2023
Journal Articles
1.
Miara, M.; Boudes, P.; Rabier, T.; Gafsi, M.
Animal traction in developed countries: The reappropriation of a past practice through agroecological transition Journal Article
In: Journal of Rural Studies, vol. 103, pp. 103124, 2023, ISSN: 0743-0167.
@article{Miara2023,
title = {Animal traction in developed countries: The reappropriation of a past practice through agroecological transition},
author = {M. Miara and P. Boudes and T. Rabier and M. Gafsi},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0743016723001900},
doi = {/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2023.103124},
issn = {0743-0167},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-09-15},
urldate = {2023-09-15},
journal = {Journal of Rural Studies},
volume = {103},
pages = {103124},
abstract = {As part of the current agroecological transition, animal traction in agriculture is benefiting from an increased focus in developed countries. However, the practice is struggling to gain recognition from research, institutions and the agricultural profession. This article aims to analyze how animal traction is treated in developed countries, and to assess the extent to which it could be considered an agroecological practice. We analyze animal traction as a scientific object and a socio-professional movement. Our methodology is based on a review of scientific literature and an analysis of the French general press. The various studies show that animal traction has advantages in terms of energy, economics and agronomy. It tends to be developed by alternative movements and farmers motivated by a desire to redesign our food systems. Both scientific and press reviews show a renewed positive interest in animal traction. Although these reviews highlight its agroecological potential, the practice is facing difficulties in gaining recognition. The findings of this article are of obvious interest to rural development researchers and policy makers. They help the former to explore new issues in the return of animal traction, and the latter to better understand the development factors of this practice.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
As part of the current agroecological transition, animal traction in agriculture is benefiting from an increased focus in developed countries. However, the practice is struggling to gain recognition from research, institutions and the agricultural profession. This article aims to analyze how animal traction is treated in developed countries, and to assess the extent to which it could be considered an agroecological practice. We analyze animal traction as a scientific object and a socio-professional movement. Our methodology is based on a review of scientific literature and an analysis of the French general press. The various studies show that animal traction has advantages in terms of energy, economics and agronomy. It tends to be developed by alternative movements and farmers motivated by a desire to redesign our food systems. Both scientific and press reviews show a renewed positive interest in animal traction. Although these reviews highlight its agroecological potential, the practice is facing difficulties in gaining recognition. The findings of this article are of obvious interest to rural development researchers and policy makers. They help the former to explore new issues in the return of animal traction, and the latter to better understand the development factors of this practice.
2.
Veng, Adam; Papazu, Irina; Ejsing, Mads
Is Denmark a green entrepreneurial state? Mapping Danish climate politics between civic mobilization and business cooptation Journal Article
In: STS Encounters, vol. 15, pp. 1-45, 2023, ISSN: 1904-4372.
@article{Veng2023,
title = {Is Denmark a green entrepreneurial state? Mapping Danish climate politics between civic mobilization and business cooptation},
author = {Adam Veng and Irina Papazu and Mads Ejsing},
url = {https://pure.itu.dk/en/publications/is-denmark-a-green-entrepreneurial-state-mapping-danish-climate-p
https://tidsskrift.dk/encounters/article/view/139817/183845
https://tidsskrift.dk/encounters/article/download/139817/183845/303522},
issn = {1904-4372},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-09-05},
journal = {STS Encounters},
volume = {15},
pages = {1-45},
publisher = {Danish Association of Science and Technology Studies},
abstract = {This article is based on digital methods research using the tools Hyphe, Gephi and CorText to map the relations between public Danish actors – from informal civil society groups and NGO’s to business and state actors - and their “matters of concern” (cf. Latour 2004) in the heated political situation around the development of green transition policies following the enactment of the Climate Act in 2019. The Act was, according to the newly elected social democratic government, the “most ambitious Climate Act in the world”. It included such political innovations as the Citizens’ Assembly on Climate Change, a group of 99 randomly selected citizens mandated to give recommendations to parliament, and a series of Climate Partnerships, business and industry collaborations tasked with developing recommendations and frameworks for the business community’s engagement in the green transition. The Climate Act was passed after massive popular pressure from the civic climate movement leading up to the election. Despite these efforts and the apparent political will to engage with multiple voices and interests, our network mapping shows that the business community, with an emphasis on “innovative and technological solutions”, were soon to become dominant in the network and align themselves more closely with the political system than the civil society actors were able to with their repeated calls for more radical and political action on climate change.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article is based on digital methods research using the tools Hyphe, Gephi and CorText to map the relations between public Danish actors – from informal civil society groups and NGO’s to business and state actors - and their “matters of concern” (cf. Latour 2004) in the heated political situation around the development of green transition policies following the enactment of the Climate Act in 2019. The Act was, according to the newly elected social democratic government, the “most ambitious Climate Act in the world”. It included such political innovations as the Citizens’ Assembly on Climate Change, a group of 99 randomly selected citizens mandated to give recommendations to parliament, and a series of Climate Partnerships, business and industry collaborations tasked with developing recommendations and frameworks for the business community’s engagement in the green transition. The Climate Act was passed after massive popular pressure from the civic climate movement leading up to the election. Despite these efforts and the apparent political will to engage with multiple voices and interests, our network mapping shows that the business community, with an emphasis on “innovative and technological solutions”, were soon to become dominant in the network and align themselves more closely with the political system than the civil society actors were able to with their repeated calls for more radical and political action on climate change.
Masters Theses
3.
Enhaynes, Alistair V.; Anderson, John Brian F.; Bayon, Jerik Adrian V.
Anti-reflective coatings for photovoltaic module efficiency: A bibliometric review Masters Thesis
De La Salle University (DLSU), Manila, 2023, (Bachelor of Science in Biology major in Medical Biology).
@mastersthesis{Enhaynes2023,
title = {Anti-reflective coatings for photovoltaic module efficiency: A bibliometric review},
author = {Alistair V. Enhaynes and John Brian F. Anderson and Jerik Adrian V. Bayon},
url = {https://animorepository.dlsu.edu.ph/etdb_bio/37/},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-08-30},
urldate = {2023-08-30},
address = {Manila},
school = {De La Salle University (DLSU)},
abstract = {With a global call to mitigate climate change by adapting energy systems, renewable energy is on the rise. However, many nations, especially developing countries, have struggled to transition to renewable energy due to its hefty cost. Solar energy is one of the most prominent renewable energy sources and it is usually harvested by photovoltaic modules. Unfortunately, these photovoltaic modules experience optical losses due to the reflection of light. The researchers performed a bibliometric review on anti-reflective coatings to identify trends and relationships. The researchers used literature from the Scopus database and performed different scripts using the Cortext Manager tool. Through the different analyses done by the researchers, top journals, prominent terms, evolution of terms, leading countries, and author interconnections were determined. With this, the researchers have noted the current state and future directions of anti-reflective coatings, such as the development of multifunctional coatings, advanced light trapping mechanisms as well as advancements in its commercialization.},
note = {Bachelor of Science in Biology major in Medical Biology},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {mastersthesis}
}
With a global call to mitigate climate change by adapting energy systems, renewable energy is on the rise. However, many nations, especially developing countries, have struggled to transition to renewable energy due to its hefty cost. Solar energy is one of the most prominent renewable energy sources and it is usually harvested by photovoltaic modules. Unfortunately, these photovoltaic modules experience optical losses due to the reflection of light. The researchers performed a bibliometric review on anti-reflective coatings to identify trends and relationships. The researchers used literature from the Scopus database and performed different scripts using the Cortext Manager tool. Through the different analyses done by the researchers, top journals, prominent terms, evolution of terms, leading countries, and author interconnections were determined. With this, the researchers have noted the current state and future directions of anti-reflective coatings, such as the development of multifunctional coatings, advanced light trapping mechanisms as well as advancements in its commercialization.
PhD Theses
4.
Lowans, Christopher
A socio-techno economic analysis of energy and transport poverty in Northern Ireland PhD Thesis
Queen's University Belfast, 2023.
@phdthesis{Lowans2023,
title = {A socio-techno economic analysis of energy and transport poverty in Northern Ireland},
author = {Christopher Lowans},
url = {https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/a-socio-techno-economic-analysis-of-energy-and-transport-poverty-
https://pure.qub.ac.uk/files/517510812/CL_Thesis_V3.0.pdf},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-09-12},
urldate = {2023-09-12},
school = {Queen's University Belfast},
abstract = {It is a widely held position in the literature that the current energy transition should be a Just Transition. This is considered a moral imperative, and a practical choice as it seeks to preserve the legitimacy of governments and businesses through the ongoing energy transition.
However, energy and transport poverty present significant barriers to this Just Transition in distributional terms and in terms of recognition. These conditions are difficult to quantify, and definitions abound. Nonetheless, the need to address these interlinked issues is increasingly relevant to policy makers due to the energy price consequences of Russia’s invasion of
Ukraine, and the Covid-19 pandemic prior to this.
This work primarily considers Northern Ireland, and to a lesser extent, Republic of Ireland, which are two jurisdictions with many current and potential groups vulnerable to both energy and transport poverty. The initial stages of this work reviewed and analysed the body of literature, from both the academic and policy worlds to understand and critique both the conceptualisation of energy and transport poverty and how they are measured. This initial work concluded that single indicators should be replaced by new composite or multiple existing metrics that examine the overlap of energy and transport poverty and that in the case of composite metrics, these should be the focus of further study alongside the incorporation of what the literature terms vulnerability lenses and other “complex” factors. Further to this, a review of potential solutions found that many are linked to decarbonisation. However, technical analysis tools and data are inadequate to consider their alleviation via these solutions. The use of existing tools requires compromise with regards to what is analysed, and currently requires a focus almost solely on cost aspects.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
It is a widely held position in the literature that the current energy transition should be a Just Transition. This is considered a moral imperative, and a practical choice as it seeks to preserve the legitimacy of governments and businesses through the ongoing energy transition.
However, energy and transport poverty present significant barriers to this Just Transition in distributional terms and in terms of recognition. These conditions are difficult to quantify, and definitions abound. Nonetheless, the need to address these interlinked issues is increasingly relevant to policy makers due to the energy price consequences of Russia’s invasion of
Ukraine, and the Covid-19 pandemic prior to this.
This work primarily considers Northern Ireland, and to a lesser extent, Republic of Ireland, which are two jurisdictions with many current and potential groups vulnerable to both energy and transport poverty. The initial stages of this work reviewed and analysed the body of literature, from both the academic and policy worlds to understand and critique both the conceptualisation of energy and transport poverty and how they are measured. This initial work concluded that single indicators should be replaced by new composite or multiple existing metrics that examine the overlap of energy and transport poverty and that in the case of composite metrics, these should be the focus of further study alongside the incorporation of what the literature terms vulnerability lenses and other “complex” factors. Further to this, a review of potential solutions found that many are linked to decarbonisation. However, technical analysis tools and data are inadequate to consider their alleviation via these solutions. The use of existing tools requires compromise with regards to what is analysed, and currently requires a focus almost solely on cost aspects.
However, energy and transport poverty present significant barriers to this Just Transition in distributional terms and in terms of recognition. These conditions are difficult to quantify, and definitions abound. Nonetheless, the need to address these interlinked issues is increasingly relevant to policy makers due to the energy price consequences of Russia’s invasion of
Ukraine, and the Covid-19 pandemic prior to this.
This work primarily considers Northern Ireland, and to a lesser extent, Republic of Ireland, which are two jurisdictions with many current and potential groups vulnerable to both energy and transport poverty. The initial stages of this work reviewed and analysed the body of literature, from both the academic and policy worlds to understand and critique both the conceptualisation of energy and transport poverty and how they are measured. This initial work concluded that single indicators should be replaced by new composite or multiple existing metrics that examine the overlap of energy and transport poverty and that in the case of composite metrics, these should be the focus of further study alongside the incorporation of what the literature terms vulnerability lenses and other “complex” factors. Further to this, a review of potential solutions found that many are linked to decarbonisation. However, technical analysis tools and data are inadequate to consider their alleviation via these solutions. The use of existing tools requires compromise with regards to what is analysed, and currently requires a focus almost solely on cost aspects.
2022
Journal Articles
5.
Toffolini, Quentin; Jeuffroy, Marie-Hélène
On-farm experimentation practices and associated farmer-researcher relationships: a systematic literature review Journal Article
In: Agronomy for Sustainable Development, vol. 42, iss. 2022, no. 114, 2022.
@article{Toffolini2022,
title = {On-farm experimentation practices and associated farmer-researcher relationships: a systematic literature review},
author = {Quentin Toffolini and Marie-Hélène Jeuffroy},
url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13593-022-00845-w},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-022-00845-w},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-11-01},
urldate = {2022-11-01},
journal = {Agronomy for Sustainable Development},
volume = {42},
number = {114},
issue = {2022},
abstract = {The convergence among the rise of digital technologies, the attention paid to the localized issues of transitions in practices toward agroecology, and the emergence of new open innovation models are renewing and reviving the scientific community’s interest in on-farm experimentation (OFE). This form of experimentation is claimed to be enhanced by digital tools as well as being an enabler of production of credible, salient, and legitimate science insofar as it embraces a farmer-centric perspective. However, the forms of research in which some experimental activities on farms are anchored vary greatly, notably with regard to the actual forms that interventions on farms take, the legitimacy of the actors involved and their roles, or the observations and instruments applied for interpretation. We propose a systematic review of the literature and an analytical framework in order to better understand this diversity of practices behind on-farm experimentation. Our analysis segregated six major publication clusters based on themes appearing in titles and abstracts. These themes guided a more in-depth analysis of representative articles, from which we identified seven types of OFE practices that are described and discussed here with regard to the knowledge targeted, roles of the various actors, and on-farm experimental space. Our typology provides an original basis for supporting reflexivity and building alignment between the above-mentioned dimensions and the ways in which new tools can support the experimental process.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The convergence among the rise of digital technologies, the attention paid to the localized issues of transitions in practices toward agroecology, and the emergence of new open innovation models are renewing and reviving the scientific community’s interest in on-farm experimentation (OFE). This form of experimentation is claimed to be enhanced by digital tools as well as being an enabler of production of credible, salient, and legitimate science insofar as it embraces a farmer-centric perspective. However, the forms of research in which some experimental activities on farms are anchored vary greatly, notably with regard to the actual forms that interventions on farms take, the legitimacy of the actors involved and their roles, or the observations and instruments applied for interpretation. We propose a systematic review of the literature and an analytical framework in order to better understand this diversity of practices behind on-farm experimentation. Our analysis segregated six major publication clusters based on themes appearing in titles and abstracts. These themes guided a more in-depth analysis of representative articles, from which we identified seven types of OFE practices that are described and discussed here with regard to the knowledge targeted, roles of the various actors, and on-farm experimental space. Our typology provides an original basis for supporting reflexivity and building alignment between the above-mentioned dimensions and the ways in which new tools can support the experimental process.
6.
Lascialfari, Matteo; Magrini, Marie-Benoît; Cabanac, Guillaume
Unpacking research lock-in through a diachronic analysis of topic cluster trajectories in scholarly publications Journal Article
In: Scientometrics, vol. 127, 2022.
@article{Lascialfari2022,
title = {Unpacking research lock-in through a diachronic analysis of topic cluster trajectories in scholarly publications},
author = {Matteo Lascialfari and Marie-Benoît Magrini and Guillaume Cabanac},
url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11192-022-04514-3
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11192-022-04514-3.pdf?pdf=button%20sticky},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-022-04514-3},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-11-01},
urldate = {2022-11-01},
journal = {Scientometrics},
volume = {127},
abstract = {Lock-in and path-dependency are well-known concepts in economics dealing with unbalanced development of alternative options. Lock-in was studied in various sectors, considering production or consumption sides. Lock-in in academic research went little addressed. Yet, science develops through knowledge accumulation and cross-fertilisation of research topics, that could lead to similar phenomena when some topics do not sufficiently benefit from accumulation mechanisms, reducing innovation opportunities from the concerned field consequently. We introduce an original method to explore these phenomena by comparing topic trajectories in research fields according to strong or weak accumulative processes over time. We combine the concepts of ‘niche’ and ‘mainstream’ from transition studies with scientometric tools to revisit Callon’s strategic diagram with a diachronic perspective of topic clusters over time. Considering the trajectories of semantic clusters, derived from titles and authors’ keywords extracted from scholarly publications in the Web of Science, we applied our method to two competing research fields in food sciences and technology related to pulses and soya over the last 60 years worldwide. These highly interesting species for the sustainability of agrifood systems experienced unbalanced development and thus is under-debated. Our analysis confirms that food research for soya was more dynamic than for pulses: soya topic clusters revealed a stronger accumulative research path by cumulating mainstream positions while pulses research did not meet the same success. This attempt to unpack research lock-in for evaluating the competition dynamics of scientific fields over time calls for future works, by strengthening the method and testing it on other research fields.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Lock-in and path-dependency are well-known concepts in economics dealing with unbalanced development of alternative options. Lock-in was studied in various sectors, considering production or consumption sides. Lock-in in academic research went little addressed. Yet, science develops through knowledge accumulation and cross-fertilisation of research topics, that could lead to similar phenomena when some topics do not sufficiently benefit from accumulation mechanisms, reducing innovation opportunities from the concerned field consequently. We introduce an original method to explore these phenomena by comparing topic trajectories in research fields according to strong or weak accumulative processes over time. We combine the concepts of ‘niche’ and ‘mainstream’ from transition studies with scientometric tools to revisit Callon’s strategic diagram with a diachronic perspective of topic clusters over time. Considering the trajectories of semantic clusters, derived from titles and authors’ keywords extracted from scholarly publications in the Web of Science, we applied our method to two competing research fields in food sciences and technology related to pulses and soya over the last 60 years worldwide. These highly interesting species for the sustainability of agrifood systems experienced unbalanced development and thus is under-debated. Our analysis confirms that food research for soya was more dynamic than for pulses: soya topic clusters revealed a stronger accumulative research path by cumulating mainstream positions while pulses research did not meet the same success. This attempt to unpack research lock-in for evaluating the competition dynamics of scientific fields over time calls for future works, by strengthening the method and testing it on other research fields.
Conferences
7.
Bordignon, Frédérique; Boukacem-Zeghmouri, Chérifa
Quelle place les rapports AERES et HCERES font-ils à la Science Ouverte ? Réponses par une analyse textométrique (2009-2021) Conference
8è conférence Document Numérique et Société 2022, (hal-03700661).
@conference{nokey,
title = {Quelle place les rapports AERES et HCERES font-ils à la Science Ouverte ? Réponses par une analyse textométrique (2009-2021)},
author = {Frédérique Bordignon and Chérifa Boukacem-Zeghmouri},
url = {https://hal.inria.fr/hal-03700661/},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-06-26},
urldate = {2022-06-26},
organization = {8è conférence Document Numérique et Société},
abstract = {Le présent travail propose d’identifier et de mesurer la place que revêtent toutes les formes d’ouverture de la science dans les rapports d’évaluation des entités de recherche produits par l’Agence pour l’Évaluation de la REcherche Scientifique (AERES) puis le Haut Conseil de l'Évaluation de la Recherche et de l’Enseignement Supérieur (HCERES), sur plus d’une décennie (2009-2021). Ce travail exploite un matériau et des métadonnées peu traitées et en livre par la même occasion le potentiel, les biais et les limites. Grâce à des outils linguistiques (CorTexT et TXM), nous sondons ce corpus avec l’objectif de représenter son contenu lexical et son évolution. Pour cela, le Thesaurus de la Science ouverte (INIST 2021) a constitué notre base de travail. Nous avons élaboré ensuite une typologie de 7 grandes thématiques qui nous permettent d’aborder l’ouverture en contexte, et en comparaison à d’autres centres/points d’intérêt des rapports d’évaluation : Science Ouverte, Production scientifique, Bibliométrie, Données, Intégrité/éthique, Propriété Intellectuelle, Publiants. En se focalisant précisément sur les rapports qui mentionnent la Science Ouverte et grâce à l’ensemble de nos requêtes pour TXM qui alimentent ce thème, il est possible de révéler en quels termes elle est évoquée. Par ce biais, nous prenons à témoins les écrits évaluatifs des rapports pour mieux comprendre comment les évaluateurs mobilisent et situent les différentes “branches” de la Science Ouverte. Nous montrons alors très clairement que dès l'époque de l'AERES, les évaluateurs s’intéressent en tout premier lieu à l’ouverture de la science par les activités de vulgarisation et médiation scientifique. L’analyse menée ici montre que la transition de l’AERES vers HCERES a produit un recul vis à vis de cette dynamique. La réduction drastique du nombre de pages des rapports a rejailli sur le travail des évaluateurs qui ont fait des arbitrages allant dans le sens d’un “réductionnisme” vers une forme conventionnelle de l’évaluation, qui n’a donc pas été favorable à la qualification de la question de l’ouverture de la science. Pour résumer, nous pouvons énoncer que les rapports de l’AERES plus longs, présentaient le potentiel d’éclairer la décision politique, sans pour autant conduire à un renouvellement des critères d’évaluation. Ceux de l’HCERES, plus courts, échouent à la fois à la décrire et à la prescrire en restant à distance des engagements pris au niveau national et européen.},
note = {hal-03700661},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Le présent travail propose d’identifier et de mesurer la place que revêtent toutes les formes d’ouverture de la science dans les rapports d’évaluation des entités de recherche produits par l’Agence pour l’Évaluation de la REcherche Scientifique (AERES) puis le Haut Conseil de l'Évaluation de la Recherche et de l’Enseignement Supérieur (HCERES), sur plus d’une décennie (2009-2021). Ce travail exploite un matériau et des métadonnées peu traitées et en livre par la même occasion le potentiel, les biais et les limites. Grâce à des outils linguistiques (CorTexT et TXM), nous sondons ce corpus avec l’objectif de représenter son contenu lexical et son évolution. Pour cela, le Thesaurus de la Science ouverte (INIST 2021) a constitué notre base de travail. Nous avons élaboré ensuite une typologie de 7 grandes thématiques qui nous permettent d’aborder l’ouverture en contexte, et en comparaison à d’autres centres/points d’intérêt des rapports d’évaluation : Science Ouverte, Production scientifique, Bibliométrie, Données, Intégrité/éthique, Propriété Intellectuelle, Publiants. En se focalisant précisément sur les rapports qui mentionnent la Science Ouverte et grâce à l’ensemble de nos requêtes pour TXM qui alimentent ce thème, il est possible de révéler en quels termes elle est évoquée. Par ce biais, nous prenons à témoins les écrits évaluatifs des rapports pour mieux comprendre comment les évaluateurs mobilisent et situent les différentes “branches” de la Science Ouverte. Nous montrons alors très clairement que dès l'époque de l'AERES, les évaluateurs s’intéressent en tout premier lieu à l’ouverture de la science par les activités de vulgarisation et médiation scientifique. L’analyse menée ici montre que la transition de l’AERES vers HCERES a produit un recul vis à vis de cette dynamique. La réduction drastique du nombre de pages des rapports a rejailli sur le travail des évaluateurs qui ont fait des arbitrages allant dans le sens d’un “réductionnisme” vers une forme conventionnelle de l’évaluation, qui n’a donc pas été favorable à la qualification de la question de l’ouverture de la science. Pour résumer, nous pouvons énoncer que les rapports de l’AERES plus longs, présentaient le potentiel d’éclairer la décision politique, sans pour autant conduire à un renouvellement des critères d’évaluation. Ceux de l’HCERES, plus courts, échouent à la fois à la décrire et à la prescrire en restant à distance des engagements pris au niveau national et européen.
8.
Papazu, Irina; Veng, Adam
Controversy Mapping and the Care for Climate Commons: Re-assembling the Danish Climate Movement by Counter-Mapping Digital Network Maps Conference
DASTS 2022.
@conference{Papazu2022,
title = {Controversy Mapping and the Care for Climate Commons: Re-assembling the Danish Climate Movement by Counter-Mapping Digital Network Maps},
author = {Irina Papazu and Adam Veng},
url = {https://pure.itu.dk/en/publications/controversy-mapping-and-the-care-for-climate-commons-re-assemblin
https://events.au.dk/dasts2022/about},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-06-02},
organization = {DASTS},
school = {Aarhus University},
abstract = {The general electoral campaign in 2019 saw a unifying culmination of the climate activist movement in Denmark, assembling everything from green think tanks, school children and direct-action protest groups, succeeded in conglomerating a forceful public that was later congratulated by the newly elected PM for turning climate into the paramount political issue of the Danish 2019 election. The government has since signed the “most ambitious Climate Act in the world”, including the public engagement initiative of the Climate Citizen Assembly, a group of randomly selected citizens mandated to give recommendations for the parliament’s green politics, and a series of “Climate Partnerships”, cooperative collaborations developing frameworks for businesses to engage in the green transition. Despite these efforts, the climate movement, alongside several scientific experts, has expressed dissatisfaction with the government’s politics on the green agenda, while the government itself maintains that it is upholding an ambitious climate politics.
This paper is based on nine months of mixed-methods research, using the digital tools Hyphe, Gephi and CorText to map the relations between different public Danish actors (informal civil society groups, NGO’s, businesses etc.) and their “matters of concern” (cf. Latour 2004) in the controversy of the Danish green transition. Inspired by literature on counter-mapping data science (Dalton and Stallmann 2018), the study introduces an interventionist methodological experiment in using network maps made with digital methods tools as props for material participation (Marres & Lezeaun 2011) in a workshop setting. As such, the paper seeks to explore how critical discussions of network maps can become a ‘prototype for mobilization’ (cf. Jimenéz 2014) for mapped subjects and entities to collectively evaluate and re-invent both their position in a controversy and their means, methods, and tactics for obtaining public impact. This methodological experiment is framed through a discussion of the experience of participation (Kelty 2018) and ethical attunement and world-building among activists (Zigon 2018), and argues for the potentials for collaborative methods and interventionist use of digital cartography in the field of controversy mapping in relation to the green transition.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
The general electoral campaign in 2019 saw a unifying culmination of the climate activist movement in Denmark, assembling everything from green think tanks, school children and direct-action protest groups, succeeded in conglomerating a forceful public that was later congratulated by the newly elected PM for turning climate into the paramount political issue of the Danish 2019 election. The government has since signed the “most ambitious Climate Act in the world”, including the public engagement initiative of the Climate Citizen Assembly, a group of randomly selected citizens mandated to give recommendations for the parliament’s green politics, and a series of “Climate Partnerships”, cooperative collaborations developing frameworks for businesses to engage in the green transition. Despite these efforts, the climate movement, alongside several scientific experts, has expressed dissatisfaction with the government’s politics on the green agenda, while the government itself maintains that it is upholding an ambitious climate politics.
This paper is based on nine months of mixed-methods research, using the digital tools Hyphe, Gephi and CorText to map the relations between different public Danish actors (informal civil society groups, NGO’s, businesses etc.) and their “matters of concern” (cf. Latour 2004) in the controversy of the Danish green transition. Inspired by literature on counter-mapping data science (Dalton and Stallmann 2018), the study introduces an interventionist methodological experiment in using network maps made with digital methods tools as props for material participation (Marres & Lezeaun 2011) in a workshop setting. As such, the paper seeks to explore how critical discussions of network maps can become a ‘prototype for mobilization’ (cf. Jimenéz 2014) for mapped subjects and entities to collectively evaluate and re-invent both their position in a controversy and their means, methods, and tactics for obtaining public impact. This methodological experiment is framed through a discussion of the experience of participation (Kelty 2018) and ethical attunement and world-building among activists (Zigon 2018), and argues for the potentials for collaborative methods and interventionist use of digital cartography in the field of controversy mapping in relation to the green transition.
This paper is based on nine months of mixed-methods research, using the digital tools Hyphe, Gephi and CorText to map the relations between different public Danish actors (informal civil society groups, NGO’s, businesses etc.) and their “matters of concern” (cf. Latour 2004) in the controversy of the Danish green transition. Inspired by literature on counter-mapping data science (Dalton and Stallmann 2018), the study introduces an interventionist methodological experiment in using network maps made with digital methods tools as props for material participation (Marres & Lezeaun 2011) in a workshop setting. As such, the paper seeks to explore how critical discussions of network maps can become a ‘prototype for mobilization’ (cf. Jimenéz 2014) for mapped subjects and entities to collectively evaluate and re-invent both their position in a controversy and their means, methods, and tactics for obtaining public impact. This methodological experiment is framed through a discussion of the experience of participation (Kelty 2018) and ethical attunement and world-building among activists (Zigon 2018), and argues for the potentials for collaborative methods and interventionist use of digital cartography in the field of controversy mapping in relation to the green transition.
PhD Theses
9.
McIlwaine, Neil
A market analysis of customer-connected mass energy storage PhD Thesis
2022, (EThOS ID: uk.bl.ethos.854974).
@phdthesis{nokey,
title = {A market analysis of customer-connected mass energy storage},
author = {Neil McIlwaine},
url = {https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.854974
https://pure.qub.ac.uk/files/320007520/Thesis_Neil_McIlwaine_rev_33rev1_NMC.pdf},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-06-01},
urldate = {2022-06-01},
institution = {Queen's University Belfast},
abstract = {The electricity operators on the island of Ireland have policy objectives to generate at least 70% of electricity from renewable sources by 2030. The source of this renewable power will mainly be wind and storage is needed to facilitate this transition. However, to date the roll out and market uptake of storage has been slow in the Irish grid. Therefore, this research undertook a market analysis of the technical and economic value of distributed mass energy storage to examine storage considering these targets. The research uses the Irish market as a case study with specific modelling on the Northern Ireland system which is a subset of the overall market. The modelling and the results of the research are applicable and relevant to all regions which operate with a high share of renewables. The research had four parts. In part 1, a global techno-economic review of the status of energy storage and power quality services focusing on ten countries with differing political, social, and economic trends was undertaken. This led to a combined strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) appraisal informed by the data and information from the ten countries response to embedded and distributed renewable generation and storage. The SWOT analysis is then coupled to a Pugh chart to indicate optimal concept choice in the later analyses. Then in part 2, a gap analysis of the ten countries to determine the frameworks and approaches used to regulate, plan, and operate retail electricity markets was carried out in order to inform the modelling. Next in part 3, a suite of financial models was developed to quantify the market revenue available for battery storage investment that could provide ancillary services, network congestion relief and response to local system events. Then a dynamic economic dispatch model in MATLAB was developed to test the economic production schedule with and without battery storage and a unit commitment model was developed to determine the costs of providing system reserve using fossil fuel generation so a comparison could be made in the scenario where the reserve is provided by battery storage. The key finding is that the revenue available from the current schemes are insufficient to attract investment in energy storage. It is recommended that system operators reform the existing schemes, design new schemes and look to the wider benefits that energy storage brings to fossil fuels generation. Finally, in part 4, a unit commitment wholesale electricity market model of the SEM focusing on the Northern Ireland system was developed in Energy Exemplar's PLEXOS for Power Systems. It makes for an interesting case study for other jurisdictions as it is an electrically isolated grid with limited interconnection and storage but operating with a high share of renewables. Here four combinations of wind generation and load were assessed to measure the effect of varying levels of battery storage. The benefits of storage were clearly demonstrated with reductions in emission levels and generation costs, load smoothing, ramping reduction, reduced maintenance and reduced curtailment of renewables. For example, the monthly model run with 300 MW of battery storage at 70% SNSP resulted in a generation cost decrease of £500k, an emission decrease of 28k tonnes CO2, and total ramping decrease of 478 hours compared to the no storage scenario. Currently revenue streams for provision of these benefits associated with generation and demonstrated by the modelling do not exist. Therefore, it is recommended that these services are properly valued in order to attract future investment. Overall, this research clearly demonstrates the gap that exists between the positive benefits of battery storage and the less than adequate revenue being pitched to attract investment into technology to achieve climate change targets with recommendations made to address this based on the findings. In fact, an optimum level of storage exists which is dependent on demand and wind generation. The research in this thesis indicates this level to be between 200 MW and 300 MW. A report published in the year 2021 by the system operator stated an expected storage in Northern Ireland of 200 MW by 2030. Therefore, this expected storage rating needs revised based on the results of the research. The key recommendation is that the regulators and the grid operators urgently revisit the current schemes and restructure them otherwise we may have power quality and supply issues into the future as current fossil fuel, mainly gas generators are mothballed. },
note = {EThOS ID: uk.bl.ethos.854974},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
The electricity operators on the island of Ireland have policy objectives to generate at least 70% of electricity from renewable sources by 2030. The source of this renewable power will mainly be wind and storage is needed to facilitate this transition. However, to date the roll out and market uptake of storage has been slow in the Irish grid. Therefore, this research undertook a market analysis of the technical and economic value of distributed mass energy storage to examine storage considering these targets. The research uses the Irish market as a case study with specific modelling on the Northern Ireland system which is a subset of the overall market. The modelling and the results of the research are applicable and relevant to all regions which operate with a high share of renewables. The research had four parts. In part 1, a global techno-economic review of the status of energy storage and power quality services focusing on ten countries with differing political, social, and economic trends was undertaken. This led to a combined strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) appraisal informed by the data and information from the ten countries response to embedded and distributed renewable generation and storage. The SWOT analysis is then coupled to a Pugh chart to indicate optimal concept choice in the later analyses. Then in part 2, a gap analysis of the ten countries to determine the frameworks and approaches used to regulate, plan, and operate retail electricity markets was carried out in order to inform the modelling. Next in part 3, a suite of financial models was developed to quantify the market revenue available for battery storage investment that could provide ancillary services, network congestion relief and response to local system events. Then a dynamic economic dispatch model in MATLAB was developed to test the economic production schedule with and without battery storage and a unit commitment model was developed to determine the costs of providing system reserve using fossil fuel generation so a comparison could be made in the scenario where the reserve is provided by battery storage. The key finding is that the revenue available from the current schemes are insufficient to attract investment in energy storage. It is recommended that system operators reform the existing schemes, design new schemes and look to the wider benefits that energy storage brings to fossil fuels generation. Finally, in part 4, a unit commitment wholesale electricity market model of the SEM focusing on the Northern Ireland system was developed in Energy Exemplar's PLEXOS for Power Systems. It makes for an interesting case study for other jurisdictions as it is an electrically isolated grid with limited interconnection and storage but operating with a high share of renewables. Here four combinations of wind generation and load were assessed to measure the effect of varying levels of battery storage. The benefits of storage were clearly demonstrated with reductions in emission levels and generation costs, load smoothing, ramping reduction, reduced maintenance and reduced curtailment of renewables. For example, the monthly model run with 300 MW of battery storage at 70% SNSP resulted in a generation cost decrease of £500k, an emission decrease of 28k tonnes CO2, and total ramping decrease of 478 hours compared to the no storage scenario. Currently revenue streams for provision of these benefits associated with generation and demonstrated by the modelling do not exist. Therefore, it is recommended that these services are properly valued in order to attract future investment. Overall, this research clearly demonstrates the gap that exists between the positive benefits of battery storage and the less than adequate revenue being pitched to attract investment into technology to achieve climate change targets with recommendations made to address this based on the findings. In fact, an optimum level of storage exists which is dependent on demand and wind generation. The research in this thesis indicates this level to be between 200 MW and 300 MW. A report published in the year 2021 by the system operator stated an expected storage in Northern Ireland of 200 MW by 2030. Therefore, this expected storage rating needs revised based on the results of the research. The key recommendation is that the regulators and the grid operators urgently revisit the current schemes and restructure them otherwise we may have power quality and supply issues into the future as current fossil fuel, mainly gas generators are mothballed.
2021
Journal Articles
10.
Jaramillo, Andres F. Moreno; Laverty, David M.; Morrow, D. John; del Rincon, Jesús Martinez; Foley, Aoife M.
Load modelling and non-intrusive load monitoring to integrate distributed energy resources in low and medium voltage networks Journal Article
In: Renewable Energy, vol. 179, pp. 445-466, 2021, ISSN: 0960-1481.
@article{Jaramillo2021,
title = {Load modelling and non-intrusive load monitoring to integrate distributed energy resources in low and medium voltage networks},
author = {Andres F. Moreno Jaramillo and David M. Laverty and D. John Morrow and Jesús Martinez del Rincon and Aoife M. Foley},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148121010612},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.07.056},
issn = {0960-1481},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-12-01},
urldate = {2021-12-01},
journal = {Renewable Energy},
volume = {179},
pages = {445-466},
abstract = {In many countries distributed energy resources (DER) (e.g. photovoltaics, batteries, wind turbines, electric vehicles, electric heat pumps, air-conditioning units and smart domestic appliances) are part of the ‘Green Deal’ to deliver a climate neutral society. Policy roadmaps, despite providing a framework and penetration targets for DER, often lack the network planning strategies needed to transition from passive to active distribution networks. Currently, DER's dynamic performance parameters and location identification techniques are not fully standardised. In fact, it can be very ad hoc. Standardised distributed load modelling and non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) for equipment manufacturers, installers and network operators is critical to low and medium voltage network management in order to facilitate better balancing, flexibility and electricity trading across and within the power system for mass DER deployment. The aim of this paper is to fill this load modelling and NILM knowledge gap for DERto inform the ‘Green Deal’ transition and support standardisation. In the paper, existing load modelling techniques and NILM methodologies are critically examined to inform and guide research activity, equipment development and regulator thinking, as well as network operators. Seven key findings that need urgent attention are identified to support a smooth power system reconfiguration.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In many countries distributed energy resources (DER) (e.g. photovoltaics, batteries, wind turbines, electric vehicles, electric heat pumps, air-conditioning units and smart domestic appliances) are part of the ‘Green Deal’ to deliver a climate neutral society. Policy roadmaps, despite providing a framework and penetration targets for DER, often lack the network planning strategies needed to transition from passive to active distribution networks. Currently, DER's dynamic performance parameters and location identification techniques are not fully standardised. In fact, it can be very ad hoc. Standardised distributed load modelling and non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) for equipment manufacturers, installers and network operators is critical to low and medium voltage network management in order to facilitate better balancing, flexibility and electricity trading across and within the power system for mass DER deployment. The aim of this paper is to fill this load modelling and NILM knowledge gap for DERto inform the ‘Green Deal’ transition and support standardisation. In the paper, existing load modelling techniques and NILM methodologies are critically examined to inform and guide research activity, equipment development and regulator thinking, as well as network operators. Seven key findings that need urgent attention are identified to support a smooth power system reconfiguration.
11.
Barrella, Walter; R, Deborah Ferraz
Scient metrics analysis of mangrove studies from 1980 to 2020 Journal Article
In: Journal of Aquaculture & Marine Biology, vol. 10, iss. 4, pp. 188-192, 2021, ISSN: 2378-3184.
@article{Barrella2021,
title = {Scient metrics analysis of mangrove studies from 1980 to 2020 },
author = {Walter Barrella and Deborah Ferraz R},
url = {https://medcraveonline.com/JAMB/scient-metrics-analysis-of-mangrove-studies-from-1980-to-2020.html},
doi = {10.15406/jamb.2021.10.00320},
issn = {2378-3184},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-09-28},
urldate = {2021-09-28},
journal = {Journal of Aquaculture & Marine Biology},
volume = {10},
issue = {4},
pages = {188-192},
abstract = {Mangroves are complex transition ecosystems studied and affected by human activities.. This work sought information on articles in scientific journals related to environmental impacts and their forms of management and restoration and those focused on biodiversity conservation. To answer this question, we developed this work based on a scient metric survey of production with a focus on impacts and environmental and Biodiversity responses on mangroves in the last forty years (1980 to 2020), comparing mainly the global scientific production and the production in America, listing areas of research concentration, and journal, period, country and region of publication of papers. With this survey, we could observe a standardization of the research classification area and publication periods, although checking the journals found a great variety of these. As for the regionalization of studies, we could observe that, globally, the region that most contributes to the advancement in this theme is Asia; however, the country that collaborates the most, in isolation, is the United States. Although there is a diversification regarding the specific theme, the scientific production on mangroves with an environmental focus and in Biodiversity followed a global pattern in the studied period.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mangroves are complex transition ecosystems studied and affected by human activities.. This work sought information on articles in scientific journals related to environmental impacts and their forms of management and restoration and those focused on biodiversity conservation. To answer this question, we developed this work based on a scient metric survey of production with a focus on impacts and environmental and Biodiversity responses on mangroves in the last forty years (1980 to 2020), comparing mainly the global scientific production and the production in America, listing areas of research concentration, and journal, period, country and region of publication of papers. With this survey, we could observe a standardization of the research classification area and publication periods, although checking the journals found a great variety of these. As for the regionalization of studies, we could observe that, globally, the region that most contributes to the advancement in this theme is Asia; however, the country that collaborates the most, in isolation, is the United States. Although there is a diversification regarding the specific theme, the scientific production on mangroves with an environmental focus and in Biodiversity followed a global pattern in the studied period.
12.
Lowans, Christopher; Rio, Dylan Furszyfer Del; Sovacool, Benjamin K.; Rooney, David; Foley, Aoife M.
What is the state of the art in energy and transport poverty metrics? A critical and comprehensive review Journal Article
In: Energy Economics, vol. 101, pp. 105360, 2021, ISSN: 0140-9883.
@article{Lowans2021,
title = {What is the state of the art in energy and transport poverty metrics? A critical and comprehensive review},
author = {Christopher Lowans and Dylan Furszyfer Del Rio and Benjamin K. Sovacool and David Rooney and Aoife M. Foley},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988321002668},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105360},
issn = {0140-9883},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-09-01},
urldate = {2021-09-01},
journal = {Energy Economics},
volume = {101},
pages = {105360},
abstract = {This review investigates the state of the art in metrics used in energy (or fuel) and transport poverty with a view to assessing how these overlapping concepts may be unified in their measurement. Our review contributes to ongoing debates over decarbonisation, a politically sensitive and crucial aspect of the energy transition, and one that could exacerbate patterns of inequality or vulnerability. Up to 125 million people across the European Union experience the effects of energy poverty in their daily lives. A more comprehensive understanding of the breadth and depth of these conditions is therefore paramount. This review assessed 1,134 articles and critically analysed a deeper sample of 93. In terms of the use of metrics, we find that multiple indicators are better than any single metric or composite. We find work remains to be conducted in the transport poverty sphere before energy poverty metrics can be fully unified with those of transport poverty, namely the stipulation of travel standards. Without such standards, our ability to unify the metrics of both fields and potentially alleviate both conditions simultaneously is limited. The difficulties in defining necessary travel necessitate the further use of vulnerability lenses and holistic assessments focused on energy and transport services.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This review investigates the state of the art in metrics used in energy (or fuel) and transport poverty with a view to assessing how these overlapping concepts may be unified in their measurement. Our review contributes to ongoing debates over decarbonisation, a politically sensitive and crucial aspect of the energy transition, and one that could exacerbate patterns of inequality or vulnerability. Up to 125 million people across the European Union experience the effects of energy poverty in their daily lives. A more comprehensive understanding of the breadth and depth of these conditions is therefore paramount. This review assessed 1,134 articles and critically analysed a deeper sample of 93. In terms of the use of metrics, we find that multiple indicators are better than any single metric or composite. We find work remains to be conducted in the transport poverty sphere before energy poverty metrics can be fully unified with those of transport poverty, namely the stipulation of travel standards. Without such standards, our ability to unify the metrics of both fields and potentially alleviate both conditions simultaneously is limited. The difficulties in defining necessary travel necessitate the further use of vulnerability lenses and holistic assessments focused on energy and transport services.
13.
Stephens, Raphaël; Barbier, Marc
In: Journal of Rural Studies, vol. 82, pp. 366 - 379, 2021, ISSN: 0743-0167.
@article{Stephens2021,
title = {Digital fooding, cashless marketplaces and reconnection in intermediated third places: Conceptualizing metropolitan food provision in the age of prosumption},
author = {Raphaël Stephens and Marc Barbier},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0743016720317058},
doi = {10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.11.009},
issn = {0743-0167},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-02-01},
urldate = {2021-02-01},
journal = {Journal of Rural Studies},
volume = {82},
pages = {366 - 379},
abstract = {This article adopts the concept of prosumption in order to better understand the array of contemporary food sustainability transition initiatives that often come under the umbrella term of Alternative Food Networks (AFNs). AFNs have developed in parallel to prosumption, which is significant because AFNs are oriented towards localized and direct relationships between producers and consumers, while prosumption explains the hybridization of the consumer into a more complex and productive actor. Scholars argue that producer-consumer reconnections enable greater transparency and information exchange between the two types of actors. In addition, digitalization has recently brought new perspectives for both prosumption and AFN research. We explain the digital food prosumption phenomenon by drawing upon several years of research on an alternative food network with strong digital focus – La Ruche qui dit Oui!. As a decentralized network of local food operations that converge around a digital platform, it provides innovative virtual-material mediations between producers and consumers. This suggests that increasingly, consumers may be getting more deeply engaged in the (co-)production of commodities across different sectors and activities. Thus, while the prosumption and AFN literatures have mostly existed in parallel, future efforts should be made to intersect these two areas of sociological research. This is particularly pertinent today, as both prosumption and AFN phenomena are now increasingly mediated by powerful digital technologies. In the digital age, the alternative food prosumer phenomenon may well contribute to reconfiguring global food flows and industrial cultures towards sustainability.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article adopts the concept of prosumption in order to better understand the array of contemporary food sustainability transition initiatives that often come under the umbrella term of Alternative Food Networks (AFNs). AFNs have developed in parallel to prosumption, which is significant because AFNs are oriented towards localized and direct relationships between producers and consumers, while prosumption explains the hybridization of the consumer into a more complex and productive actor. Scholars argue that producer-consumer reconnections enable greater transparency and information exchange between the two types of actors. In addition, digitalization has recently brought new perspectives for both prosumption and AFN research. We explain the digital food prosumption phenomenon by drawing upon several years of research on an alternative food network with strong digital focus – La Ruche qui dit Oui!. As a decentralized network of local food operations that converge around a digital platform, it provides innovative virtual-material mediations between producers and consumers. This suggests that increasingly, consumers may be getting more deeply engaged in the (co-)production of commodities across different sectors and activities. Thus, while the prosumption and AFN literatures have mostly existed in parallel, future efforts should be made to intersect these two areas of sociological research. This is particularly pertinent today, as both prosumption and AFN phenomena are now increasingly mediated by powerful digital technologies. In the digital age, the alternative food prosumer phenomenon may well contribute to reconfiguring global food flows and industrial cultures towards sustainability.
2020
Journal Articles
14.
Marvuglia, Antonino; Havinga, Lisanne; Heidrich, Oliver; Fonseca, Jimeno; Gaitanie, Niki; Reckien, Diana
Advances and challenges in assessing urban sustainability: an advanced bibliometric review Journal Article
In: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2020.
@article{Marvuglia2020,
title = {Advances and challenges in assessing urban sustainability: an advanced bibliometric review},
author = {Antonino Marvuglia and Lisanne Havinga and Oliver Heidrich and Jimeno Fonseca and Niki Gaitanie and Diana Reckien},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.109788},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-03-06},
urldate = {2020-03-06},
journal = {Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews},
abstract = {With nearly 70% of the world population expected to live in cities by 2050, assessing the sustainability of urban systems, both existing and future ones, is becoming increasingly relevant. Making cities more sustainable is a global priority, which is highlighted by ‘Sustainable Cities and Communities’ being listed as one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) adopted by United Nations Member States in 2015. This Virtual Special Issue (VSI) explores the implementation and assessment of policies and technologies that contribute to the transition to a sustainable, energy efficient and regenerative society. We organized the issue according to four main research themes: 1) Renewable Energy Systems (i.e., different types of systems, qualitative assessments and public acceptance); 2) Sustainable Built Environment (which includes construction, operation and refurbishment); 3) Multi-Scale Models (considering urban sustainability transition from building to districts, or cities and regions to multi-country comparisons and their scaling across different countries); and 4) Governance and Policy (climate change mitigation and adaptation plans/policies that are reported across countries, urban services and infrastructures).
This paper serves two purposes. The first is to provide an analysis about patterns, correlations and synergies found across the different topics that have been addressed over the last 20 years in the literature about cities’ sustainability paths. A bibliometric analysis and a contingency matrix show the degree of correlation between scientific journals and main topics addressed by published articles. Secondly, the paper acts as an Editorial to the VSI, introducing the wealth of research articles and topics included in it. Both the bibliometric analysis and the papers published in this VSI demonstrate the interconnectedness of energy consumption, pollutant emissions and the competition for finite resources. The aim is to present advances and challenges of this exciting and ever-evolving research field to inform and guide future studies of urban sustainability.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
With nearly 70% of the world population expected to live in cities by 2050, assessing the sustainability of urban systems, both existing and future ones, is becoming increasingly relevant. Making cities more sustainable is a global priority, which is highlighted by ‘Sustainable Cities and Communities’ being listed as one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) adopted by United Nations Member States in 2015. This Virtual Special Issue (VSI) explores the implementation and assessment of policies and technologies that contribute to the transition to a sustainable, energy efficient and regenerative society. We organized the issue according to four main research themes: 1) Renewable Energy Systems (i.e., different types of systems, qualitative assessments and public acceptance); 2) Sustainable Built Environment (which includes construction, operation and refurbishment); 3) Multi-Scale Models (considering urban sustainability transition from building to districts, or cities and regions to multi-country comparisons and their scaling across different countries); and 4) Governance and Policy (climate change mitigation and adaptation plans/policies that are reported across countries, urban services and infrastructures).
This paper serves two purposes. The first is to provide an analysis about patterns, correlations and synergies found across the different topics that have been addressed over the last 20 years in the literature about cities’ sustainability paths. A bibliometric analysis and a contingency matrix show the degree of correlation between scientific journals and main topics addressed by published articles. Secondly, the paper acts as an Editorial to the VSI, introducing the wealth of research articles and topics included in it. Both the bibliometric analysis and the papers published in this VSI demonstrate the interconnectedness of energy consumption, pollutant emissions and the competition for finite resources. The aim is to present advances and challenges of this exciting and ever-evolving research field to inform and guide future studies of urban sustainability.
This paper serves two purposes. The first is to provide an analysis about patterns, correlations and synergies found across the different topics that have been addressed over the last 20 years in the literature about cities’ sustainability paths. A bibliometric analysis and a contingency matrix show the degree of correlation between scientific journals and main topics addressed by published articles. Secondly, the paper acts as an Editorial to the VSI, introducing the wealth of research articles and topics included in it. Both the bibliometric analysis and the papers published in this VSI demonstrate the interconnectedness of energy consumption, pollutant emissions and the competition for finite resources. The aim is to present advances and challenges of this exciting and ever-evolving research field to inform and guide future studies of urban sustainability.
PhD Theses
15.
Stephens, Raphaël
Circuits alimentaires alternatifs et transition du régime de "provision". Etude sociotechnique dans le contexte francilien. PhD Thesis
Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France, 2020.
@phdthesis{Stephens2020,
title = {Circuits alimentaires alternatifs et transition du régime de "provision". Etude sociotechnique dans le contexte francilien.},
author = {Raphaël Stephens},
url = {https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02889441},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-01},
school = {Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France},
abstract = {Le système alimentaire peut-il changer ? Critiques à l’égard du régime dominant la provision, des phénomènes alternatifs proposent, depuis plus d’une vingtaine d’années, d’améliorer la durabilité, la qualité et la transparence de la provision alimentaire en raccourcissant les liens entre producteurs et consommateurs. Les discours, les pratiques et les innovations de ces Alternative Food Networks (« AFN ») génèrent, à travers leurs multiples oppositions aux logiques du régime de provision alimentaire industriel, des frictions chez celui-ci. A l’aune de l’essor spectaculaire d’une variété assez hétéroclite d’AFN ces dernières années, ce régime développe crescendo des questionnements et des prises sur l’alimentation locale. La théorisation de ces frictions peut bénéficier avantageusement de l'approche multi-niveaux (Multi Level Perspective, ou « MLP »), cadre théorique et méthodologique de recherche en étude des transitions qui permet une lecture évolutionniste des régimes sociotechniques, notamment dans leurs rapports avec les niches d’innovations alternatives. Avec l’appui d’analyses sociohistoriques robustes et un travail de terrain, il est alors possible de réfléchir les modalités d’une transition du régime de provision alimentaire par le raccourcissement des relations entre producteurs et mangeurs.La thèse propose alors deux focales d’analyse : le régime de provision alimentaire ; et les réseaux alimentaires alternatifs. Elle fait appel à une méthodologie composite adressant des données de natures hétérogènes tirées de terrains distribués : analyse discursive par lexicométrie, analyse de traces numériques, étude d’agencements institutionnels, entretiens approfondis, observations de type ethnographique. A la recherche d’une théorisation de moyenne portée, la thèse cible, dans leurs questionnements locaux, des acteurs-clés représentatifs de plusieurs compétences du régime de provision : distribution ; filière fruits et légumes ; salons alimentaires. Les objets alternatifs étudiés rendent compte d’une multiplicité de formes d’existence. Parce-que ces alternatives sont partiellement imbriquées avec certains dispositifs du régime dominant, cela conduit la thèse vers l’étude approfondie de l’une d’entre elles, très particulière du fait :(i) de son architecture se trouvant à la croisée des alternatives alimentaires et de réseaux numériques-matériels portés par des plateformes technologiques, et (ii) d’une qualité de données assez inédite.A partir de cette approche empirique distribuée, la thèse contribue à la caractérisation d’une transition vers un régime de provision numérique-matériel axé sur la prosumption par customisation transparente. Présentant la fin des années 2000 comme point d’inflexion du régime, la conjonction d’une crise de modèle de provision avec l’explosion du numérique accompagné d'un foisonnement continu de revendications et de pratiques alternatives, semblent en mesure d’accélérer un chemin de transition par reconfiguration du régime. Les prémices de cette reconfiguration se manifestent à travers de multiples évolutions discursives observées au sein du régime, ainsi que dans l’incorporation et l’agencement, en son sein, de phénomènes alternatifs qui participent crescendo à la caractérisation de nouvelles priorités qui redéfinissent les spécifications des aliments, les pratiques de provision, et les flux de provision. La valeur accrue de produits alimentaires enrichis de nouvelles spécifications alternatives véhiculées au travers de nouvelles proximités virtuelles et matérielles intiment ainsi au régime des interrogations sur le potentiel que présente le raccourcissement. Effectuant une confluence de trois champs d’études (transitions ; alternatives alimentaires ; prosumption) relativement peu liés jusque lors, la thèse ouvre ainsi des perspectives de recherche sur les capacités de tels marchés raccourcis à capter l’attention de prosumers alimentaires eux-aussi en plein essor.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
Le système alimentaire peut-il changer ? Critiques à l’égard du régime dominant la provision, des phénomènes alternatifs proposent, depuis plus d’une vingtaine d’années, d’améliorer la durabilité, la qualité et la transparence de la provision alimentaire en raccourcissant les liens entre producteurs et consommateurs. Les discours, les pratiques et les innovations de ces Alternative Food Networks (« AFN ») génèrent, à travers leurs multiples oppositions aux logiques du régime de provision alimentaire industriel, des frictions chez celui-ci. A l’aune de l’essor spectaculaire d’une variété assez hétéroclite d’AFN ces dernières années, ce régime développe crescendo des questionnements et des prises sur l’alimentation locale. La théorisation de ces frictions peut bénéficier avantageusement de l'approche multi-niveaux (Multi Level Perspective, ou « MLP »), cadre théorique et méthodologique de recherche en étude des transitions qui permet une lecture évolutionniste des régimes sociotechniques, notamment dans leurs rapports avec les niches d’innovations alternatives. Avec l’appui d’analyses sociohistoriques robustes et un travail de terrain, il est alors possible de réfléchir les modalités d’une transition du régime de provision alimentaire par le raccourcissement des relations entre producteurs et mangeurs.La thèse propose alors deux focales d’analyse : le régime de provision alimentaire ; et les réseaux alimentaires alternatifs. Elle fait appel à une méthodologie composite adressant des données de natures hétérogènes tirées de terrains distribués : analyse discursive par lexicométrie, analyse de traces numériques, étude d’agencements institutionnels, entretiens approfondis, observations de type ethnographique. A la recherche d’une théorisation de moyenne portée, la thèse cible, dans leurs questionnements locaux, des acteurs-clés représentatifs de plusieurs compétences du régime de provision : distribution ; filière fruits et légumes ; salons alimentaires. Les objets alternatifs étudiés rendent compte d’une multiplicité de formes d’existence. Parce-que ces alternatives sont partiellement imbriquées avec certains dispositifs du régime dominant, cela conduit la thèse vers l’étude approfondie de l’une d’entre elles, très particulière du fait :(i) de son architecture se trouvant à la croisée des alternatives alimentaires et de réseaux numériques-matériels portés par des plateformes technologiques, et (ii) d’une qualité de données assez inédite.A partir de cette approche empirique distribuée, la thèse contribue à la caractérisation d’une transition vers un régime de provision numérique-matériel axé sur la prosumption par customisation transparente. Présentant la fin des années 2000 comme point d’inflexion du régime, la conjonction d’une crise de modèle de provision avec l’explosion du numérique accompagné d'un foisonnement continu de revendications et de pratiques alternatives, semblent en mesure d’accélérer un chemin de transition par reconfiguration du régime. Les prémices de cette reconfiguration se manifestent à travers de multiples évolutions discursives observées au sein du régime, ainsi que dans l’incorporation et l’agencement, en son sein, de phénomènes alternatifs qui participent crescendo à la caractérisation de nouvelles priorités qui redéfinissent les spécifications des aliments, les pratiques de provision, et les flux de provision. La valeur accrue de produits alimentaires enrichis de nouvelles spécifications alternatives véhiculées au travers de nouvelles proximités virtuelles et matérielles intiment ainsi au régime des interrogations sur le potentiel que présente le raccourcissement. Effectuant une confluence de trois champs d’études (transitions ; alternatives alimentaires ; prosumption) relativement peu liés jusque lors, la thèse ouvre ainsi des perspectives de recherche sur les capacités de tels marchés raccourcis à capter l’attention de prosumers alimentaires eux-aussi en plein essor.
2019
PhD Theses
16.
Perruchas, François
Green Innovation: an empirical analysis of technology, skills and policy PhD Thesis
Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria del Disseny , 2019.
@phdthesis{Perruchas2019,
title = {Green Innovation: an empirical analysis of technology, skills and policy},
author = {François Perruchas},
url = {https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/119965},
doi = {10.4995/Thesis/10251/119965},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-05-22},
urldate = {2019-05-22},
school = {Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria del Disseny },
abstract = {The foreseeable outcomes of the transition towards low-carbon economies are multiple and affect in different ways policy-makers, world regions, firms and consumers. It has long been acknowledged that at the core of this transition stand environmental innovations which are developed to enhance the long-term sustainability of economic growth. The main pillars of this study are two. First, environmental challenges are different, and so are the responses that are needed to tackle them. The main consequence of this is that the current focus on green technology as a homogeneous block of undifferentiated entities is misleading. Second, the adaptation of production and distribution systems is ultimately carried through by human labour and analysing the transition to environmentally sustainable societies requires a thorough understanding of how work activities are designed, implemented and changed to accommodate new policy imperatives and/or new technological opportunities. Empirical evidence on either of these two pillars is scant or fragmented. The present thesis seeks to fill these gaps through the development of a database on green innovations, of a measure of the life cycle of green technologies, and of the corresponding explorations to scrutinize the relation between green technology production, the territories' characteristics and skills' base of labour market over time and space. The dataset is created identifying green patent in PATSTAT 2016a database using ENV-TECH classification (OECD, 2016) and geolocalizing their inventors. The result is a database covering green innovation worldwide from the 19$^{th}$ century to 2015, even if the period studied is smaller: 1970-2010. This dataset permits a first overview of green technologies evolution over time and space, where we can see differences in terms of country evolution and among technologies in terms of complexity, maybe related with the presence of an heteregeneous body of emerging and mature technologies. To explore further this hypothesis, we develop a methodology to measure technology life cycle stages, and we apply it to understand the patterns of evolution of green technology production at country level. We find that capabilities are more important than wealth to diversify in green innovation, and mature green technologies are positively associated with specialization. We continue the exploration of the relation between local capabilities, life cycle and patent activity in US federal states where we discover that green innovation is more associated than innovation in general with the recombination of distant knowledge, especially in early phases of the life cycle. Finally, we investigate at US commuting zones level the effects of public procurement on green innovation, taking into account local capabilities again, but using labour market skills instead of knowledge recombination variety. We find that green public procurement has a positive and significant effect, in particular in territories with an important share of abstract skills in labour population.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
The foreseeable outcomes of the transition towards low-carbon economies are multiple and affect in different ways policy-makers, world regions, firms and consumers. It has long been acknowledged that at the core of this transition stand environmental innovations which are developed to enhance the long-term sustainability of economic growth. The main pillars of this study are two. First, environmental challenges are different, and so are the responses that are needed to tackle them. The main consequence of this is that the current focus on green technology as a homogeneous block of undifferentiated entities is misleading. Second, the adaptation of production and distribution systems is ultimately carried through by human labour and analysing the transition to environmentally sustainable societies requires a thorough understanding of how work activities are designed, implemented and changed to accommodate new policy imperatives and/or new technological opportunities. Empirical evidence on either of these two pillars is scant or fragmented. The present thesis seeks to fill these gaps through the development of a database on green innovations, of a measure of the life cycle of green technologies, and of the corresponding explorations to scrutinize the relation between green technology production, the territories' characteristics and skills' base of labour market over time and space. The dataset is created identifying green patent in PATSTAT 2016a database using ENV-TECH classification (OECD, 2016) and geolocalizing their inventors. The result is a database covering green innovation worldwide from the 19$^{th}$ century to 2015, even if the period studied is smaller: 1970-2010. This dataset permits a first overview of green technologies evolution over time and space, where we can see differences in terms of country evolution and among technologies in terms of complexity, maybe related with the presence of an heteregeneous body of emerging and mature technologies. To explore further this hypothesis, we develop a methodology to measure technology life cycle stages, and we apply it to understand the patterns of evolution of green technology production at country level. We find that capabilities are more important than wealth to diversify in green innovation, and mature green technologies are positively associated with specialization. We continue the exploration of the relation between local capabilities, life cycle and patent activity in US federal states where we discover that green innovation is more associated than innovation in general with the recombination of distant knowledge, especially in early phases of the life cycle. Finally, we investigate at US commuting zones level the effects of public procurement on green innovation, taking into account local capabilities again, but using labour market skills instead of knowledge recombination variety. We find that green public procurement has a positive and significant effect, in particular in territories with an important share of abstract skills in labour population.
2017
Journal Articles
17.
Prost, Magali; Prost, Lorène; Cerf, Marianne
Les échanges virtuels entre agriculteurs : un soutien à leurs transitions professionnelles ? Journal Article
In: Raisons éducatives, no. 1, pp. 129-154, 2017.
@article{prost2017echanges,
title = {Les échanges virtuels entre agriculteurs : un soutien à leurs transitions professionnelles ?},
author = {Magali Prost and Lorène Prost and Marianne Cerf},
url = {https://www.cairn.info/revue-raisons-educatives-2017-1-page-129.htm},
doi = {10.3917/raised.021.0129},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
urldate = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Raisons éducatives},
number = {1},
pages = {129-154},
publisher = {Université de Genève},
abstract = {Depuis la fin du XXe siècle, le modèle français de production agricole est remis en question : construit pour augmenter la productivité par hectare et par travailleur, il est maintenant reconnu en partie responsable de la dégradation de l’environnement et de la santé des travailleurs agricoles (Meynard, Dedieu, & Bos, 2012 ; Millenium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005). Dans ce contexte, il existe une volonté de promouvoir une agriculture qui permette une production agricole économiquement viable, socialement équitable, et ne nuisant ni à l’environnement ni à la santé. Aller vers une telle agriculture implique de profonds changements, notamment une reconfiguration des situations de travail et des conditions d’exercice des métiers des acteurs du monde agricole, et en particulier des agriculteurs (e.g. Coquil, 2014). En effet, si les agriculteurs ont toujours été confrontés à un environnement de travail ouvert et dynamique (Cerf & Sagory, 2004), la révolution agricole qui a suivi la Seconde Guerre mondiale a cherché à atténuer cette spécificité. L’usage de pesticides, d’engrais chimiques, de l’irrigation, l’amélioration des variétés et leur adaptation à ces produits a permis un contrôle des facteurs de production et l’obtention de rendements stables et élevés. Revenir aujourd’hui à une forme d’agriculture qui favorise des régulations naturelles, dite agroécologique, réexpose les agriculteurs à de l’incertitude, du non-contrôlable, des phénomènes complexes sur lesquels ils ne disposent pas forcément de connaissances stabilisées. Qui plus est, si des connaissances scientifiques existent pour aborder ces questions, elles sont souvent très partielles, et parfois font l’objet de controverses au sein du monde scientifique. Il ne s’agit donc pas, ou pas seulement, de favoriser la transmission de ces connaissances scientifiques. Par ailleurs, même s’il existe des agriculteurs qui ont déjà mis en place une pratique agroécologique, il ne s’agit pas non plus uniquement de transmettre leur expertise à d’autres. Pourquoi ? Parce que tout dépend du projet de vie et de travail de l’agriculteur, des moyens de production dont il dispose, des conditions pédoclimatiques de son exploitation, des possibilités de commercialisation, etc. Pour réussir sa transition professionnelle, chaque agriculteur doit donc revoir en profondeur son activité pour combiner de façon renouvelée son projet, ses moyens de production, ses débouchés, ses modes d’action.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Depuis la fin du XXe siècle, le modèle français de production agricole est remis en question : construit pour augmenter la productivité par hectare et par travailleur, il est maintenant reconnu en partie responsable de la dégradation de l’environnement et de la santé des travailleurs agricoles (Meynard, Dedieu, & Bos, 2012 ; Millenium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005). Dans ce contexte, il existe une volonté de promouvoir une agriculture qui permette une production agricole économiquement viable, socialement équitable, et ne nuisant ni à l’environnement ni à la santé. Aller vers une telle agriculture implique de profonds changements, notamment une reconfiguration des situations de travail et des conditions d’exercice des métiers des acteurs du monde agricole, et en particulier des agriculteurs (e.g. Coquil, 2014). En effet, si les agriculteurs ont toujours été confrontés à un environnement de travail ouvert et dynamique (Cerf & Sagory, 2004), la révolution agricole qui a suivi la Seconde Guerre mondiale a cherché à atténuer cette spécificité. L’usage de pesticides, d’engrais chimiques, de l’irrigation, l’amélioration des variétés et leur adaptation à ces produits a permis un contrôle des facteurs de production et l’obtention de rendements stables et élevés. Revenir aujourd’hui à une forme d’agriculture qui favorise des régulations naturelles, dite agroécologique, réexpose les agriculteurs à de l’incertitude, du non-contrôlable, des phénomènes complexes sur lesquels ils ne disposent pas forcément de connaissances stabilisées. Qui plus est, si des connaissances scientifiques existent pour aborder ces questions, elles sont souvent très partielles, et parfois font l’objet de controverses au sein du monde scientifique. Il ne s’agit donc pas, ou pas seulement, de favoriser la transmission de ces connaissances scientifiques. Par ailleurs, même s’il existe des agriculteurs qui ont déjà mis en place une pratique agroécologique, il ne s’agit pas non plus uniquement de transmettre leur expertise à d’autres. Pourquoi ? Parce que tout dépend du projet de vie et de travail de l’agriculteur, des moyens de production dont il dispose, des conditions pédoclimatiques de son exploitation, des possibilités de commercialisation, etc. Pour réussir sa transition professionnelle, chaque agriculteur doit donc revoir en profondeur son activité pour combiner de façon renouvelée son projet, ses moyens de production, ses débouchés, ses modes d’action.
2016
PhD Theses
18.
Oulion, Marina
The acquisition of technological capabilities by large Chinese industrial companies: between catch-up and engagement in emerging technologies PhD Thesis
LISIS, Paris-Est University, 2016, (HAL Id : tel-01483966 , version 2).
@phdthesis{Oulion2016,
title = {The acquisition of technological capabilities by large Chinese industrial companies: between catch-up and engagement in emerging technologies},
author = {Marina Oulion},
url = {https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01483966},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-09-01},
urldate = {2016-09-01},
school = {LISIS, Paris-Est University},
abstract = {Among the world’s 500 largest firms, one out of five is Chinese. In 2014, 94 Chinese firms were among the world leaders in R&D. Since 2016, China is the first acquirer of foreign firms and is now targeting high-technology firms.These recent developments raise questions about the technological positioning of Chinese firms. Studying this topic requires looking at their conditions of emergence. We can look at China’s development from the perspective of the technological catch-up model (Kim, 1997). China has gone through three phases: a phase of acquisition of foreign technology following the country’s opening in 1978, a period of technological assimilation and production of increasingly complex products, and a period of technological integration characterized by technological improvement and the reconfiguration of existing technologies.The hypothesis we make is that firms are now in the last phase of catch-up, and have entered a period of transition to technology leadership. This leads to two questions. What is Chinese innovation today? This topic broadly refers to innovation in emerging countries. How far are Chinese firms from reaching the technological frontier?We observe the transition through the way major Chinese firms engage in research. The integration of emerging technologies into their research strategies reflect dynamics of technological learning which, if they are not yet visible in the market, indicate a transition. Our results show that the trend is significant, with half of large firms (48%) engaging in nanotechnology research. This proportion indicates that Chinese firms have reached the technological frontier. This, however, does not mean that Chinese firms have reached the frontier in other dimensions, such as the organizational dimension. We also show that there are several modalities of commitment to research. While some large Chine firms engage in research by adopting a model similar to that of American or European firms, other dynamics are at work, which reflect, in particular, their historical legacy, and the impact of their localization.To obtain these results, we have built a unique database of 325 large industrial enterprises, and have looked at their patenting activities in nanotechnology, directly or through their subsidiaries, based on the exploitation of sources in English and Chinese. },
note = {HAL Id : tel-01483966 , version 2},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
Among the world’s 500 largest firms, one out of five is Chinese. In 2014, 94 Chinese firms were among the world leaders in R&D. Since 2016, China is the first acquirer of foreign firms and is now targeting high-technology firms.These recent developments raise questions about the technological positioning of Chinese firms. Studying this topic requires looking at their conditions of emergence. We can look at China’s development from the perspective of the technological catch-up model (Kim, 1997). China has gone through three phases: a phase of acquisition of foreign technology following the country’s opening in 1978, a period of technological assimilation and production of increasingly complex products, and a period of technological integration characterized by technological improvement and the reconfiguration of existing technologies.The hypothesis we make is that firms are now in the last phase of catch-up, and have entered a period of transition to technology leadership. This leads to two questions. What is Chinese innovation today? This topic broadly refers to innovation in emerging countries. How far are Chinese firms from reaching the technological frontier?We observe the transition through the way major Chinese firms engage in research. The integration of emerging technologies into their research strategies reflect dynamics of technological learning which, if they are not yet visible in the market, indicate a transition. Our results show that the trend is significant, with half of large firms (48%) engaging in nanotechnology research. This proportion indicates that Chinese firms have reached the technological frontier. This, however, does not mean that Chinese firms have reached the frontier in other dimensions, such as the organizational dimension. We also show that there are several modalities of commitment to research. While some large Chine firms engage in research by adopting a model similar to that of American or European firms, other dynamics are at work, which reflect, in particular, their historical legacy, and the impact of their localization.To obtain these results, we have built a unique database of 325 large industrial enterprises, and have looked at their patenting activities in nanotechnology, directly or through their subsidiaries, based on the exploitation of sources in English and Chinese.
2015
Journal Articles
19.
Rule, Alix; Cointet, Jean-Philippe; Bearman, Peter
Lexical shifts, substantive changes, and continuity in State of the Union discourse, 1790-2014 Journal Article
In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 112, no. 35, pp. 10837-10844, 2015.
@article{rule2015lexical,
title = {Lexical shifts, substantive changes, and continuity in State of the Union discourse, 1790-2014},
author = {Alix Rule and Jean-Philippe Cointet and Peter Bearman},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1512221112},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.1512221112},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
urldate = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
volume = {112},
number = {35},
pages = {10837-10844},
publisher = {National Acad Sciences},
abstract = {This study reveals that the entry into World War I in 1917 indexed the decisive transition to the modern period in American political consciousness, ushering in new objects of political discourse, a more rapid pace of change of those objects, and a fundamental reframing of the main tasks of governance. We develop a strategy for identifying meaningful categories in textual corpora that span long historic durées, where terms, concepts, and language use changes. Our approach is able to account for the fluidity of discursive categories over time, and to analyze their continuity by identifying the discursive stream as the object of interest.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study reveals that the entry into World War I in 1917 indexed the decisive transition to the modern period in American political consciousness, ushering in new objects of political discourse, a more rapid pace of change of those objects, and a fundamental reframing of the main tasks of governance. We develop a strategy for identifying meaningful categories in textual corpora that span long historic durées, where terms, concepts, and language use changes. Our approach is able to account for the fluidity of discursive categories over time, and to analyze their continuity by identifying the discursive stream as the object of interest.
2013
Journal Articles
20.
Keating, Peter; Cambrosio, Alberto; Nelson, Nicole; Mogoutov, Andrei; Cointet, Jean-Philippe
Therapy’s shadow: a short history of the study of resistance to cancer chemotherapy Journal Article
In: Frontiers in pharmacology, vol. 4, pp. 58, 2013.
@article{keating2013therapy,
title = {Therapy’s shadow: a short history of the study of resistance to cancer chemotherapy},
author = {Peter Keating and Alberto Cambrosio and Nicole Nelson and Andrei Mogoutov and Jean-Philippe Cointet},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2013.00058},
doi = {10.3389/fphar.2013.00058},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
urldate = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Frontiers in pharmacology},
volume = {4},
pages = {58},
publisher = {Frontiers},
abstract = {This article traces the history of research on resistance to drug therapy in oncology using scientometric techniques and qualitative analysis. Using co-citation analysis, we generate maps to visualize subdomains in resistance research in two time periods, 1975–1990 and 1995–2010. These maps reveal two historical trends in resistance research: first, a shift in focus from generic mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy to a focus on resistance to targeted therapies and molecular mechanisms of oncogenesis; and second, a movement away from an almost exclusive reliance on animal and cell models and toward the generation of knowledge about resistance through clinical trial work. A close reading of highly cited articles within each subdomain cluster reveals specific points of transition from one regime to the other, in particular the failure of several promising theories of resistance to be translated into clinical insights and the emergence of interest in resistance to a new generation of targeted agents such as imatinib and trastuzumab. We argue that the study of resistance in the oncology field has thus become more integrated with research into cancer therapy – rather than constituting it as a separate domain of study, as it has done in the past, contemporary research treats resistance as the flip side to treatment, as therapy’s shadow.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article traces the history of research on resistance to drug therapy in oncology using scientometric techniques and qualitative analysis. Using co-citation analysis, we generate maps to visualize subdomains in resistance research in two time periods, 1975–1990 and 1995–2010. These maps reveal two historical trends in resistance research: first, a shift in focus from generic mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy to a focus on resistance to targeted therapies and molecular mechanisms of oncogenesis; and second, a movement away from an almost exclusive reliance on animal and cell models and toward the generation of knowledge about resistance through clinical trial work. A close reading of highly cited articles within each subdomain cluster reveals specific points of transition from one regime to the other, in particular the failure of several promising theories of resistance to be translated into clinical insights and the emergence of interest in resistance to a new generation of targeted agents such as imatinib and trastuzumab. We argue that the study of resistance in the oncology field has thus become more integrated with research into cancer therapy – rather than constituting it as a separate domain of study, as it has done in the past, contemporary research treats resistance as the flip side to treatment, as therapy’s shadow.
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