2020
Online
201.
Laurens, Patricia; Schoen, Antoine; Larédo, Philippe
2020.
@online{nokey,
title = {Policy Brief, Issue 6/International patents: the role of large multinational firms in building competitive metropolitan areas},
author = {Patricia Laurens and Antoine Schoen and Philippe Larédo},
url = {https://zenodo.org/records/4301797},
doi = {/10.5281/zenodo.4301796},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-12-02},
abstract = {Large multinational firms (LMF) play a crucial role in the dynamics of knowledge production worldwide.
The study conducted by Université Eiffel, using inventive activities as a central marker, highlights in particular four major results:
(i) Large groups represent 80% of worldwide international inventive activities and, contrary to many expectations, this role has increased over the last decade.
(ii) Though LMF are present in 60% of inventive metropolitan areas, the top 100 metropolitan areas worldwide concentrate 80% of LMF international patents.
(iii) Large metropolitan areas gather 90% of international patents in Asia, 70% in the US, but only 37% in Europe. Europe has thus a very different structure where inventive activities are more distributed with a central role of medium-size metropolitan areas.
(iv) ‘National’ LMF play a majority role in the overall production of metropolitan areas: over 90% in Asia, and 75% in the US. In Europe, this share is only 57%. This highlights the role of LMF from other European countries (23%) and from outside of Europe (20%).
These four results question research and innovation policies and call for an open debate about their policy-mix and their role in distributive and inclusion objectives.
The study has been conducted, using in an integrated way the three major resources developed within RISIS: CIB dataset on large firms, RISIS patent database on patents, and CORTEXT geolocation on metropolitan areas. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
Large multinational firms (LMF) play a crucial role in the dynamics of knowledge production worldwide.
The study conducted by Université Eiffel, using inventive activities as a central marker, highlights in particular four major results:
(i) Large groups represent 80% of worldwide international inventive activities and, contrary to many expectations, this role has increased over the last decade.
(ii) Though LMF are present in 60% of inventive metropolitan areas, the top 100 metropolitan areas worldwide concentrate 80% of LMF international patents.
(iii) Large metropolitan areas gather 90% of international patents in Asia, 70% in the US, but only 37% in Europe. Europe has thus a very different structure where inventive activities are more distributed with a central role of medium-size metropolitan areas.
(iv) ‘National’ LMF play a majority role in the overall production of metropolitan areas: over 90% in Asia, and 75% in the US. In Europe, this share is only 57%. This highlights the role of LMF from other European countries (23%) and from outside of Europe (20%).
These four results question research and innovation policies and call for an open debate about their policy-mix and their role in distributive and inclusion objectives.
The study has been conducted, using in an integrated way the three major resources developed within RISIS: CIB dataset on large firms, RISIS patent database on patents, and CORTEXT geolocation on metropolitan areas.
The study conducted by Université Eiffel, using inventive activities as a central marker, highlights in particular four major results:
(i) Large groups represent 80% of worldwide international inventive activities and, contrary to many expectations, this role has increased over the last decade.
(ii) Though LMF are present in 60% of inventive metropolitan areas, the top 100 metropolitan areas worldwide concentrate 80% of LMF international patents.
(iii) Large metropolitan areas gather 90% of international patents in Asia, 70% in the US, but only 37% in Europe. Europe has thus a very different structure where inventive activities are more distributed with a central role of medium-size metropolitan areas.
(iv) ‘National’ LMF play a majority role in the overall production of metropolitan areas: over 90% in Asia, and 75% in the US. In Europe, this share is only 57%. This highlights the role of LMF from other European countries (23%) and from outside of Europe (20%).
These four results question research and innovation policies and call for an open debate about their policy-mix and their role in distributive and inclusion objectives.
The study has been conducted, using in an integrated way the three major resources developed within RISIS: CIB dataset on large firms, RISIS patent database on patents, and CORTEXT geolocation on metropolitan areas.
202.
Baciu, Robert; Bersezio, Ludovic; Béchet, Nathalie; Boboc, Roxana Varvara; (Doris), Yujie Dong; Stirum, Roline Van Limburg; Macpherson, Ava; Oettle, Josephine; Yedema, Emma
Who is /ourguy/?: Studying political Internet subcultures through their identification with public figures Online
(DMI), The Digital Methods Initiative (Ed.): 2020, visited: 30.01.2020.
@online{Baciu2020,
title = {Who is /ourguy/?: Studying political Internet subcultures through their identification with public figures},
author = {Robert Baciu and Ludovic Bersezio and Nathalie Béchet and Roxana Varvara Boboc and Yujie Dong (Doris) and Roline Van Limburg Stirum and Ava Macpherson and Josephine Oettle and Emma Yedema},
editor = {The Digital Methods Initiative (DMI)},
url = {https://digitalmethods.net/Dmi/WinterSchool2020OurguyReddit},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-01-30},
urldate = {2020-01-30},
abstract = {The primary outcome of our research has been an approach to analysing the renegotiation and contestation of public figures, or /ourguy/, through the use of a 5 step protocol. The second aim was to showcase our model’s potential by doing a case study on political subreddits and looking at which public figures their communities discuss, as well as how they do so. The protocol allows for cross-subreddit and single-subreddit analysis and can easily be replicated for the study of other subreddits. To compile the protocol, we repurposed subreddit metrics to create a toolkit that allows us to characterize web communities. First the appropriate subreddits are selected based on a set of criteria, next we extract the most mentioned names in those subreddits using natural language processing. Then we make a selection of the relevant public figures among these names. After this we employ a twofold method of using contrast analysis and network mapping the subreddits. Lastly we generate and analyse word trees for a deeper understanding of how negotiations surrounding these public figures happen. This protocol is a useful framework for future subreddit analysis and shows that meaningful social research can still be conducted post-API.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
The primary outcome of our research has been an approach to analysing the renegotiation and contestation of public figures, or /ourguy/, through the use of a 5 step protocol. The second aim was to showcase our model’s potential by doing a case study on political subreddits and looking at which public figures their communities discuss, as well as how they do so. The protocol allows for cross-subreddit and single-subreddit analysis and can easily be replicated for the study of other subreddits. To compile the protocol, we repurposed subreddit metrics to create a toolkit that allows us to characterize web communities. First the appropriate subreddits are selected based on a set of criteria, next we extract the most mentioned names in those subreddits using natural language processing. Then we make a selection of the relevant public figures among these names. After this we employ a twofold method of using contrast analysis and network mapping the subreddits. Lastly we generate and analyse word trees for a deeper understanding of how negotiations surrounding these public figures happen. This protocol is a useful framework for future subreddit analysis and shows that meaningful social research can still be conducted post-API.
PhD Theses
203.
Gray, Daniel
Tweeting About Women: A Critical Discourse Analysis of International Women’s Day on Twitter PhD Thesis
School of Social Sciences, 2020.
@phdthesis{Gray2020,
title = {Tweeting About Women: A Critical Discourse Analysis of International Women’s Day on Twitter},
author = {Daniel Gray},
url = {https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/137810/
https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/137810/1/Thesis%20Daniel%20Gray%20Corrected%201-11-2020%282%29.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-11-01},
urldate = {2020-11-01},
address = {Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT},
school = {School of Social Sciences},
abstract = {This thesis is a work of critical digital sociology, investigating discourse which occurred on International Women’s Day 2017 (IWD2017) on Twitter, a widely used social media network, using innovative methodology. The principle finding presented in this thesis is methodological. I demonstrate that it is possible and productive to bring together qualitative analysis and so-called ‘big data’, specifically a large quantity of tweets, via innovative and original methodology, while preserving the unique and valuable affordances of critical, qualitative, theory-informed analysis.
Alongside demonstrating this, I also present a range of analytic findings related to the discourse I have analysed. The analytic findings include the use of popular and ‘fringe’ hashtags in linking mainstream and right-wing/reactionary topics, the prominence of anti- feminism and anti-Islam sentiment in discourse associated with supporters of US president Donald Trump, the antifeminist discursive splitting of feminism and feminists into benign and maligned categories, and the ways women are constructed by Twitter accounts representing police and armed forces.
Methodologically, this thesis provides a detailed account of the practicalities, challenges and strategies involved in approaching big social media data as a critical researcher using qualitative analysis. In doing so I argue that big social media data may be a fruitful area for qualitative work, but that in approaching it we should not discard our previous theoretical, analytical and ethical frameworks.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
This thesis is a work of critical digital sociology, investigating discourse which occurred on International Women’s Day 2017 (IWD2017) on Twitter, a widely used social media network, using innovative methodology. The principle finding presented in this thesis is methodological. I demonstrate that it is possible and productive to bring together qualitative analysis and so-called ‘big data’, specifically a large quantity of tweets, via innovative and original methodology, while preserving the unique and valuable affordances of critical, qualitative, theory-informed analysis.
Alongside demonstrating this, I also present a range of analytic findings related to the discourse I have analysed. The analytic findings include the use of popular and ‘fringe’ hashtags in linking mainstream and right-wing/reactionary topics, the prominence of anti- feminism and anti-Islam sentiment in discourse associated with supporters of US president Donald Trump, the antifeminist discursive splitting of feminism and feminists into benign and maligned categories, and the ways women are constructed by Twitter accounts representing police and armed forces.
Methodologically, this thesis provides a detailed account of the practicalities, challenges and strategies involved in approaching big social media data as a critical researcher using qualitative analysis. In doing so I argue that big social media data may be a fruitful area for qualitative work, but that in approaching it we should not discard our previous theoretical, analytical and ethical frameworks.
Alongside demonstrating this, I also present a range of analytic findings related to the discourse I have analysed. The analytic findings include the use of popular and ‘fringe’ hashtags in linking mainstream and right-wing/reactionary topics, the prominence of anti- feminism and anti-Islam sentiment in discourse associated with supporters of US president Donald Trump, the antifeminist discursive splitting of feminism and feminists into benign and maligned categories, and the ways women are constructed by Twitter accounts representing police and armed forces.
Methodologically, this thesis provides a detailed account of the practicalities, challenges and strategies involved in approaching big social media data as a critical researcher using qualitative analysis. In doing so I argue that big social media data may be a fruitful area for qualitative work, but that in approaching it we should not discard our previous theoretical, analytical and ethical frameworks.
204.
Trabelsi, Sonia
Geographies of green and health in Belgium: measurements, opportunities, and challenges PhD Thesis
Université catholique de Louvain, 2020.
@phdthesis{Trabelsi2020,
title = {Geographies of green and health in Belgium: measurements, opportunities, and challenges},
author = {Sonia Trabelsi},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/237672
https://dial.uclouvain.be/pr/boreal/object/boreal%3A237672/datastream/PDF_01/view.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-02-28},
urldate = {2020-02-28},
school = {Université catholique de Louvain},
abstract = {With an expected increase in urban population and the burden of healthcare costs, the role of the environment for human health has become a topical issue in the scientific and political debate. Numerous studies have investigated the benefits of green spaces on specific morbidities and mortalities while governments are looking to green environments as an alternative to improve citizens' wellbeing and decrease healthcare expenditures. This thesis first explores the definitions and measures of "green" through an analysis of the literature and empirical tests conducted on four landuse data sources in Belgium. It shows that the choice of the measure of green, as well as its level of aggregation, can lead to contradictory conclusions concerning the associations between green and health. Then, using medication reimbursement data recently made available in Belgium, this thesis investigates spatial associations of five groups of medication (a priori associated with the environment) with green spaces. At different scales and at different aggregation levels, medication reimbursement data appear not to be a proxy of individual health but of healthcare practices. Spatial variations of reimbursement are rather linked to exogenous factors such as education of the practitioners, or pharmaceutical and commercial practices. This thesis emphasizes the importance of a clear definition and interpretation of environmental and health data to correctly inform decision makers, particularly when data in use are diverted from their original aim and include spatial information. There is a clear risk of misinterpretation when using new types of data without a multidisciplinary perspective.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
With an expected increase in urban population and the burden of healthcare costs, the role of the environment for human health has become a topical issue in the scientific and political debate. Numerous studies have investigated the benefits of green spaces on specific morbidities and mortalities while governments are looking to green environments as an alternative to improve citizens' wellbeing and decrease healthcare expenditures. This thesis first explores the definitions and measures of "green" through an analysis of the literature and empirical tests conducted on four landuse data sources in Belgium. It shows that the choice of the measure of green, as well as its level of aggregation, can lead to contradictory conclusions concerning the associations between green and health. Then, using medication reimbursement data recently made available in Belgium, this thesis investigates spatial associations of five groups of medication (a priori associated with the environment) with green spaces. At different scales and at different aggregation levels, medication reimbursement data appear not to be a proxy of individual health but of healthcare practices. Spatial variations of reimbursement are rather linked to exogenous factors such as education of the practitioners, or pharmaceutical and commercial practices. This thesis emphasizes the importance of a clear definition and interpretation of environmental and health data to correctly inform decision makers, particularly when data in use are diverted from their original aim and include spatial information. There is a clear risk of misinterpretation when using new types of data without a multidisciplinary perspective.
Technical Reports
205.
Andrieu, Nadine; Kebede, Yodit
Agroecology and Climate Change: A case study of the CCAFS Research Program Technical Report
2020, (CCAFS Working Paper no. 313. Wageningen, the Netherlands: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)).
@techreport{Andrieu2020,
title = {Agroecology and Climate Change: A case study of the CCAFS Research Program},
author = {Nadine Andrieu and Yodit Kebede},
url = {https://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/10568/108779},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-07-15},
abstract = {Climate change is challenging the sustainability of agricultural systems. Some authors argue that only an agroecological transformation of agricultural systems is the appropriate response to climate change issues. CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), aims to catalyze positive change towards climate-smart agriculture (CSA), food systems and landscapes to meet the triple goals of food security, adaptation and mitigation. In this paper, we present agroecological principles as defined by various authors or institutions and question how they address climate change issues. Using FAO 10 elements of Agroecology as framework we investigate to what extent CCAFS is aligned with agroecological principles. To answer these questions, we used a combination of bibliographic study, interviews of CCAFS Flagship leaders and text mining method. Our main conclusion is that although agroecology was not a key concept in the design of CCAFS activities, on the ground many promoted practices where agroecological practices and several of the 10 FAO elements of agroecology were addressed but with a different perspective than the one promoted by the proponents of agroecology. To further improve or re-direct CCAFS activities with agroecological principles we recommended five main areas of intervention: to better include agroecological principles in the implementation of NDCs, to strengthen system thinking for food system transformation, to strengthen landscape-level activities, to develop projects on circular and solidarity economy, and to use CIS to support the implementation of agroecological practices.},
note = {CCAFS Working Paper no. 313. Wageningen, the Netherlands: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
Climate change is challenging the sustainability of agricultural systems. Some authors argue that only an agroecological transformation of agricultural systems is the appropriate response to climate change issues. CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), aims to catalyze positive change towards climate-smart agriculture (CSA), food systems and landscapes to meet the triple goals of food security, adaptation and mitigation. In this paper, we present agroecological principles as defined by various authors or institutions and question how they address climate change issues. Using FAO 10 elements of Agroecology as framework we investigate to what extent CCAFS is aligned with agroecological principles. To answer these questions, we used a combination of bibliographic study, interviews of CCAFS Flagship leaders and text mining method. Our main conclusion is that although agroecology was not a key concept in the design of CCAFS activities, on the ground many promoted practices where agroecological practices and several of the 10 FAO elements of agroecology were addressed but with a different perspective than the one promoted by the proponents of agroecology. To further improve or re-direct CCAFS activities with agroecological principles we recommended five main areas of intervention: to better include agroecological principles in the implementation of NDCs, to strengthen system thinking for food system transformation, to strengthen landscape-level activities, to develop projects on circular and solidarity economy, and to use CIS to support the implementation of agroecological practices.
2019
Journal Articles
206.
Alaimo, Cristina; Kallinikos, Jannis; Valderrama, Erika
Platforms as service ecosystems: Lessons from social media Journal Article
In: Journal of Information Technology, vol. 35, 2019.
@article{Alaimo2019,
title = {Platforms as service ecosystems: Lessons from social media },
author = {Cristina Alaimo and Jannis Kallinikos and Erika Valderrama},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0268396219881462},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-10-21},
urldate = {2019-10-21},
journal = {Journal of Information Technology},
volume = {35},
abstract = {The growing business expansion of social media platforms is changing their identity and transforming the practices of networking, data and content sharing with which social media have been commonly associated. We empirically investigate these shifts in the context of TripAdvisor and its evolution since its very establishment. We trace the mutations of the platform along three stages we identify as search engine, social media platform and end-to-end service ecosystem. Our findings reveal the underlying patterns of data types, technological functionalities and actor configurations that punctuate the business expansion of TripAdvisor and lead to the formation of its service ecosystem. We contribute to the understanding of the current trajectory in which social media find themselves as well as to the literature on platforms and ecosystems. We point out the importance of services that develop as commercially viable and constantly updatable data bundles out of diverse and dynamic data types. Such services are essential to the making of the complementarities that are claimed to underlie ecosystem formation.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The growing business expansion of social media platforms is changing their identity and transforming the practices of networking, data and content sharing with which social media have been commonly associated. We empirically investigate these shifts in the context of TripAdvisor and its evolution since its very establishment. We trace the mutations of the platform along three stages we identify as search engine, social media platform and end-to-end service ecosystem. Our findings reveal the underlying patterns of data types, technological functionalities and actor configurations that punctuate the business expansion of TripAdvisor and lead to the formation of its service ecosystem. We contribute to the understanding of the current trajectory in which social media find themselves as well as to the literature on platforms and ecosystems. We point out the importance of services that develop as commercially viable and constantly updatable data bundles out of diverse and dynamic data types. Such services are essential to the making of the complementarities that are claimed to underlie ecosystem formation.
207.
de Assis Espécie, Mariana; Carvalho, Pedro Ninôde; Pinheiro, Maria Fernanda Bacile; Rosenthal, Vinicius Mesquita; da Silva, Leyla A. Ferreira; de Carvalhaes Pinheiro, Mariana Rodrigues; Espig, Silvana Andreoli; Mariani, Carolina Fiorillo; de Almeida, Elisângela Medeiros; dos Santos Sodré, Federica Natasha Ganança Abreu
Ecosystem services and renewable power generation: A preliminary literature review Journal Article
In: Renewable Energy, vol. 140, pp. 39-51, 2019, ISBN: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.03.076.
@article{deEspécie2019,
title = {Ecosystem services and renewable power generation: A preliminary literature review},
author = {Mariana de Assis Espécie and Pedro Ninôde Carvalho and Maria Fernanda Bacile Pinheiro and Vinicius Mesquita Rosenthal and Leyla A. Ferreira da Silva and Mariana Rodrigues de Carvalhaes Pinheiro and Silvana Andreoli Espig and Carolina Fiorillo Mariani and Elisângela Medeiros de Almeida and Federica Natasha Ganança Abreu dos Santos Sodré},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.03.076},
isbn = {10.1016/j.renene.2019.03.076},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-09-01},
urldate = {2019-09-01},
journal = {Renewable Energy},
volume = {140},
pages = {39-51},
abstract = {The term ecosystem services describes a relatively novel approach that directly associates the environment to the provision of human well-being, a concept to which renewable power generation is intrinsically connected. In light of this, the present work characterizes the evolution of the ecosystem services approach as it relates to power generation from renewable sources and identifies trends that have being applied in the field worldwide. The baseline data for the analyses were retrieved from queries of an online scientific database, from which articles that contained the term “ecosystem services” and terms related to renewable energy sources were selected. Chiefly influenced by the publication of reference documents on this issue, the literature review that supported this study demonstrates some trends regarding the ecosystem services approach to renewables, most of which are related to hydropower, including the following: (i) concerns about the degree of dependence that hydropower facilities have on forest conservation; (ii) the relevance of watershed land management for reducing soil erosion to enhance energy generation by hydropower plants; (iii) the emergence of environmentally friendly operational schemes to preserve and/or alleviate the impacts of hydropower plants on river ecosystem services; (iv) the adoption of payment for ecosystem services as an instrument to foment land use strategies that benefit hydropower generation by the engagement of different stakeholders; and (v) the use of economic valuation methods as means to address trade-off scenarios between energy generation and the maintenance of certain ecosystem services. In this process, universities, governments, companies, nongovernmental organizations and even the United Nations have been engaged in different manners of discussions as a reflection of the different positions they have assumed on the subject. The results gathered indicate that there are still opportunities to improve the ecosystem services approach by extending its use to the early stages of renewable energy facilities planning, such as the environmental impact assessments of these projects.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The term ecosystem services describes a relatively novel approach that directly associates the environment to the provision of human well-being, a concept to which renewable power generation is intrinsically connected. In light of this, the present work characterizes the evolution of the ecosystem services approach as it relates to power generation from renewable sources and identifies trends that have being applied in the field worldwide. The baseline data for the analyses were retrieved from queries of an online scientific database, from which articles that contained the term “ecosystem services” and terms related to renewable energy sources were selected. Chiefly influenced by the publication of reference documents on this issue, the literature review that supported this study demonstrates some trends regarding the ecosystem services approach to renewables, most of which are related to hydropower, including the following: (i) concerns about the degree of dependence that hydropower facilities have on forest conservation; (ii) the relevance of watershed land management for reducing soil erosion to enhance energy generation by hydropower plants; (iii) the emergence of environmentally friendly operational schemes to preserve and/or alleviate the impacts of hydropower plants on river ecosystem services; (iv) the adoption of payment for ecosystem services as an instrument to foment land use strategies that benefit hydropower generation by the engagement of different stakeholders; and (v) the use of economic valuation methods as means to address trade-off scenarios between energy generation and the maintenance of certain ecosystem services. In this process, universities, governments, companies, nongovernmental organizations and even the United Nations have been engaged in different manners of discussions as a reflection of the different positions they have assumed on the subject. The results gathered indicate that there are still opportunities to improve the ecosystem services approach by extending its use to the early stages of renewable energy facilities planning, such as the environmental impact assessments of these projects.
208.
Rikap, Cecilia
Asymmetric Power of the Core: Technological Cooperation and Technological Competition in the Transnational Innovation Networks of Big Pharma Journal Article
In: Review of International Political Economy, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 987-1021, 2019.
@article{Rikap2019,
title = {Asymmetric Power of the Core: Technological Cooperation and Technological Competition in the Transnational Innovation Networks of Big Pharma},
author = {Cecilia Rikap},
url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290.2019.1620309},
doi = {10.1080/09692290.2019.1620309},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-26},
urldate = {2019-06-26},
journal = {Review of International Political Economy},
volume = {26},
number = {5},
pages = {987-1021},
abstract = {This article theoretically and empirically analyzes leader corporations’ innovation processes in contemporary capitalism. We highlight three characteristics: their transnational scope, the primacy of power or asymmetric relations exercised by leaders over the participants of their innovation circuits or networks, and the relevance of what we called technological competition and technological cooperation between leaders. Focusing on the latter, our theoretical contribution integrates the concepts of innovation circuit, global innovation network and modularity of knowledge production in order to elaborate a preliminary model for synthesizing leader’s technological competition and collaboration behaviors. This model is the general framework used for studying three big pharma’s innovation networks (Roche, Novartis and Pfizer). In particular, we study those networks by considering two outputs: scientific publications and patents. Network maps are constructed based on institutions’ co-occurrences, thus looking at who is co-authoring their publications and co-owning these corporations’ patents. We find that big pharmaceuticals co-produce together mainly generic knowledge modules, thus develop a strong technological cooperation. Simultaneously, to succeed in their technological competition they outsource stages of their innovation networks to subordinate institutions that, even if they contribute to achieve the innovation, will not be co-owners of the resulting patents, while big pharmaceuticals enjoy associated innovation rents.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article theoretically and empirically analyzes leader corporations’ innovation processes in contemporary capitalism. We highlight three characteristics: their transnational scope, the primacy of power or asymmetric relations exercised by leaders over the participants of their innovation circuits or networks, and the relevance of what we called technological competition and technological cooperation between leaders. Focusing on the latter, our theoretical contribution integrates the concepts of innovation circuit, global innovation network and modularity of knowledge production in order to elaborate a preliminary model for synthesizing leader’s technological competition and collaboration behaviors. This model is the general framework used for studying three big pharma’s innovation networks (Roche, Novartis and Pfizer). In particular, we study those networks by considering two outputs: scientific publications and patents. Network maps are constructed based on institutions’ co-occurrences, thus looking at who is co-authoring their publications and co-owning these corporations’ patents. We find that big pharmaceuticals co-produce together mainly generic knowledge modules, thus develop a strong technological cooperation. Simultaneously, to succeed in their technological competition they outsource stages of their innovation networks to subordinate institutions that, even if they contribute to achieve the innovation, will not be co-owners of the resulting patents, while big pharmaceuticals enjoy associated innovation rents.
209.
Malanski, Priscila Duarte; de Alencar Schiavi, Sandra Mara; Dedieu, Benoît
Characteristics of “work in agriculture” scientific communities. A bibliometric review Journal Article
In: Agronomy for Sustainable Development, vol. 39, no. 36, 2019.
@article{Malanski2019b,
title = {Characteristics of “work in agriculture” scientific communities. A bibliometric review},
author = {Priscila Duarte Malanski and Sandra Mara de Alencar Schiavi and Benoît Dedieu },
url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13593-019-0582-2},
doi = {10.1007/s13593-019-0582-2},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-19},
urldate = {2019-06-19},
journal = {Agronomy for Sustainable Development},
volume = {39},
number = {36},
abstract = {Work is a central concern for sustainable farming systems and rural communities, especially regarding specific issues of the agricultural sector, as the strong decrease in rural employment and the less attractive working conditions. Many articles covering diverse related topics have been published. However, the few studies analyzing the state of worldwide scientific research on work in agriculture give only a fragmented view, since they focus on specialized topics and disciplines. To fill this knowledge gap, the aim of this study was to review the state of research on work in agriculture addressed by the scientific literature, through a bibliometric analysis by country, institution, journal, author, and keywords. Our main finds are that (1) work in agriculture issues is divided into six main research domains: occupational health and safety, labor market and rural employment, labor and farm sustainability, work organization, agricultural policy and agrarian changes, and labor and family farms; (2) these research domains are analyzed by five scientific communities: ergonomics, agricultural economics, livestock farming systems, rural sociology, and agricultural policy; (3) the reference authors, most-cited articles, and main journals were identified for each scientific community; (4) USA, France, and China arise as leaders in the scientific landscape. We show for the first time the characteristics of the main scientific communities worldwide that have performed the most relevant research related to work in agriculture over the past 10 years. This review provides a benchmark for future research on agricultural work-related topics and encourages collaborations between researchers from different scientific communities for interdisciplinary innovation, which support sustainable working conditions in agriculture.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Work is a central concern for sustainable farming systems and rural communities, especially regarding specific issues of the agricultural sector, as the strong decrease in rural employment and the less attractive working conditions. Many articles covering diverse related topics have been published. However, the few studies analyzing the state of worldwide scientific research on work in agriculture give only a fragmented view, since they focus on specialized topics and disciplines. To fill this knowledge gap, the aim of this study was to review the state of research on work in agriculture addressed by the scientific literature, through a bibliometric analysis by country, institution, journal, author, and keywords. Our main finds are that (1) work in agriculture issues is divided into six main research domains: occupational health and safety, labor market and rural employment, labor and farm sustainability, work organization, agricultural policy and agrarian changes, and labor and family farms; (2) these research domains are analyzed by five scientific communities: ergonomics, agricultural economics, livestock farming systems, rural sociology, and agricultural policy; (3) the reference authors, most-cited articles, and main journals were identified for each scientific community; (4) USA, France, and China arise as leaders in the scientific landscape. We show for the first time the characteristics of the main scientific communities worldwide that have performed the most relevant research related to work in agriculture over the past 10 years. This review provides a benchmark for future research on agricultural work-related topics and encourages collaborations between researchers from different scientific communities for interdisciplinary innovation, which support sustainable working conditions in agriculture.
210.
Noël, Marianne
In: Annals of the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi, vol. Volume LIII 1 - 2019, pp. 141-180, 2019, ISSN: 2532-4969, (Annals of the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi : an Interdisciplinary Journal of Economics, History and Political Science).
@article{Noël2019,
title = {'Made in Europe for the World': Making a Claim for a European Chemistry in Publication Programs. The Case of the Supramolecular Chemistry (1987-2005)},
author = {Marianne Noël},
url = {http://www.annalsfondazioneluigieinaudi.it/en/browse/current-issue/6-volume-liii-1/87-made-in-europe-for-the-world-making-a-claim-for-a-european-chemistry-in-publication-programs.-the-case-of-the-supramolecular-chemistry-1987-2005
https://www.torrossa.com/en/resources/an/4546060#page=149},
doi = {10.26331/1075},
issn = {2532-4969},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-01},
urldate = {2019-06-01},
journal = {Annals of the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi},
volume = {Volume LIII 1 - 2019},
pages = {141-180},
abstract = {The University of Strasbourg is the birthplace of a research specialty (supramolecular chemistry or SMC) which has grown considerably in the last 40 years and has had a significant scientific impact. The emergence of SMC was orchestrated to a large extent by Nobel laureate Jean-Marie Lehn, but a network of scientists, as well as the University and the Alsace Region, were also key players in this regard. Lehn was instrumental in the creation of a series of European chemistry journals in the late 1990s, whose genealogy I trace. My purpose is to examine the conditions of the success of a case of European integration that is not a major technological program but simply a “publication infrastructure”. Based on an historical analysis completed with a fieldwork study, I argue that the circulation and appropriation of concepts and languages of the SMC were central in the development of a European “publication program”. I show that this program created a sense of Europeanness that was also shaped in relation to the extra-European world, both in opposition (standing against the USA) and yet open to the world, as illustrated in the motto “Made in Europe for the world”.},
note = {Annals of the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi : an Interdisciplinary Journal of Economics, History and Political Science},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The University of Strasbourg is the birthplace of a research specialty (supramolecular chemistry or SMC) which has grown considerably in the last 40 years and has had a significant scientific impact. The emergence of SMC was orchestrated to a large extent by Nobel laureate Jean-Marie Lehn, but a network of scientists, as well as the University and the Alsace Region, were also key players in this regard. Lehn was instrumental in the creation of a series of European chemistry journals in the late 1990s, whose genealogy I trace. My purpose is to examine the conditions of the success of a case of European integration that is not a major technological program but simply a “publication infrastructure”. Based on an historical analysis completed with a fieldwork study, I argue that the circulation and appropriation of concepts and languages of the SMC were central in the development of a European “publication program”. I show that this program created a sense of Europeanness that was also shaped in relation to the extra-European world, both in opposition (standing against the USA) and yet open to the world, as illustrated in the motto “Made in Europe for the world”.
211.
Zhou, Yaolin; Sun, Jingqiong; Hu, Jiming
Intellectual structure and evolution patterns of archival information resource research in China Journal Article
In: Library Hi Tech, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 233-250, 2019.
@article{Zhou2019,
title = {Intellectual structure and evolution patterns of archival information resource research in China},
author = { Yaolin Zhou and Jingqiong Sun and Jiming Hu},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1108/LHT-08-2018-0101},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-01},
urldate = {2019-06-01},
journal = {Library Hi Tech},
volume = {37},
number = {2},
pages = {233-250},
abstract = {Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the leading topics and developmental trends of archival information resource research in China by visualizing the intellectual structure and evolution patterns of archival information resource research. Design/methodology/approach This study took China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) as the data source and extracted keywords from relevant articles in archival information resource research as the sample. First, the frequency and co-occurrence of keywords were calculated by using SCI2. Second, this study analyzed the co-word network indicators by using Pajek. Then, topic community detection was conducted by using a VOS viewer, as well as the visualization of intellectual structures. Next, this study developed a graphical mapping of the evolution of research topics over time by using Cortext. Findings The research topics of archival information resources in China were unbalanced but distinct. Researchers focus on the construction and utilization of archival information resource, which consist of five evident research directions. The phenomena of fusion and differentiation coexist in research topic evolution. There were both continuities of traditional research and innovations in emerging research. The archival information resource research tended to be systematized and extended, reflecting the vertical and horizontal extension of the research content. Originality/value Based on a large number of previous studies, this study adopted quantitative methods to reveal the intellectual structure and evolution patterns of archival information resource research in China, providing guidance for researchers and institutions to grasp research status and developmental trends.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the leading topics and developmental trends of archival information resource research in China by visualizing the intellectual structure and evolution patterns of archival information resource research. Design/methodology/approach This study took China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) as the data source and extracted keywords from relevant articles in archival information resource research as the sample. First, the frequency and co-occurrence of keywords were calculated by using SCI2. Second, this study analyzed the co-word network indicators by using Pajek. Then, topic community detection was conducted by using a VOS viewer, as well as the visualization of intellectual structures. Next, this study developed a graphical mapping of the evolution of research topics over time by using Cortext. Findings The research topics of archival information resources in China were unbalanced but distinct. Researchers focus on the construction and utilization of archival information resource, which consist of five evident research directions. The phenomena of fusion and differentiation coexist in research topic evolution. There were both continuities of traditional research and innovations in emerging research. The archival information resource research tended to be systematized and extended, reflecting the vertical and horizontal extension of the research content. Originality/value Based on a large number of previous studies, this study adopted quantitative methods to reveal the intellectual structure and evolution patterns of archival information resource research in China, providing guidance for researchers and institutions to grasp research status and developmental trends.
212.
Shen, Lining; Wang, Shimin; Dai, Wei; Zhang, Zhiguo
Detecting the Interdisciplinary Nature and Topic Hotspots of Robotics in Surgery: Social Network Analysis and Bibliometric Study Journal Article
In: Journal of Medical Internet Research, vol. 21, no. 3, 2019.
@article{Shen2019,
title = {Detecting the Interdisciplinary Nature and Topic Hotspots of Robotics in Surgery: Social Network Analysis and Bibliometric Study},
author = {Lining Shen and Shimin Wang and Wei Dai and Zhiguo Zhang},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.2196/12625},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-03-19},
urldate = {2019-03-19},
journal = {Journal of Medical Internet Research},
volume = {21},
number = {3},
abstract = {Background: With the widespread application of a robot to surgery, growing literature related to robotics in surgery (RS) documents widespread concerns from scientific researchers worldwide. Although such application is helpful to considerably improve the accuracy of surgery, we still lack the understanding of the multidiscipline-crossing status and topic distribution related to RS. Objective: The aim of this study was to detect the interdisciplinary nature and topic hotspots on RS by analyzing the current publication outputs related to RS. Methods: The authors collected publications related to RS in the last 21 years, indexed by the Web of Science Core Collection. Various bibliometric methods and tools were used, including literature distribution analysis at the country and institution level and interdisciplinary collaboration analysis in the different periods of time. Co-word analysis was performed based on the keywords with high frequency. The temporal visualization bar presented the evolution of topics over time. Results: A total of 7732 bibliographic records related to RS were identified. The United States plays a leading role in the publication output related to RS, followed by Italy and Germany. It should be noted that the Yonsei University in South Korea published the highest number of RS-related publications. Furthermore, the interdisciplinary collaboration is uneven; the number of disciplines involved in each paper dropped from the initial 1.60 to the current 1.31. Surgery; Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, and Medical Imaging; and Neurosciences and Neurology are the 4 core disciplines in the field of RS, all of which have extensive cooperation with other disciplines. The distribution of topic hotspots is in imbalanced status, which can be categorized into 7 clusters. Moreover, 3 areas about the evolution of topic were identified, namely (1) the exploration of techniques that make RS implemented, (2) rapid development of robotic systems and related applications in surgery, and (3) application of a robot to excision of tissues or organs targeted at various specific diseases. Conclusions: This study provided important insights into the interdisciplinary nature related to RS, which indicates that the researchers with different disciplinary backgrounds should strengthen cooperation to publish a high-quality output. The research topic hotspots related to RS are relatively scattered, which has begun to turn to the application of RS targeted at specific diseases. Our study is helpful to provide a potential guide to the direction of the field of RS for future research in the field of RS.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: With the widespread application of a robot to surgery, growing literature related to robotics in surgery (RS) documents widespread concerns from scientific researchers worldwide. Although such application is helpful to considerably improve the accuracy of surgery, we still lack the understanding of the multidiscipline-crossing status and topic distribution related to RS. Objective: The aim of this study was to detect the interdisciplinary nature and topic hotspots on RS by analyzing the current publication outputs related to RS. Methods: The authors collected publications related to RS in the last 21 years, indexed by the Web of Science Core Collection. Various bibliometric methods and tools were used, including literature distribution analysis at the country and institution level and interdisciplinary collaboration analysis in the different periods of time. Co-word analysis was performed based on the keywords with high frequency. The temporal visualization bar presented the evolution of topics over time. Results: A total of 7732 bibliographic records related to RS were identified. The United States plays a leading role in the publication output related to RS, followed by Italy and Germany. It should be noted that the Yonsei University in South Korea published the highest number of RS-related publications. Furthermore, the interdisciplinary collaboration is uneven; the number of disciplines involved in each paper dropped from the initial 1.60 to the current 1.31. Surgery; Engineering; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, and Medical Imaging; and Neurosciences and Neurology are the 4 core disciplines in the field of RS, all of which have extensive cooperation with other disciplines. The distribution of topic hotspots is in imbalanced status, which can be categorized into 7 clusters. Moreover, 3 areas about the evolution of topic were identified, namely (1) the exploration of techniques that make RS implemented, (2) rapid development of robotic systems and related applications in surgery, and (3) application of a robot to excision of tissues or organs targeted at various specific diseases. Conclusions: This study provided important insights into the interdisciplinary nature related to RS, which indicates that the researchers with different disciplinary backgrounds should strengthen cooperation to publish a high-quality output. The research topic hotspots related to RS are relatively scattered, which has begun to turn to the application of RS targeted at specific diseases. Our study is helpful to provide a potential guide to the direction of the field of RS for future research in the field of RS.
213.
Ruiz, Pablo; Poibeau, Thierry
Mapping the Bentham Corpus: Concept-based Navigation Journal Article
In: Journal of data mining and digital humanities , 2019.
@article{Fabo2019,
title = {Mapping the Bentham Corpus: Concept-based Navigation},
author = {Pablo Ruiz and Thierry Poibeau },
url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01915730v2},
doi = {10.46298/jdmdh.5044},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-03-06},
urldate = {2019-03-06},
journal = {Journal of data mining and digital humanities },
abstract = {British philosopher and reformer Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) left over 60,000 folios of unpublished manuscripts. The Bentham Project, at University College London, is creating a TEI version of the manuscripts, via crowdsourced transcription verified by experts. We present here an interface to navigate these largely unedited manuscripts, and the language technologies the corpus was enriched with to facilitate navigation, i.e Entity Linking against the DBpedia knowledge base and keyphrase extraction. The challenges of tagging a historical domain-specific corpus with a contemporary knowledge base are discussed. The concepts extracted were used to create interactive co-occurrence networks, that serve as a map for the corpus and help navigate it, along with a search index. These corpus representations were integrated in a user interface. The interface was evaluated by domain experts with satisfactory results , e.g. they found the distributional semantics methods exploited here applicable in order to assist in retrieving related passages for scholarly editing of the corpus. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
British philosopher and reformer Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) left over 60,000 folios of unpublished manuscripts. The Bentham Project, at University College London, is creating a TEI version of the manuscripts, via crowdsourced transcription verified by experts. We present here an interface to navigate these largely unedited manuscripts, and the language technologies the corpus was enriched with to facilitate navigation, i.e Entity Linking against the DBpedia knowledge base and keyphrase extraction. The challenges of tagging a historical domain-specific corpus with a contemporary knowledge base are discussed. The concepts extracted were used to create interactive co-occurrence networks, that serve as a map for the corpus and help navigate it, along with a search index. These corpus representations were integrated in a user interface. The interface was evaluated by domain experts with satisfactory results , e.g. they found the distributional semantics methods exploited here applicable in order to assist in retrieving related passages for scholarly editing of the corpus.
214.
Loconto, Allison; Desquilbet, Marion; Moreau, Théo; Couvet, Denis; Dorin, Bruno
The land sparing – land sharing controversy: Tracing the politics of knowledge Journal Article
In: Land Use Policy, vol. 96, 2019.
@article{Loconto2018,
title = {The land sparing – land sharing controversy: Tracing the politics of knowledge},
author = {Allison Loconto and Marion Desquilbet and Théo Moreau and Denis Couvet and Bruno Dorin},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.09.014},
doi = {10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.09.014},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
urldate = {2019-01-01},
journal = {Land Use Policy},
volume = {96},
abstract = {Feeding 9 billion people by 2050 on one hand, and preserving biodiversity on the other hand, are two shared policy goals at the global level. Yet while these goals are clear, they are to some extent in conflict, because agriculture is a major cause of biodiversity loss, and the path to achieve both of them is at the heart of a public controversy around ‘productive’ land use and biodiversity conservation. Over the years, the scientific, policy, civil society and agri-business communities have been engaged in producing evidence that can support a land sparing policy (separating intensive agricultural production from biodiversity conservation) or a land sharing policy (integrating the two in larger and more extensive landscapes). This paper contributes to this debate by analyzing land sparing and land sharing (LSS) as a socio-technical controversy. Through the analysis of large and small corpora of scientific, policy, corporate social responsibility and sustainability standards documents we explore the ethical underpinnings and social networks that support the opposing sides of this controversy. We explore these linkages in order to explain how the concept of land sparing achieved dominance in the scientific literature and how the concept has been taken up in international policy, business and civil society circles. We examine the convergences and divergences in alliances between actors in this controversy in order to map how specific actors have promoted the concept of land sparing as the best way to used land for biodiversity and food production.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Feeding 9 billion people by 2050 on one hand, and preserving biodiversity on the other hand, are two shared policy goals at the global level. Yet while these goals are clear, they are to some extent in conflict, because agriculture is a major cause of biodiversity loss, and the path to achieve both of them is at the heart of a public controversy around ‘productive’ land use and biodiversity conservation. Over the years, the scientific, policy, civil society and agri-business communities have been engaged in producing evidence that can support a land sparing policy (separating intensive agricultural production from biodiversity conservation) or a land sharing policy (integrating the two in larger and more extensive landscapes). This paper contributes to this debate by analyzing land sparing and land sharing (LSS) as a socio-technical controversy. Through the analysis of large and small corpora of scientific, policy, corporate social responsibility and sustainability standards documents we explore the ethical underpinnings and social networks that support the opposing sides of this controversy. We explore these linkages in order to explain how the concept of land sparing achieved dominance in the scientific literature and how the concept has been taken up in international policy, business and civil society circles. We examine the convergences and divergences in alliances between actors in this controversy in order to map how specific actors have promoted the concept of land sparing as the best way to used land for biodiversity and food production.
Conferences
215.
Rizzo, Davide; Marraccini, Elisa; Benoît, Marc; Thenail, Claudine; Lardon, Sylvie
Landscape agronomy: bibliometric insights on key issues and background topics of a conceptual framework Conference
10th IALE World Congress Milan, Italy, 2019.
@conference{Rizzo2019,
title = {Landscape agronomy: bibliometric insights on key issues and background topics of a conceptual framework},
author = {Davide Rizzo and Elisa Marraccini and Marc Benoît and Claudine Thenail and Sylvie Lardon},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-03609817/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334285870_Landscape_agronomy_bibliometric_insights_on_key_issues_and_background_topics_of_a_conceptual_framework},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-07-04},
urldate = {2019-07-04},
address = {Milan, Italy},
organization = {10th IALE World Congress },
abstract = {Landscapes are formed by the interactions between natural resources and heterogeneous land managers that expect/pursue an increasing variety of ecosystem services. Landscape ecology undoubtedly indicated the landscape as the best level to assess existing services and to support expected improvements. Where agriculture drives local dynamics, a contextual cross-scale analysis of farming activities and actors is needed to understand how and why landscapes are produced, eventually, redesigned. Inspired by landscape ecology, the landscape agronomy framework was proposed to extend the study of patterns and processes to agriculture, calling to focus on the spatially explicit characterization of farmers' decision-making. In summary, the landscape agronomy conceptual framework helps to describe and analyze the patterns determined by the interactions between agricultural practices and local resources (Benoit, Rizzo et al. 2012, Lands Ecol). This communication aims at providing insights into the key concepts underpinning the conceptual framework, such as the "cropping system" defined by agronomists, and the "force fields" applied in geography. A few years after the launch of this conceptual framework, we address the question: "who cares about landscape and agriculture?". To this aim, we will present the result of a bibliometric analysis using the CorText platform to explore research keywords, (inter)disciplinary bridges and emerging issues related to landscape agronomy. In the discussion, we will address some relevant applications, such as the challenges for agrifood system management of natural resources or to energy production by farmers (e.g., biofuel, biogas), and the landscape perspective on the deployment of smart farming and agtech. We will conclude on possible improvements to this conceptual framework. Altogether, this communication sets the scene for an upcoming multidisciplinary book about advances and challenges of a territorial approach to agricultural issues. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Landscapes are formed by the interactions between natural resources and heterogeneous land managers that expect/pursue an increasing variety of ecosystem services. Landscape ecology undoubtedly indicated the landscape as the best level to assess existing services and to support expected improvements. Where agriculture drives local dynamics, a contextual cross-scale analysis of farming activities and actors is needed to understand how and why landscapes are produced, eventually, redesigned. Inspired by landscape ecology, the landscape agronomy framework was proposed to extend the study of patterns and processes to agriculture, calling to focus on the spatially explicit characterization of farmers' decision-making. In summary, the landscape agronomy conceptual framework helps to describe and analyze the patterns determined by the interactions between agricultural practices and local resources (Benoit, Rizzo et al. 2012, Lands Ecol). This communication aims at providing insights into the key concepts underpinning the conceptual framework, such as the "cropping system" defined by agronomists, and the "force fields" applied in geography. A few years after the launch of this conceptual framework, we address the question: "who cares about landscape and agriculture?". To this aim, we will present the result of a bibliometric analysis using the CorText platform to explore research keywords, (inter)disciplinary bridges and emerging issues related to landscape agronomy. In the discussion, we will address some relevant applications, such as the challenges for agrifood system management of natural resources or to energy production by farmers (e.g., biofuel, biogas), and the landscape perspective on the deployment of smart farming and agtech. We will conclude on possible improvements to this conceptual framework. Altogether, this communication sets the scene for an upcoming multidisciplinary book about advances and challenges of a territorial approach to agricultural issues.
Proceedings Articles
216.
Khan, Sana; Laurens, Patricia; Bas, Christian Le
Frugal Innovation, Sustainability, and Sustainable Frugal Innovation: A conceptual clarification and empirical evidence Proceedings Article
In: AIMs conference, Dakar, 2019.
@inproceedings{Khan2019,
title = {Frugal Innovation, Sustainability, and Sustainable Frugal Innovation: A conceptual clarification and empirical evidence},
author = {Sana Khan and Patricia Laurens and Christian Le Bas},
url = {https://www.strategie-aims.com/conferences/30/themes?themes_selected=ST-AIMS+02+%3A#communication_5212
https://www.strategie-aims.com/conferences/30-xxviiieme-conference-de-l-aims/communications/5212-sustainability-in-frugal-innovation/download},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-01},
urldate = {2019-06-01},
booktitle = {AIMs conference},
volume = {30},
address = {Dakar},
abstract = {Sustainable development sets up a major challenge for economic activity, climate change, management of organization and society. It follows that the drivers and impacts of frugal innovations (FI) should be analyzed in relation to sustainability as a new socio-economic paradigm. In this study, we note that FI and sustainability are related to two sets of literature mainly studied in isolation until now (with some notable exceptions like Brem and Yven, 2013 and Rosca et al., 2017). Our objective is to realize a necessary conciliation between the two. In others words, our research question is to explore how and to what extent FI is linked to sustainability. We contribute to the literature dealing with FI in three ways. First, we show how FI can generate more sustainable development while FI is not inherently sustainable. Secondly, we draw conclusions regarding a possible taxonomy of FI which is based on two extreme poles i.e., FIs have no marked sustainable effects vs. FIs are fully sustainable. Finally, we carry out an empirical analysis of a sample studies of FIs published in different academic or scientific journals to discover the different between the two forms of FI.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Sustainable development sets up a major challenge for economic activity, climate change, management of organization and society. It follows that the drivers and impacts of frugal innovations (FI) should be analyzed in relation to sustainability as a new socio-economic paradigm. In this study, we note that FI and sustainability are related to two sets of literature mainly studied in isolation until now (with some notable exceptions like Brem and Yven, 2013 and Rosca et al., 2017). Our objective is to realize a necessary conciliation between the two. In others words, our research question is to explore how and to what extent FI is linked to sustainability. We contribute to the literature dealing with FI in three ways. First, we show how FI can generate more sustainable development while FI is not inherently sustainable. Secondly, we draw conclusions regarding a possible taxonomy of FI which is based on two extreme poles i.e., FIs have no marked sustainable effects vs. FIs are fully sustainable. Finally, we carry out an empirical analysis of a sample studies of FIs published in different academic or scientific journals to discover the different between the two forms of FI.
Masters Theses
217.
Aumüller-Wagner, Sophia; Læarsson, Bartal; Agar, Muhammed; Mituzaite, Kristina; Münz, Janina; Malnača, Linda
Dominant and silent voices in the discourse on Health Smart Homes for the Elderly on Twitter and Scopus Masters Thesis
IT-University of Copenhagen, 2019.
@mastersthesis{Aumüller-Wagner2019,
title = {Dominant and silent voices in the discourse on Health Smart Homes for the Elderly on Twitter and Scopus},
author = {Sophia Aumüller-Wagner and Bartal Læarsson and Muhammed Agar and Kristina Mituzaite and Janina Münz and Linda Malnača},
url = {https://www.dasts.dk/wp-content/uploads/ESPS_Health-smart-home-for-the-elderly.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-09-01},
school = {IT-University of Copenhagen},
abstract = {Living in a world of demographic change means that aging societies will to a higher extend deal with mobility issues, chronic illnesses, and fall risks. Smart home technologies are increasingly considered in healthcare and could help alleviate the dilemma of people wanting to remain autonomous and independent while growing older. Under the lens of Clarke’s Situational Analysis, this paper explores how health smart homes for the elderly are co-constructed on the platforms of Scopus and Twitter. Using both Big Data and Thick Data, silent voices in the discourse around this technology are uncovered in order to understand how far the innovation of smart homes is aligned with the needs of its users. The main finding of this research paper shows that the field around health smart homes for the elderly is still in its early stages and the needs and concerns of elderly people are not yet considered enough. In order to design smart health homes for the elderly, the researchers propose a requirement pyramid that can aid the design of these future technologies. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {mastersthesis}
}
Living in a world of demographic change means that aging societies will to a higher extend deal with mobility issues, chronic illnesses, and fall risks. Smart home technologies are increasingly considered in healthcare and could help alleviate the dilemma of people wanting to remain autonomous and independent while growing older. Under the lens of Clarke’s Situational Analysis, this paper explores how health smart homes for the elderly are co-constructed on the platforms of Scopus and Twitter. Using both Big Data and Thick Data, silent voices in the discourse around this technology are uncovered in order to understand how far the innovation of smart homes is aligned with the needs of its users. The main finding of this research paper shows that the field around health smart homes for the elderly is still in its early stages and the needs and concerns of elderly people are not yet considered enough. In order to design smart health homes for the elderly, the researchers propose a requirement pyramid that can aid the design of these future technologies.
218.
Morales, Manuel
Industrial symbiosis, a model of strong sustainability : an analysis of two case studies, Tampico and Dunkirk Masters Thesis
Université Clermont Auvergne, 2019, (HAL Id : tel-02639298 , version 1).
@mastersthesis{Morales2019,
title = {Industrial symbiosis, a model of strong sustainability : an analysis of two case studies, Tampico and Dunkirk},
author = {Manuel Morales},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-21},
school = {Université Clermont Auvergne},
abstract = {Industrial symbiosis (IS) is presented as an inter-firm organizational strategy with the aim of social innovation that targets material and energy flow optimization, but also structural sustainability. In this study, we present systems thinking and geographical proximity as the theoretical framework used to analyze industrial symbiosis through a methodology based on System Dynamics and the underpinning use of Causal Loop Diagrams, aiming to identify the main drivers and hindrances that reinforce or balance the industrial symbiosis’s sustainability. The understanding of industrial symbiosis is embedded in a theoretical framework that conceptualizes industry as a complex ecosystem in which qualitative and quantitative approaches can be integrated, if we use a methodology flexible enough to encompass the complexity of the stakeholder’s values and motivations in the same analysis. Furthermore, the methodology performs a comparative strength over descriptive statistical forecasting, because it is able to integrate social causal rationality when estimating attractiveness in a region or individual firm’s potential. The stakeholders’ influence becomes essential to the complex understanding of this institution, because by shaping individual behavior in a social context, industrial symbiosis provides a degree of cooperation in order to overcome social dilemmas for actors like the tension between efficiency/resilience, who cannot be achieved by their own. The proposed narrative encourages us to draw up scenarios, integrating variables from different motivational value in the industrial symbiosis. We use the Altamira and the Dunkirk case studies to explain the role of geographical systems analysis, identifying loops that reinforce or regulate the sustainability of industrial symbiosis, and three drivers: “Efficiency/Resilience dilemma”, “Industrial symbiosis governance”, and “The role of global recycling networks in the by-product valorization”. The social dimension integration in the analysis of a complex system is indeed applied to enhance the understanding of IS dynamics, but a great potential is foreseen for other micro-level social systems like for example urban metabolism dynamics or bio-economy. },
note = {HAL Id : tel-02639298 , version 1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {mastersthesis}
}
Industrial symbiosis (IS) is presented as an inter-firm organizational strategy with the aim of social innovation that targets material and energy flow optimization, but also structural sustainability. In this study, we present systems thinking and geographical proximity as the theoretical framework used to analyze industrial symbiosis through a methodology based on System Dynamics and the underpinning use of Causal Loop Diagrams, aiming to identify the main drivers and hindrances that reinforce or balance the industrial symbiosis’s sustainability. The understanding of industrial symbiosis is embedded in a theoretical framework that conceptualizes industry as a complex ecosystem in which qualitative and quantitative approaches can be integrated, if we use a methodology flexible enough to encompass the complexity of the stakeholder’s values and motivations in the same analysis. Furthermore, the methodology performs a comparative strength over descriptive statistical forecasting, because it is able to integrate social causal rationality when estimating attractiveness in a region or individual firm’s potential. The stakeholders’ influence becomes essential to the complex understanding of this institution, because by shaping individual behavior in a social context, industrial symbiosis provides a degree of cooperation in order to overcome social dilemmas for actors like the tension between efficiency/resilience, who cannot be achieved by their own. The proposed narrative encourages us to draw up scenarios, integrating variables from different motivational value in the industrial symbiosis. We use the Altamira and the Dunkirk case studies to explain the role of geographical systems analysis, identifying loops that reinforce or regulate the sustainability of industrial symbiosis, and three drivers: “Efficiency/Resilience dilemma”, “Industrial symbiosis governance”, and “The role of global recycling networks in the by-product valorization”. The social dimension integration in the analysis of a complex system is indeed applied to enhance the understanding of IS dynamics, but a great potential is foreseen for other micro-level social systems like for example urban metabolism dynamics or bio-economy.
Online
219.
Gauld, Christophe
Mining big data about representations of autism spectrum disorder : a comparison from Twitter to PubMed, a TwiMed proof-of-concept Online
2019.
@online{Gauld2019b,
title = {Mining big data about representations of autism spectrum disorder : a comparison from Twitter to PubMed, a TwiMed proof-of-concept},
author = {Christophe Gauld},
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337289960_Mining_big_data_about_representations_of_autism_spectrum_disorder_a_comparison_from_Twitter_to_PubMed_a_TwiMed_proof-of-concept},
doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.20575.61604},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-11-15},
abstract = {Aim: Twitter is the most commonly used social media forum in public health and is considered the radio of the internet. Many health providers utilize this media to disseminate health information. Patient use of social media for mental health topics encourages providers to disseminate quality information and to develop virtual collaborative learning environments. Such social media could also be seen as a reflection of a trend towards folk psychology. This study explored trends in health information exchanged by users of Twitter, a broad social media, through analyses of tweets about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This proxy of trends in folk psychology could be compared semantically with the corpus derived from biomedical research. Methods: At first, we conducted a text-mining analysis with a sample of 10,000 tweets posted using #autism, by a text-mining method. We built a network of words in order to extract the main dimensions about these data (Latent Dirichlet Analysis). Second, we performed a geocoding analysis to create a Twitter maps of social media tweet and checked the regularity of tweets in the short and medium term. In parallel, we performed a text-mining analysis using the platform PubMed with the term « autis* », and we built networks of words. For each of them, we extracted the main dimensions from the terms. Results: We were able to retrieve 121,556 terms related to the term #autism. Most tweets focus on five dimensions: (1) Education, (2) Childhood, (3) Environment/Relatives, (4) Techniques/Sciences and (5) Support. Concerning the most researched topics in the biomedical research, on 49,021 publications, we found four dimensions: (I) Clinical/Neuropsychology/Psychometry, (II) Behavioral/Language aspects, (III) Neuroscience/Neurogenetics/Neuropharmacology, (IV) Comorbidities. Conclusion: Results suggest thematics about ASD disseminated between a social media and a biomedical database are really different. Health providers are encouraged to establish a presence on social media to learn about representations, share scholarly work or just exchange information with patients and relatives concerned by ASD.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
Aim: Twitter is the most commonly used social media forum in public health and is considered the radio of the internet. Many health providers utilize this media to disseminate health information. Patient use of social media for mental health topics encourages providers to disseminate quality information and to develop virtual collaborative learning environments. Such social media could also be seen as a reflection of a trend towards folk psychology. This study explored trends in health information exchanged by users of Twitter, a broad social media, through analyses of tweets about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This proxy of trends in folk psychology could be compared semantically with the corpus derived from biomedical research. Methods: At first, we conducted a text-mining analysis with a sample of 10,000 tweets posted using #autism, by a text-mining method. We built a network of words in order to extract the main dimensions about these data (Latent Dirichlet Analysis). Second, we performed a geocoding analysis to create a Twitter maps of social media tweet and checked the regularity of tweets in the short and medium term. In parallel, we performed a text-mining analysis using the platform PubMed with the term « autis* », and we built networks of words. For each of them, we extracted the main dimensions from the terms. Results: We were able to retrieve 121,556 terms related to the term #autism. Most tweets focus on five dimensions: (1) Education, (2) Childhood, (3) Environment/Relatives, (4) Techniques/Sciences and (5) Support. Concerning the most researched topics in the biomedical research, on 49,021 publications, we found four dimensions: (I) Clinical/Neuropsychology/Psychometry, (II) Behavioral/Language aspects, (III) Neuroscience/Neurogenetics/Neuropharmacology, (IV) Comorbidities. Conclusion: Results suggest thematics about ASD disseminated between a social media and a biomedical database are really different. Health providers are encouraged to establish a presence on social media to learn about representations, share scholarly work or just exchange information with patients and relatives concerned by ASD.
220.
Lerner, Celina
Networks of words from comments of Brazilian Facebook Public Pages Online
2019.
@online{Lerner2019b,
title = {Networks of words from comments of Brazilian Facebook Public Pages},
author = {Celina Lerner},
url = {https://zenodo.org/records/3227644
https://zenodo.org/records/3227644/files/Campanha_do_Armamento-top500-cosinecooc-oT0.55-5.pdf?download=1},
doi = {https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.3227643},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-05-24},
abstract = {Network representation of most important words of comments on Brazilian Facebook Public Pages, from 2012 to 2018.
Source: Lerner, Celina. "A mentalidade conservadora no Brasil: uma análise da interação política em redes sociais digitais" - Doctoral Thesis, PCHS/UFABC ,2019
Elaborated with CorText},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
Network representation of most important words of comments on Brazilian Facebook Public Pages, from 2012 to 2018.
Source: Lerner, Celina. "A mentalidade conservadora no Brasil: uma análise da interação política em redes sociais digitais" - Doctoral Thesis, PCHS/UFABC ,2019
Elaborated with CorText
Source: Lerner, Celina. "A mentalidade conservadora no Brasil: uma análise da interação política em redes sociais digitais" - Doctoral Thesis, PCHS/UFABC ,2019
Elaborated with CorText
221.
Kara, Atakan; Voll, Corinna; Nissen, Rasmus
Mapping Energy Technology : A supply of energy is crucial for human demands, but how do we extract, manage and access it? Online
2019.
@online{nokey,
title = {Mapping Energy Technology : A supply of energy is crucial for human demands, but how do we extract, manage and access it?},
author = {Atakan Kara and Corinna Voll and Rasmus Nissen},
url = {https://medium.com/@atakankaraa/mapping-energy-technology-85605a494488},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-02-26},
abstract = {Energy use for human plans and programs have contributed to global climate change and related crises, which in turn are impacting human relation to energy. As such, not only are new methods of energy generation, distribution and storage emerging; but also bringing along with them new modes of technical innovation and social organization.
While some of these technologies prioritize quickly securing the energy supply for humans when faced with environmental adversity (such as fracking, nuclear power…), others focus on environmental regeneration and limiting human impact on nature (such as renewable energies). Furthermore, these developments expand and warp ways in which energy is socially, politically, economically organized. Struggles about prioritization, expertise and boundaries appear which make energy technology controversial.
We want to better understand the shape of this controversy. In order to do so, we investigate the landscape of energy technology on a public open source medium. Wikipedia provides us good starting point to dive into the different themes, conflicts and shifts related to energy technology. The results of our investigation and mapping compel us to pursue the debates taking place in this realm further. Through investigating Scopus, we delve deeper into the controversy and uncover the debates in the scientific community surrounding the currently most prominent field in energy technology: renewable energy. Within the field, the controversy surrounding the methods of distribution, generation and storage of energy proved interesting, as well as the questions of efficiency and reliability which were linked externally to ‘clean’ nuclear energy.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
Energy use for human plans and programs have contributed to global climate change and related crises, which in turn are impacting human relation to energy. As such, not only are new methods of energy generation, distribution and storage emerging; but also bringing along with them new modes of technical innovation and social organization.
While some of these technologies prioritize quickly securing the energy supply for humans when faced with environmental adversity (such as fracking, nuclear power…), others focus on environmental regeneration and limiting human impact on nature (such as renewable energies). Furthermore, these developments expand and warp ways in which energy is socially, politically, economically organized. Struggles about prioritization, expertise and boundaries appear which make energy technology controversial.
We want to better understand the shape of this controversy. In order to do so, we investigate the landscape of energy technology on a public open source medium. Wikipedia provides us good starting point to dive into the different themes, conflicts and shifts related to energy technology. The results of our investigation and mapping compel us to pursue the debates taking place in this realm further. Through investigating Scopus, we delve deeper into the controversy and uncover the debates in the scientific community surrounding the currently most prominent field in energy technology: renewable energy. Within the field, the controversy surrounding the methods of distribution, generation and storage of energy proved interesting, as well as the questions of efficiency and reliability which were linked externally to ‘clean’ nuclear energy.
While some of these technologies prioritize quickly securing the energy supply for humans when faced with environmental adversity (such as fracking, nuclear power…), others focus on environmental regeneration and limiting human impact on nature (such as renewable energies). Furthermore, these developments expand and warp ways in which energy is socially, politically, economically organized. Struggles about prioritization, expertise and boundaries appear which make energy technology controversial.
We want to better understand the shape of this controversy. In order to do so, we investigate the landscape of energy technology on a public open source medium. Wikipedia provides us good starting point to dive into the different themes, conflicts and shifts related to energy technology. The results of our investigation and mapping compel us to pursue the debates taking place in this realm further. Through investigating Scopus, we delve deeper into the controversy and uncover the debates in the scientific community surrounding the currently most prominent field in energy technology: renewable energy. Within the field, the controversy surrounding the methods of distribution, generation and storage of energy proved interesting, as well as the questions of efficiency and reliability which were linked externally to ‘clean’ nuclear energy.
222.
Hasselbalch, Marie; Mayntzhusen, Trine Christensen
Mapping Controversy: vaccine controversies Online
2019, visited: 05.03.2019.
@online{Hasselbalch2019,
title = {Mapping Controversy: vaccine controversies},
author = {Marie Hasselbalch and Trine Christensen Mayntzhusen},
url = {https://medium.com/mapping-controversy-vaccine-controversies/mapping-controversy-vaccine-controversies-vaccine-hesitancy-1-hand-in-39c761aefa80},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-02-15},
urldate = {2019-03-05},
journal = {Medium},
abstract = {The controversy on vaccines is a controversy because of its embedded value based, ethical and cultural arguments (Law, J. & Singleton, V., 2014). The key issues include both scientific discussions on whether or not scientific results are valid, more specifically an example of the controversy of the Mumps, Measles and Rubella vaccine (MMR) and its relation to cause autism in children. As well as dissemination of specific arguments for or against vaccines from a broad perspective. The nuances of vaccine controversies are not only revolving around the bilateral relation of pro- and anti-vaccination, because the controversy exists of many sub-controversies and subdiscussions. This shows a controversy of high complexity and being reduction-resistant (Venturini, T., 2010a).
(Vaccine hesitancy, 2018). This controversy is mapped through an actor-network theory (ANT) approach; thus an actor is whatever makes a difference through action in a situation, human or non-human (Venturini, T., 2010a). An example of a significant actor in this specific controversy could be Andrew Wakefield, an anti-vaccine activist and former British doctor, who has had a great impact on the issue about vaccine hesitancy and connection between MMR and autism.
The first part of this article will revolve around data harvesting of a Wikipedia category and the member pages, and different networks and visualisations of these with annotations. The second half will focus on how debates on a social media platform communicate about vaccine controversies, here specifically Reddit. We would like to map how different networks occur in the vaccine controversy debate. Besides, explore the key issues and actors in the debate on vaccine controversies on both Wikipedia’s category pages (under ‘Vaccine Controversies’) and Reddit as a social media platform.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
The controversy on vaccines is a controversy because of its embedded value based, ethical and cultural arguments (Law, J. & Singleton, V., 2014). The key issues include both scientific discussions on whether or not scientific results are valid, more specifically an example of the controversy of the Mumps, Measles and Rubella vaccine (MMR) and its relation to cause autism in children. As well as dissemination of specific arguments for or against vaccines from a broad perspective. The nuances of vaccine controversies are not only revolving around the bilateral relation of pro- and anti-vaccination, because the controversy exists of many sub-controversies and subdiscussions. This shows a controversy of high complexity and being reduction-resistant (Venturini, T., 2010a).
(Vaccine hesitancy, 2018). This controversy is mapped through an actor-network theory (ANT) approach; thus an actor is whatever makes a difference through action in a situation, human or non-human (Venturini, T., 2010a). An example of a significant actor in this specific controversy could be Andrew Wakefield, an anti-vaccine activist and former British doctor, who has had a great impact on the issue about vaccine hesitancy and connection between MMR and autism.
The first part of this article will revolve around data harvesting of a Wikipedia category and the member pages, and different networks and visualisations of these with annotations. The second half will focus on how debates on a social media platform communicate about vaccine controversies, here specifically Reddit. We would like to map how different networks occur in the vaccine controversy debate. Besides, explore the key issues and actors in the debate on vaccine controversies on both Wikipedia’s category pages (under ‘Vaccine Controversies’) and Reddit as a social media platform.
(Vaccine hesitancy, 2018). This controversy is mapped through an actor-network theory (ANT) approach; thus an actor is whatever makes a difference through action in a situation, human or non-human (Venturini, T., 2010a). An example of a significant actor in this specific controversy could be Andrew Wakefield, an anti-vaccine activist and former British doctor, who has had a great impact on the issue about vaccine hesitancy and connection between MMR and autism.
The first part of this article will revolve around data harvesting of a Wikipedia category and the member pages, and different networks and visualisations of these with annotations. The second half will focus on how debates on a social media platform communicate about vaccine controversies, here specifically Reddit. We would like to map how different networks occur in the vaccine controversy debate. Besides, explore the key issues and actors in the debate on vaccine controversies on both Wikipedia’s category pages (under ‘Vaccine Controversies’) and Reddit as a social media platform.
223.
Thorsen, Ann-Sofie; Kamstrup, Jeppe; de Neergaard, Rasmus; van den Heuvel., Johannes
Mapping Controversies: Abortion Debate (Wikipedia & arenas for debate) Online
2019, visited: 05.03.2019.
@online{Thorsen2019,
title = {Mapping Controversies: Abortion Debate (Wikipedia & arenas for debate)},
author = {Ann-Sofie Thorsen and Jeppe Kamstrup and Rasmus de Neergaard and Johannes van den Heuvel.},
url = {https://towardsdatascience.com/mapping-controversies-abortion-debate-7235029fc6d9},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-02-15},
urldate = {2019-03-05},
journal = {Medium},
series = {Towards Data Sciences},
abstract = {The discussion surrounding this subject is one that has been around since the act of abortion became a possibility. While it is often easy to find the controversy outside in the real world, we went to Wikipedia to investigate how an online encyclopaedia that pursues neutrality would present it. Through the use of digital methods and harvesting online data we investigate how the abortion debate unfolds itself in the arena of Wikipedia. Our finding perhaps shows us more about how Wikipedia and the Anglo-American world functions when it tries to settle controversial topics in society.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
The discussion surrounding this subject is one that has been around since the act of abortion became a possibility. While it is often easy to find the controversy outside in the real world, we went to Wikipedia to investigate how an online encyclopaedia that pursues neutrality would present it. Through the use of digital methods and harvesting online data we investigate how the abortion debate unfolds itself in the arena of Wikipedia. Our finding perhaps shows us more about how Wikipedia and the Anglo-American world functions when it tries to settle controversial topics in society.
224.
Barbier, Marc; Cointet, Jean-Philippe
2019.
@online{Barbier2019,
title = {Using the CorTexT-Risis Platform for Research in Science-Policy-Studies and Science-Technology-Studies},
author = {Marc Barbier and Jean-Philippe Cointet},
url = {https://zenodo.org/records/2560351
},
doi = {https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.2560350},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-02-08},
abstract = {The objective of the course is to introduce participants to the uses of the RISIS.CorTexT platform, a research facility in S&T Studies proposed under the RISIS Infrastructure Project. Thanks to short lectures, demos, workshop and practical training participants should get enough skills to develop research work on various types of Data Base that trace science and innovation dynamics. Existing RISIS databases will be mobilized (like Patstat, Web of Science, Corporate Invention Board, EUPRO and others) and possibly other datasets that participants could bring.
The course will focus on three majors inputs:
• An overall view of the scientific and technological landscape of platforms of Digital Humanities and a synthesis of the key heuristics that ground the Platform.
• A step by step demonstration of how to use the CorTexT.Risis Platform
• A learning-by-doing approach of using the various potentialities of the RISIS.CorTexT platform.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
The objective of the course is to introduce participants to the uses of the RISIS.CorTexT platform, a research facility in S&T Studies proposed under the RISIS Infrastructure Project. Thanks to short lectures, demos, workshop and practical training participants should get enough skills to develop research work on various types of Data Base that trace science and innovation dynamics. Existing RISIS databases will be mobilized (like Patstat, Web of Science, Corporate Invention Board, EUPRO and others) and possibly other datasets that participants could bring.
The course will focus on three majors inputs:
• An overall view of the scientific and technological landscape of platforms of Digital Humanities and a synthesis of the key heuristics that ground the Platform.
• A step by step demonstration of how to use the CorTexT.Risis Platform
• A learning-by-doing approach of using the various potentialities of the RISIS.CorTexT platform.
The course will focus on three majors inputs:
• An overall view of the scientific and technological landscape of platforms of Digital Humanities and a synthesis of the key heuristics that ground the Platform.
• A step by step demonstration of how to use the CorTexT.Risis Platform
• A learning-by-doing approach of using the various potentialities of the RISIS.CorTexT platform.
225.
Helmond, Anne; van der Vlist, Fernando; Weltevrede, Esther; Geiger, Taylor; van Zeeland, Ine; Stefanija, Ana Pop; Ibanez, Fernanda; Wolny, Julia
Medicate or Meditate; the App Store’s Solutions for Anxiety and Stress Online
(DMI), The Digital Methods Initiative (Ed.): 2019, visited: 12.01.2019.
@online{Helmond2019,
title = {Medicate or Meditate; the App Store’s Solutions for Anxiety and Stress},
author = {Anne Helmond and Fernando van der Vlist and Esther Weltevrede and Taylor Geiger and Ine van Zeeland and Ana Pop Stefanija and Fernanda Ibanez and Julia Wolny},
editor = {The Digital Methods Initiative (DMI)},
url = {https://digitalmethods.net/Dmi/SummerSchool2018AppStoresBiasMedicateMeditate},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-12},
urldate = {2019-01-12},
abstract = {The number of mobile health (mHealth) apps is rising in an unprecedented manner, and as the American Psychiatric Association notes: “Psychiatry and mental health are no exception, and there are thousands of apps targeting mental health conditions that are directly available for patients to download and use today.” [1] However, there is very little review or oversight for these apps, and as a consequence, users of these apps can receive incorrect or ineffective advice, while the mental health effects of using the apps are often overstated by their developers.
Smartphones are turning into an epistemological device, we turn to them for solutions. When you detect an issue, you turn to your smartphone to find out more. Nearly half of the queries in Google Play Store are broad searches by topic [2] (rather than specific searches for a particular app), showing that users generally turn to their smartphone app store for relevant solutions to broad issues.
When it comes to regular Google search, according to Noble (2018: 155): “In practice, the higher a web page is ranked, the more it is trusted. Unlike the vetting of journalists and librarians, who are entrusted to fact check and curate information for the public according to professional codes of ethics, the legitimacy of websites’ ranking and credibility is simply taken for granted.” Similar to website search results ranking, users accord a certain degree of authority to relevance rankings in app stores, meaning that the order and ranking presented by app stores confers some sort of recommendation to the apps based on the app store’s search results presentation.
In an attempt to make the app store affordances work for them, app developers engage in app store optimization (ASO), trying to end up highly in an app store's search results. With millions of apps available in the bigger app stores, like Google’s (>3 million apps) and Apple’s (>2 million apps), the possibility of a particular app being found is dropping. Common ASO tactics that developers deploy to improve discoverability among millions of other apps, are focused on finding popular keywords to include in the app’s name and subtitle, its ID, and its description.
The growing number of mental health apps, many of which undoubtedly engage in ASO, raises a number of questions: How is mental health represented in the Google Play Store and the Apple App Store? Which solutions does a smartphone user find for mental health issues in these app stores? How do technologists look at the issue of mental health? Which tactics are developers deploying to rank higher? What solutions do they promise and can they deliver? This study addresses these questions by exploring the sphere of mental health apps in the two biggest app stores, focusing on store-mediated ‘relatedness’ between apps and recommendations in the app stores. We glean how the app search engine and how it is manipulated influence what users will find. Lastly, we gauge what kinds of solutions users are presented with when they search for mental health issues.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
The number of mobile health (mHealth) apps is rising in an unprecedented manner, and as the American Psychiatric Association notes: “Psychiatry and mental health are no exception, and there are thousands of apps targeting mental health conditions that are directly available for patients to download and use today.” [1] However, there is very little review or oversight for these apps, and as a consequence, users of these apps can receive incorrect or ineffective advice, while the mental health effects of using the apps are often overstated by their developers.
Smartphones are turning into an epistemological device, we turn to them for solutions. When you detect an issue, you turn to your smartphone to find out more. Nearly half of the queries in Google Play Store are broad searches by topic [2] (rather than specific searches for a particular app), showing that users generally turn to their smartphone app store for relevant solutions to broad issues.
When it comes to regular Google search, according to Noble (2018: 155): “In practice, the higher a web page is ranked, the more it is trusted. Unlike the vetting of journalists and librarians, who are entrusted to fact check and curate information for the public according to professional codes of ethics, the legitimacy of websites’ ranking and credibility is simply taken for granted.” Similar to website search results ranking, users accord a certain degree of authority to relevance rankings in app stores, meaning that the order and ranking presented by app stores confers some sort of recommendation to the apps based on the app store’s search results presentation.
In an attempt to make the app store affordances work for them, app developers engage in app store optimization (ASO), trying to end up highly in an app store's search results. With millions of apps available in the bigger app stores, like Google’s (>3 million apps) and Apple’s (>2 million apps), the possibility of a particular app being found is dropping. Common ASO tactics that developers deploy to improve discoverability among millions of other apps, are focused on finding popular keywords to include in the app’s name and subtitle, its ID, and its description.
The growing number of mental health apps, many of which undoubtedly engage in ASO, raises a number of questions: How is mental health represented in the Google Play Store and the Apple App Store? Which solutions does a smartphone user find for mental health issues in these app stores? How do technologists look at the issue of mental health? Which tactics are developers deploying to rank higher? What solutions do they promise and can they deliver? This study addresses these questions by exploring the sphere of mental health apps in the two biggest app stores, focusing on store-mediated ‘relatedness’ between apps and recommendations in the app stores. We glean how the app search engine and how it is manipulated influence what users will find. Lastly, we gauge what kinds of solutions users are presented with when they search for mental health issues.
Smartphones are turning into an epistemological device, we turn to them for solutions. When you detect an issue, you turn to your smartphone to find out more. Nearly half of the queries in Google Play Store are broad searches by topic [2] (rather than specific searches for a particular app), showing that users generally turn to their smartphone app store for relevant solutions to broad issues.
When it comes to regular Google search, according to Noble (2018: 155): “In practice, the higher a web page is ranked, the more it is trusted. Unlike the vetting of journalists and librarians, who are entrusted to fact check and curate information for the public according to professional codes of ethics, the legitimacy of websites’ ranking and credibility is simply taken for granted.” Similar to website search results ranking, users accord a certain degree of authority to relevance rankings in app stores, meaning that the order and ranking presented by app stores confers some sort of recommendation to the apps based on the app store’s search results presentation.
In an attempt to make the app store affordances work for them, app developers engage in app store optimization (ASO), trying to end up highly in an app store's search results. With millions of apps available in the bigger app stores, like Google’s (>3 million apps) and Apple’s (>2 million apps), the possibility of a particular app being found is dropping. Common ASO tactics that developers deploy to improve discoverability among millions of other apps, are focused on finding popular keywords to include in the app’s name and subtitle, its ID, and its description.
The growing number of mental health apps, many of which undoubtedly engage in ASO, raises a number of questions: How is mental health represented in the Google Play Store and the Apple App Store? Which solutions does a smartphone user find for mental health issues in these app stores? How do technologists look at the issue of mental health? Which tactics are developers deploying to rank higher? What solutions do they promise and can they deliver? This study addresses these questions by exploring the sphere of mental health apps in the two biggest app stores, focusing on store-mediated ‘relatedness’ between apps and recommendations in the app stores. We glean how the app search engine and how it is manipulated influence what users will find. Lastly, we gauge what kinds of solutions users are presented with when they search for mental health issues.
PhD Theses
226.
Milia, Matías Federico
Energy as a Horizon. A Study of the Evolution of a Global Research Area on Renewable Energies and its Specificities in Mexico and Argentina between 1992 and 2016. PhD Thesis
Flacso, México, 2019, (ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8474-5373).
@phdthesis{Milia2019,
title = {Energy as a Horizon. A Study of the Evolution of a Global Research Area on Renewable Energies and its Specificities in Mexico and Argentina between 1992 and 2016.},
author = {Matías Federico Milia},
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350358514_Global_trends_local_threads_The_Thematic_Orientation_of_Renewable_Energy_Research_in_Mexico_and_Argentina_between_1992_and_2016
},
doi = {/10.5530/jscires.10.1.x},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-09-01},
urldate = {2019-09-01},
school = {Flacso, México},
abstract = {Scientific research has been thought of as a major tool to face the great challenges of our time. By stressing the role of concepts as governance technologies that mediate between science and society, this thesis builds on the emergence and consolidation of a research area around the concept of Renewable Energies. It focuses on the time span that goes from 1992 to 2016, a 26-year period where a climate governance scheme has emerged and given a global relevance to the quest for new forms of energy. Building on the analysis of scientific literature, it takes special attention to the different ways researchers all over the world have interpreted this same concept. It highlights two national cases, namely Argentina and México, stressing how these two Latin-American countries have inserted themselves in a global scenario. At the same time, it takes special attention to the national specificities of their own enterprises. Using methods from computational social sciences, it analyses the ways that social relevance has been constructed on parliamentary debates and national press. This work shows how different thematic clusters develop around the concept of renewables and how they evolve over time and take mainly national particularities. It builds conclusions from a theoretical and methodological point of view by problematizing the current knowledge production regime, its growing strategic bias and the ways that new knowledge production frames can be thought of when facing future-oriented questions.},
note = {ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8474-5373},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
Scientific research has been thought of as a major tool to face the great challenges of our time. By stressing the role of concepts as governance technologies that mediate between science and society, this thesis builds on the emergence and consolidation of a research area around the concept of Renewable Energies. It focuses on the time span that goes from 1992 to 2016, a 26-year period where a climate governance scheme has emerged and given a global relevance to the quest for new forms of energy. Building on the analysis of scientific literature, it takes special attention to the different ways researchers all over the world have interpreted this same concept. It highlights two national cases, namely Argentina and México, stressing how these two Latin-American countries have inserted themselves in a global scenario. At the same time, it takes special attention to the national specificities of their own enterprises. Using methods from computational social sciences, it analyses the ways that social relevance has been constructed on parliamentary debates and national press. This work shows how different thematic clusters develop around the concept of renewables and how they evolve over time and take mainly national particularities. It builds conclusions from a theoretical and methodological point of view by problematizing the current knowledge production regime, its growing strategic bias and the ways that new knowledge production frames can be thought of when facing future-oriented questions.
227.
Rabinovich, Joel
The Profit-Investment Puzzle under Financialisation : An empirical enquiry on financial and productive accumulation by non-financial corporations PhD Thesis
Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019, (HAL Id : tel-02957676 , version 1).
@phdthesis{Rabinovich2019,
title = {The Profit-Investment Puzzle under Financialisation : An empirical enquiry on financial and productive accumulation by non-financial corporations},
author = {Joel Rabinovich},
url = {https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02957676},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-07-09},
urldate = {2019-07-09},
school = {Université Sorbonne Paris Cité},
abstract = {This thesis studies the different strategies that have allowed listed non-financial corporations to remain profitable while investing less and increasingly distributing funds to shareholders under financialisation. This feeble link between profitability and investment is usually denominated as the profit-investment puzzle. Part 1 of this thesis locates historically and theoretically this puzzle. Whereas the financialisation literature has generally been limited to show the negative effects of the distribution of funds to share holders for capital expenditures, we show that the coexistence of high levels of profits (and payouts) with low levels of investment was possible due to the simultaneous engagement of these non-financial corporations in other activities. Part 2 examines one type of answer that we denominate the financial turn of accumulation. The solution to the puzzle in this case implies a shift in the activities of NFCs to financial accumulation and profits. However, throughout this part we provide substantive evidence that rejects this alternative. Part 3 of the thesis moves away from financial accumulation and directs towards the realm of the productive sphere by focusing on production offshoring and intangible accumulation. This part, contrary to the previous one, provides strong and promising results in the explanation of the puzzle.},
note = {HAL Id : tel-02957676 , version 1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
This thesis studies the different strategies that have allowed listed non-financial corporations to remain profitable while investing less and increasingly distributing funds to shareholders under financialisation. This feeble link between profitability and investment is usually denominated as the profit-investment puzzle. Part 1 of this thesis locates historically and theoretically this puzzle. Whereas the financialisation literature has generally been limited to show the negative effects of the distribution of funds to share holders for capital expenditures, we show that the coexistence of high levels of profits (and payouts) with low levels of investment was possible due to the simultaneous engagement of these non-financial corporations in other activities. Part 2 examines one type of answer that we denominate the financial turn of accumulation. The solution to the puzzle in this case implies a shift in the activities of NFCs to financial accumulation and profits. However, throughout this part we provide substantive evidence that rejects this alternative. Part 3 of the thesis moves away from financial accumulation and directs towards the realm of the productive sphere by focusing on production offshoring and intangible accumulation. This part, contrary to the previous one, provides strong and promising results in the explanation of the puzzle.
228.
Perruchas, François
Green Innovation: an empirical analysis of technology, skills and policy PhD Thesis
Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria del Disseny , 2019.
@phdthesis{Perruchas2019,
title = {Green Innovation: an empirical analysis of technology, skills and policy},
author = {François Perruchas},
url = {https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/119965},
doi = {10.4995/Thesis/10251/119965},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-05-22},
urldate = {2019-05-22},
school = {Universitat Politècnica de València. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería del Diseño - Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria del Disseny },
abstract = {The foreseeable outcomes of the transition towards low-carbon economies are multiple and affect in different ways policy-makers, world regions, firms and consumers. It has long been acknowledged that at the core of this transition stand environmental innovations which are developed to enhance the long-term sustainability of economic growth. The main pillars of this study are two. First, environmental challenges are different, and so are the responses that are needed to tackle them. The main consequence of this is that the current focus on green technology as a homogeneous block of undifferentiated entities is misleading. Second, the adaptation of production and distribution systems is ultimately carried through by human labour and analysing the transition to environmentally sustainable societies requires a thorough understanding of how work activities are designed, implemented and changed to accommodate new policy imperatives and/or new technological opportunities. Empirical evidence on either of these two pillars is scant or fragmented. The present thesis seeks to fill these gaps through the development of a database on green innovations, of a measure of the life cycle of green technologies, and of the corresponding explorations to scrutinize the relation between green technology production, the territories' characteristics and skills' base of labour market over time and space. The dataset is created identifying green patent in PATSTAT 2016a database using ENV-TECH classification (OECD, 2016) and geolocalizing their inventors. The result is a database covering green innovation worldwide from the 19$^{th}$ century to 2015, even if the period studied is smaller: 1970-2010. This dataset permits a first overview of green technologies evolution over time and space, where we can see differences in terms of country evolution and among technologies in terms of complexity, maybe related with the presence of an heteregeneous body of emerging and mature technologies. To explore further this hypothesis, we develop a methodology to measure technology life cycle stages, and we apply it to understand the patterns of evolution of green technology production at country level. We find that capabilities are more important than wealth to diversify in green innovation, and mature green technologies are positively associated with specialization. We continue the exploration of the relation between local capabilities, life cycle and patent activity in US federal states where we discover that green innovation is more associated than innovation in general with the recombination of distant knowledge, especially in early phases of the life cycle. Finally, we investigate at US commuting zones level the effects of public procurement on green innovation, taking into account local capabilities again, but using labour market skills instead of knowledge recombination variety. We find that green public procurement has a positive and significant effect, in particular in territories with an important share of abstract skills in labour population.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
The foreseeable outcomes of the transition towards low-carbon economies are multiple and affect in different ways policy-makers, world regions, firms and consumers. It has long been acknowledged that at the core of this transition stand environmental innovations which are developed to enhance the long-term sustainability of economic growth. The main pillars of this study are two. First, environmental challenges are different, and so are the responses that are needed to tackle them. The main consequence of this is that the current focus on green technology as a homogeneous block of undifferentiated entities is misleading. Second, the adaptation of production and distribution systems is ultimately carried through by human labour and analysing the transition to environmentally sustainable societies requires a thorough understanding of how work activities are designed, implemented and changed to accommodate new policy imperatives and/or new technological opportunities. Empirical evidence on either of these two pillars is scant or fragmented. The present thesis seeks to fill these gaps through the development of a database on green innovations, of a measure of the life cycle of green technologies, and of the corresponding explorations to scrutinize the relation between green technology production, the territories' characteristics and skills' base of labour market over time and space. The dataset is created identifying green patent in PATSTAT 2016a database using ENV-TECH classification (OECD, 2016) and geolocalizing their inventors. The result is a database covering green innovation worldwide from the 19$^{th}$ century to 2015, even if the period studied is smaller: 1970-2010. This dataset permits a first overview of green technologies evolution over time and space, where we can see differences in terms of country evolution and among technologies in terms of complexity, maybe related with the presence of an heteregeneous body of emerging and mature technologies. To explore further this hypothesis, we develop a methodology to measure technology life cycle stages, and we apply it to understand the patterns of evolution of green technology production at country level. We find that capabilities are more important than wealth to diversify in green innovation, and mature green technologies are positively associated with specialization. We continue the exploration of the relation between local capabilities, life cycle and patent activity in US federal states where we discover that green innovation is more associated than innovation in general with the recombination of distant knowledge, especially in early phases of the life cycle. Finally, we investigate at US commuting zones level the effects of public procurement on green innovation, taking into account local capabilities again, but using labour market skills instead of knowledge recombination variety. We find that green public procurement has a positive and significant effect, in particular in territories with an important share of abstract skills in labour population.
Technical Reports
229.
Loconto, Allison; Silva-Castañeda, Laura; Arnold, Nadine; Jimenez, Alejandra
Participatory Analysis of the Use and Impact of the Fairtrade Premium Technical Report
2019.
@techreport{Loconto2019,
title = {Participatory Analysis of the Use and Impact of the Fairtrade Premium},
author = {Allison Loconto and Laura Silva-Castañeda and Nadine Arnold and Alejandra Jimenez},
url = {https://files.fairtrade.net/publications/2019_LISIS_UseImpactFairtradePremium.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-01},
abstract = {This study was commissioned by Fairtrade Germany and Fairtrade International. It was carried out by a team of researchers working with the Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM) in the Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Sciences Innovations et Sociétés (LISIS). LISIS is an interdisciplinary research laboratory devoted to the study of science and innovations in society and is specifically renowned for its expertise on agri-food systems. It brings together 35 researchers and professors and 30 PhD and postdoctoral fellows from three core research disciplines: science and technology studies (STS), organization studies and digital studies.
The project team was led by Dr. Allison Marie Loconto and included Dr. Laura Silva-Castañeda, Dr. Nadine Arnold and Ms. Alejandra Jimenez. The field research for the five case studies was carried out directly by the team. The African cases were conducted by Drs. Loconto and Arnold while the South American cases were conducted by Dr. Silva and Ms. Jimenez. Dr. Marc Barbier provided technical support for the CorTexT and IRaMuTeQ analysis used in this study.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
This study was commissioned by Fairtrade Germany and Fairtrade International. It was carried out by a team of researchers working with the Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM) in the Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Sciences Innovations et Sociétés (LISIS). LISIS is an interdisciplinary research laboratory devoted to the study of science and innovations in society and is specifically renowned for its expertise on agri-food systems. It brings together 35 researchers and professors and 30 PhD and postdoctoral fellows from three core research disciplines: science and technology studies (STS), organization studies and digital studies.
The project team was led by Dr. Allison Marie Loconto and included Dr. Laura Silva-Castañeda, Dr. Nadine Arnold and Ms. Alejandra Jimenez. The field research for the five case studies was carried out directly by the team. The African cases were conducted by Drs. Loconto and Arnold while the South American cases were conducted by Dr. Silva and Ms. Jimenez. Dr. Marc Barbier provided technical support for the CorTexT and IRaMuTeQ analysis used in this study.
The project team was led by Dr. Allison Marie Loconto and included Dr. Laura Silva-Castañeda, Dr. Nadine Arnold and Ms. Alejandra Jimenez. The field research for the five case studies was carried out directly by the team. The African cases were conducted by Drs. Loconto and Arnold while the South American cases were conducted by Dr. Silva and Ms. Jimenez. Dr. Marc Barbier provided technical support for the CorTexT and IRaMuTeQ analysis used in this study.
2018
Journal Articles
230.
Nicot, Rose; Bellon, Stéphane; Loconto, Allison; Ollivier, Guillaume
The European networks of research, education and training stakeholders in agroecology Journal Article
In: Open Agriculture, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 537–552, 2018.
@article{Nicot2018,
title = {The European networks of research, education and training stakeholders in agroecology},
author = {Rose Nicot and Stéphane Bellon and Allison Loconto and Guillaume Ollivier},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2018-0058},
doi = {10.1515/opag-2018-0058},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-12-05},
urldate = {2018-12-05},
journal = {Open Agriculture},
volume = {3},
number = {1},
pages = {537–552},
abstract = {In Europe, agroecology has become the center of many debates that animate political and professional arenas, particularly regarding the definition and scope of the concept itself. This paper attempts to understand the ways that the term agroecology is conceptualized by different participantsparticipants and how these concepts circulate so as to explore the interests at stake in the institutionalization of agroecology within the research and education institutions of Europe. We address the core research question of: what dynamics emerge in the networks of European stakeholders of agroecology? By combining different approaches of institutionalization based on network and discourse analysis, we study the dynamics of research, education and training organizations. We identify 10 different concepts of agroecology, distributed among 103 organizations. The significant difference that has been observed between the agroecological concepts in research and those in education/training emphasizes the gap between these two disciplines. The latter support a more political, transdisciplinary and holistic view of agroecology when compared to the former. Moreover, collaboration among European agroecology stakeholders is limited in both research and education/training. We also found that in most cases, collaboration between scholars does not guarantee a shared notion of agroecology, and conversely, sharing the same notion of agroecology does not assure collaboration. This led us to question the feasibility of institutionalizing agroecology and the missing link between a shared vision and the collective mobilization of stakeholders around a strong agroecology programme.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In Europe, agroecology has become the center of many debates that animate political and professional arenas, particularly regarding the definition and scope of the concept itself. This paper attempts to understand the ways that the term agroecology is conceptualized by different participantsparticipants and how these concepts circulate so as to explore the interests at stake in the institutionalization of agroecology within the research and education institutions of Europe. We address the core research question of: what dynamics emerge in the networks of European stakeholders of agroecology? By combining different approaches of institutionalization based on network and discourse analysis, we study the dynamics of research, education and training organizations. We identify 10 different concepts of agroecology, distributed among 103 organizations. The significant difference that has been observed between the agroecological concepts in research and those in education/training emphasizes the gap between these two disciplines. The latter support a more political, transdisciplinary and holistic view of agroecology when compared to the former. Moreover, collaboration among European agroecology stakeholders is limited in both research and education/training. We also found that in most cases, collaboration between scholars does not guarantee a shared notion of agroecology, and conversely, sharing the same notion of agroecology does not assure collaboration. This led us to question the feasibility of institutionalizing agroecology and the missing link between a shared vision and the collective mobilization of stakeholders around a strong agroecology programme.
231.
Réchauchère, Olivier; Akkari, Monia El; Perchec, Sophie Le; Makowski, David; Gabrielle, Benoît; Bispo, Antonio
An Innovative Methodological Framework for Analyzing Existing Scientific Research on Land-Use Change and Associated Environmental Impacts Journal Article
In: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol. 30, pp. 1-13, 2018.
@article{Réchauchère2018,
title = {An Innovative Methodological Framework for Analyzing Existing Scientific Research on Land-Use Change and Associated Environmental Impacts},
author = {Olivier Réchauchère and Monia El Akkari and Sophie Le Perchec and David Makowski and Benoît Gabrielle and Antonio Bispo},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4_1},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4_1},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-12-04},
urldate = {2018-12-04},
journal = {Sustainable Agriculture Reviews},
volume = { 30},
pages = {1-13},
abstract = {This article describes an original approach to surveying and analyzing the existing body of scientific research on (1) the effects of various forms of reorganization in agriculture, forestry, and spatial planning on land-use change (LUC) and (2) the impacts of that LUC on the environment. Our approach consisted of four principal steps: (i) identification of references using a bibliographic search process; (ii) description of the references’ key features (publication date, journal of publication, etc.); (iii) textual analysis of the articles and identification of thematic sub-groups; (iv) systematic examination of a subset of the corpus using an reading grid followed by an analysis of the results. Our findings show that the majority of publications relating to the environmental impacts of LUC were published after 2000, and amount to a corpus of more than 5700 articles. The scientific journals involved are diverse in nature, with some being general in focus and others more specialized and technical. A lexical analysis performed using the digital platform CorTexT, developed by IFRIS (Institute for Research and Innovation in Society, a research consortium based in the Paris region. http://ifris.org/), enabled us to identify several themes within this corpus, in terms of both the types of reorganizations considered and the types of impacts examined. A more detailed analysis was conducted on a subset of articles dealing with the production of non-food biomass. The results show that, within this sub-group, the environmental impacts most often studied are those relating to climate, soil, and water. Our approach demonstrates the utility of textual analysis as a partially automated method for identifying, in broad outline, the topics addressed within a large-scale corpus. As with a search by keywords, however, this type of textual analysis cannot guarantee that all the articles classed within a category genuinely address the corresponding topic. Among those articles assigned by CorTexT to the sub-group on non-food biomass (1785 articles), the majority proved not relevant to our chosen topic, and only 241 articles were ultimately selected. This selection phase could not be fully automated and required a close reading of titles, abstracts, and often main texts by human experts. The use of precise criteria for selection and a formal reading grid are helpful in limiting the risk of bias and ensuring a level of transparence in the analytical process. Implementation of such an approach is time-consumptive, however, and requires considerable human effort.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article describes an original approach to surveying and analyzing the existing body of scientific research on (1) the effects of various forms of reorganization in agriculture, forestry, and spatial planning on land-use change (LUC) and (2) the impacts of that LUC on the environment. Our approach consisted of four principal steps: (i) identification of references using a bibliographic search process; (ii) description of the references’ key features (publication date, journal of publication, etc.); (iii) textual analysis of the articles and identification of thematic sub-groups; (iv) systematic examination of a subset of the corpus using an reading grid followed by an analysis of the results. Our findings show that the majority of publications relating to the environmental impacts of LUC were published after 2000, and amount to a corpus of more than 5700 articles. The scientific journals involved are diverse in nature, with some being general in focus and others more specialized and technical. A lexical analysis performed using the digital platform CorTexT, developed by IFRIS (Institute for Research and Innovation in Society, a research consortium based in the Paris region. http://ifris.org/), enabled us to identify several themes within this corpus, in terms of both the types of reorganizations considered and the types of impacts examined. A more detailed analysis was conducted on a subset of articles dealing with the production of non-food biomass. The results show that, within this sub-group, the environmental impacts most often studied are those relating to climate, soil, and water. Our approach demonstrates the utility of textual analysis as a partially automated method for identifying, in broad outline, the topics addressed within a large-scale corpus. As with a search by keywords, however, this type of textual analysis cannot guarantee that all the articles classed within a category genuinely address the corresponding topic. Among those articles assigned by CorTexT to the sub-group on non-food biomass (1785 articles), the majority proved not relevant to our chosen topic, and only 241 articles were ultimately selected. This selection phase could not be fully automated and required a close reading of titles, abstracts, and often main texts by human experts. The use of precise criteria for selection and a formal reading grid are helpful in limiting the risk of bias and ensuring a level of transparence in the analytical process. Implementation of such an approach is time-consumptive, however, and requires considerable human effort.
232.
Poletti, Chiara; Michieli, Marco
Smart cities, social media platforms and security: online content regulation as a site of controversy and conflict Journal Article
In: City, Territory and Architecture, vol. 5, no. 20, 2018.
@article{Poletti2018,
title = {Smart cities, social media platforms and security: online content regulation as a site of controversy and conflict},
author = {Chiara Poletti and Marco Michieli},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s40410-018-0096-2},
doi = {10.1186/s40410-018-0096-2},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-13},
urldate = {2018-11-13},
journal = {City, Territory and Architecture},
volume = {5},
number = {20},
abstract = {Smart, technologically managed city-regions are one of the main characteristics of the contemporary world. Since the attack to the Charlie Hebdo offices, city-regions and social media digital technologies have increasingly been changing the definition of ‘territory of security’ and ‘security governance’. What are the characteristics of the security architecture created by the interaction of smart city-regions and digital technologies? Drawing from Actor-Network theory and Science and Technology Studies, we provide an empirical account of the shape of this new territory, by presenting a study of the controversy concerning security and social media in UK, the role of cities in this changed security space, and how social sciences can help better understand and respond to the opportunities and threats of smart cities.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Smart, technologically managed city-regions are one of the main characteristics of the contemporary world. Since the attack to the Charlie Hebdo offices, city-regions and social media digital technologies have increasingly been changing the definition of ‘territory of security’ and ‘security governance’. What are the characteristics of the security architecture created by the interaction of smart city-regions and digital technologies? Drawing from Actor-Network theory and Science and Technology Studies, we provide an empirical account of the shape of this new territory, by presenting a study of the controversy concerning security and social media in UK, the role of cities in this changed security space, and how social sciences can help better understand and respond to the opportunities and threats of smart cities.
233.
O’Halloran, Sharyn; Chen, Karen; Biswas, Rudra M Guha; Kim, Hoon; Liu, Pu; Zhang, YouFei; Zhou, YunPeng
Delegating Regulation: European Union and Financial Markets Journal Article
In: Annales des Mines - Réalités industrielles, vol. 2018, no. 4, pp. 91-111 , 2018.
@article{O’Halloran2018,
title = {Delegating Regulation: European Union and Financial Markets},
author = {Sharyn O’Halloran and Karen Chen and Rudra M Guha Biswas and Hoon Kim and Pu Liu and YouFei Zhang and YunPeng Zhou},
url = {https://www.cairn.info/revue-realites-industrielles-2018-4-page-91.htm},
doi = {10.3917/rindu1.184.0091},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-01},
urldate = {2018-11-01},
journal = {Annales des Mines - Réalités industrielles},
volume = {2018},
number = {4},
pages = {91-111 },
abstract = {This paper analyzes the design of financial regulatory structure in the European Union. We develop a two-pronged approach to track changes in decision-making authority in EU financial market regulations and directives enacted from 1964 to the present. Traditional observational data collection methods manually code laws to identify the amount of discretionary authority delegated to regulatory bodies that oversee segments of financial markets. The lack of robustness and scalability of this approach, however, may limit the generalizability of observational studies. To remedy these potential shortcomings, we match observational methods with data science techniques, in particular natural language processing, to visualize complex patterns in the text of laws and temporal movements. The combination of both observational and computational approaches provides more detailed insights of the various elements of financial regulatory structure and the temporal allocation of decision-making authority among the European Commission, regulatory agencies and the Members States. Our analysis indicates that both the scope and location of decision-making authority shifted over time, moving from Member States to EU regulatory agencies. The amount of discretionary authority delegated to EU agencies to implement regulations, on the other hand, has remained largely unchanged.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper analyzes the design of financial regulatory structure in the European Union. We develop a two-pronged approach to track changes in decision-making authority in EU financial market regulations and directives enacted from 1964 to the present. Traditional observational data collection methods manually code laws to identify the amount of discretionary authority delegated to regulatory bodies that oversee segments of financial markets. The lack of robustness and scalability of this approach, however, may limit the generalizability of observational studies. To remedy these potential shortcomings, we match observational methods with data science techniques, in particular natural language processing, to visualize complex patterns in the text of laws and temporal movements. The combination of both observational and computational approaches provides more detailed insights of the various elements of financial regulatory structure and the temporal allocation of decision-making authority among the European Commission, regulatory agencies and the Members States. Our analysis indicates that both the scope and location of decision-making authority shifted over time, moving from Member States to EU regulatory agencies. The amount of discretionary authority delegated to EU agencies to implement regulations, on the other hand, has remained largely unchanged.
234.
Robinson, Douglas K. R.; Lagnau, Axel; Boon, Wouter P. C.
In: Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2018.
@article{Robinson2018,
title = {Innovation pathways in additive manufacturing: Methods for tracing emerging and branching paths from rapid prototyping to alternative applications},
author = {Douglas K.R. Robinson and Axel Lagnau and Wouter P.C. Boon},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.07.012},
doi = {10.1016/j.techfore.2018.07.012},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-07-26},
urldate = {2018-07-26},
journal = {Technological Forecasting and Social Change},
abstract = {In recent years, the Forecasting Innovation Pathway approach (FIP) has shown to be a promising set of tools to capture potential developments in emerging fields through capturing indications of endogenous futures. However, the FIP approach is reliant on a clear demarcated area to study, a challenge for emerging technology fields where uncertainty and rhetoric abound. This paper presents an addition to the FIP toolbox that helps characterise and demarcate boundaries of emerging fields to allow for deeper analysis through other FIP methods. We illustrate this approach through an exercise for 3D printing technology (also known as Additive Manufacturing). We show that 3D printing can be represented by a dominant design: a tri-partite configuration of printer, material and digital design software. In the past decade we have seen significant branching from applications in rapid-prototyping to medical, fashion, aeronautics and supply chain management with a variety of elements coming together in tri-partite configurations. The paper adds to the current FTA literature an approach building on evolutionary theories of technical change to help with such situations – emerging, evolving and branching ‘innovation pathways’. Moreover, we developed a methodology to construct these innovation paths.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In recent years, the Forecasting Innovation Pathway approach (FIP) has shown to be a promising set of tools to capture potential developments in emerging fields through capturing indications of endogenous futures. However, the FIP approach is reliant on a clear demarcated area to study, a challenge for emerging technology fields where uncertainty and rhetoric abound. This paper presents an addition to the FIP toolbox that helps characterise and demarcate boundaries of emerging fields to allow for deeper analysis through other FIP methods. We illustrate this approach through an exercise for 3D printing technology (also known as Additive Manufacturing). We show that 3D printing can be represented by a dominant design: a tri-partite configuration of printer, material and digital design software. In the past decade we have seen significant branching from applications in rapid-prototyping to medical, fashion, aeronautics and supply chain management with a variety of elements coming together in tri-partite configurations. The paper adds to the current FTA literature an approach building on evolutionary theories of technical change to help with such situations – emerging, evolving and branching ‘innovation pathways’. Moreover, we developed a methodology to construct these innovation paths.
235.
Hoffman, Mark Anthony; Cointet, Jean-Philippe; Brandt, Philipp; Key, Newton; Bearman, Peter
The (Protestant) Bible, the (printed) sermon, and the word(s): The semantic structure of the Conformist and Dissenting Bible, 1660–1780 Journal Article
In: Poetics, vol. 68, pp. 89-103, 2018.
@article{Hoffman2018,
title = {The (Protestant) Bible, the (printed) sermon, and the word(s): The semantic structure of the Conformist and Dissenting Bible, 1660–1780},
author = {Mark Anthony Hoffman and Jean-Philippe Cointet and Philipp Brandt and Newton Key and Peter Bearman},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2017.11.002},
doi = {10.1016/j.poetic.2017.11.002},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-06-01},
urldate = {2018-06-01},
journal = {Poetics},
volume = {68},
pages = {89-103},
abstract = {Using co-occurrence methods for identifying semantic structure in texts, we first describe the structure of the Protestant Bible, focusing on the ways in which contents of the Bible are organized in both the New and Old Testaments. We introduce a strategy for capturing the co-occurrence of nouns and verbs in windows defined by verses that progressively move across the text, from start to finish in a manner similar to reading. We then consider how Dissenters and Conformists used the Bible by locating Biblical verse in sermons printed in England during the period from 1660 to 1780. We describe how chapters are linked by themes over time, by dissenting and conformist religious communities, and map Dissenter and Conformist uses of the Bible onto its semantic structure. We show that it is possible to induce a semantic network image of the Bible, that this structure serves as a skeletal frame for interpretation, thereby highlighting different contents as central to denominations’ religious inspirations and concerns.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Using co-occurrence methods for identifying semantic structure in texts, we first describe the structure of the Protestant Bible, focusing on the ways in which contents of the Bible are organized in both the New and Old Testaments. We introduce a strategy for capturing the co-occurrence of nouns and verbs in windows defined by verses that progressively move across the text, from start to finish in a manner similar to reading. We then consider how Dissenters and Conformists used the Bible by locating Biblical verse in sermons printed in England during the period from 1660 to 1780. We describe how chapters are linked by themes over time, by dissenting and conformist religious communities, and map Dissenter and Conformist uses of the Bible onto its semantic structure. We show that it is possible to induce a semantic network image of the Bible, that this structure serves as a skeletal frame for interpretation, thereby highlighting different contents as central to denominations’ religious inspirations and concerns.
236.
Wezel, Alexander; Goette, Julia; Lagneaux, Elisabeth; Passuello, Gloria; Reisman, Erica; Rodier, Christophe; Turpin, Grégoire
Agroecology in Europe: Research, Education, Collective Action Networks, and Alternative Food Systems Journal Article
In: Sustainability, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 1214, 2018.
@article{Wezel2018b,
title = {Agroecology in Europe: Research, Education, Collective Action Networks, and Alternative Food Systems},
author = {Alexander Wezel and Julia Goette and Elisabeth Lagneaux and Gloria Passuello and Erica Reisman and Christophe Rodier and Grégoire Turpin},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/su10041214},
doi = {10.3390/su10041214},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-04-17},
urldate = {2018-04-17},
journal = {Sustainability},
volume = {10},
number = {4},
pages = {1214},
abstract = {Agroecology is considered with different focus and weight in different parts of the world as a social and political movement, as science, and as practice. Despite its multitude of definitions, agroecology has begun in Europe to develop in different regional, national and continental networks of researchers, practitioners, advocates and movements. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive overview about these different developments and networks. Therefore, this paper attempts to document and provide a mapping of the development of European agroecology in its diverse forms. Through a literature review, interviews, active conference participation, and an extensive internet search we have collected information about the current state and development of agroecology in Europe. Agroecological research and higher education exist more in western and northern Europe, but farm schools and farmer-to-farmer training are also present in other regions. Today a large variety of topics are studied at research institutions. There is an increasing number of bottom-up agroecological initiatives and national or continental networks and movements. Important movements are around food sovereignty, access to land and seeds. Except for France, there are very few concrete policies for agroecology in Europe. Agroecology is increasingly linked to different fields of agri-food systems. This includes Community Supported Agriculture systems, but also agroecological territories, and some examples of labelling products. To amplify agroecology in Europe in the coming years, policy development will be crucial and proponents of agroecology must join forces and work hand-in-hand with the many stakeholders engaged in initiatives to develop more sustainable agriculture and food systems. View Full-Text},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Agroecology is considered with different focus and weight in different parts of the world as a social and political movement, as science, and as practice. Despite its multitude of definitions, agroecology has begun in Europe to develop in different regional, national and continental networks of researchers, practitioners, advocates and movements. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive overview about these different developments and networks. Therefore, this paper attempts to document and provide a mapping of the development of European agroecology in its diverse forms. Through a literature review, interviews, active conference participation, and an extensive internet search we have collected information about the current state and development of agroecology in Europe. Agroecological research and higher education exist more in western and northern Europe, but farm schools and farmer-to-farmer training are also present in other regions. Today a large variety of topics are studied at research institutions. There is an increasing number of bottom-up agroecological initiatives and national or continental networks and movements. Important movements are around food sovereignty, access to land and seeds. Except for France, there are very few concrete policies for agroecology in Europe. Agroecology is increasingly linked to different fields of agri-food systems. This includes Community Supported Agriculture systems, but also agroecological territories, and some examples of labelling products. To amplify agroecology in Europe in the coming years, policy development will be crucial and proponents of agroecology must join forces and work hand-in-hand with the many stakeholders engaged in initiatives to develop more sustainable agriculture and food systems. View Full-Text
237.
Akkari, Monia El; Sandoval, Mélanie; Perchec, Sophie Le; Réchauchère, Olivier
Textual Analysis of Published Research Articles on the Environmental Impacts of Land-Use Change Journal Article
In: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol. 30, pp. 15-38, 2018.
@article{Akkari2018,
title = {Textual Analysis of Published Research Articles on the Environmental Impacts of Land-Use Change},
author = {Monia El Akkari and Mélanie Sandoval and Sophie Le Perchec and Olivier Réchauchère},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4_2},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4_2},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
journal = { Sustainable Agriculture Reviews},
volume = {30},
pages = {15-38},
abstract = {Regardless of the scale considered, land use is determined by a variety of factors relating to both local soil and climatic conditions and socioeconomic considerations (population growth, food and energy requirements, public policies, etc.). Changes in land use resulting from shifts in these factors over time will have environmental consequences. We conducted a review of the scientific literature to identify the degree to which environmental assessments take direct and indirect land-use change into account. A textual analysis was completed on a collection of 5730 scientific articles, published between 1975 and 2015 and listed in the WoS™ database, addressing the relationship between reorganizations of agricultural and forestry systems, or spatial planning, direct and indirect land-use change resulting from these reorganizations; and environmental impacts. By identifying the most frequently used words or groups of words within this corpus (focusing on the title, abstract, and keywords fields), the textual analysis platform CorTexT Manager (Platform developed by IFRIS (the Institute for Research and Innovation in Society, based in the Paris region) assembles diagrams, or “maps,” of occurrence and co-occurrence for these terms, which can then be used to identify the principal themes addressed in the corpus based on clusters of proximate keywords. Eight clusters were so identified: two focused on climate change and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems (thus corresponding both to an aspect of the biophysical context and an environmental impact linked to a reorganization); one associated a reorganization (biofuel production) with a dominant environmental impact (the effects of greenhouse gas emissions); three were centered on keywords related to other types of reorganizations (urbanization, grassland management, forestry management); and two focused on environmental impacts on biodiversity and water resources. The five “thematic identifiers” showing the highest number of occurrences were greenhouse gas emission, land-use policy, biofuel, farm system, and pasture land, suggesting that the theme “GHG impacts of biofuel production” is the most prevalent. A more detailed textual analysis of articles in the cluster relating to non-food biomass production (1785 articles) was also conducted, and confirmed the growing importance, notably since 2005–2006, of research linking the bioenergy production, land-use change, and climate impacts from greenhouse gas emissions. Reorganizations toward non-food biomass production also help explain the presence of degraded lands among the most frequently occurring terms in the corpus. Life-cycle analysis is the most important assessment methodology used to evaluate the environmental impacts of bioenergy production.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Regardless of the scale considered, land use is determined by a variety of factors relating to both local soil and climatic conditions and socioeconomic considerations (population growth, food and energy requirements, public policies, etc.). Changes in land use resulting from shifts in these factors over time will have environmental consequences. We conducted a review of the scientific literature to identify the degree to which environmental assessments take direct and indirect land-use change into account. A textual analysis was completed on a collection of 5730 scientific articles, published between 1975 and 2015 and listed in the WoS™ database, addressing the relationship between reorganizations of agricultural and forestry systems, or spatial planning, direct and indirect land-use change resulting from these reorganizations; and environmental impacts. By identifying the most frequently used words or groups of words within this corpus (focusing on the title, abstract, and keywords fields), the textual analysis platform CorTexT Manager (Platform developed by IFRIS (the Institute for Research and Innovation in Society, based in the Paris region) assembles diagrams, or “maps,” of occurrence and co-occurrence for these terms, which can then be used to identify the principal themes addressed in the corpus based on clusters of proximate keywords. Eight clusters were so identified: two focused on climate change and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems (thus corresponding both to an aspect of the biophysical context and an environmental impact linked to a reorganization); one associated a reorganization (biofuel production) with a dominant environmental impact (the effects of greenhouse gas emissions); three were centered on keywords related to other types of reorganizations (urbanization, grassland management, forestry management); and two focused on environmental impacts on biodiversity and water resources. The five “thematic identifiers” showing the highest number of occurrences were greenhouse gas emission, land-use policy, biofuel, farm system, and pasture land, suggesting that the theme “GHG impacts of biofuel production” is the most prevalent. A more detailed textual analysis of articles in the cluster relating to non-food biomass production (1785 articles) was also conducted, and confirmed the growing importance, notably since 2005–2006, of research linking the bioenergy production, land-use change, and climate impacts from greenhouse gas emissions. Reorganizations toward non-food biomass production also help explain the presence of degraded lands among the most frequently occurring terms in the corpus. Life-cycle analysis is the most important assessment methodology used to evaluate the environmental impacts of bioenergy production.
238.
Matos, Fábio L; Ross, Steve W; ann ida Huvenne, Veerle; Davies, Jaime; Cunha, Marina R
Canyons pride and prejudice: Exploring the submarine canyon research landscape, a history of geographic and thematic bias Journal Article
In: Progress in Oceanography, 2018.
@article{matos2018canyons,
title = {Canyons pride and prejudice: Exploring the submarine canyon research landscape, a history of geographic and thematic bias},
author = {Fábio L Matos and Steve W Ross and Veerle ann ida Huvenne and Jaime Davies and Marina R Cunha},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2018.04.010},
doi = {10.1016/j.pocean.2018.04.010},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Progress in Oceanography},
publisher = {Elsevier},
abstract = {We mapped submarine canyon research using a scientometric approach to define and characterize its scientific landscape based on a comprehensive bibliographic dataset. The abundance of studies covering structural and functional aspects of submarine canyons allowed us to identify the existing knowledge clusters, historical trends, and emergent topics in canyon research. Our analysis documented a network of knowledge clusters of which four were particularly relevant: a strong cluster on “Geology & Geophysics”, well established since the beginnings of canyon research; a cluster on “Biology & Ecology” that gained strength primarily over the past two to three decades; a cluster on “Oceanographic Processes” which occupied a central position in the network and connected strongly to almost all the other clusters and especially to the fourth main cluster on “Modelling”. A smaller, but also well connected, cluster on “Biogeochemistry” related closely to “Biology & Ecology”, and three other small clusters (“Sedimentology”, “Sediments & Tidal Currents”, “Canyon Sampling”) bridged the main clusters. Finally, we identified three small, but specific satellite clusters (“Oil & Gas”, “Chemosynthetic Communities”, “Molecular & Symbionts”). The high-level structure of the knowledge network reflects a latent interdisciplinarity in canyon research. However, the evolution of the research lines over the past nine decades suggests that this pattern arose mostly in the new millennium. Emergent research topics in the last decade also reveal a concern regarding anthropogenic impacts and climate-driven processes. Our results also show a well implemented and international collaboration network, although research efforts have been mainly directed towards only a few canyon systems. A geographical and thematic bias also characterizes canyon research, with specific topics addressed preferentially in particular canyons by different leading research institutions. This spatial and thematic bias, together with the paucity of truly inter-disciplinary studies, may be the most important limitation to integrated knowledge and development in canyon research and hinders a global, more comprehensive understanding of canyon patterns and processes. The scientific landscape mapping and the complementary results are made available as an open and interactive platform that canyon stakeholders can use as a tool to identify knowledge gaps, to find key players in the global collaboration network and to facilitate planning of future research in submarine canyons.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
We mapped submarine canyon research using a scientometric approach to define and characterize its scientific landscape based on a comprehensive bibliographic dataset. The abundance of studies covering structural and functional aspects of submarine canyons allowed us to identify the existing knowledge clusters, historical trends, and emergent topics in canyon research. Our analysis documented a network of knowledge clusters of which four were particularly relevant: a strong cluster on “Geology & Geophysics”, well established since the beginnings of canyon research; a cluster on “Biology & Ecology” that gained strength primarily over the past two to three decades; a cluster on “Oceanographic Processes” which occupied a central position in the network and connected strongly to almost all the other clusters and especially to the fourth main cluster on “Modelling”. A smaller, but also well connected, cluster on “Biogeochemistry” related closely to “Biology & Ecology”, and three other small clusters (“Sedimentology”, “Sediments & Tidal Currents”, “Canyon Sampling”) bridged the main clusters. Finally, we identified three small, but specific satellite clusters (“Oil & Gas”, “Chemosynthetic Communities”, “Molecular & Symbionts”). The high-level structure of the knowledge network reflects a latent interdisciplinarity in canyon research. However, the evolution of the research lines over the past nine decades suggests that this pattern arose mostly in the new millennium. Emergent research topics in the last decade also reveal a concern regarding anthropogenic impacts and climate-driven processes. Our results also show a well implemented and international collaboration network, although research efforts have been mainly directed towards only a few canyon systems. A geographical and thematic bias also characterizes canyon research, with specific topics addressed preferentially in particular canyons by different leading research institutions. This spatial and thematic bias, together with the paucity of truly inter-disciplinary studies, may be the most important limitation to integrated knowledge and development in canyon research and hinders a global, more comprehensive understanding of canyon patterns and processes. The scientific landscape mapping and the complementary results are made available as an open and interactive platform that canyon stakeholders can use as a tool to identify knowledge gaps, to find key players in the global collaboration network and to facilitate planning of future research in submarine canyons.
239.
Makowski, David
Mapping the Evidence on the Environmental Impacts of Land-Use Change for Non-food Biomass Production Journal Article
In: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol. 30, pp. 227-236, 2018.
@article{Makowski2018,
title = {Mapping the Evidence on the Environmental Impacts of Land-Use Change for Non-food Biomass Production},
author = {David Makowski},
url = {https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02904528
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4.pdf#page=237},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4_10},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Sustainable Agriculture Reviews},
volume = {30},
pages = {227-236},
abstract = {The environmental impact of land-use change for biomass production is controversial, and it is crucial to provide stakeholders with a reliable description of the existing evidence on this topic. In this paper, we use an emerging research synthesis method called “evidence mapping” to summarize the main characteristics of 241 studies in a graphical user-friendly format. Results showed that most of the reviewed studies were located in Northern and Southern Americas, especially in USA and Brazil. A majority of studies focused on 1G and 2G biofuel, and on electricity production. The impacts on greenhouse gas emission, soil carbon content, soil erosion, water consumption, and water eutrophication were frequently assessed in the selected group of studies. The evidence maps produced in this paper revealed that only few studies were conducted to analyse the environmental impact of Land use change for methane production, for wood production, and for the chemical industry. Only few studies assessed the impact on biodiversity, on air quality, on human health, and on waste induced by land-use changes for biomass production. Our results thus highlight major gaps of knowledge and future research needs on the land-use-mediated implications of the bioeconomy.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The environmental impact of land-use change for biomass production is controversial, and it is crucial to provide stakeholders with a reliable description of the existing evidence on this topic. In this paper, we use an emerging research synthesis method called “evidence mapping” to summarize the main characteristics of 241 studies in a graphical user-friendly format. Results showed that most of the reviewed studies were located in Northern and Southern Americas, especially in USA and Brazil. A majority of studies focused on 1G and 2G biofuel, and on electricity production. The impacts on greenhouse gas emission, soil carbon content, soil erosion, water consumption, and water eutrophication were frequently assessed in the selected group of studies. The evidence maps produced in this paper revealed that only few studies were conducted to analyse the environmental impact of Land use change for methane production, for wood production, and for the chemical industry. Only few studies assessed the impact on biodiversity, on air quality, on human health, and on waste induced by land-use changes for biomass production. Our results thus highlight major gaps of knowledge and future research needs on the land-use-mediated implications of the bioeconomy.
Book Chapters
240.
el Jamal, Sarah; Hanafi, Sari
Framing Arab Poverty Knowledge Production: A Socio-bibliometric Study Book Chapter
In: Facing An Unequal World: Challenges for Global Sociology, Chapter 14, pp. 175-194, 2018.
@inbook{elJamal2018,
title = {Framing Arab Poverty Knowledge Production: A Socio-bibliometric Study},
author = {Sarah el Jamal and Sari Hanafi},
url = {https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2169/45489cad9888d522020e2caea2da13053770.pdf},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-04-28},
booktitle = {Facing An Unequal World: Challenges for Global Sociology},
pages = {175-194},
chapter = {14},
series = {SAGE Studies in International Sociology},
abstract = {Based on Mannheim’s theory (1936) that knowledge is socially constructed, and its production process is influenced by the social context in which it occurs, this study seeks to identify and analyze the social influences and forces behind the knowledge produced and disseminated in the form of academic journal articles on the topic of poverty in the Arab World. Certain features and elements of the final body of knowledge (the articles) will be taken as telling indicators of the process in hindsight. These will be the basis of three kinds of analyses that will be carried out: content analysis, authorship analysis, and citation analysis. In content analysis, I will scrutinize the poverty concepts used, the methodologies applied, the use of theory, including theoretical frameworks of the studies, the prevail-ing political and epistemological paradigms, the structure of the articles, and the types of articles (critique, essay, fieldwork). In authorship analysis, I will survey the sociological markers pertaining to the authors and institutions producing the articles. In citation analysis, I will analyze the characteristics and trends of the references. Ultimately, I seek to answer the following: What are the social factors conditioning the production of academic articles on poverty in the Arab World, and what are the observed trends thereof?},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
Based on Mannheim’s theory (1936) that knowledge is socially constructed, and its production process is influenced by the social context in which it occurs, this study seeks to identify and analyze the social influences and forces behind the knowledge produced and disseminated in the form of academic journal articles on the topic of poverty in the Arab World. Certain features and elements of the final body of knowledge (the articles) will be taken as telling indicators of the process in hindsight. These will be the basis of three kinds of analyses that will be carried out: content analysis, authorship analysis, and citation analysis. In content analysis, I will scrutinize the poverty concepts used, the methodologies applied, the use of theory, including theoretical frameworks of the studies, the prevail-ing political and epistemological paradigms, the structure of the articles, and the types of articles (critique, essay, fieldwork). In authorship analysis, I will survey the sociological markers pertaining to the authors and institutions producing the articles. In citation analysis, I will analyze the characteristics and trends of the references. Ultimately, I seek to answer the following: What are the social factors conditioning the production of academic articles on poverty in the Arab World, and what are the observed trends thereof?
LIST OF SCIENTIFIC WORKS THAT HAVE USED CORTEXT MANAGER
(Sources: Google Scholar, HAL, Scopus, WOS and search engines)
We are grateful that you have found CorTexT Manager useful. Over the years, you have been more than 1050 authors to trust CorTexT for your publicly accessible analyzes. This represents a little less than 10% of CorTexT Manager user’s community. So, thank you!
We seek to understand how the scientific production that used CorText Manager has evolved and to characterise it. You will find here our analysis of this scientific production.
Browse documents by main topics
| What types of documents? |
|---|
| What types of documents? |
| 210 journal articles |
| 42 conference proceedings |
| 36 conference (not in proceedings) |
| 29 online articles |
| 28 Ph.D. thesis |
| 28 reports |
| 20 masters thesis |
| 19 book chapters |
| 11 workshop |
| 8 book |
| 7 bachelorthesis |
| 3 miscellaneous |
| 1 manual |
| 1 workingpaper |
| Main peer-reviewed journals |
|---|
| Main peer-reviewed journals |
| Scientometrics |
| I2D - Information, données & documents |
| Réseaux |
| PloS one |
| Journal of Rural Studies |
| Revue d’anthropologie des connaissances |
| Library Hi Tech |
| Revue d'anthropologie des connaissances |
| médecine/sciences |
| Sustainable Agriculture Reviews |
Browse narrower topics
