2023
Journal Articles
1.
de Raymond, Antoine Bernard
La société comme « système complexe » Vers une physique du monde social ? Journal Article
In: Revue d’anthropologie des connaissances , 2023.
@article{deRaymond2023,
title = {La société comme « système complexe » Vers une physique du monde social ?},
author = {Antoine Bernard de Raymond},
url = {http://journals.openedition.org/rac/30519},
doi = {/10.4000/rac.30519},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-06-26},
urldate = {2023-06-26},
journal = {Revue d’anthropologie des connaissances },
abstract = {Depuis le début du XXIe siècle, les chercheurs en sciences physiques ont construit une forte capacité à se saisir d’enjeux contemporains et à en imposer leur lecture, aussi bien dans la sphère publique que dans le champ scientifique. Cet article interroge les raisons de ce succès à partir du cas des « systèmes complexes » et de la manière dont cette approche a pu s’imposer dans de nombreux champs scientifiques. D’abord, l’article montre le rôle de situations de crise à la fois politiques et épistémiques dans la circulation interdisciplinaire de ces approches. Ensuite, il montre le rôle de traduction et de standardisation de savoirs hétérogènes opéré par l’analyse des « réseaux complexes » au début des années 2000. Face à ce succès des approches en termes de systèmes complexes et plus encore en termes de réseaux complexes dans les sciences économiques et sociales, cet article discute les apports et les limites de ces approches et élabore les conditions d’un usage raisonné et critique de la complexité en sciences sociales.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Depuis le début du XXIe siècle, les chercheurs en sciences physiques ont construit une forte capacité à se saisir d’enjeux contemporains et à en imposer leur lecture, aussi bien dans la sphère publique que dans le champ scientifique. Cet article interroge les raisons de ce succès à partir du cas des « systèmes complexes » et de la manière dont cette approche a pu s’imposer dans de nombreux champs scientifiques. D’abord, l’article montre le rôle de situations de crise à la fois politiques et épistémiques dans la circulation interdisciplinaire de ces approches. Ensuite, il montre le rôle de traduction et de standardisation de savoirs hétérogènes opéré par l’analyse des « réseaux complexes » au début des années 2000. Face à ce succès des approches en termes de systèmes complexes et plus encore en termes de réseaux complexes dans les sciences économiques et sociales, cet article discute les apports et les limites de ces approches et élabore les conditions d’un usage raisonné et critique de la complexité en sciences sociales.
2.
Lerner, Celina
A construção do gênero no discurso conservador: uma análise de comentários em rede social Journal Article
In: Perspectivas em Diálogo: Revista de Educação e Sociedade, vol. 10, iss. 23, pp. 145-160, 2023, ISSN: 2358-1840.
@article{Lerner2023,
title = {A construção do gênero no discurso conservador: uma análise de comentários em rede social},
author = {Lerner, Celina},
url = {https://periodicos.ufms.br/index.php/persdia/article/download/16895/12673
},
issn = {2358-1840},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-06-01},
urldate = {2023-06-01},
journal = {Perspectivas em Diálogo: Revista de Educação e Sociedade},
volume = {10},
issue = {23},
pages = {145-160},
abstract = {In this article, I investigate the construction of gender roles in Brazilian conservative discourse on social media on the internet. I analyze more than one hundred thousand comments made to the Facebook page of the right-wing activist Olavo de Carvalho between 2014 and 2018. Using computational linguistics methods, I create a network of words that reveals the main contexts present in collective discourse. I seek to understand the uses of the terms woman and man. First, I map the discourse topics and locate the context in which the terms woman and man occur. Then, I deepen the analysis going back to the original utterance. The detailed reading revealed the persistence of ideas of universality and centrality of man in the conservative discourse. As Simone de Beauvoir pointed out in 1949, man represents both the positive and the neutral; an absolute human type. Woman, in turn, is constructed in the discourse as the other, the different. The negative feeling that often accompanies the term woman reveals the aversion to the different and the misogyny underlying the conservative mentality.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In this article, I investigate the construction of gender roles in Brazilian conservative discourse on social media on the internet. I analyze more than one hundred thousand comments made to the Facebook page of the right-wing activist Olavo de Carvalho between 2014 and 2018. Using computational linguistics methods, I create a network of words that reveals the main contexts present in collective discourse. I seek to understand the uses of the terms woman and man. First, I map the discourse topics and locate the context in which the terms woman and man occur. Then, I deepen the analysis going back to the original utterance. The detailed reading revealed the persistence of ideas of universality and centrality of man in the conservative discourse. As Simone de Beauvoir pointed out in 1949, man represents both the positive and the neutral; an absolute human type. Woman, in turn, is constructed in the discourse as the other, the different. The negative feeling that often accompanies the term woman reveals the aversion to the different and the misogyny underlying the conservative mentality.
3.
Scherngell, Thomas; Schwegmann, Katharina; Zahradnik, Georg
The geographical dynamics of global R&D collaboration networks in robotics: Evidence from co-patenting activities across urban areas worldwide Journal Article
In: PLOS ONE, 2023.
@article{Scherngell2023,
title = {The geographical dynamics of global R&D collaboration networks in robotics: Evidence from co-patenting activities across urban areas worldwide},
author = { Thomas Scherngell and Katharina Schwegmann and Georg Zahradnik},
editor = {Celine Rozenblat from University of Lausanne SWITZERLAND},
url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0281353},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281353},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-04-13},
urldate = {2023-04-13},
journal = {PLOS ONE},
abstract = {The focus of this study is on the geography of robotics Research and Development (R&D) activities. The objectives are, first, to identify hotspots in robotics R&D worldwide, and second, to characterise structures and dynamics of global robotics R&D collaboration networks through detailed geographical lenses of global urban areas. We use patents as marker for R&D activities, and accordingly focus on technologically oriented R&D, drawing on information from patents applied for between 2002 and 2016. We employ an appropriate search strategy to identify relevant robotics patents based on detailed levels of the Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC) and assign patents to more than 900 global urban areas based on the inventor addresses. The co-patent networks are examined from a Social Network Analysis (SNA) perspective by means of robotics co-patents, contributing to a global network where urban areas are the nodes inter-linked by joint inventive activities recorded in robotics patents. Global SNA measures illustrate structures and dynamics of the network as a whole, while local measures indicate the specific positioning and roles of urban areas in the network. The results are original in characterising the global spatial emergence of this generic new industry, highlighting prominent urban hotspots in terms of specialisation in robotics R&D, pointing to a global shift reflected by the increasing role of emerging economies, in particular China. The global robotics R&D has grown significantly both in total patenting and also in terms of R&D collaboration activities between urban areas. Also, for the networks, growth is not equally distributed, but is rather characterised by significant spatial shifts, both in terms of cities declining or climbing up the specialisation ranking, but even more in terms of the spatial network structure.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The focus of this study is on the geography of robotics Research and Development (R&D) activities. The objectives are, first, to identify hotspots in robotics R&D worldwide, and second, to characterise structures and dynamics of global robotics R&D collaboration networks through detailed geographical lenses of global urban areas. We use patents as marker for R&D activities, and accordingly focus on technologically oriented R&D, drawing on information from patents applied for between 2002 and 2016. We employ an appropriate search strategy to identify relevant robotics patents based on detailed levels of the Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC) and assign patents to more than 900 global urban areas based on the inventor addresses. The co-patent networks are examined from a Social Network Analysis (SNA) perspective by means of robotics co-patents, contributing to a global network where urban areas are the nodes inter-linked by joint inventive activities recorded in robotics patents. Global SNA measures illustrate structures and dynamics of the network as a whole, while local measures indicate the specific positioning and roles of urban areas in the network. The results are original in characterising the global spatial emergence of this generic new industry, highlighting prominent urban hotspots in terms of specialisation in robotics R&D, pointing to a global shift reflected by the increasing role of emerging economies, in particular China. The global robotics R&D has grown significantly both in total patenting and also in terms of R&D collaboration activities between urban areas. Also, for the networks, growth is not equally distributed, but is rather characterised by significant spatial shifts, both in terms of cities declining or climbing up the specialisation ranking, but even more in terms of the spatial network structure.
4.
Duan, Chensong; Liao, Hu; Wang, Kaide; Ren, Yin
The research hotspots and trends of volatile organic compound emissions from anthropogenic and natural sources: A systematic quantitative review Journal Article
In: Environmental Research, vol. 216, pp. 114964, 2023.
@article{Duan2023,
title = {The research hotspots and trends of volatile organic compound emissions from anthropogenic and natural sources: A systematic quantitative review},
author = {Chensong Duan and Hu Liao and Kaide Wang and Yin Ren},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935122017133?via%3Dihub
},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.114386},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-02-01},
urldate = {2023-02-01},
journal = {Environmental Research},
volume = {216},
pages = {114964},
abstract = {Volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions have attracted wide attention due to their impacts on atmospheric quality and public health. However, most studies reviewed certain aspects of natural VOCs (NVOCs) or anthropogenic VOCs (AVOCs) rather than comprehensively quantifying the hotspots and evolution trends of AVOCs and NVOCs. We combined the bibliometric method with the evolution tree and Markov chain to identify research focus and uncover the trends in VOC emission sources. This study found that research mainly focused on VOC emission characteristics, effects on air quality and health, and VOC emissions under climate change. More studies concerned on AVOCs than on NVOCs, and AVOC emissions have shifted with a decreasing proportion of transport emissions and an increasing share of solvent utilization in countries with high emissions and publications (China and the USA). Research on AVOCs is imperative to develop efficient and economical abatement techniques specific to solvent sources or BTEX species to mitigate the detrimental effects. Research on NVOCs originating from human sources risen due to their application in medicine, while studies on sources sensitive to climate change grew slowly, including plants, biomass burning, microbes, soil and oceans. Research on the long-term responses of NVOCs derived from various sources to climate warming is warranted to explore the evolution of emissions and the feedback on global climate. It is worthwhile to establish an emission inventory with all kinds of sources, accurate estimation, high spatial and temporal resolution to capture the emission trends in the synergy of industrialization and climate change as well as to simulate the effects on air quality. We review VOC emissions from both anthropogenic and natural sources under climate change and their effects on atmospheric quality and health to point out the research directions for the comprehensive control of global VOCs and mitigation of O3 pollution.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions have attracted wide attention due to their impacts on atmospheric quality and public health. However, most studies reviewed certain aspects of natural VOCs (NVOCs) or anthropogenic VOCs (AVOCs) rather than comprehensively quantifying the hotspots and evolution trends of AVOCs and NVOCs. We combined the bibliometric method with the evolution tree and Markov chain to identify research focus and uncover the trends in VOC emission sources. This study found that research mainly focused on VOC emission characteristics, effects on air quality and health, and VOC emissions under climate change. More studies concerned on AVOCs than on NVOCs, and AVOC emissions have shifted with a decreasing proportion of transport emissions and an increasing share of solvent utilization in countries with high emissions and publications (China and the USA). Research on AVOCs is imperative to develop efficient and economical abatement techniques specific to solvent sources or BTEX species to mitigate the detrimental effects. Research on NVOCs originating from human sources risen due to their application in medicine, while studies on sources sensitive to climate change grew slowly, including plants, biomass burning, microbes, soil and oceans. Research on the long-term responses of NVOCs derived from various sources to climate warming is warranted to explore the evolution of emissions and the feedback on global climate. It is worthwhile to establish an emission inventory with all kinds of sources, accurate estimation, high spatial and temporal resolution to capture the emission trends in the synergy of industrialization and climate change as well as to simulate the effects on air quality. We review VOC emissions from both anthropogenic and natural sources under climate change and their effects on atmospheric quality and health to point out the research directions for the comprehensive control of global VOCs and mitigation of O3 pollution.
5.
Reyes, Nash Jett; Geronimo, Franz Kevin F.; Guerra, Heidi B.; Kim, Lee-Hyung
Bibliometric Analysis and Comprehensive Review of Stormwater Treatment Wetlands: Global Research Trends and Existing Knowledge Gaps Journal Article
In: Sustainability, vol. 15, no. 3, 2023, ISSN: 2071-1050.
@article{Reyes2023,
title = {Bibliometric Analysis and Comprehensive Review of Stormwater Treatment Wetlands: Global Research Trends and Existing Knowledge Gaps},
author = {Nash Jett Reyes and Franz Kevin F. Geronimo and Heidi B. Guerra and Lee-Hyung Kim},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/3/2332},
doi = {10.3390/su15032332},
issn = {2071-1050},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-27},
urldate = {2023-01-27},
journal = {Sustainability},
volume = {15},
number = {3},
abstract = {Stormwater treatment wetlands are widely recognized as efficient and cost-effective solutions to growing stormwater problems. This study presented a new approach to evaluating the current status and trends in stormwater treatment wetlands research. The annual scientific productivity of different states was identified using a bibliometric analysis approach. The number of publications related to stormwater treatment wetlands has exhibited an increasing trend since the earliest record of publication. USA and China were among the states that had the most number of stormwater treatment wetlands-related publications and international collaborations. In terms of the population-to-publication ratio, Australia, Canada, and South Korea were found to have a higher level of scientific productivity. Analysis of frequently used keywords and terms in scientific publications revealed that the efficiency of stormwater treatment wetlands and the processes involved in the removal of nutrients and trace elements were adequately investigated; however, inquiries on the removal of organic micropollutants and emerging pollutants, such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products, microplastics, and industrial compounds, among others, are still lacking. Through the comprehensive review of related scientific works, the design, components, and primary factors affecting the performance of stormwater treatment wetlands were also identified. Future works that address the aforementioned knowledge gaps are recommended to optimize the benefits of stormwater treatment wetlands.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Stormwater treatment wetlands are widely recognized as efficient and cost-effective solutions to growing stormwater problems. This study presented a new approach to evaluating the current status and trends in stormwater treatment wetlands research. The annual scientific productivity of different states was identified using a bibliometric analysis approach. The number of publications related to stormwater treatment wetlands has exhibited an increasing trend since the earliest record of publication. USA and China were among the states that had the most number of stormwater treatment wetlands-related publications and international collaborations. In terms of the population-to-publication ratio, Australia, Canada, and South Korea were found to have a higher level of scientific productivity. Analysis of frequently used keywords and terms in scientific publications revealed that the efficiency of stormwater treatment wetlands and the processes involved in the removal of nutrients and trace elements were adequately investigated; however, inquiries on the removal of organic micropollutants and emerging pollutants, such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products, microplastics, and industrial compounds, among others, are still lacking. Through the comprehensive review of related scientific works, the design, components, and primary factors affecting the performance of stormwater treatment wetlands were also identified. Future works that address the aforementioned knowledge gaps are recommended to optimize the benefits of stormwater treatment wetlands.
Miscellaneous
6.
Roux, Alexis; Doliget, Michèle; Escribe, Florent; Belamri, Pierre; Blazejczak, Louis; Séailles, Romain; Durand, Matthieu
Drones : surveillance et sécurité - Le drone au service de l’Etat ? Miscellaneous
2023, (Description de controverses - Mines Paris PSL Research University).
@misc{Roux2023,
title = {Drones : surveillance et sécurité - Le drone au service de l’Etat ?},
author = {Alexis Roux and Michèle Doliget and Florent Escribe and Pierre Belamri and Louis Blazejczak and Romain Séailles and Matthieu Durand},
url = {https://controverses.minesparis.psl.eu/public/promo22/PC1Drones.pdf},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-01-01},
urldate = {2023-01-01},
school = {Mines Paris PSL Research University},
abstract = {Pour comprendre la controverse autour de l’usage des drones pour la surveillance, il est important d’analyser le juste équilibre à trouver entre sécurité et surveillance d’une part et libertés fondamentales des citoyens d’une autre. Dans quelle mesure l’État peut-il se munir de drones à la pointe de la technologie sans empiéter sur les libertés individuelles de chaque citoyen ?
Cette controverse inhérente au Droit, dépend intrinsèquement de l’État considéré, les États pouvant avoir des rapports variés concernant la surveillance des citoyens. Ici nous analyserons tout particulièrement la situation au sein de la France. Néanmoins, pour prendre du recul, nous comparerons en tant qu’ouverture le point de vue d’autres États au regard de celui de la France.},
note = {Description de controverses - Mines Paris PSL Research University},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {misc}
}
Pour comprendre la controverse autour de l’usage des drones pour la surveillance, il est important d’analyser le juste équilibre à trouver entre sécurité et surveillance d’une part et libertés fondamentales des citoyens d’une autre. Dans quelle mesure l’État peut-il se munir de drones à la pointe de la technologie sans empiéter sur les libertés individuelles de chaque citoyen ?
Cette controverse inhérente au Droit, dépend intrinsèquement de l’État considéré, les États pouvant avoir des rapports variés concernant la surveillance des citoyens. Ici nous analyserons tout particulièrement la situation au sein de la France. Néanmoins, pour prendre du recul, nous comparerons en tant qu’ouverture le point de vue d’autres États au regard de celui de la France.
Cette controverse inhérente au Droit, dépend intrinsèquement de l’État considéré, les États pouvant avoir des rapports variés concernant la surveillance des citoyens. Ici nous analyserons tout particulièrement la situation au sein de la France. Néanmoins, pour prendre du recul, nous comparerons en tant qu’ouverture le point de vue d’autres États au regard de celui de la France.
Technical Reports
7.
Morais, Latino Loureiro
Veille sur la biodégradabilité des matériaux biosourcés Technical Report
2023.
@techreport{Morais2023,
title = {Veille sur la biodégradabilité des matériaux biosourcés},
author = {Latino Loureiro Morais},
url = {https://www.fcba.fr/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/PolyNat-Rapport-Veille-sur-la-biod%C3%A9gradabilit%C3%A9-des-mat%C3%A9riaux-biosourc%C3%A9s-022023.pdf},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-02-01},
urldate = {2023-02-01},
organization = {Institut technologique FCBA},
abstract = {Suite à la publication de la Directive relative à la réduction de l’incidence de certains produits en plastique sur l’environnement (2019/904, SUPP) et la transposition dans la loi française AGEC (Anti-gaspillage pour une économie circulaire), il est interdit de mettre sur le marché des produits à usage unique dont une des composantes fonctionnelles est un plastique.
Le critère de biodégradabilité pourrait être dérogatoire dans certains pays de l’Union Européenne, mais les conditions d’évaluation restent floues. Une harmonisation des méthodes de biodégradabilité pour les emballages et plastiques est nécessaire.
Selon European Bioplastics, organisation représentant les intérêts des industries européennes des plastiques biosourcés, si moins de la moitié des bioplastiques produits dans le monde en 2017 étaient biodégradables, cette part est montée à près des deux tiers en 2021 en Europe, ce qui semble aller dans le sens des volontés gouvernementales européennes.
Cette présente veille sur la biodégradabilité, réalisée dans le cadre d’une action de professionnalisation PolyNat, vise donc à suivre l’évolution des méthodes de caractérisation de la biodégradabilité et la persistance dans l’environnement les matériaux contenant des polymères synthétiques ou biosourcés à travers une revue scientifique de ces dernières années.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
Suite à la publication de la Directive relative à la réduction de l’incidence de certains produits en plastique sur l’environnement (2019/904, SUPP) et la transposition dans la loi française AGEC (Anti-gaspillage pour une économie circulaire), il est interdit de mettre sur le marché des produits à usage unique dont une des composantes fonctionnelles est un plastique.
Le critère de biodégradabilité pourrait être dérogatoire dans certains pays de l’Union Européenne, mais les conditions d’évaluation restent floues. Une harmonisation des méthodes de biodégradabilité pour les emballages et plastiques est nécessaire.
Selon European Bioplastics, organisation représentant les intérêts des industries européennes des plastiques biosourcés, si moins de la moitié des bioplastiques produits dans le monde en 2017 étaient biodégradables, cette part est montée à près des deux tiers en 2021 en Europe, ce qui semble aller dans le sens des volontés gouvernementales européennes.
Cette présente veille sur la biodégradabilité, réalisée dans le cadre d’une action de professionnalisation PolyNat, vise donc à suivre l’évolution des méthodes de caractérisation de la biodégradabilité et la persistance dans l’environnement les matériaux contenant des polymères synthétiques ou biosourcés à travers une revue scientifique de ces dernières années.
Le critère de biodégradabilité pourrait être dérogatoire dans certains pays de l’Union Européenne, mais les conditions d’évaluation restent floues. Une harmonisation des méthodes de biodégradabilité pour les emballages et plastiques est nécessaire.
Selon European Bioplastics, organisation représentant les intérêts des industries européennes des plastiques biosourcés, si moins de la moitié des bioplastiques produits dans le monde en 2017 étaient biodégradables, cette part est montée à près des deux tiers en 2021 en Europe, ce qui semble aller dans le sens des volontés gouvernementales européennes.
Cette présente veille sur la biodégradabilité, réalisée dans le cadre d’une action de professionnalisation PolyNat, vise donc à suivre l’évolution des méthodes de caractérisation de la biodégradabilité et la persistance dans l’environnement les matériaux contenant des polymères synthétiques ou biosourcés à travers une revue scientifique de ces dernières années.
2022
Journal Articles
8.
dos Santos Carvalho, Lidiane; de Lima, Clóvis Ricardo Montenegro; de Macêdo, Wânia Cristina Morais
A comunicação científica em tempos de pandemia do covid-19 Journal Article
In: Asklepion, iss. 2, pp. 141-161, 2022.
@article{dosCarvalho2022b,
title = {A comunicação científica em tempos de pandemia do covid-19},
author = {Lidiane dos Santos Carvalho and Clóvis Ricardo Montenegro de Lima and Wânia Cristina Morais de Macêdo},
url = {https://www.asklepionrevista.info/asklepion/article/view/59},
doi = {10.21728/asklepion.2022v2nesp.p141-161},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-11-18},
urldate = {2022-11-18},
booktitle = {Asklepion: Informação em Saúde},
journal = {Asklepion},
issue = {2},
pages = {141-161},
address = {Rio de Janeiro},
abstract = {Este estudo investiga mudanças, melhorias e inovações ocorridas na comunicação científica no campo da saúde durante a pandemia provocada pela COVID-19. Os procedimentos metodológicos usados consistiram em uma adaptação da estratégia de revisão sistemática empregada nas ciências naturais denominada PICO e a fonte de dados foi a Literatura publicada na Web of Science. Os resultados destes estudos indicam melhorias e inovações que discutem a credibilidade da informação científica, a revisão por pares e os sistemas de informação científica, bem como as suas formas de compartilhamento. Conclui-se que o modo como se valida a informação científica está sofrendo modificações e coloca em cena pelo menos dois problemas a serem discutidos: o primeiro deles relacionado à validade da ciência, o segundo de ruptura com o modelo de acesso baseado pautado nas formas tradicionais de agregação de capital das grandes editoras.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Este estudo investiga mudanças, melhorias e inovações ocorridas na comunicação científica no campo da saúde durante a pandemia provocada pela COVID-19. Os procedimentos metodológicos usados consistiram em uma adaptação da estratégia de revisão sistemática empregada nas ciências naturais denominada PICO e a fonte de dados foi a Literatura publicada na Web of Science. Os resultados destes estudos indicam melhorias e inovações que discutem a credibilidade da informação científica, a revisão por pares e os sistemas de informação científica, bem como as suas formas de compartilhamento. Conclui-se que o modo como se valida a informação científica está sofrendo modificações e coloca em cena pelo menos dois problemas a serem discutidos: o primeiro deles relacionado à validade da ciência, o segundo de ruptura com o modelo de acesso baseado pautado nas formas tradicionais de agregação de capital das grandes editoras.
9.
Ruhua, Huang; Yuting, Huang; Ya, Li
Research on Open Government Data Utilizationat Home and Abroad: Progress and Trends Journal Article
In: vol. 43, iss. 4, no. 5-15, 2022.
@article{Ruhua2022,
title = {Research on Open Government Data Utilizationat Home and Abroad: Progress and Trends},
author = {Huang Ruhua and Huang Yuting and Li Ya},
url = {http://qbzl.ruc.edu.cn/CN/abstract/abstract1543.shtml},
doi = {/10.12154/j.qbzlgz.2022.04.001},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-07-01},
urldate = {2022-07-01},
volume = {43},
number = {5-15},
issue = {4},
school = {Huang Ruhua Huang Yuting (Wuhan University) and Li Ya (Soochow University)},
abstract = {[Purpose/significance] The Open Government Data (OGD) movement has stimulated the opening and sharing of government data significantly. Data use, reuse, distribution, and value creation, is the next vital step in the global OGD movement. Summarizing current research progress in OGD utilization would lay a foundation for follow-up re? search and provide theoretical support for future practice.
[Method/process] This paper intends to explore the development trends and future perspectives of OGD utilization research mainly based on research articles from both China and abroad. Grey literature (i.e., related government documents, meeting minutes, important institution/project reports)are also analyzed to demonstrate a more holistic scenario. First, the development trend and topic distribution of OGD utilization research are discussed. Then, this article clarifies Chinese and international research progress from three aspects of data value, data user and promotion method. Finally, recent research trend of OGD utilization is summarized and future research directions are prospected based on research results.
[Result/conclusion] This paper reveals three research tendencies in OGD utilization studies. First, previous OGD utilization study was driven by the supply side, while current study tends to motivated more by the demand side. Second, previous OGD utilization study was usually conducted from a macro viewpoint, while fine-grained research angle is more preferred currently. Third, research paid more attention on data usage in government departments in former studies, while research on the use of OGD by the public is increasing. Several research topics are worth researching in the future, namely OGD utilization value, diverse OGD users and solid support measures for OGD utilization. From China’s perspective, the angle and depth in OGD utilization research need to be further enhanced. Moreover, studies that reflect Chinese characteristics are essential for the improvement of the international level of China's OGD utilization research. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
[Purpose/significance] The Open Government Data (OGD) movement has stimulated the opening and sharing of government data significantly. Data use, reuse, distribution, and value creation, is the next vital step in the global OGD movement. Summarizing current research progress in OGD utilization would lay a foundation for follow-up re? search and provide theoretical support for future practice.
[Method/process] This paper intends to explore the development trends and future perspectives of OGD utilization research mainly based on research articles from both China and abroad. Grey literature (i.e., related government documents, meeting minutes, important institution/project reports)are also analyzed to demonstrate a more holistic scenario. First, the development trend and topic distribution of OGD utilization research are discussed. Then, this article clarifies Chinese and international research progress from three aspects of data value, data user and promotion method. Finally, recent research trend of OGD utilization is summarized and future research directions are prospected based on research results.
[Result/conclusion] This paper reveals three research tendencies in OGD utilization studies. First, previous OGD utilization study was driven by the supply side, while current study tends to motivated more by the demand side. Second, previous OGD utilization study was usually conducted from a macro viewpoint, while fine-grained research angle is more preferred currently. Third, research paid more attention on data usage in government departments in former studies, while research on the use of OGD by the public is increasing. Several research topics are worth researching in the future, namely OGD utilization value, diverse OGD users and solid support measures for OGD utilization. From China’s perspective, the angle and depth in OGD utilization research need to be further enhanced. Moreover, studies that reflect Chinese characteristics are essential for the improvement of the international level of China's OGD utilization research.
[Method/process] This paper intends to explore the development trends and future perspectives of OGD utilization research mainly based on research articles from both China and abroad. Grey literature (i.e., related government documents, meeting minutes, important institution/project reports)are also analyzed to demonstrate a more holistic scenario. First, the development trend and topic distribution of OGD utilization research are discussed. Then, this article clarifies Chinese and international research progress from three aspects of data value, data user and promotion method. Finally, recent research trend of OGD utilization is summarized and future research directions are prospected based on research results.
[Result/conclusion] This paper reveals three research tendencies in OGD utilization studies. First, previous OGD utilization study was driven by the supply side, while current study tends to motivated more by the demand side. Second, previous OGD utilization study was usually conducted from a macro viewpoint, while fine-grained research angle is more preferred currently. Third, research paid more attention on data usage in government departments in former studies, while research on the use of OGD by the public is increasing. Several research topics are worth researching in the future, namely OGD utilization value, diverse OGD users and solid support measures for OGD utilization. From China’s perspective, the angle and depth in OGD utilization research need to be further enhanced. Moreover, studies that reflect Chinese characteristics are essential for the improvement of the international level of China's OGD utilization research.
10.
Calvo, Diana C.; Luna, Hector J.; Arango, Jineth A.; Torres, Cesar I.; Rittmann, Bruce E.
Determining global trends in syngas fermentation research through a bibliometric analysis Journal Article
In: Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 307, pp. 114522, 2022, ISSN: 0301-4797.
@article{Calvo2022,
title = {Determining global trends in syngas fermentation research through a bibliometric analysis},
author = {Diana C. Calvo and Hector J. Luna and Jineth A. Arango and Cesar I. Torres and Bruce E. Rittmann},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301479722000950},
doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114522},
issn = {0301-4797},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-04-01},
journal = {Journal of Environmental Management},
volume = {307},
pages = {114522},
abstract = {Syngas fermentation, in which microorganisms convert H2, CO, and CO2 to acids and alcohols, is a promising alternative for carbon cycling and valorization. The intellectual landscape of the topic was characterized through a bibliometric analysis using a search query (SQ) that included all relevant documents on syngas fermentation available through the Web of Science database up to December 31st, 2021. The SQ was validated with a preliminary analysis in bibliometrix and a review of titles and abstracts of all sources. Although syngas fermentation began in the early 1980s, it grew rapidly beginning in 2008, with 92.5% of total publications and 87.3% of total citations from 2008 to 2021. The field has been steadily moving from fundamentals towards applications, suggesting that the field is maturing scientifically. The greatest number of publications and citations are from the USA, and researchers in China, Germany, and Spain also are highly active. Although collaborations have increased in the past few years, author-cluster analysis shows specialized research domains with little collaboration between groups. Based on topic trends, the main challenges to be address are related to mass-transfer limitations, and researchers are starting to explore mixed cultures, genetic engineering, microbial chain elongation, and biorefineries.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Syngas fermentation, in which microorganisms convert H2, CO, and CO2 to acids and alcohols, is a promising alternative for carbon cycling and valorization. The intellectual landscape of the topic was characterized through a bibliometric analysis using a search query (SQ) that included all relevant documents on syngas fermentation available through the Web of Science database up to December 31st, 2021. The SQ was validated with a preliminary analysis in bibliometrix and a review of titles and abstracts of all sources. Although syngas fermentation began in the early 1980s, it grew rapidly beginning in 2008, with 92.5% of total publications and 87.3% of total citations from 2008 to 2021. The field has been steadily moving from fundamentals towards applications, suggesting that the field is maturing scientifically. The greatest number of publications and citations are from the USA, and researchers in China, Germany, and Spain also are highly active. Although collaborations have increased in the past few years, author-cluster analysis shows specialized research domains with little collaboration between groups. Based on topic trends, the main challenges to be address are related to mass-transfer limitations, and researchers are starting to explore mixed cultures, genetic engineering, microbial chain elongation, and biorefineries.
Conferences
11.
Huang, Ruhua; Huang, Yuting
The research trend of open government data utilization: A systematic review Conference
Wuhan University University of Illinois, China, 2022.
@conference{Huang2022,
title = {The research trend of open government data utilization: A systematic review},
author = {Ruhua Huang and Yuting Huang},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/2142/113752
https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/items/123108},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-06-06},
urldate = {2022-06-06},
publisher = {University of Illinois},
address = {China},
organization = {Wuhan University},
abstract = {The open government data (OGD) movement has stimulated the opening and sharing of government data significantly. Data use, reuse and distribution, as well as value creation, is the next vital step in the global OGD movement. Summarizing current research progress of OGD utilization (OGDU) would lay a foundation for follow-up research and provide theoretical support for future practice. This poster conducted a systematic review on OGDU research mainly based on research articles, while other document types (e.g., important scientific reports) were also considered to demonstrate a more holistic scenario. The research trends of OGDU were summarized and future research directions were proposed based on research results. This poster revealed three research tendencies in OGDU studies. First, previous OGDU study was driven by the supply side, while current study tends to motivated by the demand side. Second, previous OGDU study was normally conducted from a macro viewpoint, while fine-grained research is more preferred currently. Third, previous research paid more attention on data usage by government departments, while data usage by the public attracts an increasing amount of attention currently. Several research topics are worth researching in the further, i.e., the value of OGDU, diverse contexts for OGDU and solid support measures for OGDU.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
The open government data (OGD) movement has stimulated the opening and sharing of government data significantly. Data use, reuse and distribution, as well as value creation, is the next vital step in the global OGD movement. Summarizing current research progress of OGD utilization (OGDU) would lay a foundation for follow-up research and provide theoretical support for future practice. This poster conducted a systematic review on OGDU research mainly based on research articles, while other document types (e.g., important scientific reports) were also considered to demonstrate a more holistic scenario. The research trends of OGDU were summarized and future research directions were proposed based on research results. This poster revealed three research tendencies in OGDU studies. First, previous OGDU study was driven by the supply side, while current study tends to motivated by the demand side. Second, previous OGDU study was normally conducted from a macro viewpoint, while fine-grained research is more preferred currently. Third, previous research paid more attention on data usage by government departments, while data usage by the public attracts an increasing amount of attention currently. Several research topics are worth researching in the further, i.e., the value of OGDU, diverse contexts for OGDU and solid support measures for OGDU.
Masters Theses
12.
Larsen, Alberte Bau
Mapping out Nature National Park Gribskov - Controversies of nature, culture and realities. Masters Thesis
Aalborg Universitet, 2022.
@mastersthesis{Larsen2022,
title = {Mapping out Nature National Park Gribskov - Controversies of nature, culture and realities.},
author = {Alberte Bau Larsen},
url = {https://projekter.aau.dk/projekter/da/studentthesis/mapping-out-nature-national-park-gribskov--controversies-of-nature-culture-and-realities(6b10c821-bcbb-4cc7-9ef5-8af847dbc4d9).html
https://projekter.aau.dk/projekter/files/461287973/Alberte_Bau_Larsen___Mapping_out_Nature_National_Park_Gribskov.pdf},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-18},
school = {Aalborg Universitet},
abstract = {This thesis researches public enactments of nature-cultures within the case of the new Nature National Park Gribskov. It aims at mapping out controversies that rise when an area of the Gribskov forest will change its management practices from production forest to a place with rewilding, where large herbivores and untouched forest will be the approach to management, in order to increase biodiversity in the area.
To create a map of the controversies, I analyse how publics gather around issues, and enacts different realities of purposes and usages of nature, which causes different realities to clash. Through an extensive set of data on the controversy, collected from Facebook, public hearings and interview with the local public, I identify six central objects of dispute, namely; large herbivores, fences, outdoor life, biodiversity, climate and expertise. These objects are fluid in their actions in different networks, causing clashes between practices of each object alone, as well as among the objects. An underlying factor of clashes within a majority of the objects are the enactments of wild nature, which leads to disputes over the design of the Nature National Park Gribskov.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {mastersthesis}
}
This thesis researches public enactments of nature-cultures within the case of the new Nature National Park Gribskov. It aims at mapping out controversies that rise when an area of the Gribskov forest will change its management practices from production forest to a place with rewilding, where large herbivores and untouched forest will be the approach to management, in order to increase biodiversity in the area.
To create a map of the controversies, I analyse how publics gather around issues, and enacts different realities of purposes and usages of nature, which causes different realities to clash. Through an extensive set of data on the controversy, collected from Facebook, public hearings and interview with the local public, I identify six central objects of dispute, namely; large herbivores, fences, outdoor life, biodiversity, climate and expertise. These objects are fluid in their actions in different networks, causing clashes between practices of each object alone, as well as among the objects. An underlying factor of clashes within a majority of the objects are the enactments of wild nature, which leads to disputes over the design of the Nature National Park Gribskov.
To create a map of the controversies, I analyse how publics gather around issues, and enacts different realities of purposes and usages of nature, which causes different realities to clash. Through an extensive set of data on the controversy, collected from Facebook, public hearings and interview with the local public, I identify six central objects of dispute, namely; large herbivores, fences, outdoor life, biodiversity, climate and expertise. These objects are fluid in their actions in different networks, causing clashes between practices of each object alone, as well as among the objects. An underlying factor of clashes within a majority of the objects are the enactments of wild nature, which leads to disputes over the design of the Nature National Park Gribskov.
2021
Journal Articles
13.
Shen, Yuanfei; Ji, Ling; Xie, Yulei; Huang, Guohe; Li, Xin; Huang, Lucheng
Research landscape and hot topics of rooftop PV: A bibliometric and network analysis Journal Article
In: Energy and Buildings, vol. 251, pp. 111333, 2021, ISSN: 0378-7788.
@article{Shen2021,
title = {Research landscape and hot topics of rooftop PV: A bibliometric and network analysis},
author = {Yuanfei Shen and Ling Ji and Yulei Xie and Guohe Huang and Xin Li and Lucheng Huang},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378778821006174},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.111333},
issn = {0378-7788},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-11-15},
urldate = {2021-11-15},
journal = {Energy and Buildings},
volume = {251},
pages = {111333},
abstract = {Rooftop photovoltaic (PV) system, as part of the renewable energy development strategy to guarantee energy security and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in urban areas, has received a lot of attention during the last decade. To provide an up-to-date and systematic research landscape of the rooftop PV field, this study conducted the bibliometric analysis, collaboration network analysis, co-citation analysis, and hotspots detection based on 595 articles collected from the core collection database of Web of Science. The results showed that the number of publications per year in this field has increased steadily since 2015. The USA was the most important contributor in this research field in terms of quantity (number of publications) and impact (number of citations). The co-authorship communities were obtained by collaboration network analysis, and the international collaboration is expected to be further strengthened according to the research focuses of each community. The key knowledge base and the main hot topics of the rooftop PV research field were identified from co-citation analysis and keywords co-occurrence network. Furthermore, based on the literature review, a detailed analysis of the main topics was provided for a better understanding of the current research trends and opportunities. This study can be served as a strategic review of the rooftop PV field to help relevant researchers carry out in-depth research in the future.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Rooftop photovoltaic (PV) system, as part of the renewable energy development strategy to guarantee energy security and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in urban areas, has received a lot of attention during the last decade. To provide an up-to-date and systematic research landscape of the rooftop PV field, this study conducted the bibliometric analysis, collaboration network analysis, co-citation analysis, and hotspots detection based on 595 articles collected from the core collection database of Web of Science. The results showed that the number of publications per year in this field has increased steadily since 2015. The USA was the most important contributor in this research field in terms of quantity (number of publications) and impact (number of citations). The co-authorship communities were obtained by collaboration network analysis, and the international collaboration is expected to be further strengthened according to the research focuses of each community. The key knowledge base and the main hot topics of the rooftop PV research field were identified from co-citation analysis and keywords co-occurrence network. Furthermore, based on the literature review, a detailed analysis of the main topics was provided for a better understanding of the current research trends and opportunities. This study can be served as a strategic review of the rooftop PV field to help relevant researchers carry out in-depth research in the future.
Book Chapters
14.
Noël, Marianne
In: Kastenhofer, Karen; Molyneux-Hodgson, Susan (Ed.): Community and Identity in Contemporary Technosciences, vol. 31, pp. 41-64, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2021, ISBN: 978-3-030-61728-8.
@inbook{Noël2021,
title = {Remaining Central and Interdisciplinary: Conditions for Success of a Research Speciality at the University of Strasbourg (1961-2011)},
author = {Marianne Noël},
editor = {Karen Kastenhofer and Susan Molyneux-Hodgson},
url = {https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-030-61728-8_2.pdf},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-61728-8_2},
isbn = {978-3-030-61728-8},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-03-23},
urldate = {2021-03-23},
booktitle = {Community and Identity in Contemporary Technosciences},
volume = {31},
pages = {41-64},
publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
address = {Cham},
abstract = {Supramolecular chemistry (SMC), at the interface between chemistry, physics and biology, is a research domain which has grown considerably in the last 40 years. Jean-Marie Lehn was the first to lay its foundations and formalise its concepts, in a seminal article published in 1978. This work earned him the 1987 Nobel Prize for Chemistry, which he shared with Charles J. Pedersen (DuPont) and Donald J. Cram (UCLA). The development of SMC has led to the creation of a dedicated institute and a new building on the university campus. In this chapter, the emergence of supramolecular chemistry as a paradigm and research speciality at the University of Strasbourg (France) is reconstructed with a focus on Lehn's central role in this process, proposing a three-period chronology based on Mullins' sequential model (1972). It is furthermore argued that the creation of a physical space, with particular architecture and functions, has also played a key role in consolidating what is now called the ``Strasbourg's chemistry''. The (multi)disciplinary character of SMC is discussed in reference to the concept of ``new disciplinarity'' put forward by Marcovich and Shinn (Soc Sci Inf 50(3--4):582--6062011, Toward a new dimension: exploring the nanoscale. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2014).},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
Supramolecular chemistry (SMC), at the interface between chemistry, physics and biology, is a research domain which has grown considerably in the last 40 years. Jean-Marie Lehn was the first to lay its foundations and formalise its concepts, in a seminal article published in 1978. This work earned him the 1987 Nobel Prize for Chemistry, which he shared with Charles J. Pedersen (DuPont) and Donald J. Cram (UCLA). The development of SMC has led to the creation of a dedicated institute and a new building on the university campus. In this chapter, the emergence of supramolecular chemistry as a paradigm and research speciality at the University of Strasbourg (France) is reconstructed with a focus on Lehn's central role in this process, proposing a three-period chronology based on Mullins' sequential model (1972). It is furthermore argued that the creation of a physical space, with particular architecture and functions, has also played a key role in consolidating what is now called the ``Strasbourg's chemistry''. The (multi)disciplinary character of SMC is discussed in reference to the concept of ``new disciplinarity'' put forward by Marcovich and Shinn (Soc Sci Inf 50(3--4):582--6062011, Toward a new dimension: exploring the nanoscale. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2014).
15.
Raimbault, Benjamin; Joly, Pierre-Benoit
The Emergence of Technoscientific Fields and the New Political Sociology of Science Book Chapter
In: Kastenhofer, Karen; Molyneux-Hodgson, Susan (Ed.): Community and Identity in Contemporary Technosciences, vol. 31, pp. 85–106, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2021, ISBN: 978-3-030-61728-8.
@inbook{Raimbault2021,
title = {The Emergence of Technoscientific Fields and the New Political Sociology of Science},
author = {Benjamin Raimbault and Pierre-Benoit Joly},
editor = {Karen Kastenhofer and Susan Molyneux-Hodgson},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61728-8_4},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-61728-8_4},
isbn = {978-3-030-61728-8},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-03-23},
urldate = {2021-03-23},
booktitle = {Community and Identity in Contemporary Technosciences},
volume = {31},
pages = {85--106},
publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
address = {Cham},
abstract = {This chapter conceptualizes the emergence of a techno-scientific field (TSF) as a multiscalar and progressive establishment of a new set of epistemic and social rules. Drawing on science and technology studies and field theories, we design an original conceptual framework that allows us to formulate three propositions to characterize the process of emergence of a TSF. We use the emergence of synthetic biology (Synbio) as a `laboratory' to test this framework. Each proposition refers to a determinant dimension in the process of emergence---heterogeneity, hierarchy, and autonomy. First, we claim that heterogeneity (of disciplines, research questions, visions, social norms) is constitutive of the emergence of a new TSF. Second, the population of Synbio researchers is highly stratified; a core group of scientific entrepreneurs (incumbents and challengers) plays an active role in the process of emergence. Third, strategies for the control of external resources are crucial to the structuration of the field, which is mirrored by the prominent role of core-group members as boundary spanners. An original scientometric approach is used to create specific variables that allow us to investigate both network and field structural dynamics bridging qualitative and quantitative approaches.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
This chapter conceptualizes the emergence of a techno-scientific field (TSF) as a multiscalar and progressive establishment of a new set of epistemic and social rules. Drawing on science and technology studies and field theories, we design an original conceptual framework that allows us to formulate three propositions to characterize the process of emergence of a TSF. We use the emergence of synthetic biology (Synbio) as a `laboratory' to test this framework. Each proposition refers to a determinant dimension in the process of emergence---heterogeneity, hierarchy, and autonomy. First, we claim that heterogeneity (of disciplines, research questions, visions, social norms) is constitutive of the emergence of a new TSF. Second, the population of Synbio researchers is highly stratified; a core group of scientific entrepreneurs (incumbents and challengers) plays an active role in the process of emergence. Third, strategies for the control of external resources are crucial to the structuration of the field, which is mirrored by the prominent role of core-group members as boundary spanners. An original scientometric approach is used to create specific variables that allow us to investigate both network and field structural dynamics bridging qualitative and quantitative approaches.
Masters Theses
16.
Béchet, Nathalie
2021.
@mastersthesis{Béchet2021,
title = {#IamNotaVirus: text mining analysis of the blame phenomenon and anti-asian racism on Twitter amid the Covid-19 pandemic Observation of the narrative diversity generated by hashtag activism in France},
author = {Nathalie Béchet},
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349883313_IamNotaVirus_text_mining_analysis_of_the_blame_phenomenon_and_anti-asian_racism_on_Twitter_amid_the_Covid-19_pandemic_Observation_of_the_narrative_diversity_generated_by_hashtag_activism_in_France},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.14680.21761},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-05-01},
urldate = {2021-05-01},
abstract = {The hashtag #JeNeSuisPasUnVirus (#IamNotAVirus) was coined in January 2020 during the outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19) in China as anti-Asian racist incidents gained visibility nourished by the idea that if the pandemic originated in Asia, Asian people were infected and responsible for the spread of the virus. This hashtag reached a peak on January 28th before decreasing, following the shifting curve of the blame phenomenon (Atlani-Duault et al., 2020). Certainly anti-Asian racism is not a new phenomenon, but the Covid-19 pandemic came as an enhancer for xenophobic acts and hate speeches. As Asian communities informally got together online via hashtag activism to denounce persecutions they face, we could observe how the recurring blame process amid health crises, has been worded around ethnic and cultural stigmata. The many comparisons Twitter users from our corpus tended to make with anti-Muslim sentiments in France showed just how the phenomenon at stake here is the one of using a nation's minorities as a scapegoat for local issues. This 2020 epidemic and its associated Twitter hashtag #JeNeSuisPasUnVirus, are just a salience that ought to be grasped by researchers to scrutinize the plurality of narratives around anti-Asian racism and observe how the blame phenomenon works. The present study aims to do so by applying text mining methods to thousands of tweets containing this precise hashtag from the end of January to the end of March 2020.
The present article stands for a Master Thesis presented in order to obtain a M.A. in Data Sciences and Digital Sociology from Gustave Eiffel University under the supervision of Digital Sociology associate professor Bilel Benbouzid. It hasn't been published.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {mastersthesis}
}
The hashtag #JeNeSuisPasUnVirus (#IamNotAVirus) was coined in January 2020 during the outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19) in China as anti-Asian racist incidents gained visibility nourished by the idea that if the pandemic originated in Asia, Asian people were infected and responsible for the spread of the virus. This hashtag reached a peak on January 28th before decreasing, following the shifting curve of the blame phenomenon (Atlani-Duault et al., 2020). Certainly anti-Asian racism is not a new phenomenon, but the Covid-19 pandemic came as an enhancer for xenophobic acts and hate speeches. As Asian communities informally got together online via hashtag activism to denounce persecutions they face, we could observe how the recurring blame process amid health crises, has been worded around ethnic and cultural stigmata. The many comparisons Twitter users from our corpus tended to make with anti-Muslim sentiments in France showed just how the phenomenon at stake here is the one of using a nation's minorities as a scapegoat for local issues. This 2020 epidemic and its associated Twitter hashtag #JeNeSuisPasUnVirus, are just a salience that ought to be grasped by researchers to scrutinize the plurality of narratives around anti-Asian racism and observe how the blame phenomenon works. The present study aims to do so by applying text mining methods to thousands of tweets containing this precise hashtag from the end of January to the end of March 2020.
The present article stands for a Master Thesis presented in order to obtain a M.A. in Data Sciences and Digital Sociology from Gustave Eiffel University under the supervision of Digital Sociology associate professor Bilel Benbouzid. It hasn't been published.
The present article stands for a Master Thesis presented in order to obtain a M.A. in Data Sciences and Digital Sociology from Gustave Eiffel University under the supervision of Digital Sociology associate professor Bilel Benbouzid. It hasn't been published.
Online
17.
Ambert, Margaux; Iparraguirre, Camille; Nowak, Natacha; Villain, Chloé
Faut-il des quotas en faveur des femmes ? Online
2021.
@online{Ambert2021,
title = {Faut-il des quotas en faveur des femmes ?},
author = {Margaux Ambert and Camille Iparraguirre and Natacha Nowak and Chloé Villain},
url = {https://controverses.minesparis.psl.eu/public/promo13/promo13_G25/www.controverses-minesparistech-7.fr/_groupe25/index.html},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-08-01},
abstract = {La cartographie des controverses fut crée par le sociologue français Bruno Latour, professeur et directeur scientifique à Sciences-Po Paris.
Depuis les années 2000, cette discipline enseignée à l’Ecole Normale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, à Sciences-Po Paris, mais aussi au MIT (Boston), à la Manchester University, ainsi qu’à l’Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne.
De manière générale, dans l’étude d’une controverse, la cartographie permet de traduire l’observation d’un paysage complexe dans une représentation capable de rendre sa complexité facilement lisible par toute personne. En effet, une controverse est une situation, un paysage complexe dans lequel se trouvent une multitude d’acteurs en présence poursuivant des intérêts contradictoires et facent à une pluralité d’enjeux. La cartographie permet de se construire un avis sur un objet de notre société auquel nous sommes plus ou moins directement concernés.
Concernant notre controverse sur les quotas en faveur des femmes, vous trouverez dans la rubrique Acteurs quelques schéma de quantification ainsi qu’une frise chronologique. Ici, nous rajouterons seulement quelques liens vers Cortext pour que les personnes intéressées puissent visualiser d’autres données de nos recherches.
(Le site web suivant est un exercice réalisé par des élèves de première année de l’école des mines dans le cadre du cours de Description des controverses. Ces sites sont le résultat de travail d’étudiants et sont mis en ligne pour des raisons pédagogiques et didactiques.)},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
La cartographie des controverses fut crée par le sociologue français Bruno Latour, professeur et directeur scientifique à Sciences-Po Paris.
Depuis les années 2000, cette discipline enseignée à l’Ecole Normale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, à Sciences-Po Paris, mais aussi au MIT (Boston), à la Manchester University, ainsi qu’à l’Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne.
De manière générale, dans l’étude d’une controverse, la cartographie permet de traduire l’observation d’un paysage complexe dans une représentation capable de rendre sa complexité facilement lisible par toute personne. En effet, une controverse est une situation, un paysage complexe dans lequel se trouvent une multitude d’acteurs en présence poursuivant des intérêts contradictoires et facent à une pluralité d’enjeux. La cartographie permet de se construire un avis sur un objet de notre société auquel nous sommes plus ou moins directement concernés.
Concernant notre controverse sur les quotas en faveur des femmes, vous trouverez dans la rubrique Acteurs quelques schéma de quantification ainsi qu’une frise chronologique. Ici, nous rajouterons seulement quelques liens vers Cortext pour que les personnes intéressées puissent visualiser d’autres données de nos recherches.
(Le site web suivant est un exercice réalisé par des élèves de première année de l’école des mines dans le cadre du cours de Description des controverses. Ces sites sont le résultat de travail d’étudiants et sont mis en ligne pour des raisons pédagogiques et didactiques.)
Depuis les années 2000, cette discipline enseignée à l’Ecole Normale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, à Sciences-Po Paris, mais aussi au MIT (Boston), à la Manchester University, ainsi qu’à l’Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne.
De manière générale, dans l’étude d’une controverse, la cartographie permet de traduire l’observation d’un paysage complexe dans une représentation capable de rendre sa complexité facilement lisible par toute personne. En effet, une controverse est une situation, un paysage complexe dans lequel se trouvent une multitude d’acteurs en présence poursuivant des intérêts contradictoires et facent à une pluralité d’enjeux. La cartographie permet de se construire un avis sur un objet de notre société auquel nous sommes plus ou moins directement concernés.
Concernant notre controverse sur les quotas en faveur des femmes, vous trouverez dans la rubrique Acteurs quelques schéma de quantification ainsi qu’une frise chronologique. Ici, nous rajouterons seulement quelques liens vers Cortext pour que les personnes intéressées puissent visualiser d’autres données de nos recherches.
(Le site web suivant est un exercice réalisé par des élèves de première année de l’école des mines dans le cadre du cours de Description des controverses. Ces sites sont le résultat de travail d’étudiants et sont mis en ligne pour des raisons pédagogiques et didactiques.)
Technical Reports
18.
Comité d’experts, ANSES
Expositions aux champs électromagnétiques liées au déploiement de la technologie de communication «5G» et effets sanitaires éventuels associés Technical Report
ANSES Maisons-Alfort, no. 2019-SA-0006, 2021, (Rapport d’expertise collective - Saisine n° 2019-SA-0006).
@techreport{ANSES2021,
title = {Expositions aux champs électromagnétiques liées au déploiement de la technologie de communication «5G» et effets sanitaires éventuels associés},
author = {Comité d’experts, ANSES},
url = {https://www.actu-environnement.com/media/pdf/news-37400-rapport-5G-anses.pdf},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-03-31},
urldate = {2021-03-31},
number = {2019-SA-0006},
address = {Maisons-Alfort},
institution = {ANSES},
abstract = {La 5G est la norme technique de téléphonie mobile de 5e génération et, à ce titre, elle succède à la 4G et peut être utilisée en complément de la 2G, de la 3G et de la 4G. Les principales caractéristiques de cette technologie ont été décrites dans le rapport préliminaire publié par l’Anses en janvier 2020 (Anses, 2020). La norme 5G est plus particulièrement ouverte et flexible, tant au niveau de la configuration que des usages (téléphonie mobile à haut débit, Internet des objets, conduite automatique, télémédecine, etc.). La 5G peut être déployée de plusieurs manières différentes, relatives aux bandes de fréquences et à son infrastructure (mode «stand alone» et «non stand alone»). Le «refarming», par exemple, consiste à utiliser, pour la 5G, une bande de fréquences allouée à la 4G. Cette réallocation permet donc d’émettre de la 5G avec des antennes conventionnelles.Le partage dynamique du spectre fréquentiel -Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS)-, quant à lui, permet d’émettre simultanément de la 4G et de la 5G dans une même bande de fréquences.L’agrégation de porteuses consiste à utiliser, de manière adaptative et dynamique, plusieurs bandes de fréquences, ce qui permet d’accroître le débit en fonction des bandes disponibles.},
note = {Rapport d’expertise collective - Saisine n° 2019-SA-0006},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
La 5G est la norme technique de téléphonie mobile de 5e génération et, à ce titre, elle succède à la 4G et peut être utilisée en complément de la 2G, de la 3G et de la 4G. Les principales caractéristiques de cette technologie ont été décrites dans le rapport préliminaire publié par l’Anses en janvier 2020 (Anses, 2020). La norme 5G est plus particulièrement ouverte et flexible, tant au niveau de la configuration que des usages (téléphonie mobile à haut débit, Internet des objets, conduite automatique, télémédecine, etc.). La 5G peut être déployée de plusieurs manières différentes, relatives aux bandes de fréquences et à son infrastructure (mode «stand alone» et «non stand alone»). Le «refarming», par exemple, consiste à utiliser, pour la 5G, une bande de fréquences allouée à la 4G. Cette réallocation permet donc d’émettre de la 5G avec des antennes conventionnelles.Le partage dynamique du spectre fréquentiel -Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS)-, quant à lui, permet d’émettre simultanément de la 4G et de la 5G dans une même bande de fréquences.L’agrégation de porteuses consiste à utiliser, de manière adaptative et dynamique, plusieurs bandes de fréquences, ce qui permet d’accroître le débit en fonction des bandes disponibles.
2020
Journal Articles
19.
Gauld, Christophe; Franchi, Jean-Arthur M.
Analyse en réseau par fouille de données textuelles systématique du concept de psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision Journal Article
In: L'Encéphale, 2020, ISSN: 0013-7006.
@article{Gaulda2020,
title = {Analyse en réseau par fouille de données textuelles systématique du concept de psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision},
author = {Christophe Gauld and Jean-Arthur M. Franchi},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013700620302360},
doi = { https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2020.08.008},
issn = {0013-7006},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-11-12},
urldate = {2020-11-12},
journal = {L'Encéphale},
abstract = {Objectifs. – La médecine personnalisée et de précision nécessite une clarification des concepts qui y sont rattachés. À notre connaissance, il n’existe pas d’exploration systématique de la littérature portant sur les dimensions et les concepts de la psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision et sur leurs usages dans les domaines neuroscientifiques et génétiques. Cet article propose donc d’explorer les dimensions et les concepts de la psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision.
Méthodes. – Une analyse en réseau par fouille de données textuelles systématique issue d’une revue exhaustive de la littérature internationale autour des termes de “precision psychiatry” et de “personalized psychiatry” a été réalisée. Cette fouille de données textuelles a été représentée sous forme d’un réseau permettant d’analyser les dimensions et les concepts de la psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision. Résultats. – La psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision renvoie à six dimensions retrouvées au sein de l’analyse du réseau textuel. Ces six dimensions correspondent aux domaines scientifiques qui étu- dient la psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision, à savoir : la génétique, la pharmacogénétique, les approches computationnelles, le raffinement des essais thérapeutiques, les biomarqueurs et la stadifica- tion. L’analyse des termes renvoie à un ensemble de concepts hétérogènes.
Conclusions. – L’hétérogénéité retrouvée dans la littérature sur la psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision peut témoigner d’un manque d’un cadre théorique pluraliste et intégratif. Ce cadre de travail pourrait être basé sur un formalisme naturalisant mais non réducteur, conscient des enjeux sociétaux des sciences et de leur implémentation dans les dispositifs de recherche et cliniques de la psychiatrie.
Objectives
The current challenges of psychiatric nosology and semiology are part of an interdisciplinary and integrative framework. The paradigm of the personalized and precision psychiatry proposes to study this discipline according to new approaches and methodologies. Personalized and precision psychiatry therefore requires clarification of its concepts. To our knowledge, there is no systematic exploration of the literature on the application of the concepts of personalized and precision medicine in the field of psychiatry. This article proposes thus to explore the framework of personalized and precision medicine applied to psychiatry.
Methods
We explored the framework of personalized and precision medicine applied to psychiatry by a textual network analysis. Firstly, we performed a systematic text-mining (Natural Language Processing) from an exhaustive review of the international literature with the terms “precision psychiatry” and “personalized psychiatry”. Secondly, this analysis of textual data allowed us to build a textual network which made it possible to visualize the most proximal terms (the most frequently associated in the literature). Finally, we extracted from the network the main dimensions explored in the scientific literature, and we studied the relative importance of each term by analyzing the network centrality. In addition, a brief bibliometric analysis was conducted.
Results
We show that personalized and precision psychiatry refers to six dimensions found in the textual network analysis which correspond to the scientific fields which study personalized and precision psychiatry: genetics, pharmacogenetics, artificial intelligence, therapeutic trials, biomarkers and staging. We explore how each dimension relates to the mechanization of psychiatric disorders. However, precision and personalized psychiatry, which tries to refine the levels of mechanistic explanations for psychiatry, suffers from a conceptual heterogeneity. Indeed, textual analysis also allows us to find terms referring to a set of heterogeneous concepts. Many methodological fields and epistemological concepts are invoked in this literature, without standardization.
Conclusions
The paradox of personalized and precision psychiatry is to associate a strong conceptual heterogeneity with a well-defined mechanistic component. Heterogeneity found in literature on personalized and precision psychiatry testifies to the lack of a pluralist and integrative theoretical framework. This framework could be based on a naturalizing but non-reducing formalism, aware of the societal challenges of the sciences and their implementation in the research and clinical systems of psychiatry.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Objectifs. – La médecine personnalisée et de précision nécessite une clarification des concepts qui y sont rattachés. À notre connaissance, il n’existe pas d’exploration systématique de la littérature portant sur les dimensions et les concepts de la psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision et sur leurs usages dans les domaines neuroscientifiques et génétiques. Cet article propose donc d’explorer les dimensions et les concepts de la psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision.
Méthodes. – Une analyse en réseau par fouille de données textuelles systématique issue d’une revue exhaustive de la littérature internationale autour des termes de “precision psychiatry” et de “personalized psychiatry” a été réalisée. Cette fouille de données textuelles a été représentée sous forme d’un réseau permettant d’analyser les dimensions et les concepts de la psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision. Résultats. – La psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision renvoie à six dimensions retrouvées au sein de l’analyse du réseau textuel. Ces six dimensions correspondent aux domaines scientifiques qui étu- dient la psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision, à savoir : la génétique, la pharmacogénétique, les approches computationnelles, le raffinement des essais thérapeutiques, les biomarqueurs et la stadifica- tion. L’analyse des termes renvoie à un ensemble de concepts hétérogènes.
Conclusions. – L’hétérogénéité retrouvée dans la littérature sur la psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision peut témoigner d’un manque d’un cadre théorique pluraliste et intégratif. Ce cadre de travail pourrait être basé sur un formalisme naturalisant mais non réducteur, conscient des enjeux sociétaux des sciences et de leur implémentation dans les dispositifs de recherche et cliniques de la psychiatrie.
Objectives
The current challenges of psychiatric nosology and semiology are part of an interdisciplinary and integrative framework. The paradigm of the personalized and precision psychiatry proposes to study this discipline according to new approaches and methodologies. Personalized and precision psychiatry therefore requires clarification of its concepts. To our knowledge, there is no systematic exploration of the literature on the application of the concepts of personalized and precision medicine in the field of psychiatry. This article proposes thus to explore the framework of personalized and precision medicine applied to psychiatry.
Methods
We explored the framework of personalized and precision medicine applied to psychiatry by a textual network analysis. Firstly, we performed a systematic text-mining (Natural Language Processing) from an exhaustive review of the international literature with the terms “precision psychiatry” and “personalized psychiatry”. Secondly, this analysis of textual data allowed us to build a textual network which made it possible to visualize the most proximal terms (the most frequently associated in the literature). Finally, we extracted from the network the main dimensions explored in the scientific literature, and we studied the relative importance of each term by analyzing the network centrality. In addition, a brief bibliometric analysis was conducted.
Results
We show that personalized and precision psychiatry refers to six dimensions found in the textual network analysis which correspond to the scientific fields which study personalized and precision psychiatry: genetics, pharmacogenetics, artificial intelligence, therapeutic trials, biomarkers and staging. We explore how each dimension relates to the mechanization of psychiatric disorders. However, precision and personalized psychiatry, which tries to refine the levels of mechanistic explanations for psychiatry, suffers from a conceptual heterogeneity. Indeed, textual analysis also allows us to find terms referring to a set of heterogeneous concepts. Many methodological fields and epistemological concepts are invoked in this literature, without standardization.
Conclusions
The paradox of personalized and precision psychiatry is to associate a strong conceptual heterogeneity with a well-defined mechanistic component. Heterogeneity found in literature on personalized and precision psychiatry testifies to the lack of a pluralist and integrative theoretical framework. This framework could be based on a naturalizing but non-reducing formalism, aware of the societal challenges of the sciences and their implementation in the research and clinical systems of psychiatry.
Méthodes. – Une analyse en réseau par fouille de données textuelles systématique issue d’une revue exhaustive de la littérature internationale autour des termes de “precision psychiatry” et de “personalized psychiatry” a été réalisée. Cette fouille de données textuelles a été représentée sous forme d’un réseau permettant d’analyser les dimensions et les concepts de la psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision. Résultats. – La psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision renvoie à six dimensions retrouvées au sein de l’analyse du réseau textuel. Ces six dimensions correspondent aux domaines scientifiques qui étu- dient la psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision, à savoir : la génétique, la pharmacogénétique, les approches computationnelles, le raffinement des essais thérapeutiques, les biomarqueurs et la stadifica- tion. L’analyse des termes renvoie à un ensemble de concepts hétérogènes.
Conclusions. – L’hétérogénéité retrouvée dans la littérature sur la psychiatrie personnalisée et de précision peut témoigner d’un manque d’un cadre théorique pluraliste et intégratif. Ce cadre de travail pourrait être basé sur un formalisme naturalisant mais non réducteur, conscient des enjeux sociétaux des sciences et de leur implémentation dans les dispositifs de recherche et cliniques de la psychiatrie.
Objectives
The current challenges of psychiatric nosology and semiology are part of an interdisciplinary and integrative framework. The paradigm of the personalized and precision psychiatry proposes to study this discipline according to new approaches and methodologies. Personalized and precision psychiatry therefore requires clarification of its concepts. To our knowledge, there is no systematic exploration of the literature on the application of the concepts of personalized and precision medicine in the field of psychiatry. This article proposes thus to explore the framework of personalized and precision medicine applied to psychiatry.
Methods
We explored the framework of personalized and precision medicine applied to psychiatry by a textual network analysis. Firstly, we performed a systematic text-mining (Natural Language Processing) from an exhaustive review of the international literature with the terms “precision psychiatry” and “personalized psychiatry”. Secondly, this analysis of textual data allowed us to build a textual network which made it possible to visualize the most proximal terms (the most frequently associated in the literature). Finally, we extracted from the network the main dimensions explored in the scientific literature, and we studied the relative importance of each term by analyzing the network centrality. In addition, a brief bibliometric analysis was conducted.
Results
We show that personalized and precision psychiatry refers to six dimensions found in the textual network analysis which correspond to the scientific fields which study personalized and precision psychiatry: genetics, pharmacogenetics, artificial intelligence, therapeutic trials, biomarkers and staging. We explore how each dimension relates to the mechanization of psychiatric disorders. However, precision and personalized psychiatry, which tries to refine the levels of mechanistic explanations for psychiatry, suffers from a conceptual heterogeneity. Indeed, textual analysis also allows us to find terms referring to a set of heterogeneous concepts. Many methodological fields and epistemological concepts are invoked in this literature, without standardization.
Conclusions
The paradox of personalized and precision psychiatry is to associate a strong conceptual heterogeneity with a well-defined mechanistic component. Heterogeneity found in literature on personalized and precision psychiatry testifies to the lack of a pluralist and integrative theoretical framework. This framework could be based on a naturalizing but non-reducing formalism, aware of the societal challenges of the sciences and their implementation in the research and clinical systems of psychiatry.
20.
Malanski, Priscila Duarte; Dedieu, Benoît; de Alencar Schiavi, Sandra Mara
Mapping the research domains on work in agriculture. A bibliometric review from Scopus database Journal Article
In: Journal of Rural Studies, 2020, ISSN: 0743-0167.
@article{Malanski2020b,
title = {Mapping the research domains on work in agriculture. A bibliometric review from Scopus database},
author = {Priscila Duarte Malanski and Benoît Dedieu and Sandra Mara de Alencar Schiavi},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0743016720311864},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.10.050},
issn = {0743-0167},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-10-27},
urldate = {2020-10-27},
journal = {Journal of Rural Studies},
abstract = {Near to half of world population lives in rural areas, and agriculture is responsible for 28% of global employment. Structural changes in agriculture impacting labor and the low attractivity of employment and working conditions in this sector are the major issues for the permanence and renewal of the rural workforce. Promoting decent work is essential to reach sustainable development. According to the ILO definition, decent work involves a wide range of conditions linked between them that include and go beyond farming work (e.g. gender equity, workplace security, fair income, among others). This complex situation requires for scientists the analysis of the diverse topics, as well as the development of interdisciplinary approaches to deal with this diversity. A review of the scientific literature is necessary to summarize the knowledge that has been produced and identify the current trends related to work in agriculture. In order to provide a background in this topic, the aim of this study was to review the state of the international literature related to work in agriculture, through a bibliometric analysis of scientific articles indexed in Scopus bibliographical database. Our findings show that USA, UK, France and China are the leaders in the scientific landscape according to: geographical production of knowledge, main journals and authors, and most-cited articles. The analysis of work in agriculture is declined in five main research domains: 1) social issues in rural areas; 2) labor market; 3) household strategies of labor allocation, 4) work organization in livestock farms; and 5) occupational health in farms. These research domains are investigated by four main scientific communities that prevail in the international literature: 1) agricultural economics; 2) ergonomics; 3) social issues for rural development; and 5) livestock farming systems. Besides those mainstream research, three major research trends emerged: 1) migration and precarious employment condition; 2) work issues in advisory services; and 3) labor governance in global value chains. These trends reflect ongoing transformations in agriculture that are important to think about the future of the work in this sector and its impacts on sustainable development. We show for the first time the characteristics of the main scientific communities that have performed the most relevant research indexed in Scopus database related to work in agriculture over the past 10 years. This review offers an overview in an interdisciplinary topic, and provides a benchmark for future cutting-edge research. The ILO definition of decent work can be a guideline for focus and deepen specific topics, since our findings indicate that several of them are linked to work-related issues in agriculture, which could support sustainable development on this sector.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Near to half of world population lives in rural areas, and agriculture is responsible for 28% of global employment. Structural changes in agriculture impacting labor and the low attractivity of employment and working conditions in this sector are the major issues for the permanence and renewal of the rural workforce. Promoting decent work is essential to reach sustainable development. According to the ILO definition, decent work involves a wide range of conditions linked between them that include and go beyond farming work (e.g. gender equity, workplace security, fair income, among others). This complex situation requires for scientists the analysis of the diverse topics, as well as the development of interdisciplinary approaches to deal with this diversity. A review of the scientific literature is necessary to summarize the knowledge that has been produced and identify the current trends related to work in agriculture. In order to provide a background in this topic, the aim of this study was to review the state of the international literature related to work in agriculture, through a bibliometric analysis of scientific articles indexed in Scopus bibliographical database. Our findings show that USA, UK, France and China are the leaders in the scientific landscape according to: geographical production of knowledge, main journals and authors, and most-cited articles. The analysis of work in agriculture is declined in five main research domains: 1) social issues in rural areas; 2) labor market; 3) household strategies of labor allocation, 4) work organization in livestock farms; and 5) occupational health in farms. These research domains are investigated by four main scientific communities that prevail in the international literature: 1) agricultural economics; 2) ergonomics; 3) social issues for rural development; and 5) livestock farming systems. Besides those mainstream research, three major research trends emerged: 1) migration and precarious employment condition; 2) work issues in advisory services; and 3) labor governance in global value chains. These trends reflect ongoing transformations in agriculture that are important to think about the future of the work in this sector and its impacts on sustainable development. We show for the first time the characteristics of the main scientific communities that have performed the most relevant research indexed in Scopus database related to work in agriculture over the past 10 years. This review offers an overview in an interdisciplinary topic, and provides a benchmark for future cutting-edge research. The ILO definition of decent work can be a guideline for focus and deepen specific topics, since our findings indicate that several of them are linked to work-related issues in agriculture, which could support sustainable development on this sector.
21.
Omena, Janna Joceli; Rabello, Elaine Teixeira; Mintz, André Goes
Digital Methods for Hashtag Engagement Research Journal Article
In: Social Media + Society, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 2056305120940697, 2020.
@article{Omena2020,
title = {Digital Methods for Hashtag Engagement Research},
author = {Janna Joceli Omena and Elaine Teixeira Rabello and André Goes Mintz},
url = {https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2056305120940697},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305120940697},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-09-03},
urldate = {2020-09-03},
journal = {Social Media + Society},
volume = {6},
number = {3},
pages = {2056305120940697},
abstract = {This article seeks to contribute to the field of digital research by critically accounting for the relationship between hashtags and their forms of grammatization—the platform techno-materialization process of online activity. We approach hashtags as sociotechnical formations that serve social media research not only as criteria in corpus selection but also displaying the complexity of the online engagement and its entanglement with the technicity of web platforms. Therefore, the study of hashtag engagement requires a grasping of the functioning of the platform itself (technicity) along with the platform grammatization. In this respect, we propose the three-layered (3L) perspective for addressing hashtag engagement. The first contemplates potential differences between high-visibility and ordinary hashtag usage culture, its related actors, and content. The second focuses on hashtagging activity and the repurposing of how hashtags can be differently embedded into social media databases. The last layer looks particularly into the images and texts to which hashtags are brought to relation. To operationalize the 3L framework, we draw on the case of the “impeachment-cum-coup” of Brazilian president Dilma Rousseff. When cross-read, the three layers add value to one another, providing also difference visions of the high-visibility and ordinary groups.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article seeks to contribute to the field of digital research by critically accounting for the relationship between hashtags and their forms of grammatization—the platform techno-materialization process of online activity. We approach hashtags as sociotechnical formations that serve social media research not only as criteria in corpus selection but also displaying the complexity of the online engagement and its entanglement with the technicity of web platforms. Therefore, the study of hashtag engagement requires a grasping of the functioning of the platform itself (technicity) along with the platform grammatization. In this respect, we propose the three-layered (3L) perspective for addressing hashtag engagement. The first contemplates potential differences between high-visibility and ordinary hashtag usage culture, its related actors, and content. The second focuses on hashtagging activity and the repurposing of how hashtags can be differently embedded into social media databases. The last layer looks particularly into the images and texts to which hashtags are brought to relation. To operationalize the 3L framework, we draw on the case of the “impeachment-cum-coup” of Brazilian president Dilma Rousseff. When cross-read, the three layers add value to one another, providing also difference visions of the high-visibility and ordinary groups.
22.
Rikap, Cecilia
Amazon: A story of accumulation through intellectual rentiership and predation Journal Article
In: Competition & Change, 2020.
@article{Rikap2020,
title = {Amazon: A story of accumulation through intellectual rentiership and predation },
author = {Cecilia Rikap},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1024529420932418},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-06-17},
journal = {Competition & Change},
abstract = {This article elaborates on intellectual monopoly theory as a form of predation and rentiership using Amazon as a case study. By analysing Amazon’s financial statements, scientific publications and patents, we show that Amazon’s economic power heavily relies on its systematic innovations and capacity to centralize and analyse customized data that orients its business and innovations. We demonstrate how Amazon’s innovation activities have evolved over time with growing importance of technologies related to data and machine learning. We also map Amazon’s innovation networks with academic institutions and companies. We show how Amazon appropriates intellectual rents from these networks and from technological cooperation with other intellectual monopolies. We argue that Amazon, as other data-driven monopolies, predates value from suppliers and third-party companies participating in its platform. One striking characteristic of Amazon is the low rate of reported profits. The centrality of innovations leads us to suggest an alternative calculation that shows that Amazon’s profits are not as low as they appear in Annual Reports. We also argue that lower profits are coherent with Amazon’s rentiership and predatory strategy since they contribute to the avoidance of accusations of excessive market power. Finally, the paper offers preliminary observations on: (i) the complementarities between financial and intellectual rentierism and (ii) how data-driven intellectual monopoly expands big corporations’ political power. Going beyond the specific case of Amazon, we thus contribute to a better understanding of the role of lead firms and power dynamics within innovation networks.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article elaborates on intellectual monopoly theory as a form of predation and rentiership using Amazon as a case study. By analysing Amazon’s financial statements, scientific publications and patents, we show that Amazon’s economic power heavily relies on its systematic innovations and capacity to centralize and analyse customized data that orients its business and innovations. We demonstrate how Amazon’s innovation activities have evolved over time with growing importance of technologies related to data and machine learning. We also map Amazon’s innovation networks with academic institutions and companies. We show how Amazon appropriates intellectual rents from these networks and from technological cooperation with other intellectual monopolies. We argue that Amazon, as other data-driven monopolies, predates value from suppliers and third-party companies participating in its platform. One striking characteristic of Amazon is the low rate of reported profits. The centrality of innovations leads us to suggest an alternative calculation that shows that Amazon’s profits are not as low as they appear in Annual Reports. We also argue that lower profits are coherent with Amazon’s rentiership and predatory strategy since they contribute to the avoidance of accusations of excessive market power. Finally, the paper offers preliminary observations on: (i) the complementarities between financial and intellectual rentierism and (ii) how data-driven intellectual monopoly expands big corporations’ political power. Going beyond the specific case of Amazon, we thus contribute to a better understanding of the role of lead firms and power dynamics within innovation networks.
Proceedings Articles
23.
Malanski, Priscila Duarte; Dedieu, Benoît; de Souza, Mariana Augusta; de Alencar Schiavi, Sandra Mara
Labor studies in agricultural value chains: a scientometric analysis from scopus Proceedings Article
In: SOBER 2020, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, 2020.
@inproceedings{Malanski2020,
title = {Labor studies in agricultural value chains: a scientometric analysis from scopus},
author = {Priscila Duarte Malanski and Benoît Dedieu and Mariana Augusta de Souza and Sandra Mara de Alencar Schiavi
},
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343345088},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-10-01},
urldate = {2020-10-01},
booktitle = {SOBER 2020},
address = {Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil},
abstract = {Agricultural value chains are important to create rural employment. According to FAO, employment opportunities, increasing wages and high-job quality are crucial labor-related conditions to value chains sustainability. However, there is a gap in the literature gathering the specific contribution of value chains approaches to discussions on labor in agriculture. Our aim was to review the state of the international literature on labor in agricultural value chains. A scientometric analysis of the articles indexed in Scopus were performed. The main results were: 1) labor in agricultural value chains is a relative new scientific community lead by research developed by UK, USA, Germany and Kenya; 2) the reference authors, journals, institutions and articles were characterized; 3) the hotspots changed over the past 20 years; 4) researches are structured in six main research domains. Our scientometric review provides an overview about the main characteristics of a new rising scientific community focused in labor in agricultural value chain, as well as a synthesis of knowledge produced to support scientific innovation in this field. Regarding agriculture value chains agents, our results advance the importance of governance to improve employment relations and working conditions in farms in order to promote chain sustainability.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Agricultural value chains are important to create rural employment. According to FAO, employment opportunities, increasing wages and high-job quality are crucial labor-related conditions to value chains sustainability. However, there is a gap in the literature gathering the specific contribution of value chains approaches to discussions on labor in agriculture. Our aim was to review the state of the international literature on labor in agricultural value chains. A scientometric analysis of the articles indexed in Scopus were performed. The main results were: 1) labor in agricultural value chains is a relative new scientific community lead by research developed by UK, USA, Germany and Kenya; 2) the reference authors, journals, institutions and articles were characterized; 3) the hotspots changed over the past 20 years; 4) researches are structured in six main research domains. Our scientometric review provides an overview about the main characteristics of a new rising scientific community focused in labor in agricultural value chain, as well as a synthesis of knowledge produced to support scientific innovation in this field. Regarding agriculture value chains agents, our results advance the importance of governance to improve employment relations and working conditions in farms in order to promote chain sustainability.
2019
Journal Articles
24.
de Macedo, Laureano S. Ascensão
Arquivos deslocados: mapeamento de literatura Journal Article
In: Brazilian Journal of Information Science, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 5-34, 2019, ISSN: 1981-1640.
@article{deMacedo2019,
title = {Arquivos deslocados: mapeamento de literatura},
author = {Laureano S. Ascensão de Macedo},
url = {https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=7212071
https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/7212071.pdf},
issn = {1981-1640},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-08-01},
journal = {Brazilian Journal of Information Science},
volume = {13},
number = {4},
pages = {5-34},
abstract = {Este artigo consiste num mapeamento de literatura em torno do tópico "arquivos deslocados". Um dos problemas verificados consiste na ausência de um quadro conceptual claro, por a terminografia arquivística apresentar diversos termos para denominar um mesmo fenómeno. O objetivo deste artigo consiste em realizar uma prospeção e síntese de literatura em torno das caraterísticas, dimensão e contexto de utilização dos conceitos utilizados. Foram realizadas buscas na base de dados Web of Science (WoS), tendo como critérios de inclusão termos extraídos da terminologia arquivística em inglês e artigos científicos publicados entre 1953 a 2018 em revistas analisadas por pares. Metodologicamente, o artigo combina o mapeamento de literatura com uma revisão de escopo. Dos 160 artigos, foram incluídos 70, produzidos entre 1962 a 2018. Predominam temas associados com a descolonização e secessão, conflito armado e tráfico ilícito, tanto em contexto internacional como intranacional. Prevalecem estudos qualitativos, especialmente análises históricas e estudos de caso. Novos conceitos aparecem, como arquivos coloniais, arquivos confiscados e arquivos expatriados, não considerados pela terminografia arquivística. Para concluir, o conceito de "arquivo deslocado" permanece invisível junto da comunidade arquivística, especialmente lusófona, da qual não se obteve qualquer produção científica sobre o tópico.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Este artigo consiste num mapeamento de literatura em torno do tópico "arquivos deslocados". Um dos problemas verificados consiste na ausência de um quadro conceptual claro, por a terminografia arquivística apresentar diversos termos para denominar um mesmo fenómeno. O objetivo deste artigo consiste em realizar uma prospeção e síntese de literatura em torno das caraterísticas, dimensão e contexto de utilização dos conceitos utilizados. Foram realizadas buscas na base de dados Web of Science (WoS), tendo como critérios de inclusão termos extraídos da terminologia arquivística em inglês e artigos científicos publicados entre 1953 a 2018 em revistas analisadas por pares. Metodologicamente, o artigo combina o mapeamento de literatura com uma revisão de escopo. Dos 160 artigos, foram incluídos 70, produzidos entre 1962 a 2018. Predominam temas associados com a descolonização e secessão, conflito armado e tráfico ilícito, tanto em contexto internacional como intranacional. Prevalecem estudos qualitativos, especialmente análises históricas e estudos de caso. Novos conceitos aparecem, como arquivos coloniais, arquivos confiscados e arquivos expatriados, não considerados pela terminografia arquivística. Para concluir, o conceito de "arquivo deslocado" permanece invisível junto da comunidade arquivística, especialmente lusófona, da qual não se obteve qualquer produção científica sobre o tópico.
25.
Malanski, Priscila Duarte; de Alencar Schiavi, Sandra Mara; Dedieu, Benoît
Characteristics of “work in agriculture” scientific communities. A bibliometric review Journal Article
In: Agronomy for Sustainable Development, vol. 39, no. 36, 2019.
@article{Malanski2019b,
title = {Characteristics of “work in agriculture” scientific communities. A bibliometric review},
author = {Priscila Duarte Malanski and Sandra Mara de Alencar Schiavi and Benoît Dedieu },
url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13593-019-0582-2},
doi = {10.1007/s13593-019-0582-2},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-19},
urldate = {2019-06-19},
journal = {Agronomy for Sustainable Development},
volume = {39},
number = {36},
abstract = {Work is a central concern for sustainable farming systems and rural communities, especially regarding specific issues of the agricultural sector, as the strong decrease in rural employment and the less attractive working conditions. Many articles covering diverse related topics have been published. However, the few studies analyzing the state of worldwide scientific research on work in agriculture give only a fragmented view, since they focus on specialized topics and disciplines. To fill this knowledge gap, the aim of this study was to review the state of research on work in agriculture addressed by the scientific literature, through a bibliometric analysis by country, institution, journal, author, and keywords. Our main finds are that (1) work in agriculture issues is divided into six main research domains: occupational health and safety, labor market and rural employment, labor and farm sustainability, work organization, agricultural policy and agrarian changes, and labor and family farms; (2) these research domains are analyzed by five scientific communities: ergonomics, agricultural economics, livestock farming systems, rural sociology, and agricultural policy; (3) the reference authors, most-cited articles, and main journals were identified for each scientific community; (4) USA, France, and China arise as leaders in the scientific landscape. We show for the first time the characteristics of the main scientific communities worldwide that have performed the most relevant research related to work in agriculture over the past 10 years. This review provides a benchmark for future research on agricultural work-related topics and encourages collaborations between researchers from different scientific communities for interdisciplinary innovation, which support sustainable working conditions in agriculture.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Work is a central concern for sustainable farming systems and rural communities, especially regarding specific issues of the agricultural sector, as the strong decrease in rural employment and the less attractive working conditions. Many articles covering diverse related topics have been published. However, the few studies analyzing the state of worldwide scientific research on work in agriculture give only a fragmented view, since they focus on specialized topics and disciplines. To fill this knowledge gap, the aim of this study was to review the state of research on work in agriculture addressed by the scientific literature, through a bibliometric analysis by country, institution, journal, author, and keywords. Our main finds are that (1) work in agriculture issues is divided into six main research domains: occupational health and safety, labor market and rural employment, labor and farm sustainability, work organization, agricultural policy and agrarian changes, and labor and family farms; (2) these research domains are analyzed by five scientific communities: ergonomics, agricultural economics, livestock farming systems, rural sociology, and agricultural policy; (3) the reference authors, most-cited articles, and main journals were identified for each scientific community; (4) USA, France, and China arise as leaders in the scientific landscape. We show for the first time the characteristics of the main scientific communities worldwide that have performed the most relevant research related to work in agriculture over the past 10 years. This review provides a benchmark for future research on agricultural work-related topics and encourages collaborations between researchers from different scientific communities for interdisciplinary innovation, which support sustainable working conditions in agriculture.
26.
Noël, Marianne
In: Annals of the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi, vol. Volume LIII 1 - 2019, pp. 141-180, 2019, ISSN: 2532-4969, (Annals of the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi : an Interdisciplinary Journal of Economics, History and Political Science).
@article{Noël2019,
title = {'Made in Europe for the World': Making a Claim for a European Chemistry in Publication Programs. The Case of the Supramolecular Chemistry (1987-2005)},
author = {Marianne Noël},
url = {http://www.annalsfondazioneluigieinaudi.it/en/browse/current-issue/6-volume-liii-1/87-made-in-europe-for-the-world-making-a-claim-for-a-european-chemistry-in-publication-programs.-the-case-of-the-supramolecular-chemistry-1987-2005
https://www.torrossa.com/en/resources/an/4546060#page=149},
doi = {10.26331/1075},
issn = {2532-4969},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-01},
urldate = {2019-06-01},
journal = {Annals of the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi},
volume = {Volume LIII 1 - 2019},
pages = {141-180},
abstract = {The University of Strasbourg is the birthplace of a research specialty (supramolecular chemistry or SMC) which has grown considerably in the last 40 years and has had a significant scientific impact. The emergence of SMC was orchestrated to a large extent by Nobel laureate Jean-Marie Lehn, but a network of scientists, as well as the University and the Alsace Region, were also key players in this regard. Lehn was instrumental in the creation of a series of European chemistry journals in the late 1990s, whose genealogy I trace. My purpose is to examine the conditions of the success of a case of European integration that is not a major technological program but simply a “publication infrastructure”. Based on an historical analysis completed with a fieldwork study, I argue that the circulation and appropriation of concepts and languages of the SMC were central in the development of a European “publication program”. I show that this program created a sense of Europeanness that was also shaped in relation to the extra-European world, both in opposition (standing against the USA) and yet open to the world, as illustrated in the motto “Made in Europe for the world”.},
note = {Annals of the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi : an Interdisciplinary Journal of Economics, History and Political Science},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The University of Strasbourg is the birthplace of a research specialty (supramolecular chemistry or SMC) which has grown considerably in the last 40 years and has had a significant scientific impact. The emergence of SMC was orchestrated to a large extent by Nobel laureate Jean-Marie Lehn, but a network of scientists, as well as the University and the Alsace Region, were also key players in this regard. Lehn was instrumental in the creation of a series of European chemistry journals in the late 1990s, whose genealogy I trace. My purpose is to examine the conditions of the success of a case of European integration that is not a major technological program but simply a “publication infrastructure”. Based on an historical analysis completed with a fieldwork study, I argue that the circulation and appropriation of concepts and languages of the SMC were central in the development of a European “publication program”. I show that this program created a sense of Europeanness that was also shaped in relation to the extra-European world, both in opposition (standing against the USA) and yet open to the world, as illustrated in the motto “Made in Europe for the world”.
Masters Theses
27.
Morales, Manuel
Industrial symbiosis, a model of strong sustainability : an analysis of two case studies, Tampico and Dunkirk Masters Thesis
Université Clermont Auvergne, 2019, (HAL Id : tel-02639298 , version 1).
@mastersthesis{Morales2019,
title = {Industrial symbiosis, a model of strong sustainability : an analysis of two case studies, Tampico and Dunkirk},
author = {Manuel Morales},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-21},
school = {Université Clermont Auvergne},
abstract = {Industrial symbiosis (IS) is presented as an inter-firm organizational strategy with the aim of social innovation that targets material and energy flow optimization, but also structural sustainability. In this study, we present systems thinking and geographical proximity as the theoretical framework used to analyze industrial symbiosis through a methodology based on System Dynamics and the underpinning use of Causal Loop Diagrams, aiming to identify the main drivers and hindrances that reinforce or balance the industrial symbiosis’s sustainability. The understanding of industrial symbiosis is embedded in a theoretical framework that conceptualizes industry as a complex ecosystem in which qualitative and quantitative approaches can be integrated, if we use a methodology flexible enough to encompass the complexity of the stakeholder’s values and motivations in the same analysis. Furthermore, the methodology performs a comparative strength over descriptive statistical forecasting, because it is able to integrate social causal rationality when estimating attractiveness in a region or individual firm’s potential. The stakeholders’ influence becomes essential to the complex understanding of this institution, because by shaping individual behavior in a social context, industrial symbiosis provides a degree of cooperation in order to overcome social dilemmas for actors like the tension between efficiency/resilience, who cannot be achieved by their own. The proposed narrative encourages us to draw up scenarios, integrating variables from different motivational value in the industrial symbiosis. We use the Altamira and the Dunkirk case studies to explain the role of geographical systems analysis, identifying loops that reinforce or regulate the sustainability of industrial symbiosis, and three drivers: “Efficiency/Resilience dilemma”, “Industrial symbiosis governance”, and “The role of global recycling networks in the by-product valorization”. The social dimension integration in the analysis of a complex system is indeed applied to enhance the understanding of IS dynamics, but a great potential is foreseen for other micro-level social systems like for example urban metabolism dynamics or bio-economy. },
note = {HAL Id : tel-02639298 , version 1},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {mastersthesis}
}
Industrial symbiosis (IS) is presented as an inter-firm organizational strategy with the aim of social innovation that targets material and energy flow optimization, but also structural sustainability. In this study, we present systems thinking and geographical proximity as the theoretical framework used to analyze industrial symbiosis through a methodology based on System Dynamics and the underpinning use of Causal Loop Diagrams, aiming to identify the main drivers and hindrances that reinforce or balance the industrial symbiosis’s sustainability. The understanding of industrial symbiosis is embedded in a theoretical framework that conceptualizes industry as a complex ecosystem in which qualitative and quantitative approaches can be integrated, if we use a methodology flexible enough to encompass the complexity of the stakeholder’s values and motivations in the same analysis. Furthermore, the methodology performs a comparative strength over descriptive statistical forecasting, because it is able to integrate social causal rationality when estimating attractiveness in a region or individual firm’s potential. The stakeholders’ influence becomes essential to the complex understanding of this institution, because by shaping individual behavior in a social context, industrial symbiosis provides a degree of cooperation in order to overcome social dilemmas for actors like the tension between efficiency/resilience, who cannot be achieved by their own. The proposed narrative encourages us to draw up scenarios, integrating variables from different motivational value in the industrial symbiosis. We use the Altamira and the Dunkirk case studies to explain the role of geographical systems analysis, identifying loops that reinforce or regulate the sustainability of industrial symbiosis, and three drivers: “Efficiency/Resilience dilemma”, “Industrial symbiosis governance”, and “The role of global recycling networks in the by-product valorization”. The social dimension integration in the analysis of a complex system is indeed applied to enhance the understanding of IS dynamics, but a great potential is foreseen for other micro-level social systems like for example urban metabolism dynamics or bio-economy.
Online
28.
Helmond, Anne; van der Vlist, Fernando; Weltevrede, Esther; Geiger, Taylor; van Zeeland, Ine; Stefanija, Ana Pop; Ibanez, Fernanda; Wolny, Julia
Medicate or Meditate; the App Store’s Solutions for Anxiety and Stress Online
(DMI), The Digital Methods Initiative (Ed.): 2019, visited: 12.01.2019.
@online{Helmond2019,
title = {Medicate or Meditate; the App Store’s Solutions for Anxiety and Stress},
author = {Anne Helmond and Fernando van der Vlist and Esther Weltevrede and Taylor Geiger and Ine van Zeeland and Ana Pop Stefanija and Fernanda Ibanez and Julia Wolny},
editor = {The Digital Methods Initiative (DMI)},
url = {https://digitalmethods.net/Dmi/SummerSchool2018AppStoresBiasMedicateMeditate},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-12},
urldate = {2019-01-12},
abstract = {The number of mobile health (mHealth) apps is rising in an unprecedented manner, and as the American Psychiatric Association notes: “Psychiatry and mental health are no exception, and there are thousands of apps targeting mental health conditions that are directly available for patients to download and use today.” [1] However, there is very little review or oversight for these apps, and as a consequence, users of these apps can receive incorrect or ineffective advice, while the mental health effects of using the apps are often overstated by their developers.
Smartphones are turning into an epistemological device, we turn to them for solutions. When you detect an issue, you turn to your smartphone to find out more. Nearly half of the queries in Google Play Store are broad searches by topic [2] (rather than specific searches for a particular app), showing that users generally turn to their smartphone app store for relevant solutions to broad issues.
When it comes to regular Google search, according to Noble (2018: 155): “In practice, the higher a web page is ranked, the more it is trusted. Unlike the vetting of journalists and librarians, who are entrusted to fact check and curate information for the public according to professional codes of ethics, the legitimacy of websites’ ranking and credibility is simply taken for granted.” Similar to website search results ranking, users accord a certain degree of authority to relevance rankings in app stores, meaning that the order and ranking presented by app stores confers some sort of recommendation to the apps based on the app store’s search results presentation.
In an attempt to make the app store affordances work for them, app developers engage in app store optimization (ASO), trying to end up highly in an app store's search results. With millions of apps available in the bigger app stores, like Google’s (>3 million apps) and Apple’s (>2 million apps), the possibility of a particular app being found is dropping. Common ASO tactics that developers deploy to improve discoverability among millions of other apps, are focused on finding popular keywords to include in the app’s name and subtitle, its ID, and its description.
The growing number of mental health apps, many of which undoubtedly engage in ASO, raises a number of questions: How is mental health represented in the Google Play Store and the Apple App Store? Which solutions does a smartphone user find for mental health issues in these app stores? How do technologists look at the issue of mental health? Which tactics are developers deploying to rank higher? What solutions do they promise and can they deliver? This study addresses these questions by exploring the sphere of mental health apps in the two biggest app stores, focusing on store-mediated ‘relatedness’ between apps and recommendations in the app stores. We glean how the app search engine and how it is manipulated influence what users will find. Lastly, we gauge what kinds of solutions users are presented with when they search for mental health issues.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
The number of mobile health (mHealth) apps is rising in an unprecedented manner, and as the American Psychiatric Association notes: “Psychiatry and mental health are no exception, and there are thousands of apps targeting mental health conditions that are directly available for patients to download and use today.” [1] However, there is very little review or oversight for these apps, and as a consequence, users of these apps can receive incorrect or ineffective advice, while the mental health effects of using the apps are often overstated by their developers.
Smartphones are turning into an epistemological device, we turn to them for solutions. When you detect an issue, you turn to your smartphone to find out more. Nearly half of the queries in Google Play Store are broad searches by topic [2] (rather than specific searches for a particular app), showing that users generally turn to their smartphone app store for relevant solutions to broad issues.
When it comes to regular Google search, according to Noble (2018: 155): “In practice, the higher a web page is ranked, the more it is trusted. Unlike the vetting of journalists and librarians, who are entrusted to fact check and curate information for the public according to professional codes of ethics, the legitimacy of websites’ ranking and credibility is simply taken for granted.” Similar to website search results ranking, users accord a certain degree of authority to relevance rankings in app stores, meaning that the order and ranking presented by app stores confers some sort of recommendation to the apps based on the app store’s search results presentation.
In an attempt to make the app store affordances work for them, app developers engage in app store optimization (ASO), trying to end up highly in an app store's search results. With millions of apps available in the bigger app stores, like Google’s (>3 million apps) and Apple’s (>2 million apps), the possibility of a particular app being found is dropping. Common ASO tactics that developers deploy to improve discoverability among millions of other apps, are focused on finding popular keywords to include in the app’s name and subtitle, its ID, and its description.
The growing number of mental health apps, many of which undoubtedly engage in ASO, raises a number of questions: How is mental health represented in the Google Play Store and the Apple App Store? Which solutions does a smartphone user find for mental health issues in these app stores? How do technologists look at the issue of mental health? Which tactics are developers deploying to rank higher? What solutions do they promise and can they deliver? This study addresses these questions by exploring the sphere of mental health apps in the two biggest app stores, focusing on store-mediated ‘relatedness’ between apps and recommendations in the app stores. We glean how the app search engine and how it is manipulated influence what users will find. Lastly, we gauge what kinds of solutions users are presented with when they search for mental health issues.
Smartphones are turning into an epistemological device, we turn to them for solutions. When you detect an issue, you turn to your smartphone to find out more. Nearly half of the queries in Google Play Store are broad searches by topic [2] (rather than specific searches for a particular app), showing that users generally turn to their smartphone app store for relevant solutions to broad issues.
When it comes to regular Google search, according to Noble (2018: 155): “In practice, the higher a web page is ranked, the more it is trusted. Unlike the vetting of journalists and librarians, who are entrusted to fact check and curate information for the public according to professional codes of ethics, the legitimacy of websites’ ranking and credibility is simply taken for granted.” Similar to website search results ranking, users accord a certain degree of authority to relevance rankings in app stores, meaning that the order and ranking presented by app stores confers some sort of recommendation to the apps based on the app store’s search results presentation.
In an attempt to make the app store affordances work for them, app developers engage in app store optimization (ASO), trying to end up highly in an app store's search results. With millions of apps available in the bigger app stores, like Google’s (>3 million apps) and Apple’s (>2 million apps), the possibility of a particular app being found is dropping. Common ASO tactics that developers deploy to improve discoverability among millions of other apps, are focused on finding popular keywords to include in the app’s name and subtitle, its ID, and its description.
The growing number of mental health apps, many of which undoubtedly engage in ASO, raises a number of questions: How is mental health represented in the Google Play Store and the Apple App Store? Which solutions does a smartphone user find for mental health issues in these app stores? How do technologists look at the issue of mental health? Which tactics are developers deploying to rank higher? What solutions do they promise and can they deliver? This study addresses these questions by exploring the sphere of mental health apps in the two biggest app stores, focusing on store-mediated ‘relatedness’ between apps and recommendations in the app stores. We glean how the app search engine and how it is manipulated influence what users will find. Lastly, we gauge what kinds of solutions users are presented with when they search for mental health issues.
2018
Journal Articles
29.
Makowski, David
Mapping the Evidence on the Environmental Impacts of Land-Use Change for Non-food Biomass Production Journal Article
In: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol. 30, pp. 227-236, 2018.
@article{Makowski2018,
title = {Mapping the Evidence on the Environmental Impacts of Land-Use Change for Non-food Biomass Production},
author = {David Makowski},
url = {https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02904528
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4.pdf#page=237},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-96289-4_10},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Sustainable Agriculture Reviews},
volume = {30},
pages = {227-236},
abstract = {The environmental impact of land-use change for biomass production is controversial, and it is crucial to provide stakeholders with a reliable description of the existing evidence on this topic. In this paper, we use an emerging research synthesis method called “evidence mapping” to summarize the main characteristics of 241 studies in a graphical user-friendly format. Results showed that most of the reviewed studies were located in Northern and Southern Americas, especially in USA and Brazil. A majority of studies focused on 1G and 2G biofuel, and on electricity production. The impacts on greenhouse gas emission, soil carbon content, soil erosion, water consumption, and water eutrophication were frequently assessed in the selected group of studies. The evidence maps produced in this paper revealed that only few studies were conducted to analyse the environmental impact of Land use change for methane production, for wood production, and for the chemical industry. Only few studies assessed the impact on biodiversity, on air quality, on human health, and on waste induced by land-use changes for biomass production. Our results thus highlight major gaps of knowledge and future research needs on the land-use-mediated implications of the bioeconomy.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The environmental impact of land-use change for biomass production is controversial, and it is crucial to provide stakeholders with a reliable description of the existing evidence on this topic. In this paper, we use an emerging research synthesis method called “evidence mapping” to summarize the main characteristics of 241 studies in a graphical user-friendly format. Results showed that most of the reviewed studies were located in Northern and Southern Americas, especially in USA and Brazil. A majority of studies focused on 1G and 2G biofuel, and on electricity production. The impacts on greenhouse gas emission, soil carbon content, soil erosion, water consumption, and water eutrophication were frequently assessed in the selected group of studies. The evidence maps produced in this paper revealed that only few studies were conducted to analyse the environmental impact of Land use change for methane production, for wood production, and for the chemical industry. Only few studies assessed the impact on biodiversity, on air quality, on human health, and on waste induced by land-use changes for biomass production. Our results thus highlight major gaps of knowledge and future research needs on the land-use-mediated implications of the bioeconomy.
PhD Theses
30.
Vigni, Guido Fabrizio Li
Les systèmes complexes et la digitalisation des sciences. Histoire et sociologie des instituts de la complexité aux États-Unis et en France PhD Thesis
2018, (Thèse de doctorat dirigée par Chateauraynaud, Francis Sociologie Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE) 2018 2018PSLEH134).
@phdthesis{Vigni2018,
title = {Les systèmes complexes et la digitalisation des sciences. Histoire et sociologie des instituts de la complexité aux États-Unis et en France},
author = {Guido Fabrizio Li Vigni},
url = {http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH134},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-26},
urldate = {2018-11-26},
abstract = {Comment penser la relation entre les cultures scientifiques contemporaines et l’usage grandissant de l’ordinateur dans la production des savoirs ? Cette thèse se propose de donner une réponse à telle question à partir de l’analyse historique et sociologique d’un domaine scientifique fondé par le Santa Fe Institute (SFI) dans les années 1980 aux États-Unis : les « sciences des systèmes complexes » (SSC). Rendues célèbres par des publications grand-public, les SSC se répandent au cours des années 1990 et 2000 en Europe et dans d’autres pays du monde. Ce travail propose une histoire de la fondation de ce domaine en se concentrant sur le SFI et sur le Réseau National des Systèmes Complexes français. Avec un regard sociologique ancré dans les Science & Technology Studies et dans le courant pragmatiste, elle pose ensuite des questions sur le statut socio-épistémique de ce domaine, sur les modalités de l’administration de la preuve dans des savoirs fondés sur la simulation numérique et enfin sur les engagements épistémiques tenus par les spécialistes des systèmes complexes. Le matériau empirique – composé d’environ 200 entretiens, plusieurs milliers de pages d’archives et quelques visites de laboratoire – nous amène non seulement à mieux connaître ce champ de recherche – dont le langage est très répandu aujourd’hui, mais peu étudié par les historiens et les sociologues ; il nous porte aussi à questionner trois opinions courantes dans la littérature humaniste à propos des sciences numériques. À savoir : 1) l’ordinateur produit des connaissances de plus en plus interdisciplinaires, 2) il donne vie à des savoirs de type nouveau qui nécessitent une toute autre épistémologie pour être pensés et 3) il fait inévitablement advenir des visions du monde néolibérales. Or, cette thèse déconstruit ces trois formes de déterminisme technologique concernant les effets de l’ordinateur sur les pratiques scientifiques, en montrant d’abord que, dans les sciences computationnelles, les rapports interdisciplinaires ne se font pas sans effort ni pacifiquement ou sur pied d’égalité ; ensuite que les chercheurs et les chercheuses des SSC mobilisent des formes d’administration de la preuve déjà mises au point dans d’autres disciplines ; et enfin que les engagements épistémiques des scientifiques peuvent prendre une forme proche de la vision (néo)libérale, mais aussi des formes qui s’en éloignent ou qui s’y opposent.},
note = {Thèse de doctorat dirigée par Chateauraynaud, Francis Sociologie Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE) 2018
2018PSLEH134},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
Comment penser la relation entre les cultures scientifiques contemporaines et l’usage grandissant de l’ordinateur dans la production des savoirs ? Cette thèse se propose de donner une réponse à telle question à partir de l’analyse historique et sociologique d’un domaine scientifique fondé par le Santa Fe Institute (SFI) dans les années 1980 aux États-Unis : les « sciences des systèmes complexes » (SSC). Rendues célèbres par des publications grand-public, les SSC se répandent au cours des années 1990 et 2000 en Europe et dans d’autres pays du monde. Ce travail propose une histoire de la fondation de ce domaine en se concentrant sur le SFI et sur le Réseau National des Systèmes Complexes français. Avec un regard sociologique ancré dans les Science & Technology Studies et dans le courant pragmatiste, elle pose ensuite des questions sur le statut socio-épistémique de ce domaine, sur les modalités de l’administration de la preuve dans des savoirs fondés sur la simulation numérique et enfin sur les engagements épistémiques tenus par les spécialistes des systèmes complexes. Le matériau empirique – composé d’environ 200 entretiens, plusieurs milliers de pages d’archives et quelques visites de laboratoire – nous amène non seulement à mieux connaître ce champ de recherche – dont le langage est très répandu aujourd’hui, mais peu étudié par les historiens et les sociologues ; il nous porte aussi à questionner trois opinions courantes dans la littérature humaniste à propos des sciences numériques. À savoir : 1) l’ordinateur produit des connaissances de plus en plus interdisciplinaires, 2) il donne vie à des savoirs de type nouveau qui nécessitent une toute autre épistémologie pour être pensés et 3) il fait inévitablement advenir des visions du monde néolibérales. Or, cette thèse déconstruit ces trois formes de déterminisme technologique concernant les effets de l’ordinateur sur les pratiques scientifiques, en montrant d’abord que, dans les sciences computationnelles, les rapports interdisciplinaires ne se font pas sans effort ni pacifiquement ou sur pied d’égalité ; ensuite que les chercheurs et les chercheuses des SSC mobilisent des formes d’administration de la preuve déjà mises au point dans d’autres disciplines ; et enfin que les engagements épistémiques des scientifiques peuvent prendre une forme proche de la vision (néo)libérale, mais aussi des formes qui s’en éloignent ou qui s’y opposent.
Technical Reports
31.
Demortain, David; Barbier, Marc
Analyse scientométrique d’un corpus d’études sur les effets des particules de l’air ambiant extérieur sur la sante Technical Report
2018, (Rapport d’étude pour l’agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire).
@techreport{nokey,
title = {Analyse scientométrique d’un corpus d’études sur les effets des particules de l’air ambiant extérieur sur la sante},
author = {David Demortain and Marc Barbier},
url = {https://www.anses.fr/fr/system/files/LISIS2018Rapportdanalysescientoparticulesfinal.pdf},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-12-21},
abstract = {Le domaine de recherche sur les effets sanitaires de la présence dans l’air ambiant des particules fines est à la fois ancien, et très évolutif. Au fil des années, les recherches sur la pollution de l’air se sont en effet portées sur différentes substances, et se sont intéressées à des particules de taille de plus en plus réduite. Bien que pourvu d’une ontologie partagée sur les substances ou les indicateurs de composition de l’air ambiant, ce domaine est différencié selon les pays, car les polluants d’intérêt ne sont pas les mêmes, les équipes sont plus ou moins spécialisées sur l’étude de populations cibles ou de cohortes habitant des régions variées quant aux facteurs déterminant la composition de l’air ambiant. Les enjeux politiques liés à ces recherches peuvent donc être importants, car les mesures de présence de différents polluants — et plus encore les analyses attribuant à l’exposition à l’un ou autre de ces polluants une causalité dans la survenue de maladies — peuvent être à l’origine de réglementations sur les technologies de transport, les émissions industrielles ou d’autres sources, ou bien encore peuvent inspirer des prescriptions de comportement individualisées.},
note = {Rapport d’étude pour l’agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
Le domaine de recherche sur les effets sanitaires de la présence dans l’air ambiant des particules fines est à la fois ancien, et très évolutif. Au fil des années, les recherches sur la pollution de l’air se sont en effet portées sur différentes substances, et se sont intéressées à des particules de taille de plus en plus réduite. Bien que pourvu d’une ontologie partagée sur les substances ou les indicateurs de composition de l’air ambiant, ce domaine est différencié selon les pays, car les polluants d’intérêt ne sont pas les mêmes, les équipes sont plus ou moins spécialisées sur l’étude de populations cibles ou de cohortes habitant des régions variées quant aux facteurs déterminant la composition de l’air ambiant. Les enjeux politiques liés à ces recherches peuvent donc être importants, car les mesures de présence de différents polluants — et plus encore les analyses attribuant à l’exposition à l’un ou autre de ces polluants une causalité dans la survenue de maladies — peuvent être à l’origine de réglementations sur les technologies de transport, les émissions industrielles ou d’autres sources, ou bien encore peuvent inspirer des prescriptions de comportement individualisées.
2017
Journal Articles
32.
Prost, Magali; Prost, Lorène; Cerf, Marianne
Les échanges virtuels entre agriculteurs : un soutien à leurs transitions professionnelles ? Journal Article
In: Raisons éducatives, no. 1, pp. 129-154, 2017.
@article{prost2017echanges,
title = {Les échanges virtuels entre agriculteurs : un soutien à leurs transitions professionnelles ?},
author = {Magali Prost and Lorène Prost and Marianne Cerf},
url = {https://www.cairn.info/revue-raisons-educatives-2017-1-page-129.htm},
doi = {10.3917/raised.021.0129},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-01-01},
urldate = {2017-01-01},
journal = {Raisons éducatives},
number = {1},
pages = {129-154},
publisher = {Université de Genève},
abstract = {Depuis la fin du XXe siècle, le modèle français de production agricole est remis en question : construit pour augmenter la productivité par hectare et par travailleur, il est maintenant reconnu en partie responsable de la dégradation de l’environnement et de la santé des travailleurs agricoles (Meynard, Dedieu, & Bos, 2012 ; Millenium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005). Dans ce contexte, il existe une volonté de promouvoir une agriculture qui permette une production agricole économiquement viable, socialement équitable, et ne nuisant ni à l’environnement ni à la santé. Aller vers une telle agriculture implique de profonds changements, notamment une reconfiguration des situations de travail et des conditions d’exercice des métiers des acteurs du monde agricole, et en particulier des agriculteurs (e.g. Coquil, 2014). En effet, si les agriculteurs ont toujours été confrontés à un environnement de travail ouvert et dynamique (Cerf & Sagory, 2004), la révolution agricole qui a suivi la Seconde Guerre mondiale a cherché à atténuer cette spécificité. L’usage de pesticides, d’engrais chimiques, de l’irrigation, l’amélioration des variétés et leur adaptation à ces produits a permis un contrôle des facteurs de production et l’obtention de rendements stables et élevés. Revenir aujourd’hui à une forme d’agriculture qui favorise des régulations naturelles, dite agroécologique, réexpose les agriculteurs à de l’incertitude, du non-contrôlable, des phénomènes complexes sur lesquels ils ne disposent pas forcément de connaissances stabilisées. Qui plus est, si des connaissances scientifiques existent pour aborder ces questions, elles sont souvent très partielles, et parfois font l’objet de controverses au sein du monde scientifique. Il ne s’agit donc pas, ou pas seulement, de favoriser la transmission de ces connaissances scientifiques. Par ailleurs, même s’il existe des agriculteurs qui ont déjà mis en place une pratique agroécologique, il ne s’agit pas non plus uniquement de transmettre leur expertise à d’autres. Pourquoi ? Parce que tout dépend du projet de vie et de travail de l’agriculteur, des moyens de production dont il dispose, des conditions pédoclimatiques de son exploitation, des possibilités de commercialisation, etc. Pour réussir sa transition professionnelle, chaque agriculteur doit donc revoir en profondeur son activité pour combiner de façon renouvelée son projet, ses moyens de production, ses débouchés, ses modes d’action.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Depuis la fin du XXe siècle, le modèle français de production agricole est remis en question : construit pour augmenter la productivité par hectare et par travailleur, il est maintenant reconnu en partie responsable de la dégradation de l’environnement et de la santé des travailleurs agricoles (Meynard, Dedieu, & Bos, 2012 ; Millenium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005). Dans ce contexte, il existe une volonté de promouvoir une agriculture qui permette une production agricole économiquement viable, socialement équitable, et ne nuisant ni à l’environnement ni à la santé. Aller vers une telle agriculture implique de profonds changements, notamment une reconfiguration des situations de travail et des conditions d’exercice des métiers des acteurs du monde agricole, et en particulier des agriculteurs (e.g. Coquil, 2014). En effet, si les agriculteurs ont toujours été confrontés à un environnement de travail ouvert et dynamique (Cerf & Sagory, 2004), la révolution agricole qui a suivi la Seconde Guerre mondiale a cherché à atténuer cette spécificité. L’usage de pesticides, d’engrais chimiques, de l’irrigation, l’amélioration des variétés et leur adaptation à ces produits a permis un contrôle des facteurs de production et l’obtention de rendements stables et élevés. Revenir aujourd’hui à une forme d’agriculture qui favorise des régulations naturelles, dite agroécologique, réexpose les agriculteurs à de l’incertitude, du non-contrôlable, des phénomènes complexes sur lesquels ils ne disposent pas forcément de connaissances stabilisées. Qui plus est, si des connaissances scientifiques existent pour aborder ces questions, elles sont souvent très partielles, et parfois font l’objet de controverses au sein du monde scientifique. Il ne s’agit donc pas, ou pas seulement, de favoriser la transmission de ces connaissances scientifiques. Par ailleurs, même s’il existe des agriculteurs qui ont déjà mis en place une pratique agroécologique, il ne s’agit pas non plus uniquement de transmettre leur expertise à d’autres. Pourquoi ? Parce que tout dépend du projet de vie et de travail de l’agriculteur, des moyens de production dont il dispose, des conditions pédoclimatiques de son exploitation, des possibilités de commercialisation, etc. Pour réussir sa transition professionnelle, chaque agriculteur doit donc revoir en profondeur son activité pour combiner de façon renouvelée son projet, ses moyens de production, ses débouchés, ses modes d’action.
2016
Journal Articles
33.
Leblond, Nelly; Trottier, Julie
Performing an Invisibility Spell: Global Models, Food Regimes and Smallholders Journal Article
In: International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture & Food, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 21-40, 2016.
@article{leblond2016performing,
title = {Performing an Invisibility Spell: Global Models, Food Regimes and Smallholders},
author = {Nelly Leblond and Julie Trottier},
url = {http://www.redgtd.org/CENTRODOC/BD_ARCHIVOS/02_Leblond&Trottier_Global_Models_Food_Regimes&Smallholders_2016.pdf},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-01},
urldate = {2016-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture & Food},
volume = {23},
number = {1},
pages = {21-40},
abstract = {The present construction of global representations of food and farming is problematic. For example, how can we 'know' the world needs to double food production even though we cannot foresee a food crisis? How can we estimate investment opportunities while failing to quantify their impacts on smallholders? Global models constrain the manner in which we perceive the food regime while producing such representations. We need to identify the causal relations embedded inside models' equations and why they are arrayed in this fashion. This article combines actor-network theory and structuration theory to analyse a sample of 70 global models. It locates the modules and equations of these black boxes in the sociotechnical and political context of their production. Finally, a bibliometric analysis sketches the overall epistemic community that drove models into success or extinction. Dominant global models recycle equations, modules and databases to effectuate narrow worlds. They make smallholder farming invisible in spite of its prevalence around the world. They do not address food needs and construct pixellated representations of underutilized land. They systematically favour large-scale agricultural trade and investments in production and productivity. This reflects the structure of signification modellers adhere to as well as the structure of domination they are embedded in. Securing clients ensures the success of global models independently from their validation. The article demonstrates the manner in which modelling is a social practice embedded in power relations. Considering simultaneously the structure of domination formalized inside models and surrounding modelling is crucial. Future research should investigate how various actors resort to global models to champion their goals. It should question the policy recommendations drawn from such models and their relevance as decision support tools.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The present construction of global representations of food and farming is problematic. For example, how can we 'know' the world needs to double food production even though we cannot foresee a food crisis? How can we estimate investment opportunities while failing to quantify their impacts on smallholders? Global models constrain the manner in which we perceive the food regime while producing such representations. We need to identify the causal relations embedded inside models' equations and why they are arrayed in this fashion. This article combines actor-network theory and structuration theory to analyse a sample of 70 global models. It locates the modules and equations of these black boxes in the sociotechnical and political context of their production. Finally, a bibliometric analysis sketches the overall epistemic community that drove models into success or extinction. Dominant global models recycle equations, modules and databases to effectuate narrow worlds. They make smallholder farming invisible in spite of its prevalence around the world. They do not address food needs and construct pixellated representations of underutilized land. They systematically favour large-scale agricultural trade and investments in production and productivity. This reflects the structure of signification modellers adhere to as well as the structure of domination they are embedded in. Securing clients ensures the success of global models independently from their validation. The article demonstrates the manner in which modelling is a social practice embedded in power relations. Considering simultaneously the structure of domination formalized inside models and surrounding modelling is crucial. Future research should investigate how various actors resort to global models to champion their goals. It should question the policy recommendations drawn from such models and their relevance as decision support tools.
2015
Proceedings Articles
34.
Poibeau, Thierry; Ruiz, Pablo
Generating navigable semantic maps from social sciences corpora Proceedings Article
In: Digital Humanities 2015, 2015, (ARXIV : 1507.02020 ).
@inproceedings{poibeau2015generating,
title = {Generating navigable semantic maps from social sciences corpora},
author = {Thierry Poibeau and Pablo Ruiz},
url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01173963},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
urldate = {2015-01-01},
booktitle = {Digital Humanities 2015},
journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1507.02020},
abstract = {It is now commonplace to observe that we are facing a deluge of online information. Researchers have of course long acknowledged the potential value of this information since digital traces make it possible to directly observe, describe and analyze social facts, and above all the co-‐evolution of ideas and communities over time. However, most online information is expressed through text, which means it is not directly usable by machines, since computers require structured, organized and typed information in order to be able to manipulate it. Our goal is thus twofold: 1. Provide new natural language processing techniques aiming at automatically extracting relevant information from texts, especially in the context of social sciences, and connect these pieces of information so as to obtain relevant socio-‐ semantic networks ; 2. Provide new ways of exploring these socio-‐semantic networks , thanks to tools allowing one to dynamically navigate these networks , de-‐construct and re-‐ construct them interactively , from different points of view following the needs expressed by domain experts.},
note = {ARXIV : 1507.02020 },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
It is now commonplace to observe that we are facing a deluge of online information. Researchers have of course long acknowledged the potential value of this information since digital traces make it possible to directly observe, describe and analyze social facts, and above all the co-‐evolution of ideas and communities over time. However, most online information is expressed through text, which means it is not directly usable by machines, since computers require structured, organized and typed information in order to be able to manipulate it. Our goal is thus twofold: 1. Provide new natural language processing techniques aiming at automatically extracting relevant information from texts, especially in the context of social sciences, and connect these pieces of information so as to obtain relevant socio-‐ semantic networks ; 2. Provide new ways of exploring these socio-‐semantic networks , thanks to tools allowing one to dynamically navigate these networks , de-‐construct and re-‐ construct them interactively , from different points of view following the needs expressed by domain experts.
PhD Theses
35.
Gayoso, Emile
Coproduire le nouveau. Sociologie des plateformes de co-innovation PhD Thesis
2015, (Thèse de doctorat dirigée par Flichy, Patrice Sociologie Paris Est 2015).
@phdthesis{Gayoso2015,
title = {Coproduire le nouveau. Sociologie des plateformes de co-innovation},
author = {Emile Gayoso},
url = {https://www.theses.fr/2015PESC0055},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-12-04},
abstract = {Les plateformes de co-innovation sont des dispositifs en ligne que les entreprises ont commencé à développer au milieu de la décennie 2000, dans le sillage du Web 2.0, afin d’intégrer les consommateurs au processus d’innovation. Présentées comme de nouveaux espaces ouverts et collaboratifs, entièrement dédiés à la coopération avec les internautes, ces démarches participatives suscitent l’engouement des gestionnaires et des cabinets de conseil spécialisés dans l’innovation. Pourtant, rares sont les études portant sur la co-innovation qui aient consacré une enquête de terrain aux dispositifs mis en place et aux formes de collaborations qu’ils accueillent. La sociologie, en particulier, s’est notablement désintéressée — au profit des sciences de gestion — des initiatives de co-innovation impliquant de grandes entreprises et a fait porter l’essentiel de ses analyses sur des cas d’innovation ascendante, sur le mouvement du logiciel libre ou sur de petites structures de nature entrepreneuriale. Cette thèse, en prenant pour objet six plateformes mises en place par des très grandes entreprises françaises et étasunienne dans les secteurs des télécommunications, du transport de voyageurs et du matériel informatique, vise à combler ce manque.Au-delà de cette ambition qui tente de restituer la légitimité d’un objet de recherche au sein d’un champ disciplinaire, cette thèse tisse une réflexion autour de trois problèmes fondamentaux : pourquoi et comment les entreprises associent-elles les usagers à leur processus d’innovation ? Pourquoi et comment les usagers collaborent-ils, le plus souvent de façon bénévole ? De quelles nouvelles formes de collaboration, voire de relation, entre l’individu et l’entreprise ces dispositifs sociotechniques sont-ils porteurs ?Nous apportons des réponses à ces questions en mobilisant les outils combinés de la théorie du cadre de référence de Flichy, de la théorie des régimes d’engagement développée par Thévenot et poursuivie par Auray, et enfin des concepts standards de l’analyse de réseaux. Sur le plan empirique, cette thèse s’appuie sur une enquête de terrain menée depuis 2010 auprès des acteurs de ces plateformes, au cours de laquelle nous avons adopté une méthode quali-quantitative articulant 44 entretiens semi-directifs auprès des acteurs des plateformes (usagers mais aussi responsables de plateformes, chefs de produits, community managers), observations en ligne et analyse de réseaux des collaborations qui se nouent autour des dispositifs.},
note = {Thèse de doctorat dirigée par Flichy, Patrice Sociologie Paris Est 2015},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {phdthesis}
}
Les plateformes de co-innovation sont des dispositifs en ligne que les entreprises ont commencé à développer au milieu de la décennie 2000, dans le sillage du Web 2.0, afin d’intégrer les consommateurs au processus d’innovation. Présentées comme de nouveaux espaces ouverts et collaboratifs, entièrement dédiés à la coopération avec les internautes, ces démarches participatives suscitent l’engouement des gestionnaires et des cabinets de conseil spécialisés dans l’innovation. Pourtant, rares sont les études portant sur la co-innovation qui aient consacré une enquête de terrain aux dispositifs mis en place et aux formes de collaborations qu’ils accueillent. La sociologie, en particulier, s’est notablement désintéressée — au profit des sciences de gestion — des initiatives de co-innovation impliquant de grandes entreprises et a fait porter l’essentiel de ses analyses sur des cas d’innovation ascendante, sur le mouvement du logiciel libre ou sur de petites structures de nature entrepreneuriale. Cette thèse, en prenant pour objet six plateformes mises en place par des très grandes entreprises françaises et étasunienne dans les secteurs des télécommunications, du transport de voyageurs et du matériel informatique, vise à combler ce manque.Au-delà de cette ambition qui tente de restituer la légitimité d’un objet de recherche au sein d’un champ disciplinaire, cette thèse tisse une réflexion autour de trois problèmes fondamentaux : pourquoi et comment les entreprises associent-elles les usagers à leur processus d’innovation ? Pourquoi et comment les usagers collaborent-ils, le plus souvent de façon bénévole ? De quelles nouvelles formes de collaboration, voire de relation, entre l’individu et l’entreprise ces dispositifs sociotechniques sont-ils porteurs ?Nous apportons des réponses à ces questions en mobilisant les outils combinés de la théorie du cadre de référence de Flichy, de la théorie des régimes d’engagement développée par Thévenot et poursuivie par Auray, et enfin des concepts standards de l’analyse de réseaux. Sur le plan empirique, cette thèse s’appuie sur une enquête de terrain menée depuis 2010 auprès des acteurs de ces plateformes, au cours de laquelle nous avons adopté une méthode quali-quantitative articulant 44 entretiens semi-directifs auprès des acteurs des plateformes (usagers mais aussi responsables de plateformes, chefs de produits, community managers), observations en ligne et analyse de réseaux des collaborations qui se nouent autour des dispositifs.
2014
Journal Articles
36.
Cetro, Rosa; Barbier, Marc; Breucker, Philippe; Eggermont, Hilde; Gambette, Philippe; Kyriacopoulou, Tita; Roux, Xavier Le; Martineau, Claude; Turenne, Nicolas
Vers une approche semi-automatique pour la définition de motifs d'argumentation utilisés dans les résumés de projets scientifiques du domaine de la biodiversité Journal Article
In: Revue des Nouvelles Technologies de l'Information, pp. 47-80, 2014.
@article{cetro2014vers,
title = {Vers une approche semi-automatique pour la définition de motifs d'argumentation utilisés dans les résumés de projets scientifiques du domaine de la biodiversité},
author = {Rosa Cetro and Marc Barbier and Philippe Breucker and Hilde Eggermont and Philippe Gambette and Tita Kyriacopoulou and Xavier Le Roux and Claude Martineau and Nicolas Turenne},
url = {https://hal-upec-upem.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01090607/},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Revue des Nouvelles Technologies de l'Information},
pages = {47-80},
abstract = {Nous positionnons notre travail dans le domaine de l’analyse et de la visualisation de données textuelles produites par les scientifiques et réunies en corpus calibré. Ce domaine est reconnu pour sa contribution à la réflexion sur la composition et l’évaluation des politiques scientifiques. Le corpus que nous utilisons est une collection de tous les résumés de projets acceptés dans des guichets d’appels à projet dans le domaine de la biodiversité référencés par le réseau européen BiodivERsA. L’objectif de ce travail ancré dans la sociologie des sciences consiste à mieux comprendre les principales caractéristiques utilisées par les scientifiques pour présenter leur projet et convaincre de ses qualités. Pour cela nous avons utilisé une pluralité d’outils face à la difficulté de dépouiller l’information pour associer le niveau sémantique (structure de l’information) au niveau pragmatique (relations entre les rédacteurs de projet).Notre contribution repose sur un nouveau type d’extraction d’information, hors entités nommées, basé sur l'extraction de motifs d’argumentation. D’une part on remarque que l’usage de ces motifs marque la présence d'arguments dans des résumés de projets, et d’autre part croît avec le temps.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Nous positionnons notre travail dans le domaine de l’analyse et de la visualisation de données textuelles produites par les scientifiques et réunies en corpus calibré. Ce domaine est reconnu pour sa contribution à la réflexion sur la composition et l’évaluation des politiques scientifiques. Le corpus que nous utilisons est une collection de tous les résumés de projets acceptés dans des guichets d’appels à projet dans le domaine de la biodiversité référencés par le réseau européen BiodivERsA. L’objectif de ce travail ancré dans la sociologie des sciences consiste à mieux comprendre les principales caractéristiques utilisées par les scientifiques pour présenter leur projet et convaincre de ses qualités. Pour cela nous avons utilisé une pluralité d’outils face à la difficulté de dépouiller l’information pour associer le niveau sémantique (structure de l’information) au niveau pragmatique (relations entre les rédacteurs de projet).Notre contribution repose sur un nouveau type d’extraction d’information, hors entités nommées, basé sur l'extraction de motifs d’argumentation. D’une part on remarque que l’usage de ces motifs marque la présence d'arguments dans des résumés de projets, et d’autre part croît avec le temps.
Conferences
37.
Indukaev, Andrey; Mogoutov, Andrei; Lepinay, Vincent
Computer scientists from the former USSR: international mobility patterns and scientific success Conference
no. 7, Russia, 2014, ISBN: 978-1-4503-2889-0, (CEE-SECR '14: Proceedings of the 10th Central and Eastern European Software Engineering Conference in Russia).
@conference{Indukaev2014,
title = {Computer scientists from the former USSR: international mobility patterns and scientific success},
author = {Andrey Indukaev and Andrei Mogoutov and Vincent Lepinay},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/2687233.2687257?casa_token=2sPTTtPwEcAAAAAA:BHTooRNy0D12CGa8hQtd3o7q-HUFqE-l3jNbQWfwb6lSImuRRdFyRSyn-D2a8hoI5wuS1MibjPa2XA
https://dl.acm.org/doi/proceedings/10.1145/2687233},
doi = {10.1145/2687233.2687257},
isbn = {978-1-4503-2889-0},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-10-23},
urldate = {2014-10-23},
number = {7},
pages = {1-9},
address = {Russia},
abstract = {In the present paper, we develop a new method of longitudinal analysis of bibliographic data in order to explore international mobility of researchers from the former USSR through their publication activity.
Firstly, by means of name recognition algorithm using machine learning, we extracted from Web of Science a dataset of publications of more than three thousand of the most active computer scientists from the former Soviet Union. Then, the information on individuals' scientific production is presented in the form of a sequence of states which summarizes the affiliation location for all articles published by a certain author in a given period.
We use Optimal Matching algorithm to measure the degree of difference (which, in the sequence analysis, is called distance) between the sequences of individual researchers' activity. The distance between sequences is analyzed by means of hierarchical clustering, which permits us to group computer scientists from the former USSR in several classes according to publication activity patterns.
Not surprisingly, ex-soviet researchers having permanent affiliation in their home country are cited less than those who have permanent foreign affiliation. However, those who switch affiliations from former USSR to foreign or the other way round and publish in internationalized groups have one of the highest levels of citation per article among newcomers in discipline.
Our research shows that scientific mobility of successful authors can be not only unidirectional, but can take form of a complex go-and-return pattern, the claim which relativizes the "brain drain" paradigm in the analysis of migration of highly qualified specialists from the former URSS. On the methodological level, we propose a new method for analyzing scientific activity which takes into account its longitudinal dynamics. This method can be used for research questions going far beyond the scope of migration studies.},
note = {CEE-SECR '14: Proceedings of the 10th Central and Eastern European Software Engineering Conference in Russia},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
In the present paper, we develop a new method of longitudinal analysis of bibliographic data in order to explore international mobility of researchers from the former USSR through their publication activity.
Firstly, by means of name recognition algorithm using machine learning, we extracted from Web of Science a dataset of publications of more than three thousand of the most active computer scientists from the former Soviet Union. Then, the information on individuals' scientific production is presented in the form of a sequence of states which summarizes the affiliation location for all articles published by a certain author in a given period.
We use Optimal Matching algorithm to measure the degree of difference (which, in the sequence analysis, is called distance) between the sequences of individual researchers' activity. The distance between sequences is analyzed by means of hierarchical clustering, which permits us to group computer scientists from the former USSR in several classes according to publication activity patterns.
Not surprisingly, ex-soviet researchers having permanent affiliation in their home country are cited less than those who have permanent foreign affiliation. However, those who switch affiliations from former USSR to foreign or the other way round and publish in internationalized groups have one of the highest levels of citation per article among newcomers in discipline.
Our research shows that scientific mobility of successful authors can be not only unidirectional, but can take form of a complex go-and-return pattern, the claim which relativizes the "brain drain" paradigm in the analysis of migration of highly qualified specialists from the former URSS. On the methodological level, we propose a new method for analyzing scientific activity which takes into account its longitudinal dynamics. This method can be used for research questions going far beyond the scope of migration studies.
Firstly, by means of name recognition algorithm using machine learning, we extracted from Web of Science a dataset of publications of more than three thousand of the most active computer scientists from the former Soviet Union. Then, the information on individuals' scientific production is presented in the form of a sequence of states which summarizes the affiliation location for all articles published by a certain author in a given period.
We use Optimal Matching algorithm to measure the degree of difference (which, in the sequence analysis, is called distance) between the sequences of individual researchers' activity. The distance between sequences is analyzed by means of hierarchical clustering, which permits us to group computer scientists from the former USSR in several classes according to publication activity patterns.
Not surprisingly, ex-soviet researchers having permanent affiliation in their home country are cited less than those who have permanent foreign affiliation. However, those who switch affiliations from former USSR to foreign or the other way round and publish in internationalized groups have one of the highest levels of citation per article among newcomers in discipline.
Our research shows that scientific mobility of successful authors can be not only unidirectional, but can take form of a complex go-and-return pattern, the claim which relativizes the "brain drain" paradigm in the analysis of migration of highly qualified specialists from the former URSS. On the methodological level, we propose a new method for analyzing scientific activity which takes into account its longitudinal dynamics. This method can be used for research questions going far beyond the scope of migration studies.
38.
Benbouzid, Bilel
Analyse scientométrique des usages des enquêtes de victimation avec Cortext Manager Conference
Association Internationale des criminologues de langue française, vol. 1, 2014.
@conference{benbouzid2014analyse,
title = {Analyse scientométrique des usages des enquêtes de victimation avec Cortext Manager},
author = {Bilel Benbouzid},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
booktitle = {Association Internationale des criminologues de langue française},
journal = {Association Internationale des criminologues de langue française},
volume = {1},
pages = {4},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}
Book Chapters
39.
Bourret, Pascale; Keating, Peter; Cambrosio, Alberto
From BRCA to BRCAness: tales of translational research Book Chapter
In: Breast Cancer Gene Research and Medical Practices: Transnational Perspectives in the time of BRCA, pp. 175-193, Routledge, 2014.
@inbook{gibbon2014breast,
title = {From BRCA to BRCAness: tales of translational research},
author = {Pascale Bourret and Peter Keating and Alberto Cambrosio},
url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264556063_From_BRCA_to_BRCAness_tales_of_translational_research},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
booktitle = {Breast Cancer Gene Research and Medical Practices: Transnational Perspectives in the time of BRCA},
pages = {175-193},
publisher = {Routledge},
abstract = {The discovery of the two inherited susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 in the mid-1990s created the possibility of predictive genetic testing and led to the establishment of specific medical programmes for those at high risk of developing breast cancer in the UK, US and Europe. In the intervening fifteen years, the medical institutionalisation of these knowledge-practices and accompanying medical techniques for assessing and managing risk have advanced at a rapid pace across multiple national and transnational arenas, whilst also themselves constituting a highly mobile and shifting terrain.
This unique edited collection brings together cross-disciplinary social science research to present a broad global comparative understanding of the implications of BRCA gene research and medical practices. With a focus on time-economies that unfold locally, nationally and transnationally (including in Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, India, Italy, the UK and the USA), the essays in this volume facilitate a re-reading of concepts such as prevention, kinship and heredity, and together offer a unique, timely and comparative perspective on these developments.
The book provides a coherent structure for examining the diversity of practices and discourses that surround developments linked to BRCA genetics, and to the evolving field of genetics more broadly. It will be of interest to students and scholars of anthropology, sociology, history of science, STS, public health and bioethics.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
The discovery of the two inherited susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 in the mid-1990s created the possibility of predictive genetic testing and led to the establishment of specific medical programmes for those at high risk of developing breast cancer in the UK, US and Europe. In the intervening fifteen years, the medical institutionalisation of these knowledge-practices and accompanying medical techniques for assessing and managing risk have advanced at a rapid pace across multiple national and transnational arenas, whilst also themselves constituting a highly mobile and shifting terrain.
This unique edited collection brings together cross-disciplinary social science research to present a broad global comparative understanding of the implications of BRCA gene research and medical practices. With a focus on time-economies that unfold locally, nationally and transnationally (including in Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, India, Italy, the UK and the USA), the essays in this volume facilitate a re-reading of concepts such as prevention, kinship and heredity, and together offer a unique, timely and comparative perspective on these developments.
The book provides a coherent structure for examining the diversity of practices and discourses that surround developments linked to BRCA genetics, and to the evolving field of genetics more broadly. It will be of interest to students and scholars of anthropology, sociology, history of science, STS, public health and bioethics.
This unique edited collection brings together cross-disciplinary social science research to present a broad global comparative understanding of the implications of BRCA gene research and medical practices. With a focus on time-economies that unfold locally, nationally and transnationally (including in Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, India, Italy, the UK and the USA), the essays in this volume facilitate a re-reading of concepts such as prevention, kinship and heredity, and together offer a unique, timely and comparative perspective on these developments.
The book provides a coherent structure for examining the diversity of practices and discourses that surround developments linked to BRCA genetics, and to the evolving field of genetics more broadly. It will be of interest to students and scholars of anthropology, sociology, history of science, STS, public health and bioethics.
LIST OF SCIENTIFIC WORKS THAT HAVE USED CORTEXT MANAGER
(Sources: Google Scholar, HAL, Scopus, WOS and search engines)
We are grateful that you have found CorTexT Manager useful. Over the years, you have been more than 890 authors to trust CorTexT for your publicly accessible analyzes. This represents a little less than 10% of CorTexT Manager user’s community. So, thank you!
We seek to understand how the scientific production that used CorText Manager has evolved and to characterise it. You will find here our analysis of this scientific production.
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