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@article{Ottaviani2025,

title = {The Representation of SDG-Related Research in Bibliometric Databases: Persisting Imbalances and Varying Perspectives},

author = {Matteo Ottaviani and Stephan Stahlschmidt},

url = {https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8147329/v1_covered_731407c0-049b-4e07-bc24-229a6e66da79.pdf?c=1766406183},

doi = {/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8147329/v1},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-12-22},

urldate = {2025-12-22},

publisher = {Research Square},

abstract = {Large bibliometric databases, such as Web of Science, Scopus, and OpenAlex, play a crucial role for decision-makers in science and science policy, as they are used as sources for informing decisions at both national and international levels, in public and private sectors. Although these databases facilitate bibliometric analyses, they are performative, affecting the visibility of scientific outputs and the measurement of participating entities. Recently, they have also incorporated the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into their respective classifications, which have been criticized for their diverging nature. On another note, their infrastructural information processing is, of course, susceptible to emerging technologies.

As a matter of fact, AI-supported and -powered tools have recently entered research practice and society at large. Large Language Models (LLMs), the branch of generative AI specifically focused on text, underlie their operation. By leveraging their features (i.e., in particular, mirroring what is thoroughly embedded in their training data under certain conditions), LLMs act as data magnifiers on SDG-classified publications to detect data biases that bibliometric databases are affected by. Within a broader perspective, our general setup serves as a conceptual exercise that characterizes the expected macro-level effects on the representation of SDG-related research in bibliometric databases, originating from the introduction of a generic LLM-based tool. Our analysis shows that the deployment of LLMs in the information processing of bibliometric databases reveals a systematic overlook in the data (i.e., scientific publications classified by SDGs) of the most disadvantaged categories of individuals, the poorest countries, and underrepresented topics that SDG targets explicitly focus on. Conversely, an unsolicited hegemonic role played by economic superpowers and Global North is identified.},

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tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Cricchio2025,

title = {Balancing openness and ownership: open innovation strategies for AI development},

author = {Jacopo Cricchio},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-04-2024-0470},

doi = {10.1108/EJIM-04-2024-0470},

issn = {1460-1060},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-09-23},

journal = {European Journal of Innovation Management},

address = {Pisa, Italy},

school = {Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, Institute of Management},

abstract = {This paper explores how firms configure open innovation (OI) strategies when integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into their innovation models. Through the case of Baidu, it examines how OI contributes to business model innovation, highlighting how firms navigate the tension between openness and ownership in AI development.Adopting an exploratory case study approach, the research employs big data analysis methods, including thematic network and collaboration cluster analyses. These methods are applied to a comprehensive dataset of granted patents and scientific publications spanning 2000 to 2023, sourced from Orbis intellectual property and Web of Science databases.The analysis reveals a dual OI configuration: Baidu engages openly in scientific collaborations to foster value creation, while relying on centralized patenting strategies to secure value capture. This modular approach reflects a dynamic governance of knowledge across research and patenting domains. Baidu structures its AI innovation through selective openness, enabling agile adaptation in a rapidly evolving technological landscape.This study contributes to research on AI, OI, business model innovation and dynamic capabilities by illustrating how hybrid openness strategies function as organizational mechanisms for sensing, seizing and transforming. It offers interpretive insights into the design tensions of OI and provides a grounded perspective on how firms strategically navigate collaboration, protection and innovation in data-intensive contexts.},

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pubstate = {published},

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}

@article{Mason2023d,

title = {Sustainable soil and land management: a systems-oriented overview of scientific literature},

author = {Eloïse Mason and Antonio Bispo and Mireille Matt and Katharina Helming and Elena Rodriguez and Rocio Lansac and Violeta Carrasco and Mohammad Rafiul Hashar and Loes Verdonk and Gundula Prokop and David Wall and Nancy Francis and Peter Laszlo and Michael T. Löbmann},

url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsoil.2023.1268037/full

},

doi = {10.3389/fsoil.2023.1268037},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-12-18},

journal = {Frontiers in Soil Science},

abstract = {Healthy soil is vital for our wellbeing and wealth. However, increasing demand for food and biomass may lead to unsustainable soil and land management practices that threaten soils. Other degradation processes such as soil sealing also endanger soil resources. Identifying and accessing the best available knowledge is crucial to address related sustainability issues and promote the needed transition towards sustainable soil and land management practices. Such knowledge has to cover all knowledge domains, system knowledge, target knowledge, and transformation knowledge. However, a comprehensive overview of existing research addressing societal needs related to soil is still missing, which hinders the identification of knowledge gaps. This study provides a detailed analysis of scientific literature to identify ongoing research activities and trends. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of scientific literature related to sustainable soil and land management was conducted. A systems-oriented analytical framework was used that combines soil and land related societal challenges with related knowledge domains. Our analysis revealed a significant increase in scientific publications and related interest in soil and land use-related research, above the average increase of publications within all scientific fields. Different forms of reduction and remediation of soil degradation processes (e.g. erosion, contamination) have been studied most extensively. Other topic areas like land take mitigation, soil biodiversity increase, increase of ecosystem services provision and climate change mitigation and adaption seem to be rather recent concerns, less investigated. We could highlight the importance of context-specific research, as different regions require different practices. For instance, boreal, tropical, karst and peatland regions were less studied. Furthermore, we found that diversifying soil management practices such as agroforestry or including livestock into arable systems are valuable options for increasing biomass, mitigating/adapting to climate change, and improving soil related ecosystem services. A recent trend towards the latter research topic indicates the transition from a soil conservation-oriented perspective to a soil service-oriented perspective, which may be better suited to integrate the social and economic dimensions of soil health improvement alongside the ecological dimension.},

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}

@article{Reyes2023,

title = {Bibliometric Analysis and Comprehensive Review of Stormwater Treatment Wetlands: Global Research Trends and Existing Knowledge Gaps},

author = {Nash Jett Reyes and Franz Kevin F. Geronimo and Heidi B. Guerra and Lee-Hyung Kim},

url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/3/2332},

doi = {10.3390/su15032332},

issn = {2071-1050},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-27},

urldate = {2023-01-27},

journal = {Sustainability},

volume = {15},

number = {3},

abstract = {Stormwater treatment wetlands are widely recognized as efficient and cost-effective solutions to growing stormwater problems. This study presented a new approach to evaluating the current status and trends in stormwater treatment wetlands research. The annual scientific productivity of different states was identified using a bibliometric analysis approach. The number of publications related to stormwater treatment wetlands has exhibited an increasing trend since the earliest record of publication. USA and China were among the states that had the most number of stormwater treatment wetlands-related publications and international collaborations. In terms of the population-to-publication ratio, Australia, Canada, and South Korea were found to have a higher level of scientific productivity. Analysis of frequently used keywords and terms in scientific publications revealed that the efficiency of stormwater treatment wetlands and the processes involved in the removal of nutrients and trace elements were adequately investigated; however, inquiries on the removal of organic micropollutants and emerging pollutants, such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products, microplastics, and industrial compounds, among others, are still lacking. Through the comprehensive review of related scientific works, the design, components, and primary factors affecting the performance of stormwater treatment wetlands were also identified. Future works that address the aforementioned knowledge gaps are recommended to optimize the benefits of stormwater treatment wetlands.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Milia2022,

title = {Local emergence, global expansion: understanding the structural evolution of a bi-lingual national research landscape},

author = {Matias Federico Milia and Ariadna Nebot Giralt and Rigas Arvanitis},

url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11192-022-04403-9},

doi = {10.1007/s11192-022-04403-9},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-06-21},

urldate = {2022-06-21},

journal = {Scientometrics},

abstract = {Research institutions organize their scientific activities in an increasingly diverse landscape. In matters of global interest, research relies on an ever-more cross-disciplinary background, which reveals intriguing questions concerning the local dynamics vs. global audiences. This paper proposes new methodological tools to assess, from a strategic perspective, the evolution of a given research landscape. It relies on the Global Research Institute of Paris’ recent experience, a new interdisciplinary Institute focusing on globalization topics beyond the usual economic meaning. The Institute leans on a broad and diverse set of research units of the Université de Paris and relates to the broad landscape of social sciences in France. This article charts the evolution of French authors’ scientific publications on the Institute’s thematic interests in French and English. It focuses on the structural features of the debate, namely the volume, the underlying historical semantic structure, and its main thematic domains. The paper offers significant evidence to understand knowledge circulation dynamics and links that non-speaking countries’ scientific literature builds with the English one.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Franco2022,

title = {Producing and using artificial intelligence: What can Europe learn from Siemens’s experience?},

author = {Sebastián Fernández Franco and Juan M Graña and David Flacher and Cecilia Rikap},

url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Juan-Grana-2/publication/360759657_Producing_and_using_artificial_intelligence_What_can_Europe_learn_from_Siemens's_experience/links/62a739f955273755ebe9963b/Producing-and-using-artificial-intelligence-What-can-Europe-learn-from-Siemenss-experience.pdf},

doi = {10.1177/10245294221097066},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-06-10},

urldate = {2022-06-10},

journal = {Competition & Change},

volume = {0},

pages = {1–30},

abstract = {This paper examines the innovation strategy of Siemens, a key player in Europe’s digital economy, by performing network and lexical analyses using data derived from Siemens’s patents and scientific publications since 1998. We observe that the company’s innovation efforts evolved from a broader attempt to develop internal information and communication technology (ICT) capabilities – alongside its historical industrial priorities – to a strategy focused on developing artificial intelligence (AI) for sector-specific and niche applications (such as life and medical sciences). As a result, it became dependent on tech giants’ clouds for accessing more general AI services and digital infrastructure. We build on the intellectual monopoly literature focusing on the effects of tech giants on other leading corporations, to analyse Siemens’s experience. By abandoning the development of general ICT and given the emergence of tech giants as digital economy intellectual monopolies, we show that Siemens is risking its technological autonomy towards these big tech companies. Our results provide clues to understand the challenges faced by Europe and its firms in relation to US and Chinese tech giants.},

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pubstate = {published},

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}

@article{Bordignon2021,

title = {Dataset of search queries to map scientific publications to the UN sustainable development goals},

author = {Frederique Bordignon},

url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340921000172},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2021.106731},

issn = {2352-3409},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-02-01},

urldate = {2021-02-01},

journal = {Data in Brief},

volume = {34},

pages = {106731},

abstract = {The dataset includes search queries that can be used to identify scientific publications related to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We propose a new approach to mitigate the polysemy of terms as much as possible by targeting the most relevant subject areas for each SDG. In addition, we also used a text-mining tool to identify as many relevant phrases as possible. Publications identified through this process cannot be considered as evidence of the commitment of authors and their institutions to actions towards the targets established by the UN. However, they can be an accurate indicator of which research is relevant to the issues addressed by the SDGs, whether or not it is a direct contribution.},

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pubstate = {published},

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}

@article{Rikap2020,

title = {Amazon: A story of accumulation through intellectual rentiership and predation },

author = {Cecilia Rikap},

doi = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1024529420932418},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-06-17},

journal = {Competition & Change},

abstract = {This article elaborates on intellectual monopoly theory as a form of predation and rentiership using Amazon as a case study. By analysing Amazon’s financial statements, scientific publications and patents, we show that Amazon’s economic power heavily relies on its systematic innovations and capacity to centralize and analyse customized data that orients its business and innovations. We demonstrate how Amazon’s innovation activities have evolved over time with growing importance of technologies related to data and machine learning. We also map Amazon’s innovation networks with academic institutions and companies. We show how Amazon appropriates intellectual rents from these networks and from technological cooperation with other intellectual monopolies. We argue that Amazon, as other data-driven monopolies, predates value from suppliers and third-party companies participating in its platform. One striking characteristic of Amazon is the low rate of reported profits. The centrality of innovations leads us to suggest an alternative calculation that shows that Amazon’s profits are not as low as they appear in Annual Reports. We also argue that lower profits are coherent with Amazon’s rentiership and predatory strategy since they contribute to the avoidance of accusations of excessive market power. Finally, the paper offers preliminary observations on: (i) the complementarities between financial and intellectual rentierism and (ii) how data-driven intellectual monopoly expands big corporations’ political power. Going beyond the specific case of Amazon, we thus contribute to a better understanding of the role of lead firms and power dynamics within innovation networks.},

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pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Rikap2019,

title = {Asymmetric Power of the Core: Technological Cooperation and Technological Competition in the Transnational Innovation Networks of Big Pharma},

author = {Cecilia Rikap},

url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290.2019.1620309},

doi = {10.1080/09692290.2019.1620309},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-06-26},

urldate = {2019-06-26},

journal = {Review of International Political Economy},

volume = {26},

number = {5},

pages = {987-1021},

abstract = {This article theoretically and empirically analyzes leader corporations’ innovation processes in contemporary capitalism. We highlight three characteristics: their transnational scope, the primacy of power or asymmetric relations exercised by leaders over the participants of their innovation circuits or networks, and the relevance of what we called technological competition and technological cooperation between leaders. Focusing on the latter, our theoretical contribution integrates the concepts of innovation circuit, global innovation network and modularity of knowledge production in order to elaborate a preliminary model for synthesizing leader’s technological competition and collaboration behaviors. This model is the general framework used for studying three big pharma’s innovation networks (Roche, Novartis and Pfizer). In particular, we study those networks by considering two outputs: scientific publications and patents. Network maps are constructed based on institutions’ co-occurrences, thus looking at who is co-authoring their publications and co-owning these corporations’ patents. We find that big pharmaceuticals co-produce together mainly generic knowledge modules, thus develop a strong technological cooperation. Simultaneously, to succeed in their technological competition they outsource stages of their innovation networks to subordinate institutions that, even if they contribute to achieve the innovation, will not be co-owners of the resulting patents, while big pharmaceuticals enjoy associated innovation rents.},

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}