelle mesure cette forme de quantification peut-elle être qualifiée de technologie de gouvernement à distance ? Nous présentons le cas du modèle IMPACT de l’International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), un centre international de recherche agronomique dont le siège est à Washington, mais présent en Afrique de l’Est via ses bureaux régionaux et nationaux. Dans un premier temps, nous traçons la généalogie de ce modèle, qui reproblématise la « faim dans le monde » et en définit les solutions par le libre-échange et la technologisation de l’agriculture. Dans un second temps, nous montrons comment ce programme est implicitement voué à être territorialisé en Afrique. Pour cela, nous décrivons les circulations du modèle dans les arènes internationales, et nous analysons comment la modélisation participe également d’une forme de gouvernement à l’échelle nationale. S’inspirant des travaux sur le verrouillage à l’œuvre dans les « paquets technologiques » et financiers de la Révolution Verte, cet article décrit les modalités du lock-in idéologique dont il est le complément.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Cet article interroge le rôle de la modélisation économique mondiale dans les programmes de la Révolution Verte en Afrique : dans quelle mesure cette forme de quantification peut-elle être qualifiée de technologie de gouvernement à distance ? Nous présentons le cas du modèle IMPACT de l’International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), un centre international de recherche agronomique dont le siège est à Washington, mais présent en Afrique de l’Est via ses bureaux régionaux et nationaux. Dans un premier temps, nous traçons la généalogie de ce modèle, qui reproblématise la « faim dans le monde » et en définit les solutions par le libre-échange et la technologisation de l’agriculture. Dans un second temps, nous montrons comment ce programme est implicitement voué à être territorialisé en Afrique. Pour cela, nous décrivons les circulations du modèle dans les arènes internationales, et nous analysons comment la modélisation participe également d’une forme de gouvernement à l’échelle nationale. S’inspirant des travaux sur le verrouillage à l’œuvre dans les « paquets technologiques » et financiers de la Révolution Verte, cet article décrit les modalités du lock-in idéologique dont il est le complément.
2014
PhD Theses
36.
Levain, Alix-Kathleen
Vivre avec l’algue verte : Médiations, épreuves et signes PhD Thesis
Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 2014, (HAL Id : tel-01098682 , version 1).
@phdthesis{Levain2014,
title = {Vivre avec l’algue verte : Médiations, épreuves et signes},
author = {Alix-Kathleen Levain},
url = {https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01098682/},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
urldate = {2014-01-01},
school = {Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle},
abstract = {Aborder les crises et les changements environnementaux sous l'angle de l'expérience de ceux qui y sont confrontés permet de prendre la mesure de ce qui est en jeu dans les processus contemporains d’écologisation. L’expérience écologique engage en effet des observations expertes et profanes sur le monde naturel, de plus en plus instrumentées par les sciences et les techniques et qui se construisent à différenteséchelles. Mais elle est aussi expérience sociale, en ce qu’elle oblige à penser ce qui, dans notre regard et dans celui des autres, se trouve interrogé par la formulation désormais principalement problématique des relations de l’homme avec les milieux qu’il habite et transforme. L’enquête ethnographique permet d’explorer simultanément ces deux dimensions indissociables d’une expérience problématique. Cette thèse explore les modes de prise en compte et de prise en charge des évolutions de l’environnement littoral, à partir d’une analyse de l’émergence de l’eutrophisation accélérée des milieux aquatiques, considérée aujourd'hui comme un problème écologique majeur à l'échelle mondiale. Elle s'appuie sur le cas des proliférations d'algues vertes, observées sur une partie du littoral breton depuis les années 1970 et directement reliées à l'intensification de l'élevage dans la région. Axe majeur du développement régional et fer de lance de l'agriculture française,le «modèle breton» est en effet àl'origine d'un enrichissement massif des eaux des rivières et des eaux côtières en nutriments. La thèse rend compte de la complexité de cette expérience vécue, montre les modes pluriels d'existence des marées vertes en tant que phénomène et en tant que problème public. A partir du comportement problématique des algues, compagnes indésirables de la modernité, ce sont les transformations et le devenir d'une société qui se trouvent interrogés et réévalués, au travers de la mutation douloureuse de ses rapports avec les êtres vivants environnants. Dans une perspective socio-‐anthropologique, la thèse s’attache de ce fait à décrire comment le phénomène est questionné, interprété, enrôlé. Elle analyse la façon dont se construisent les articulations et les médiations qui permettent de donner sens au désordre et aboutit à une proposition de relecture de l’écologisation comme expérience située et réflexive. },
note = {HAL Id : tel-01098682 , version 1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
Aborder les crises et les changements environnementaux sous l'angle de l'expérience de ceux qui y sont confrontés permet de prendre la mesure de ce qui est en jeu dans les processus contemporains d’écologisation. L’expérience écologique engage en effet des observations expertes et profanes sur le monde naturel, de plus en plus instrumentées par les sciences et les techniques et qui se construisent à différenteséchelles. Mais elle est aussi expérience sociale, en ce qu’elle oblige à penser ce qui, dans notre regard et dans celui des autres, se trouve interrogé par la formulation désormais principalement problématique des relations de l’homme avec les milieux qu’il habite et transforme. L’enquête ethnographique permet d’explorer simultanément ces deux dimensions indissociables d’une expérience problématique. Cette thèse explore les modes de prise en compte et de prise en charge des évolutions de l’environnement littoral, à partir d’une analyse de l’émergence de l’eutrophisation accélérée des milieux aquatiques, considérée aujourd'hui comme un problème écologique majeur à l'échelle mondiale. Elle s'appuie sur le cas des proliférations d'algues vertes, observées sur une partie du littoral breton depuis les années 1970 et directement reliées à l'intensification de l'élevage dans la région. Axe majeur du développement régional et fer de lance de l'agriculture française,le «modèle breton» est en effet àl'origine d'un enrichissement massif des eaux des rivières et des eaux côtières en nutriments. La thèse rend compte de la complexité de cette expérience vécue, montre les modes pluriels d'existence des marées vertes en tant que phénomène et en tant que problème public. A partir du comportement problématique des algues, compagnes indésirables de la modernité, ce sont les transformations et le devenir d'une société qui se trouvent interrogés et réévalués, au travers de la mutation douloureuse de ses rapports avec les êtres vivants environnants. Dans une perspective socio-‐anthropologique, la thèse s’attache de ce fait à décrire comment le phénomène est questionné, interprété, enrôlé. Elle analyse la façon dont se construisent les articulations et les médiations qui permettent de donner sens au désordre et aboutit à une proposition de relecture de l’écologisation comme expérience située et réflexive.
Technical Reports
37.
Tancoigne, Elise; Barbier, Marc; Cointet, Jean-Philippe; Richard, Guy
Les services écosystémiques dans la littérature scientifique : démarche d'exploration et résultats d'analyse : Rapport d'étude pour la phase d'exploration du métaprogramme EcoServ. Technical Report
2014, (hal-01157253 , version 1).
@techreport{Tancoigne2014b,
title = {Les services écosystémiques dans la littérature scientifique : démarche d'exploration et résultats d'analyse : Rapport d'étude pour la phase d'exploration du métaprogramme EcoServ. },
author = {Elise Tancoigne and Marc Barbier and Jean-Philippe Cointet and Guy Richard},
url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01157253/},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
urldate = {2014-01-01},
pages = {69},
abstract = {En 2005, le Millenium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) a permis de reconnaître l’importance des écosystèmes pour le bien-être humain, ainsi que la diminution d’un certain nombre de services fournis à l’homme par ces mêmes écosystèmes au cours des dernières décennies. L’agriculture est considérée comme responsable de la diminution d’un certain nombre de services, ainsi que de la biodiversité, au profit du seul service d’approvisionnement en nourriture (Carpenter et al., 2009). Elle se trouve donc aujourd’hui plus que jamais confrontée à deux impératifs qui mettent en avant sa multifonctionnalité : garantir la fourniture de biens de consommation (nourriture, bois, eau potable...) et de bénéfices sociaux (e.g. emploi) tout en préservant la capacité des écosystèmes à fournir d’autres services (purification de l’eau, régulation du climat, etc.). EcoServ est un méta-programme de recherche en construction à l’Inra afin qu’y soit développée une recherche inter-disciplinaire sur les services fournis par les écosystèmes continentaux dépendants des activités agricoles et forestières. La présente analyse a été engagée dans le cadre de sa construction, afin de connaître la place des systèmes agricoles dans la littérature sur les services écosystémiques. Ce travail de scientométrie a été guidé par quatre questions principales : quelles sont les disciplines scientifiques impliquées dans cette recherche ? Quels sont les services écosystémiques abordés dans la littérature ? Quels sont les écosystèmes étudiés ? Quelle est la place de l’Inra dans ce paysage ? Le corpus est issu de la base de données bibliographique Web of Science. Il a été construit de manière large afin d’inclure les différents synonymes de la notion de « service écosystémique ». Différentes analyses lexicales ont ensuite été réalisées pour la période postérieure au MEA (2006-2012) à l’aide de la plateforme CorTexT manager de l’Ifris et de R (R Core Team, 2012) : extractions lexicales, catégorisations de termes, calculs de fréquences, cartes de cooccurences. Les termes les plus fréquemment utilisés dans les articles de la période 1975- 2012 sont ecosystem service (39 % des documents indexés), puis ecosystem function (29 %), ecological function (14 %) et environmental service (9 %). Le terme ecosystem function dominera jusqu’en 2007 où il sera supplanté par celui de ecosystem service qui connait une progression exponentielle suite à la publication du MEA (Millenium Ecosystem Assessment, 2003, 2005). Ce concept est particulièrement mobilisé par l’écologie et la biologie de la conservation, d’où il tire son origine. Les trois références les plus citées de ce corpus se situent en écologie (Costanza et al., 1997; Daily, 1997; Hooper et al., 2005). Les sciences agronomiques utilisent plutôt le terme de « services environnementaux », qui met l’accent sur les services rendus par l’homme à l’environnement. La place de l’Institut dans ce corpus étant très faible (1.5 %) malgré les résultats importants obtenus au cours de l’enquête réalisée début 2013 auprès des départements, il est très probable qu’un grand nombre de services soient étudiés à l’Inra sans que les chercheurs se réclament de cette notion. Le service le plus étudié est celui de production agricole. La majorité des services sont étudiés de manière isolée. Lorsqu’ils sont étudiés conjointement, les services concernés sont majoritairement des services qui agissent en synergie. Les services antagonistes sont très peu étudiés conjointement. Par conséquent, lorsque la notion de trade-off apparait dans la littérature, elle est surtout abordée de manière théorique et programmatique. En outre, elle peut concerner différents niveaux et différents objets : il peut s’agir de faire des compromis entre acteurs, ou bien entre désirs et réalité, ou bien encore entre Environnement et Humanité. Si les écosystèmes forestiers et agricoles sont parmi les écosystèmes les plus étudiés, ils le sont principalement dans leur dimension bio-physique, et très peu dans leur dimension sociale. L’idée d’étudier un socio-écosystème dans son ensemble n’est pas encore mise en oeuvre. Les problématiques de gestion des ressources naturelles sont abordées principalement par des méthodologies de l’économie classique : consentement à payer, évaluations contingentes, etc. Elles sont également très liées à un argumentaire en faveur du développement social. Tout ceci amène à penser qu’une grande partie de la littérature sur la gestion des services écosystémiques est avant tout d’ordre programmatique. Cette étude met également en évidence la limite du cadre conceptuel du MEA, limite qui a déjà été pointée à de nombreuses reprises dans la littérature. Ses catégories de service sont en effet de portée limitée pour repérer les services dans la littérature et elles ne permettent pas de détecter les dysservices (entendus ici comme des dysfonctionnements des écosystèmes), qui représentent pourtant une part importante de cette littérature. Cette étude possède également des limites importantes dans la mesure où sa source de données est loin d’être exhaustive et où son travail de catégorisation n’a pas permis de lever certaines ambiguïtés thématiques. Il est en effet souvent difficile de déterminer à partir de la liste de termes s’il s’agit d’un service rendu par les écosystèmes ou d’un service rendu par l’homme (ex. : forest protection). Pour conclure, ces résultats montrent que ce concept a peu été saisi par les sciences agronomiques, quand bien même de nombreuses études traitent des milieux agricoles ; qu’il est beaucoup abordé de manière programmatique et sans considérer le socio-écosystème dans son ensemble. Un grand nombre de travaux effectués à l’échelle du paysage incluent les agro-écosystèmes mais ne sont pas réalisés par les sciences agronomiques. Celles-ci ont intérêt à se placer sur ces « approches paysage » qui gagnent une place de plus en plus importante. Le développement d’une recherche intégrée sur la gestion des écosystèmes anthropisés prend donc tout son sens dans ce contexte, et un travail de sensibilisation important sera à réaliser à l’Inra pour familiariser les chercheurs avec la notion de « service écosystémique ». },
note = {hal-01157253 , version 1},
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En 2005, le Millenium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) a permis de reconnaître l’importance des écosystèmes pour le bien-être humain, ainsi que la diminution d’un certain nombre de services fournis à l’homme par ces mêmes écosystèmes au cours des dernières décennies. L’agriculture est considérée comme responsable de la diminution d’un certain nombre de services, ainsi que de la biodiversité, au profit du seul service d’approvisionnement en nourriture (Carpenter et al., 2009). Elle se trouve donc aujourd’hui plus que jamais confrontée à deux impératifs qui mettent en avant sa multifonctionnalité : garantir la fourniture de biens de consommation (nourriture, bois, eau potable...) et de bénéfices sociaux (e.g. emploi) tout en préservant la capacité des écosystèmes à fournir d’autres services (purification de l’eau, régulation du climat, etc.). EcoServ est un méta-programme de recherche en construction à l’Inra afin qu’y soit développée une recherche inter-disciplinaire sur les services fournis par les écosystèmes continentaux dépendants des activités agricoles et forestières. La présente analyse a été engagée dans le cadre de sa construction, afin de connaître la place des systèmes agricoles dans la littérature sur les services écosystémiques. Ce travail de scientométrie a été guidé par quatre questions principales : quelles sont les disciplines scientifiques impliquées dans cette recherche ? Quels sont les services écosystémiques abordés dans la littérature ? Quels sont les écosystèmes étudiés ? Quelle est la place de l’Inra dans ce paysage ? Le corpus est issu de la base de données bibliographique Web of Science. Il a été construit de manière large afin d’inclure les différents synonymes de la notion de « service écosystémique ». Différentes analyses lexicales ont ensuite été réalisées pour la période postérieure au MEA (2006-2012) à l’aide de la plateforme CorTexT manager de l’Ifris et de R (R Core Team, 2012) : extractions lexicales, catégorisations de termes, calculs de fréquences, cartes de cooccurences. Les termes les plus fréquemment utilisés dans les articles de la période 1975- 2012 sont ecosystem service (39 % des documents indexés), puis ecosystem function (29 %), ecological function (14 %) et environmental service (9 %). Le terme ecosystem function dominera jusqu’en 2007 où il sera supplanté par celui de ecosystem service qui connait une progression exponentielle suite à la publication du MEA (Millenium Ecosystem Assessment, 2003, 2005). Ce concept est particulièrement mobilisé par l’écologie et la biologie de la conservation, d’où il tire son origine. Les trois références les plus citées de ce corpus se situent en écologie (Costanza et al., 1997; Daily, 1997; Hooper et al., 2005). Les sciences agronomiques utilisent plutôt le terme de « services environnementaux », qui met l’accent sur les services rendus par l’homme à l’environnement. La place de l’Institut dans ce corpus étant très faible (1.5 %) malgré les résultats importants obtenus au cours de l’enquête réalisée début 2013 auprès des départements, il est très probable qu’un grand nombre de services soient étudiés à l’Inra sans que les chercheurs se réclament de cette notion. Le service le plus étudié est celui de production agricole. La majorité des services sont étudiés de manière isolée. Lorsqu’ils sont étudiés conjointement, les services concernés sont majoritairement des services qui agissent en synergie. Les services antagonistes sont très peu étudiés conjointement. Par conséquent, lorsque la notion de trade-off apparait dans la littérature, elle est surtout abordée de manière théorique et programmatique. En outre, elle peut concerner différents niveaux et différents objets : il peut s’agir de faire des compromis entre acteurs, ou bien entre désirs et réalité, ou bien encore entre Environnement et Humanité. Si les écosystèmes forestiers et agricoles sont parmi les écosystèmes les plus étudiés, ils le sont principalement dans leur dimension bio-physique, et très peu dans leur dimension sociale. L’idée d’étudier un socio-écosystème dans son ensemble n’est pas encore mise en oeuvre. Les problématiques de gestion des ressources naturelles sont abordées principalement par des méthodologies de l’économie classique : consentement à payer, évaluations contingentes, etc. Elles sont également très liées à un argumentaire en faveur du développement social. Tout ceci amène à penser qu’une grande partie de la littérature sur la gestion des services écosystémiques est avant tout d’ordre programmatique. Cette étude met également en évidence la limite du cadre conceptuel du MEA, limite qui a déjà été pointée à de nombreuses reprises dans la littérature. Ses catégories de service sont en effet de portée limitée pour repérer les services dans la littérature et elles ne permettent pas de détecter les dysservices (entendus ici comme des dysfonctionnements des écosystèmes), qui représentent pourtant une part importante de cette littérature. Cette étude possède également des limites importantes dans la mesure où sa source de données est loin d’être exhaustive et où son travail de catégorisation n’a pas permis de lever certaines ambiguïtés thématiques. Il est en effet souvent difficile de déterminer à partir de la liste de termes s’il s’agit d’un service rendu par les écosystèmes ou d’un service rendu par l’homme (ex. : forest protection). Pour conclure, ces résultats montrent que ce concept a peu été saisi par les sciences agronomiques, quand bien même de nombreuses études traitent des milieux agricoles ; qu’il est beaucoup abordé de manière programmatique et sans considérer le socio-écosystème dans son ensemble. Un grand nombre de travaux effectués à l’échelle du paysage incluent les agro-écosystèmes mais ne sont pas réalisés par les sciences agronomiques. Celles-ci ont intérêt à se placer sur ces « approches paysage » qui gagnent une place de plus en plus importante. Le développement d’une recherche intégrée sur la gestion des écosystèmes anthropisés prend donc tout son sens dans ce contexte, et un travail de sensibilisation important sera à réaliser à l’Inra pour familiariser les chercheurs avec la notion de « service écosystémique ».
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